Bea Arthur

Beatrice Arthur (lahir Bernice Frankel; 13 Mei 1922 - 25 APril 2009), juga turut dikenali sebagai Bea Arthur, merupakan pelakon, pelawak, penyanyi dan aktivis hak asasi haiwan di Amerika Syarikat. Arthur mula dikenali apabila memegang watak Maude Findlay menerusi sitkom All in the Family (1971–72) dan Maude (1972–78), dan sebagai Dorothy Zbornak menerusi sitkom The Golden Girls (1985–92). Beliau turut memenangi Anugerah Emmy untuk kedua-dua watak tersebut.

 Kehidupan peribadi 
 Kehidupan awal 
Beatrice Arthur dilahirkan sebagai Bernice Frankel pada 13 Mei 1922 oleh Rebecca ( Pressner) dan Philip Frankel di Brooklyn, New York. Arthur dibesarkan dalam keluarga Yahudi Amerika bersama adik-beradiknya yang lain, Gertrude and Marian Kay. Pada tahun 1933, mereka sekeluarga berpindah ke Cambridge, Maryland dan ibu bapanya membuka kedai pakaian wanita. Beliau telah belajar di Linden Hall School for Girls, sebuah sekolah berasrama penuh perempuan di Lititz, Pennsylvania, sebelum ke Blackstone College for Girls di Blackstone, Virginia, di mana beliau mula aktif dalam program drama sekolah.

Semasa Perang Dunia kedua, beliau telah bekerja sebagai pemandu trak dan jurutaip di United States Marine Corps Women's Reserve.Her Marine Corps records are available for perusal at the National Archives and Records Administration websiteBeatrice Arthur interview (March 15, 2001) with Karen Herman, part 1 of 5. Archive of American Television website; accessed June 11, 2014.

 Kerjaya 

Dari tahun 1947, Arthur belajar dengan seorang pengarah Jerman, Erwin Piscator. Arthur memulakan kerjayanya sebagai ahli teater Broadway di Cherry Lane Theatre, New York City pada lewat 1940-an.

Kerjanya sebagai pelakon televisyen pula bermula pada tahun 1971 dijemput oleh Norman Lear untuk menjadi pelakon jemputan menerusi sitkom All in the Family, sebagai Maude Findlay, sepupu kepada Edith Bunker. Lakonannya telah mengagumkan banyak pihak termasuk eksekutif CBS yang bersetuju untuk memberikan Arthur siri televisyennya sendiri, Maude.

Arthur turut membintangi The Golden Girls pada tahun 1985 sebagai Dorothy Zbornak, seorang guru sandaran yang telah bercerai dan tinggal di sebuah rumah di Miami yang dimiliki oleh Blanche Devereaux (lakonan Rue McClanahan). Rakan serumahnya termasuklah Rose Nylund (lakonan Betty White) dan ibu Dorothy, Sophia Petrillo (lakonan Estelle Getty). Siri tersebut menjadi terkenal dan merupakan sepuluh siri popular selama enam siri daripada tujuh siri yang disiarkan. Beliau turut tercalon beberapa kali menerusi Anugerah Emmy dan menang pada tahun 1988 menerusi watak Dorothy. Setelah tujuh tahun bersama The Golden Girls, Arthur memutuskan untuk meninggalkan siri popular itu. Pada tahun 1992, siri berkenaan disiarkan di CBS (sebelum ini disiarkan di NBC) dan dikenali sebagai The Golden Palace, di mana tiga pelakon utama masih bersama kecuali Arthur. Arthur hanya muncul sebagai pelakon jemputan dan siri ini hanya bertahan selama satu musim sahaja. 

Selepas meninggalkan The Golden Girls, beliau membuat beberapa penampilan sebagai pelakon jemputan. Beliau menyumbangkan suara untuk kartun Amerika, Futurama menerusi episod "Amazon Women in the Mood". Beliau turut muncul menerusi Malcolm in the Middle sebagai Mrs. White, salah seorang pengasuh Dewey dan telah tercalon dalam Anugerah Emmy sebagai Pelakon Jemputan Wanita Terbaik di dalam Siri Komedi. Beliau turut muncul sebagai ibu kepada Larry David menerusi Curb Your Enthusiasm.

 Perkahwinan 
Arthur pernah berkahwin sebanyak dua kali. Perkahwinan pertama adalah ketika beliau dalam tentera dan beliau mengahwini Robert Alan Aurthur, pengarah, penerbit filem dan televisyen serta pelakon layar. Nama keluarga Aurthur telah diguna dan diubah ejaannya sebagai nama pentasnya. Setelah bercerai pada tahun 1950, beliau mengahwini pengarah Gene Saks dan mengambil dua orang anak angkat, Matthew (lahir pada 1961) yang juga seorang pelakon dan Daniel (lahir pada 1964), pereka set. Mereka bercerai pada tahun 1978.

