James D. Watson

James Dewey Watson (6 April 1928 - 6 November 2025) merupakan seorang ahli biologi molekuler, genetik dan zoologi dari Amerika Syarikat yang terbaik dikenali sebagai salah satu penemu bersama struktur DNA pada tahun 1953 dengan Francis Crick dan Rosalind Franklin. Watson, Crick, dan Maurice Wilkins telah dianugerai Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan "untuk penemuan mereka berkaitan dengan struktur molekul asid nukleik dan kepentingannya terhadap pemindahan maklumat dalam bahan hidup".

Beliau turut terlibat mengasas Projek Genom Manusia bersama Institut-Institut Kesihatan Negara Amerika Syarikat antara tahun 1988 hingga 1992.

 Anugerah dan kehormatan 
Watson telah memenangi banyak anugerah termasuk:

 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, 1960The Lasker Foundation.1960 Winners . Retrieved on November 4, 2007.
 Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences (2001)
 Charles A. Dana Award, 1994
 Copley Medal of the Royal Society, 1993
 CSHL Double Helix Medal Honoree, 2008
 Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry, 1960
 EMBO Membership in 1985
 Fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences
 Gairdner Foundation International Award, 2002
 Heald Award
 Honorary Fellow, the Hastings Center, an independent bioethics research institutionThe Hastings Center Hastings Center Fellows.
 Accessed November 6, 2010
 Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE), 2002Nobility News: Honorary Knights 2007
 Hope Funds for Cancer Research: James D. Watson Award of Excellence for Scientific Achievement (2014)
 Irish America Hall of Fame, inducted March 2011O'Dowd, Niall. "He Helped Map the Structure of DNA. Up Next is a Cure For Cancer", Irish America magazine, March 10, 2011. Accessed March 22, 2011. "James Watson helped unravel the structure of DNA, a feat so stunning that it is considered the greatest scientific achievement of the 20th century. "
 John Collins Warren Prize of the Massachusetts General Hospital
 John J. Carty Award in molecular biology from the National Academy of Sciences
 Kaul Foundation Award for Excellence
 Pingat Liberty, 2000National Constitution Center.2000 Liberty Medal Recipients. Retrieved on November 4, 2007.
 Pingat Emas Lomonosov, 1994
 Lotos Club Medal of Merit, 2004
 Mendel Medal, 2008
 National Biotechnology Venture Award
 National Medal of Science, 1997The National Science Foundation.The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details. February 14, 2006. Retrieved on November 4, 2007.
 New York Academy of Medicine Award, 1999
 Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan, 1962
 Pingat Emas Othmer (2005)
 Pingat Kebebasan Presiden, 1977Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2007. Retrieved on November 4, 2007.
 Research Corporation Prize
 Pingat Alumni Universiti Chicago 1998
 Hadiah Kolej Universiti London  2000
 University Medal at SUNY Stony Brook

 Ijazah kehormat yang diterima 

 DSc, University of Chicago, A.S, 1961
 DSc, Indiana University, A.S, 1963
 LLD, University of Notre Dame, A.S, 1965
 DSc, Long Island University (CW Post), A.S, 1970
 DSc, Adelphi University, A.S, 1972
 DSc, Brandeis University, A.S, 1973
 DSc, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, A.S, 1974
 DSc, Hofstra University, A.S, 1976
 DSc, Harvard University, A.S, 1978
 DSc, Rockefeller University, A.S, 1980
 DSc, Clarkson College of Technology, A.S, 1981
 DSc, SUNY at Farmingdale, A.S, 1983
 MD, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1986
 DSc, Rutgers University, A.S, 1988
 DSc, Bard College, A.S, 1991
 DSc, University of Stellenbosch, Afrika Selatan, 1993
 DSc, Fairfield University, A.S, 1993
 DSc, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1993
 DrHC, Charles University in Prague, Republik Czech, 1998
 ScD, University of Dublin, Ireland, 2001

 Rujukan 

 Bacaan lanjut 

 Chadarevian, S. (2002) Designs For Life: Molecular Biology After World War II. Cambridge University Press 0-521-57078-6
 Chargaff, E. (1978) Heraclitean Fire. New York: Rockefeller Press.
 Chomet, S., ed., (1994) D.N.A.: Genesis of a Discovery London: Newman-Hemisphere Press.
 Collins, Francis. (2004) Coming to Peace With Science: Bridging the Worlds Between Faith and Biology. InterVarsity Press. 978-0-8308-2742-8
 Collins, Francis. (2007) The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief Free Press. 978-1-4165-4274-2
 Crick, F. H. C. (1988) What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery (Basic Books reprint edition, 1990) 0-465-09138-5
 John Finch; 'A Nobel Fellow On Every Floor', Medical Research Council 2008, 381 pp, 978-1-84046-940-0; this book is all about the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge.
 Friedberg, E.C.; "Sydney Brenner: A Biography", CSHL Press October 2010, 0-87969-947-7.
 Friedburg, E. C. (2005) "The Writing Life of James D. Watson". "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press" 0-87969-700-8
 Hunter, G. (2004) Light Is A Messenger: the life and science of William Lawrence Bragg. Oxford University Press. 0-19-852921-X
 Inglis, J., Sambrook, J. & Witkowski, J. A. (eds.) Inspiring Science: Jim Watson and the Age of DNA. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 2003. 978-0-87969-698-6.
 Judson, H. F. (1996). The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology, Expanded edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 0-87969-478-5
 Maddox, B. (2003). Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA. Harper Perennial. 0-06-098508-9
 McEleheny, Victor K. (2003) Watson and DNA: Making a scientific revolution, Perseus. 0-7382-0341-6
 Robert Olby; 1974 The Path to The Double Helix: Discovery of DNA. London: MacMillan. 0-486-68117-3; Definitive DNA textbook, with foreword by Francis Crick, revised in 1994 with a 9-page postscript.
 Robert Olby; (2003) "Quiet debut for the double helix" Nature 421 (January 23): 402-405.
 Robert Olby; "Francis Crick: Hunter of Life's Secrets", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 978-0-87969-798-3, August 2009.
 Ridley, M. (2006) Francis Crick: Discoverer of the Genetic Code (Eminent Lives) New York: Harper Collins. 0-06-082333-X.
 James D. Watson, "The Annotated and Illustrated Double Helix, edited by Alexander Gann and Jan Witkowski" (2012) Simon & Schuster, 978-1-4767-1549-0.
 Wilkins, M. (2003) The Third Man of the Double Helix: The Autobiography of Maurice Wilkins. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 0-19-860665-6.
 The History of the University of Cambridge: Volume 4 (1870 to 1990), Cambridge University Press, 1992.

 Pautan luar 

 James D. Watson Collection at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Library
 DNA – The Double Helix Game from Nobelprize.org
 MSN Encarta biography(  2009-10-31)
 DNA Interactive – This site from the Dolan DNA Learning Center (part of CSHL) commemorates the discovery of the structure of DNA and includes dozens of animations, as well as interviews with James Watson and others.
 DNA from the Beginning – another DNA Learning Center site on the basics of DNA, genes, and heredity, from Mendel to the Human Genome Project.
 C-SPAN
 Charlie Rose
 TED



 A Revolution at 50, February 25, 2003

Kategori:Kelahiran 1928
Kategori:Kematian 2025
Kategori:Fellow Guggenheim
Kategori:Penerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan
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