Kamaana

Kamaana (/meɪz/ MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. mays,  Spanish : maíz yaha Taino: mahis), lebga m bôon na ti "corn "(North American and Australian English), ya bõn-beelle n yé wĩndg goabga Mexico neb ning yʋʋm koabẽ piig n looga.  Kamaan yaa kood sẽn yaa kood b sẽn sɩng n zãag ne buud a taab sẽn be Meksik rɩtgo. Bõn-buudã vãad sẽn tar sebã kɩtdame tɩ b tõe n paam tɩɩg-rãmb sẽn yaa wa tɩɩg-rãmb sẽn tar tɩɩs a taaba. B sã n gomd kood yelle, b nong n boond-a lame tɩ koodã, tɩ b sã n boond-a tɩ koodã, b boond-a tɩ koodã. Wala makre, Etazĩni la Ostrali wã, b wae n boond-a lame tɩ kood, la Ãngeletɛɛr ne Welsã, b tõe n yeelame tɩ kood bɩ zɛɛre, la Eskotɛnd ne Irlãnd, tɩ yaa zɛɛre.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC29389https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maize#cite_note-3https://web.archive.org/web/20180621113745/http://articles.extension.org/pages/36971/please-settle-a-dispute-is-sweet-corn-a-vegetable-or-a-grain-what-is-the-difference-how-about-field-https://www.popsci.com/is-corn-fruit-vegetable-or-grain/

Dũniyã zĩis wʋsg pʋgẽ, koodã lebga rɩɩb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgo. Sẽn paase, ninsaalb rɩt-a lame (tõnd nong n dɩt-a-la wa masa), la b rɩkd-a me n maand ethanol, n kõt rũms rɩɩbo, la bõn-buud a taab sẽn yit koodẽ, wala makre, koodã yamdgã la koodã sɩropã. Burã buud a yoobã yaa bur sẽn yaa kãn-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, la bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga. B nong n bɩɩsda kood sẽn tar sũ-noog n dɩt nebã, tɩ kood sẽn be pʋʋgẽ wã yaool n tʋmd rũms rɩɩb yĩnga, la b tũnugd ne koodã n dɩt ninsaalbã (tõnd sẽn tõe n ningd-a koodã bɩ masa wã pʋgẽ, n ningd-a koodã kaam pʋgẽ, n ningd-a rã-yũudg pʋgẽ, n ningd-a rã-yũudg la rã-yũudg sẽn yaa rã-yũudg wa bourbon wiski wã), la b rɩkd-a n maand tʋʋm-noy a taaba. Sẽn paase, b tũnugda ne koodã n maand ethanol la bõn-vɩɩs a taab sẽn tar yõodo.

Dũniyã gill zugu, b koodame, la yʋʋmd fãa, b kood-a-la wʋsgo. Yʋʋmd 2021 wã pʋgẽ, dũniyã tõr koodã yɩɩ tusa la pissi. Burkĩna yaa burkĩna sẽn yaa kood ning b sẽn bʋt wʋsg Amerikã fãa pʋgẽ, t'a tara ton dãmb milyõ 384 sẽn bʋt Etazĩni pʋgẽ yʋʋm 2021 wã pʋgẽ bala. Burkĩna sẽn yaa b sẽn toeeme ne a rogem-n-mikã yaa burkĩna sẽn bʋd Etazĩni yʋʋmd 2009 wã 85%. Etazĩni wã sẽn sõngd nebã tɩ b kood koodã yaa wʋsgo, tɩ kɩt tɩ b yaa dũni gill kood-yendã.

Bõn-wẽnsã
Bõn-buudã

 African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta)
 African sugarcane borer (Eldana saccharina)
 Asian corn (Ostrinia furnacalis)
 Common armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta)
 Common earwig (Forficula auricularia)
 Corn delphacid (Peregrinus maidis)
 Corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)
 Corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp) including Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte), Northern corn rootworm (D. barberi or D. longicornis) and Southern corn rootworm (D. undecimpunctata howardi)
 Corn silkfly (Euxesta stigmatias)
 Dusky sap beetle (Carpophilus lugubris)
 European coorn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (ECB)
 Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Some sweet corn varieties have developed partial resistance to fall army worms by producing a unique 33-kD proteinase that significantly retards fall army worm growth.
 Corn earworm/Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa zea)
 Lesser cornstalk borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus)
 Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)
 Northern armyworm, Oriental armyworm or Rice ear-cutting caterpillar (Mythimna separata)
 Southwestern corn borer (Diatraea grandiosella)
 Stalk borer (Papaipema nebris)