 Kematian 
Bea Arthur telah meninggal dunia di rumahnya pada pagi Sabtu, 25 April 2009 kerana kanser.

 Filemografi 

 Filem 
TahunJudulPerananNota 1959 That Kind of Woman WAC Tidak dikreditkan 1974 Mame Vera Charles 1981 History of the World, Part I Kerani pejabat Dole  Tidak dikreditkan 1995 For Better or Worse Beverly Makeshift 2000 Enemies of Laughter Ibu Paul

 Televisyen 
 Tahun Filem Peranan Nota 1951–1958 Kraft Television Theatre 1951 Once Upon a Tune 1951–1953, 1955–1958 Studio One 1955 Max Liebman Presents: Kaleidoscope 1954–1956 Caesar's Hour Penghibur tetap1957 Washington Square2 episod The Steve Allen Show1958 The Seven Lively Arts Tonight Starring Jack Parr Omnibus The Gift of the Magi 1959 The George Gobel Show 1960 The Best of Anything Filem televisyen 1961 The Perry Como Show 1962 The Garry Moore Show 1963 The Sid Caesar Show 1970 Lovers and Other Strangers 1971–1972 All in the FamilyMaude Findlay 2 episod 1972–1978 Maude 141 episod 1973 The 45th Annual Academy Awards1974The 28th Annual Tony Awards 1974–1980 The Mike Douglas Show 6 episod 1974–1985 The Merv Griffin Show 3 episod 1974–1990 The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson 8 episod 1975–1980 Dinah 5 episod 1976–1979 Saturday Night Live 2 episod 1976 Cos Diri sendiri1977 The 31st Annual Tony Awards The 29th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In1978 CBS: On the Air The 30th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards Star Wars Holiday Special 1979 The Mary Tyler Moore Hour1980 The Beatrice Arthur Special 30 Years of TV Comedy's Greatest Hits: To Laughter with Love Soap Angel Episod: "Jessica's Wonderful Life" Bob Hope Special: Bob Hope-Hope, Women and Song1981 Omnibus The 35th Annual Tony Awards The 33rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards1982 Bob Hope's Women I Love-Beautiful but Funny Nights of 100 Stars Broadway Plays Washington on Kennedy Center Tonight1983 Amanda's Amanda Cartwright 13 episod The 9th Annual People's Choice Awards1984 The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast: Joan Collins The 1st Academy TV Hall of Fame a.k.a. Pablo Episod: "My Son, the Gringo" P.O.P. Rosalyn Gordon Filem televisyen 1985–1992 The Golden Girls Dorothy Zbornak 177 episodes1985 The NBC All Star Hour The 37th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards The 10th Circus of the StarsThe 40th Annual Tony Awards 1985–2008 Entertainment Tonight Diri sendiri 7 episod1986 All Star Party for Clint Eastwood The 38th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards NBC 60th Anniversary Celebration The 43rd Annual Golden Globe Awards Walt Disney World's 15th Birthday Celebration Late Night with David Letterman The 46th Annual Golden Apple Awards The Kennedy Center Honors: A Celebration of the Performing Arts1987 The 39th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards All Star Party for Joan Collins Comic Relief '87 All Star Gala at Ford's Theater Pengacara The 1st Annual American Comedy Awards The 44th Annual Golden Globe Awards The 13th Annual People's Choice Awards This is Your Life Happy 100th Birthday Hollywood The 41st Annual Tony Awards Family Comedy Hour 1988 The 9th Annual American Black Achievement Awards 1988 The 45th Annual Golden Globe Awards 1988 In Performance at the White House; A Salute to Broadway: Showstoppers 1988 Irving Berlin's 100th Birthday Celebration 1988 The 40th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards 1988 Mickey's 60th Birthday Diri sendiri 1988 The 13th Circus of the Stars 1988 My First Love Jean Miller Drama televisyen 1989 The 46th Annual Golden Globe Awards 1989 Empty Nest Dorothy Zbornak Episod: "Dumped" 1989 The 3rd Annual American Comedy Awards 1989 Bob Hope's Birthday Spectacular in Paris 1989 The Society of Singers Presents a Tribute to