ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ

ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ, ꯊꯃꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯡꯕ, ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ ꯆꯦꯟꯕ, ꯄꯣꯛꯄ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯨꯃꯦꯔꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯑꯛꯀꯥꯗꯤꯌꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯍꯤꯠꯇꯥꯏꯠ ꯁꯧꯁꯀꯥ, ꯐꯣꯏꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯥꯏꯠ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯀꯌꯥꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯋꯥꯏꯔꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯚꯤꯅꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯎꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯔꯅꯤ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ (ꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯅꯥꯏꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ)ꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯕꯤꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯍꯝꯃꯨꯔꯥꯕꯤꯅ (ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯷꯹꯲-꯱꯷꯵꯰)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯔꯥꯀꯣꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯦ ꯏꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯊꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ, ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯤꯇ꯭ꯔꯪ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯅꯟꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯑꯦꯟꯂꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯨꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯟꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯎꯇꯨ/ꯁꯃꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯦ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯣꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯈꯔꯗ (ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁ, ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯨ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜ꯭ꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ), ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯤꯔꯣ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯦꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫Black, J. & Green, A. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. University of Texas Press, 1992.Crompton, L. Homosexuality and Civilization. Belknap Press: An Imprint of Harvard University Press, 2006.Wolkstein, D. & Kramer, S. N. Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth. Harper Perennial, 1983.Kriwaczek, P. Babylon: Mesopotamia and the Birth of Civilization. St. Martin's Griffin, 2012.

 ꯋꯥꯔꯤ 

ꯑꯛꯀꯥꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯒꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯛꯀꯥꯗꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯄꯨꯔꯣꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯟꯍꯦꯗꯨꯑꯟꯅꯥ (ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯲꯸꯵-꯲꯲꯵꯰)ꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ, ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯃꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ-ꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯒꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯨꯂꯨꯞꯄꯨ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ (ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ), ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ (ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯍ - ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯎꯔꯨꯛ ꯁꯍꯔꯗ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯏ), ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯨꯃꯨꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪ (ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ-ꯂꯥꯏꯒ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ),  ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯗꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯟ꯭ꯇ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ (ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯹꯰꯰-꯱꯶꯰꯰)ꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯅꯤꯅ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜꯗꯇ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯗ ꯑꯇꯦꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯟꯍꯦꯗꯨꯑꯟꯅꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯔꯨꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯕꯥꯡꯕꯤꯕ: ꯏꯟꯅꯤꯟꯁꯥꯒꯨꯔꯔꯥ, ꯅꯤꯟꯃꯦꯁꯥꯔꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯤꯟꯃꯦꯍꯨꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯇꯨꯅ ꯏꯈꯤꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯡꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ 'ꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ-ꯍꯥꯔ꯭ꯇꯦꯗ ꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ', ꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯥꯜꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ', ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 'ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯁꯣꯝ ꯄꯥꯋꯔꯁ' ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯗ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯂꯥꯏ. ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯨꯂꯨꯞꯄꯨ ꯎꯄꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯎꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ: ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯇꯤꯟ-ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯎꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯎꯇꯨ/ꯁꯃꯥꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯎꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯕ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯔꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯇꯤꯟ-ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯦ꯫ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯉꯣꯟꯗ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ) ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯐꯪꯅꯕ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜꯗꯇ ꯆꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ (ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁ, ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯨ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜꯗꯇ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯇ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫
ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯁꯨꯃꯦꯔꯤꯌꯟ/ꯕꯦꯕꯤꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁ (ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯷꯰꯰ - ꯱꯴꯰꯰)ꯗ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯅ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯏꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯑꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯗ ꯖꯖꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯁꯇ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ, ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯒ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯐꯖꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯊꯥꯖꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅ ꯈꯪꯉꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯅ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫
ꯗ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯇ, ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ, ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯄ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯄꯨ ꯅꯝꯊꯥꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯥꯈꯤꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯔꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯦ ꯏꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕ, ꯒꯨꯒꯨꯂꯥꯅꯥ (ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯕ)ꯕꯨ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯒꯨꯒꯨꯂꯥꯅꯥꯕꯨ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯥꯠꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯅꯤꯡꯗꯕ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯒꯤꯜꯒꯥꯃꯦꯁꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ-ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯄꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
 ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ 

ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ 'ꯁꯥ-ꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ'ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯧꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ, ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯗ, ꯂꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯣꯜꯗ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ (ꯃꯤꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯔꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯇꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯦꯊꯦꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯀꯤꯒꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯗꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔꯒ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ ꯆꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯔꯁꯦꯐꯣꯟꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯕ-ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ-ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯖꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯅꯤ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ, ꯀꯤꯍꯟꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯅꯝꯊꯥꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ, ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯏꯅꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯅꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯟꯀꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤꯒꯜ (ꯂꯩꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯦꯅꯤ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯎꯇꯨ/ꯁꯃꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯦ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯣꯛꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯏꯁꯀꯨꯔ (ꯑꯗꯥꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯦꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯟꯂꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯗꯨꯃꯨꯖꯤ - ꯗ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯟ꯭ꯇ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕ- ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯝꯃꯨꯖꯇ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯦꯟꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯀ꯭ꯋꯤꯅꯣꯛꯁꯇ, ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯏꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯨꯃꯨꯖꯤ (ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯝꯃꯨꯖ)ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜꯗꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ,  ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯍꯟꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯨꯃꯨꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ ꯆꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗ (ꯕꯦꯕꯤꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯀꯤꯇꯨ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯒꯨꯝꯕ) ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯒꯜꯂꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯛꯇꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯣꯃꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯈꯤ꯫

 ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ 

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯥꯏ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