ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯀꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ

ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯀꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ) ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯅ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯅꯤ ꯫https://mastec.nic.in/archaeological-evidences.htmlhttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_1http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_2http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_3http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_4http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5

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ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯧ ꯂꯩꯈꯣꯠ (archaeological work) ꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯦꯡꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣ. ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯧ-ꯂꯩꯈꯣꯠ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧ ꯄꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯠ-ꯂꯩꯇꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯗꯦ ꯫https://mastec.nic.in/archaeological-evidences.htmlhttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_2https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2019/8/28/11-The-geomorphology-of-the-Manipur-valley-profile-shows-gradual-sloping-in-elevation-from-west-to-east-direction-on-one-hand-and-north-to-south-direction-on-the-other-And-there-is-credible-evidenc.htmlhttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_1
ꯑꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯢ: "ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯀꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯅ 
ꯂꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯅ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇ ꯈꯨꯟꯇꯥꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯀꯨꯝꯊꯔꯛꯄꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯴꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯢꯒꯅꯤ ꯫"https://mastec.nic.in/archaeological-evidences.htmlhttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_2 ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯳ ꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫

ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ
ꯄꯦꯂꯤꯌꯣꯂꯤꯊꯤꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯱ꯟꯕ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯃꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯩ ꯫  ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀ ꯌꯨꯝꯊꯪꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯋꯥ (ꯃꯌꯥꯟꯃꯥꯔ),  ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ (lower Paleolithic culture) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯷꯵꯰꯰꯰꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯷꯵꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ Homo erectus (ꯑꯉꯟꯕ Anyathian ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ) ꯑꯁꯤ Ayeyawaddy river ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯷꯵꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_2
ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯵ꯂꯩꯔꯦ, ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- ꯁꯣꯡꯕꯨ, ꯈꯥꯡꯈꯨꯏ, ꯃꯆꯤ (ꯂꯝ), ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯡꯇꯝꯅꯤ ꯫
 ꯁꯣꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯩꯈꯨꯟ - ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯸꯳ꯗ, ꯅꯨꯡꯖꯥꯎ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯲ ꯁꯨꯏ, ꯀꯣꯔ ꯇꯨꯜꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯨꯜꯁꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯨꯜꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ (꯷꯷.꯷℅)ꯅꯤ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯇꯨꯜꯁ (꯲꯲.꯲℅) ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯂꯤ ꯫  ꯁꯣꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ middle Paleolithic ꯃꯇꯝ ꯗꯅꯤ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=MiHhNkvrWvwC&pg=PA21&dq=songbu+cave&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjvo4CYrZLxAhWxzDgGHQI1B4QQ6AEwBnoECAsQAw#v=onepage&q=songbu%20Palaeolithic&f=falsehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=kbu_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13&dq=songbu+cave&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjvo4CYrZLxAhWxzDgGHQI1B4QQ6AEwBXoECAgQAw#v=onepage&q=songbu%20cave&f=falsehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=GP9_AAAAMAAJ&dq=songbu+cave&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=songbu+Palaeolithichttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_2https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8DVuAAAAMAAJ&dq=songbu+cave&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=songbu+Palaeolithic ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- (1) Flake - 1, (2) Knife - 1, (3) Blade Hake - 3, (4) Point - 1, (5) Borer scrapper - 1, (6) Hand axe - 1, (7) Spilt pebbles - 1.
 ꯈꯥꯡꯈꯨꯏ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ - ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ limestone Cretaceous ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯹꯶꯹ꯗ ꯈꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯴ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯥꯢꯗ ꯲-꯲ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫  ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯱ꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯥꯢꯗ,ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯴ꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯥꯢꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫  stalactite ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯟꯊꯔꯛꯏ ꯫ 1969-1972 ꯗ ꯇꯧꯊꯣꯛ ꯈꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯂꯦꯞꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯲ ꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ limestone ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ (96.4℅) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ sandstone ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ (2.2℅) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ Cervus, Sus ꯑꯃꯗꯤ Bovines ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯵,꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ T.C. Sharma ꯅꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯗꯤ Upper ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ Late Paleolithic ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯇꯧꯅꯤ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DPWGpVvBvx8C&pg=PA25&dq=khangkhui+Paleolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwid5ciKr5LxAhU_zzgGHfBHAWAQ6AEwBXoECAcQAw#v=onepage&q=khangkhui%20Paleolithic&f=falsehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=reuQbFK9Rz4C&pg=PA26&dq=khangkhui+Paleolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwid5ciKr5LxAhU_zzgGHfBHAWAQ6AEwAXoECAgQAw#v=onepage&q=khangkhui%20Paleolithic&f=falsehttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_3
 ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ - ꯱꯹꯸꯲-꯱꯹꯸꯴ꯗ ꯈꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DHCGN-Xu7YIC&pg=PA18&dq=nongpok+Keithelmanbi+Paleolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi418mwsJLxAhUUyjgGHbESAKAQ6AEwAnoECAQQAw#v=onepage&q=nongpok%20Keithelmanbi%20Palaeolithic&f=falsehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=QQWMc7_qj4kC&pg=PA145&dq=nongpok+Keithelmanbi+Paleolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi418mwsJLxAhUUyjgGHbESAKAQ6AEwCHoECAYQAw#v=onepage&q=nongpok%20Keithelmanbi%20Palaeolithic&f=false ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯳ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯱ꯟꯕ (Mesolithic), ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ (Paleolithic) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ (Paleolithic) ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ Upper or Late Paleolithic period ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=W8gbAQAAMAAJ&dq=nongpok+Keithelmanbi+Paleolithic&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=nongpok+Keithelmanbi+Palaeolithic ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ Quartzitic sandstone pebbles ꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ chert ꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=kbu_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13&dq=nongpok+Keithelmanbi+Paleolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi418mwsJLxAhUUyjgGHbESAKAQ6AEwBHoECAMQAw#v=onepage&q=nongpok%20Keithelmanbi%20Paleolithic&f=falsehttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_3
 ꯁꯤꯡꯇꯣꯝ - ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯗ ꯱꯹꯸꯹ꯗ ꯈꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯱꯶ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- (1) hand axe, (2) work flat pebble with round edge, (3) flaked pebbles, (4) blade, (5) flake, (6) pebble striker, (7) split pebble, (8) waste flake. ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯁꯤ Quartzitic sandstone ꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ ꯫http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_3https://books.google.co.in/books?id=W8gbAQAAMAAJ&q=singtom+Palaeolithic&dq=singtom+Palaeolithic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwilzdj4tZLxAhW-qksFHcuWCcAQ6AEwA3oECAwQAw
 ꯃꯆꯤ (ꯂꯝ) - ꯱꯹꯷꯴ꯗ ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤꯅ ꯇꯦꯡꯅꯧꯄꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ)ꯗ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=BGaBAAAAMAAJ&q=machi+Palaeolithic+tengnoupal&dq=machi+Palaeolithic+tengnoupal&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7vOa6t5LxAhWwlEsFHWebDiYQ6AEwA3oECAQQAwhttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=uFg8AAAAMAAJ&q=machi+Palaeolithic+tengnoupal&dq=machi+Palaeolithic+tengnoupal&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7vOa6t5LxAhWwlEsFHWebDiYQ6AEwAnoECAkQAwhttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=BGaBAAAAMAAJ&q=machi+Palaeolithic+Manipur&dq=machi+Palaeolithic+Manipur&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjJ0qP8tpLxAhWayjgGHSl2B1IQ6AEwA3oECAQQAwhttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_3https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-CzSQKVmveUC&pg=PA393&dq=machi+Palaeolithic+tengnoupal&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7vOa6t5LxAhWwlEsFHWebDiYQ6AEwBHoECAYQAw#v=onepage&q=machi%20Palaeolithic%20tengnoupal&f=false

 ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ 
ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ (ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯂꯤꯊꯤꯛ, ꯍꯣꯑꯥꯕꯤꯟꯍꯤꯌꯥꯟ, Mesolithic period, Hoabinhian period ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ post Paleolithic period ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ pre Neolithic period) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯲ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯊꯥꯔꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=GP9_AAAAMAAJ&dq=tharon+cave+mesolithic&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=tharon+mesolithichttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_4
 ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ - ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯱ꯟꯕ, ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯱ꯟꯕꯒꯤꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯑꯀꯣꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤꯅꯤ ꯫  ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ Quartzitic sandstone ꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯷꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- (1) Chisel edge pebble tools, (2) Round edge pebble tools, (3) Pebble pick, (4) Scrapper, (5) Blade, (6) Split pebble, (7) Pebble with batter marks, (8) Pebble with ground faces, (9) Flake and (10) Manu port. ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯄ ꯆꯍꯤ 4460+-120 ꯃꯨꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯤ ꯫http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_4
 ꯊꯥꯔꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ - ꯱꯹꯷꯹ꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯊꯤ ꯍꯨꯝꯕ ꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ State Archeology Department Government of Manipur ꯅ ꯱꯹꯸꯹ꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯀ ꯊꯤ ꯍꯨꯝꯕ ꯗ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯵ ꯐꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯳꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- (1) Chopping tools, (2) Hand adze, (3) Hand axe, (4) Pointed tools, (5) Scrapper, (6) Edge ground knife, (7) Quern, (8) Grinder, (9) twenty five ꯃꯆꯥ ꯈꯥꯢꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=GP9_AAAAMAAJ&dq=tharon+cave+mesolithic&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=tharon+mesolithichttp://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_4

 ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ 
ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯢꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯊꯦꯡꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯅꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯴ ꯂꯩ ꯫http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264901065_Dikshit_KN_and_Manjil_Hazarika_2012_%27The_Neolithic_cultures_of_Northeast_India_and_adjoining_regions_A_comparative_study%27_Journal_of_Indian_Ocean_Archaeology_7_98-148#pf6
ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- (꯱) ꯅꯥꯄꯆꯤꯛhttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=4FOBAAAAMAAJ&q=napachik&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM6PDIqpLxAhXlzjgGHRH5AtUQ6AEwA3oECAYQAw, (꯲) ꯂꯥꯢꯃꯅꯥꯢhttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=4FOBAAAAMAAJ&dq=napachik&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Laimanai, (꯳) ꯐꯨꯅꯥꯟhttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=4FOBAAAAMAAJ&dq=napachik&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Phunan, (꯴) ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4FOBAAAAMAAJ&dq=napachik&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Nongpok
 ꯅꯥꯄꯥꯆꯤꯛ - ꯋꯥꯡꯉꯨ ꯈꯨꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯥꯄꯥꯆꯤꯛ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯇꯧꯊꯣꯛ ꯈꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯱꯱꯶ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-CzSQKVmveUC&pg=PA393&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM6PDIqpLxAhXlzjgGHRH5AtUQ6AEwAnoECAsQAw#v=onepage&q=napachik&f=falsehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=U3NuAAAAMAAJ&q=napachik&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM6PDIqpLxAhXlzjgGHRH5AtUQ6AEwAXoECAUQAwhttps://www.researchgate.net/figure/Stratigraphy-of-Napachik-excavation-1985-after-Singh-1997-68_fig11_264901065https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Pottery-from-excavation-at-Napachik-Manipur-after-Singh-1993_fig12_264901065https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Tripod-ware-legs-from-Napachik-after-Singh-1997-75_fig14_264901065http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5
 ꯂꯥꯏꯃꯥꯅꯥꯏ - ꯱꯹꯹꯰ꯗ ꯇꯧꯊꯣꯛ ꯈꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯷꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Corded-Tripod-wares-from-Laimanai-after-Singh-1997-77_fig13_264901065http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5
 ꯐꯨꯅꯥꯟ - ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ, ꯱꯹꯶꯷ꯗ ꯀꯥꯕꯣꯛ ꯀꯥꯕꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯊꯣꯛ ꯈꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯈꯔ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯊꯤ ꯍꯨꯝꯕ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯫https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Surface-collection-Corded-ware-from-Phunan-hills-Manipur-after-Singh-1993_fig8_264901065https://www.researchgate.net/figure/10-Surface-collection-from-Phunan-hills-Manipur-after-Singh-1993_fig9_264901065http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5
 ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ - ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯐꯪꯕꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛꯁꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ corded wares ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ill fired potteries ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Pottery-from-excavation-at-Nongpok-Keithelmanbi-Manipur-after-Singh-1993_fig10_264901065http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Emergence_Of_Manipur_As_A_Nation_State_Pre_historic_Manipur_Part_5

 ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ 

 ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛ 
 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IIB1HAAACAAJ&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ

 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aFluAAAAMAAJ&q=napachik&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM6PDIqpLxAhXlzjgGHRH5AtUQ6AEwBnoECAwQAw
 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=kbu_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13&dq=napachik&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM6PDIqpLxAhXlzjgGHRH5AtUQ6AEwBHoECAQQAw#v=onepage&q=napachik&f=false
 https://docplayer.net/52749622-Prehistoric-archaelogy-course-name-prehistory-paper-no-title-b-a-b-sc-honours-5-th-semester-theory-topic-no-title.html
 https://fdocuments.in/document/cord-impressed-pottery-in-neolithic-chalcolithic-context-of-eastern-.html 
 https://www.livehistoryindia.com/story/history-of-india-2000-years/north-east-india-a-neolithic-enigma/?amp=1
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264901065_Dikshit_KN_and_Manjil_Hazarika_2012_'The_Neolithic_cultures_of_Northeast_India_and_adjoining_regions_A_comparative_study'_Journal_of_Indian_Ocean_Archaeology_7_98-148
 http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=travel.Introduction_to_Manipur.Manipur_South_The_Earliest_Archaeological_Site
 http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=features.Interview_of_Manipuri_Personalities.Digging_up_Manipur_archaeological_past_interaction_with_OK_Singh_Part_1_By_Wahengbam_Pathou
 http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=features.Interview_of_Manipuri_Personalities.Digging_up_Manipur_archaeological_past_interaction_with_OK_Singh_Part_2_By_Wahengbam_Pathou
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_1
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_2
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_3
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_4
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_5
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_6
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_7
 http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Mutua_Bahadur_Art_Collection.Cultural_Heritage_Complex_8

ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