Ella Fitzgerald 1989 The 41st Annual Primetime Emmy Awards 1989 Later with Bob Costas 1989 The Arsenio Hall Show 1989 The 49th Annual Golden Apple Awards 1989 Live with Regis and Kathie Lee 1990 The TV Academy Tribute to Angela Lansbury 1990 The 21st BAFTA Awards 1990 The 4th Annual American Comedy Awards 1990 The Earth Day Special 1990 Aspel & Company 1990 Night of 100 Stars III 1990 The 42nd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards 1990 Des O'Connor Tonight 1990 A Conversation with Dinah 1990 Live from the London Palladium: Happy Birthday, Happy New Year! 1991 The 17th Annual People Choice Awards 1991 The 48th Annual Golden Globe Awards 1991 The 5th Annual American Comedy Awards 1991 The 43rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards 1991 Funny Women of Television 1991 Dame Edna's Hollywood 1992 Evening at Pops 1992 The Howard Stern Show 1992 Guest Night 1992 The 6th Annual American Comedy Awards 1992 The Golden Palace Dorothy Hollingsworth 2 episod 1992 Verstehen Sie Spaß? 1992 The 1992 Pacific Center HIV-AIDS Benefit 1993 The 7th Annual American Comedy Awards 1993 Out There 1993 This Joint is Jumpin 1993 The 47th Annual Tony Awards 1993 Boulevard Bio 1993 Sean's Show 1994 Jerry Herman's Broadway at the Hollywood Bowl 1994 The 8th Annual American Comedy Awards 1994 Bob Hope's Birthday Memories 1994 She TV 1995 The 9th Annual Genesis Awards 1995 50 Years of Funny Females 1995 This Morning  1996 The 10th American Comedy Awards 1996 The 50th Annual Tony Awards 1997 Dave's World Mel Bloom 3 episod 1997 The Rosie O'Donnell Show 1998 The RuPaul Show 1998 Ellen Diri sendiri Episod: "Ellen: A Hollywood Tribute: Part 1" 1998 CBS: The first 50 Years 1998 NY TV: By the People Who Made It-Part I & II 1999 The 53rd Annual Tony Awards 1999 Beggars and Choosers Diri sendiri 5 episod 1999 Emily of New Moon Suara Episod: "A Fall from Grace" 1999 The Martin Short Show 2000 So Graham Norton 2000 Malcolm in the Middle Mrs. White Episod: "Water Park" 2000 Intimate Portrait: Rue McClanahan 2000 E! True Hollywood Story: The Golden Girls 2000 E! True Hollywood Story: Good Times 2000 E! True Hollywood Story: All in the Family 2000 The 70s: The Decade That Changed Television 2001 Intimate Portrait: Estelle Getty 2001 Futurama Femputer Episod: "Amazon Women in the Mood" 2001 Today 2002–2007 The View Disi sendiri / tetamu 2 episod 2002 CBS News Sunday Morning 2002 The Rosie O'Donnell Show 2002 Good Morning America 2002 The Daily Show 2002 The Big O! True West Hollywood Story 2002 TV Most Censored Moments 2002 TV Tales: The Golden Girls 2002 Open Mike with Mike Bullard 2002 Because I Said So 2002 Inside TV Land: Taboo TV 2003 Great Women on Television Comedy 2003 Intimate Portrait: Bea Arthur 2003 TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV 2003 Rove Live 2003 Broadway: The Golden Age by the Legends Who Were There 2003 Through the Keyhole 2003 The Golden Girls: Their Greatest Moments 2003 Today with Des and Mel 2003 Richard & Judy 2003 The Terry and Gaby Show 2004 The 2nd Annual TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV 2004 Great Performances 2004 The Best of So Graham Norton 2004 Inside TV Land: Primetime Politics 2004 TV's Greatest Sidekicks 2005 Inside TV Land: Tickled Pink 2005 Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson 2005 TV Land Confidential 2005 Curb Your Enthusiasm Ibu Larry Episod: "The End" 2006 Biography: Bea Arthur 2006 The 100 Greatest TV Quotes & Catchphrases Diri sendiri 5 episod 2007 TV Land Confidential Diri sendiri Dokumentari4 episod 2007 Back to the Grind Diri sendiri Bea Arthur dan Ed Begley Jr. 2007 Entertainment Weekly & TV Land Present: The 50 Greatest TV Icons 2008 The 6th Annual TV Land AwardsHerself Winner 2008 Inside Edition Documentari 2014 Broadway: Beyond The Golden Age