 Bãase 
bãas sõor

 Rust
 Corn smut or common smut (Ustilago maydis): a fungal disease, known in Mexico as huitlacoche, which is prized by some as a gourmet delicacy in itself
 Northern corn leaf blight (Purdue Extension site) (Pioneer site) Archived June 24, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
 Southern corn leaf blight
 Maize downy mildew (Peronosclerospora spp.)
 Maize dwarf mosaic virus
 Maize streak virus
 Stewart's wilt (Pantoea stewartii)
 Goss's wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis)
 Grey leaf spot
 Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV)
 Stalk rot
 Ear rot
 Aspergillus flavus
 A. parasiticus

A kʋdemdã

Kormã yaa bõn-buudu, tɩ yaa ninsaal n segd n kẽes a toog n kɩt t'a bɩ. B sã n mikame tɩ koodã pa yit a toor n lʋɩ bɩ, yaa kaset sẽn wilgd tɩ yaa sõma tɩ b bãng koodã n welg ne a yaab a ye. B leb n tõe n tũnuga ne rog-n-mik n bãng wakat ning buud toor-toorã sẽn na n welge.

Kʋdemd mitba wʋsg tẽedame tɩ yaa Tehuacán kʋɩlgã sẽn be Meksikã n da tar koodã. Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 21 wã sɩngrẽ, vaeesg sẽn maan pa yã n kaoos kɩtame tɩ b toeem tagsg kãngã.

Yʋʋmd 2002 soabã pʋgẽ, a Matsuoka ne neb a taab n maan vaeesgo, n wilg tɩ burã fãa yita buud a yembr pʋgẽ, sẽn be Meksik rɩtgo, sẽn zems yʋʋm 9,000 sẽn looge. Bãngrã wilgame me tɩ bur buud nins sẽn ket n be rũndã-rũndã n yaa nin-kẽemdã yaa Burkĩna pʋga. Kaoosg zugẽ, koodã yii zĩ-kãnga n sa n ta Amerik tẽns a yiib pʋsẽ. Woto zemsa ne bũmb b sẽn maan tɩ wilgdẽ tɩ bur-buudã ra bee Meksik tãensẽ wã, n yaool n sa n ta pʋɩ-tẽnsã.

B sẽn bʋdã
A sẽn pa sakd waoodã yĩnga, b segd n sel-a-la noore. A yẽg-rãmbã pa zãad zĩig wʋsg ye. A sẽn yaa tɩɩg sẽn tũnugd ne C4 carbon fixation wã yĩnga, koodã yaa tɩɩg sẽn dɩkd koom sõma n yɩɩd tɩɩg ning sẽn tũnugd ne C3 carbon fixation wa alfalfa la soja. Tɩɩmã sã n wa yitẽ, a sã n wa tõe n paam tɩ bõn-vãadã tõog n kʋɩ-a, yaa tɩlɛ t'a ra wa ki. Etazĩni wã, b ra yetame tɩ koodã sã n wa bɩt tɩ ta "juli rasem a naase", b na n paama kood wʋsgo. B sã n tigsd koodã, b segd n tigs-a lame tɩ tɩɩgã ket n yaa kʋɩlemde, tɩ biisã ket n pa bɩ ye. B tigimd-a-la "bi-pɛɛlg" sasa, sẽn dat n yeel tɩ b sã n wa tigimd-a, b yaool n tigimd-a lame. B basda koodã pʋʋgẽ wã hal tɩ ta sa-koomã, tɩ koodã kʋɩ sõma, la wakat ninga, b tõe n ka tigsd-a hal tɩ ta waoodã, wall tɩ ta yibeoog sɩngrẽ ye. Afirik tẽns wʋsg pʋsẽ, b wilgame tɩ yaa tɩlae tɩ b ning koom tʋʋlg zĩig ning sẽn zemse, bala kʋɩlgã sã n wat n sãamd pʋʋgã, koodã pa paamd ye. Baa ne a sẽn yit zĩig ning tɩ pemsemã yaa wʋsgo, b yeelame t'a tõe n zĩnda zĩig ning tɩ pemsemã yaa wʋsgo.

Yẽg-yã/Tigsi
B tõe n bĩngda kood sẽn yaa kood tɩ kaoos wʋsgo, hal tɩ kaoos kiis wʋsgo. Nand tɩ yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã ta, b ra tʋmda ne nug n tigsd koodã. Nebã ne rũmsã ra tʋmda tʋʋm-kãense, baa b sẽn da na n wʋk koodã ne nug la b wãb-a. Yʋʋmd 1890 n tãag yʋʋmd 1970 wã sʋka, koodã tigsg tɛknolozi wã paasame wʋsgo. Rũndã-rũndã, b ket n tũnugda ne teknolozi kãensã fãa, sẽn sɩng ne nug n tigsd n tãag ne mobill sẽn na yɩl n tigs tɩ zemse, tɩ zems ne pʋʋg a yembr fãa raabo, baa ne mobillã sẽn na yɩl n tigs tɩ zemse wã sẽn tar pãng n yɩɩd wã, bala b tara ligd sẽn yaa naana n yɩɩda, b sã n dɩk-b n tall n maan tʋʋm-kãsemse.https://books.google.com/books?id=eDJ3NjHh8H8C&pg=PA802