 Teater 
 Tahun Judul Peranan Nota 1947 Lysistrata 1947 Gas 1947 The Dog Beneath the Skin 1947 Yerma 1948 No Exit 1948 The Taming of the Shrew Katherina 1948 Six Characters in Search of an Author 1948 The Owl and the Pussycat 1949 Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme 1949 Yes is for a Very Young Man 1949 The Creditors 1949 Heartbreak House 1951 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes 1951 Personal Appearance 1951 Candle Light 1951 Love or Money 1951 The Voice of the Turtle 1951 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes 1953 The New Moon 1954–55 The Threepenny Opera Lucy Brown 1955 What's the Rush? 1955 Shoestring Revue 1955 Plain and Fancy 1955 Seventh Heaven 1956 Mistress of the Inn 1956 Ziegfeld Follies 1956 Shoestring '57 1957 Hamlet 1957 Nature's Way 1958 Ulysses in Nighttown 1959 Chic 1960 The Gay Divorcee at the Cherry Lane 1962 A Matter of Position 1964 Fiddler on the Roof Yenta the Matchmaker 1966 Mame Vera Charles memenangi Anugerah Tony l 1968 A Mother's Kisses  1981 The Floating Lightbulb 1981 Hey, Look Me Over! 1994 Easter Bonnet Competition: A Salute to 100 Years of Broadway 1994 La Fille du Regiment 1995–96 Bermuda Avenue Triangle November 17, 1996 Angela Lansbury – A Celebration 1997–98 After Play 1998 Jubilee 1999 Thoroughly Modern Millie 2000 Strike Up the Band 2000 The Threepenny Opera Reunion Concert 2000–2006 An Evening with Bea Arthur  Westport, Connecticut (July 28–30, 2000)
Santa Fe, New Mexico (September 24, 2002)
Los Angeles, California (January 31 – February 1, 2004)
Saugatuck, Michigan (May 22–23, 2004)
Provincetown, Massachusetts (August 21, 2004)
Columbus, Georgia (October 30, 2004)
Nyack, New York (March 4–6, 2005)
Fort Wayne, Indiana (April 17, 2005)
Mount Pleasant, Michigan (April 19, 2005)
Atlantic City, New Jersey (June 3–4, 2005)
Holmdel, New Jersey (June 7, 2005)
Las Vegas, Nevada (August 27, 2005)
Hampton, Virginia (September 16–17, 2005)
Alexandria, Virginia (September 22, 2005)
Geneva, New York (September 24, 2005)
San Francisco, California (January 7, 2006)
Salem, Oregon (January 21, 2006)
Scottsdale, Arizona (February 24–25, 2006)
University Park, Illinois (March 19, 2006) 2001–2003 And Then There's BeaUnited States Tour (April 24, 2001 – January 13, 2002)
Melbourne, Australia (October 15–27, 2002)
Sydney, Australia (October 29 – November 10, 2002)
Johannesburg, South Africa (August 12–24, 2003)
Cape Town, South Africa (August 26 – September 7, 2003) 2002 Bea Arthur on Broadway: Just Between Friends New York, New York (January 29, 2002 – April 14, 2002)
Toronto, Canada (November 20 – December 8, 2002) 2003 Bea Arthur at The Savoy in London, England (September 15 – October 18, 2003) 2004 A Celebration of Life in Washington, D.C. (May 26, 2004) 2004 There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee at the Hollywood Bowl, Hollywood, California (July 14, 2004) 2004 Bea Arthur at the El Portal in North Hollywood, California (August 5–8, 2004) 2005Bea Arthur Back on Broadway (at 95th Street) in New York, New York (November 21, 2005) 2006Bea Arthur Back at the El Portal in North Hollywood, California (February 16–19, 2006)

 Rujukan 

 Pautan luar 





 Bea Arthur Interview, emmytvlegends.org; accessed June 13, 2014.
 Bea Arthur profile, Comedy Hall of Fame website; accessed June 13, 2014.
 Beatrice Arthur at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection ; accessed June 13, 2014.
 Beatrice Arthur profile by Kirsten Fermaglich, Jewish Women Encyclopedia; accessed June 13, 2014.
 N.Y. Times obituary, April 26, 2009; accessed June 13, 2014.
 "Huffington Post" obituary; April 25, 2014; accessed June 13, 2014.
 "Beatrice Arthur: A towering comedic talent from another era", L.A. Times, August 27, 2009; accessed June 13, 2014
 Entertainment Weekly article about her death, ew.com; accessed June 13, 2014.
 Beatrice Arthur obituary, Daily Telegraph; accessed June 13, 2014.

Kategori:Kelahiran 1922
Kategori:Kematian 2009
Kategori:Pelakon Amerika Syarikat