Nand tɩ Dũni gill zabr a yiib-n-soabã sɩnge, b ra tigsda kood wʋsg Etazĩni. Woto ra baoodame tɩ tʋm-tʋmdb wʋsg zĩnd ne taab n maan bũmb a taaba (rɩk-rɩk bɩ b sẽn na n pukd bõn-buudã). Sẽn sɩng ne yʋʋmd 1890 wã, masĩn-dãmb kẽer wa n tõe n maan tɩ b tʋʋmdã yɩ sõma, wala makre, masĩn-dãmb sẽn tar sor a ye la a yiib (sẽn yãkd koodã n basd tɩ b ningd-a wã) la masĩn-dãmb sẽn maand tɩ koodã paadẽ.https://books.google.com/books?id=SENOAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT114https://web.archive.org/web/20210602220217/https://www.uaex.edu/publications/PDF/FSA-1072.pdf

Tʋʋmde
Ned rɩɩb
Burkĩna ne burkĩna yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma dũniyã zĩis wʋsg pʋsẽ. B tũnugda ne koodã n yiisd bĩisim, tɩ yaa bũmb b sẽn nong n dɩt zagsẽ wã, la rɩɩb wʋsg b sẽn maand ne tʋʋm teedã. B tõe n maana koom-koglgã ne koom-koglgã, n ning-a koom-koglgã pʋgẽ, n ning-a koom-koglgã pʋgẽ. Burã sẽn yaa rãam sẽn yit koodẽ wã yaa Burbon wiski. B tũnugda ne kood-bɩll n maand bur la rɩɩb a taab b sẽn dɩta.

Pĩnd wẽndẽ wã, Mesoameriik pagbã ra tũnugda ne metate n maand kood n lebg zũud sẽn yaa zũud n kõt rɩɩb sẽn tar kalori n yɩɩd popcorn. B sẽn wa n wa maan bũmb a taab n na n kogl koodã, b sɩngame n dɩt koodã ne fɩtɩlã. Baa ne tom sẽn tar niacin sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgã, a ra pa tõe n paam-a ye. Maya nebã ra tũnugda ne nixtamal rɩɩb n maan porridges la tamales buud toor-toore. 139] Rẽ poore, b ra tũnugda ne yel-bũndã n segend kood sẽn na yɩl n kõ-b rɩɩbo. [ seb-neng sẽn yaa tɩlae ]

Koodã yaa Meksik rɩɩb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgo. Masa wã yaa bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maand tortillasã, atole wã, la rɩɩb a taab wʋsg sẽn be Etazĩni. A yaa kood tortilli, tamales, pozole, atole la rɩɩb nins fãa b sẽn maand ne-bã, wala tacos, quesadillas, chilaquiles, enchiladas, tostadas la bũmb a taab wʋsgo. Mexique wã, b getame tɩ koodã bugum yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma

B tõe n tigsa koodã n dɩ-a me, a sã n ket n pa bɩɩme. Sẽn na yɩl tɩ koodã lebg sõma, yaa tɩlɛ tɩ b wa yũ-a. B nong n wãbda kood sẽn yaa sũ-noog buud sẽn tar sũ-noog wʋsgo, la sẽn pa tar sɩt wʋsg ye.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maize#cite_note-139

Rɩt la rũms rɩɩb

Koodã yaa kood sẽn yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma, la rũmsã rɩɩb me. B rɩlgda rũmsã ne manesem toɛy-toɛyã. B sã n dɩkd-a n kood koodã, b rɩkd-a lame n kõ rũmsã. Naoor wʋsgo, b kogend-b-la ne koodã, tɩ b tõe n tall-b n bĩng kaagrã pʋgẽ. Rɩk-n-taag ning sẽn dɩt rũmdã tõe n yiisa rũmsa, n da-b raagẽ, bɩ a tõe n dɩ-b lame. B sã n dɩk bõn-buudã n kõ rũmsã, b tõe n dɩka tɩɩg ning sẽn ketã n kõ-b rɩɩbo, n kõ-b tɩ b gãand-ba, wall n maneg b zĩiga. B sã n dɩkd koodã fãa n dɩt rɩɩbo, b nong n kɛɛgd-a-la wakat a ye n ningd-a-la be, bala, a sã n da be be, a pa tõe n dig ye. Tɩɩm sẽn yaa bũmbu, yaa bõn-buud sẽn tar yõod n yɩɩd bũmbu. Nand tɩ b wa tũnugd ne koodã n ningd koodã zĩig fãa, b ra wae n tigsda koodã n ningd-b zĩ-rãmb pʋsẽ, n yaool n kʋɩlgd-ba. Rẽ poore, b ra bĩngd-a-la koglg pʋgẽ, n yaool n kõ rũmsã rɩɩbo. Rũndã-rũndã, pa b sẽn ningd-b koodã bal n tõe n ning-b ye. La zĩis nins sẽn be sa-sobendã, b tõe n tigsa koodã yʋʋmd tõr pʋgẽ, n dɩl-a n yɩ rɩɩbohttps://www.feedipedia.org/node/13883https://www.feedipedia.org/node/358

 Bãngr-gomdã la b bãngrã 
Bãagã sẽn yaa wa b sẽn boond tɩ bẽedã yaa b sẽn tar n tar n tar a sẽn yaa n tar n ta mĩnd a ye.51 A sãnemã yaa internood 20 la a kaoosd cm 18 la a yaa a to. A sãnemdã yita noodã pʋgẽ, n be a zug n zab ne a taaba, la a tara a pʋ-tẽer n yaa a pʋ-peelem. Bãagã zugẽ, b yaa b sẽn tar tɩ b yaa b yaab-rãmba, la b yaa b kambã la b yaa a kambã.52 53 54

Pollenã yaa anemophilus (rɩt sẽn tar pãng n tar-a wã), la a sẽn yaa a sẽn maand n pa tar pãng n maandẽ wã yĩnga, pollen wʋsg lʋɩtame metr a wãn n kolg n pa beẽ wã ye. [55] 56

B sẽn boond tɩ b "grã-rɩtgã" yaa b sẽn boond tɩ "grãr-rɩta" wã. B sẽn boond b tɩ b "greetgã" yaa "grãrã-rɩtã" sẽn yaa b "grɩtgã".

B sẽn boond tɩ silk wã, b yitda ne sãnem-paalã sẽn be tʋb noorẽ wã. B yaa sãnem-biis sẽn yaa yĩn-bil n yaa samd sẽn yaa ne samd sẽn wõnd samd a yembr. A sã n wa tar a biisã, a sã n wa naag ne a bõn-buudã, b boond-a lame t'a karyopsi. A sã n yaa bõn-buud sẽn tar bõn-buudu, a yaa bõn-naandg sẽn yaa wa b sẽn boond tɩ bẽedã. A sã n wa tar a bugum, a tõe n paama a bugum sẽn yaa pemsem, la a sã n wa paam a bugum n lebg bugum, b tõe n paama bugum sẽn yɩɩd a bugum. A pa tar koodã sẽn tar proteẽ wã ye, la rẽ n kɩt t'a maand bũmbu, tɩ b pa tõe n dɩd-a ye. A sã n wa yaa wa a sẽn yaa bi-bɩɩg bɩ a sã n wa n yaa wa a yaa wa a ye, a tõe n dɩka a wʋmbã n kõ a ye.

Sẽn yaa to-to wã, b sẽn naan n naan n naan b koodã, b naan n naan tɩ b naan n tɩge.[60]

Bãagã yaa bõn-vɩɩs sẽn maand daar bilf sẽn yaa toor ne b sẽn datã, la b zẽkda b zẽed daar bilf sẽn yɩɩd °C 10 (F). Bãagbã sẽn be zĩig ning b sẽn dat n zẽkd b zẽedã, b bee daar zãnda. Bãag-kãagã sẽn yaa to-to wã kɩtame tɩ b tõog n tall rasem wʋsg n yaool n wa rɩt n kõ-b tɩ b yãk-a.

DIMBOA yaa hydroxamic acid (b sẽn boond tɩ benzoxazinoid) sull a ye sẽn yaa koglg sẽn yaa toor ne bõn-naadb buud toor-toor sẽn tar kʋdmã, n paas bugs-wẽns la fõnd sẽn wat ne bãaga. DIMBOa leb n beedẽ ne bõn-kʋdmã, sẽn yɩɩd fãa, koodẽ. DIMboa sẽn pa tar DIMBO A wã yaa wa bõn-kʋdã la fõnda sẽn namsdẽ. Dimboa leb n yaa sẽn maand tɩ b tõe n wa tõog n zab ne a ye. DIMBoa yaa sẽn pa tar-a ye.[61] [62]

A yẽgã sẽn pa tar pãng yĩnga, a yaa wa sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãsengã yĩnga, a pa tol n tõe n deeg zĩm nins sẽn tar nafa wã ye, la a tõe n paama sobg sẽn yaa kãsenga. [64][65]

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