ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ (ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫  ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ (ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯤꯖꯣꯔꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ, ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯇ ꯀꯣꯢꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤ.ꯃꯤ. ꯲꯲꯳꯲꯷ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯳ꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯃꯌꯥꯝ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯣꯟꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯅ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯵꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫Naorem Sanajaoba (editor), Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization, Volume 4, Chapter 1: NK Singh,  ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ, ꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ, ꯁꯥꯢꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯃꯥꯢꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯅꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ, ꯆꯠꯅꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯗꯣꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯖꯤꯟꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯢ ꯫Naorem Sanajaoba (editor), Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization, Volume 4, Chapter 4: K Murari, 

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯂꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ, ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯥꯟꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯫Naorem Sanajaoba (Editor), Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization, Volume 4, Chapter 2: NT Singh,  ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯱꯷ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯹꯳꯹ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ,  ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯇꯛꯁꯤꯟꯂꯝꯏ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯳꯰ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯒ ꯄꯨꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒ ꯄꯨꯟꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯂꯒ Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, , pp. 322–347 ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯥꯗ ꯵꯳ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯅꯥꯒꯥ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯲꯴ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯱꯶ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/ST.html. ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯟꯂꯣꯟꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ) ꯅ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫ ꯍꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯴꯱ ꯑꯣꯢ꯫http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/ST.html ꯍꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯆꯠ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ, ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ, ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ, ꯖꯨꯗꯥꯏꯁꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧ-ꯎꯕ, ꯎꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯅꯤ, ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯩ ꯁꯨꯡꯕ ꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯇꯩꯒ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯇꯩꯒ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯅ ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯒꯣꯢ ꯔꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞ ꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯤ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ, ꯁꯅꯥꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯐꯪꯉꯤ ꯫

ꯀꯪꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ "ꯀꯩꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ/ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ" ꯑꯣꯢꯕ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯅꯩꯅꯔꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ


ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅ ꯏꯁꯤꯟꯂꯤ (ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯏꯄꯥ ꯏꯄꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ) ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯟꯂꯕꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯂꯣꯟ, ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯕꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯨꯜ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯔꯝꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯆꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯏꯔꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯐꯨꯡꯒꯥ-ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯂꯤꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ, ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯄꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯕꯗꯤ ꯇꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯣꯡ, ꯄꯣꯢꯔꯩꯂꯝ, ꯁꯅꯥꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ, ꯃꯩꯇ꯭ꯔꯕꯥꯛ, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯀꯧꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯔꯕ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ, ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ, ꯇꯥꯡꯈꯨꯜ, ꯃꯔꯤꯡ, ꯀꯥꯕꯨꯏ, ꯆꯣꯊꯦ, ꯃꯥꯎ, ꯃꯔꯥꯝ, ꯄꯥꯎꯃꯩ, ꯂꯝꯀꯥꯡ, ꯀꯣꯝ, ꯊꯪꯒꯥꯜ, ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯥꯏ, ꯃꯥꯔ, ꯄꯥꯏꯇꯦ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯗꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ (ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯱꯰꯸ ꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯅ) ꯱꯹꯵꯵ ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. ꯐꯦꯎꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳꯵꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯕ (꯱꯵ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯨ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯱ꯟꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯇꯥꯡꯀꯛ ꯈꯔ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯱꯲꯹ ꯕꯤ.ꯁꯤ.- ꯴꯴ ꯕꯤ.ꯁꯤ. ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯇꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ 

ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ
ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯋꯥꯢꯔꯞ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯊꯪꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯨꯝꯄꯥꯟ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯊꯪꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯉꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯝ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫ 
ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯔꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ 
ꯃꯤꯇꯣꯞ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟꯆꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯏꯔꯝꯕ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯄꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛ, ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥꯃꯩ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ, ꯕꯥꯃꯣꯟ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥꯃꯩ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯡꯂꯥꯗꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯜꯍꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯉꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯐꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯐꯥꯍꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯈꯥꯀꯦꯝꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯛꯇꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯁꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯂꯤꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯔꯛꯇꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯉꯝꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯟꯇꯥꯛꯄ, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯆꯩꯊꯦꯡ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ

ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯸꯲꯴ ꯗ, ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯅ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯁꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯖꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯁꯣꯛꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯌꯧꯔꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯍꯧꯕꯗꯨꯅ ꯈꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎ ꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫

ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟꯁꯤꯟꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯄꯥꯢꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ 
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯀꯟ꯭ꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛ꯭ꯇ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯱꯹꯴꯷ (Manipur State Constitution Act of 1947) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄꯒ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯅ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯌꯥꯅꯈꯤ꯫[https://cadindia.clpr.org.in/historical_constitutions/manipur_state_constitution_act__1947_1st%20January%201947  Manipur State Constitution Act 1947 ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯕꯣꯙꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯅ ꯱꯹꯴꯹ꯗ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯣꯡꯗ instrument of accession ꯌꯥꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯈꯨꯠꯌꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯍꯟꯈꯤ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯹꯴꯹ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯊꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁꯂꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯂꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯗꯔꯦ꯫ 1956 ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯇꯦꯔꯔꯤꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ,  ꯑꯗꯨꯒ 1972 ꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯍꯟꯈꯤ꯫

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯔꯤꯛ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫"The mayhem in Manipur"  The Economist (1 March 2007)"Manipur, India - A safe house for dangerous men"  The Economist (9 March 2007) United National Liberation Front (UNLF) (1964) ꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯕꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯈꯥ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯣꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫

ꯂꯝꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯨꯃꯤꯠ

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯆꯨꯗ ꯲꯳°꯸꯳'N – ꯲꯵°꯶꯸'N ꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯣꯡꯒꯤꯆꯨꯗ ꯹꯳°꯰꯳'E – ꯹꯴°꯷꯸'E ꯇ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯅ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯝ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯅ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯒꯣꯛ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯏꯃꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ  ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗ ꯅꯦꯝꯊꯩ ꯫ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡ ꯄꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯌꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯏꯪꯒꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯳ꯅ ꯀꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯤꯓꯣꯔꯥꯝꯅ ꯈꯥꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯥꯟꯃꯥꯔ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ: ꯕꯔꯥꯛ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ, ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ, ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠꯇ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯥꯢ ꯫

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯲ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯅꯦꯄꯨ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯲ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯲ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯄꯨꯛ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫ 

ꯅꯥꯄꯤ-ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ
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ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯲ꯃꯛ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ, ꯍꯩ ꯂꯩ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯨꯅ,ꯁꯥꯠꯇꯨꯅꯇ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗ ꯋꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯢꯅ ꯍꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤ꯫ 
ꯂꯧꯎ ꯁꯤꯡꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯅ ꯐꯧ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫

ꯑꯌꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ
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ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯅ ꯅꯝꯕꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯏꯪ ꯂꯥꯎꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯷꯹꯰ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄ ꯅꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 
ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗꯅ ꯹꯳꯳ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯃꯦꯡꯂꯣꯡ ꯗꯅ ꯲꯶꯹꯳ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯩꯅꯕ

ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯲꯸,꯵꯵,꯷꯹꯴ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯵꯷.꯲% ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯦꯝꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯴꯲.꯸% ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯫ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯂꯕ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯳꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯌꯨꯝꯂꯤꯡꯉꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯦꯝꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ‍ꯅ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯌꯨꯝꯂꯤꯡꯏ꯫ 

 Demographics of Manipur (2011) ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ  ꯲,꯸꯵꯵,꯷꯹꯴ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ)   ꯱,꯴꯳꯸,꯵꯸꯶ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ (ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ)   ꯱,꯴꯱꯷,꯲꯰꯸ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱,꯷꯳꯶,꯲꯳꯶ Urban Population 834,154 Child Sex Ratio  936 female to 1000 male ꯑꯀꯨꯡꯕ (per km2) 115 ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ  ꯱,꯷꯶꯸,꯱꯸꯱ (꯸꯵.꯴%) Towns  33

ꯃꯤ
ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯰꯱ꯗ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯗ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫census 1901 

ꯅꯥꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯔꯨꯞ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯥꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯥꯜ, ꯂꯤꯌꯥꯡꯃꯩ, ꯃꯥꯎ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ, ꯃꯔꯥꯝ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ, ꯃꯔꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯨꯞ, ꯄꯧꯃꯥꯏ, ꯔꯣꯡꯃꯩ, ꯇꯥꯡꯈꯨꯜ, ꯓꯤꯃꯤ,ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13537113.2014.879768https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/103655/7/07_chapter%204.pdf

ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯂꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯁꯦꯟꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯣꯟꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯂꯨꯞ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯟ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯕꯧꯙ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ, ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯕꯥꯃꯣꯟ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯸ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯆꯜꯂꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯲꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ: ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ (1,522,132), ꯊꯥꯗꯧ ꯂꯣꯟ (223,779), ꯇꯥꯡꯈꯨꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ (183,509), ꯄꯧꯂꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ (135,349), ꯀꯕꯨꯢ ꯂꯣꯟ (ꯔꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯟꯄꯨꯢ ꯂꯣꯟ) (109,611), ꯃꯥꯎ ꯂꯣꯟ (89,011), ꯅꯦꯄꯥꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (63,756), ꯄꯥꯢꯇꯦ ꯂꯣꯟ (55,031), ꯍꯃꯥꯔ ꯂꯣꯟ (49,081), ꯂ꯭ꯌꯥꯡꯃꯥꯢ ꯂꯣꯟ (45,546), ꯚꯥꯢꯄꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ (39,902), ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯌꯥꯝ (37,805), ꯃꯔꯥꯝ ꯂꯣꯟ (32,098), ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (31,703), ꯕꯪꯒꯥꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (30,611), ꯑꯅꯥꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ (26,508), ꯓꯧ ꯂꯣꯟ (25,841), ꯃꯔꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ (25,657), ꯓꯦꯃꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (18,795), ꯀꯣꯝ ꯂꯣꯟ (14,528), ꯒꯥꯡꯇꯦ ꯂꯣꯟ (15,274), ꯆꯤꯔꯨ ꯂꯣꯟ (8,475), ꯈꯦꯓꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ (6,977), ꯃꯤꯖꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ (6,500), ), ꯖꯦꯂ꯭ꯌꯥꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ (2,727), ꯑꯁꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ (2,453), ꯃꯣꯟꯁꯥꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ (2,381), ꯗꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (1,853), ꯇꯃꯤꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ (1,657), ꯃꯔꯥꯊꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (1,583), ꯃꯂꯌꯥꯂꯝ (1,519), ꯄꯟꯖꯥꯕꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (1,370), ꯈꯥꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ (670), ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ (37,636) ꯅꯤ꯫http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html

ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯆꯠ

ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ

ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯆꯠ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ) ꯆꯠꯄ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯗ ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯟꯅꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯄꯨ ꯏꯂꯥꯠꯆꯄ, ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯆꯄꯇ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯑꯣꯢꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗ ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯝꯖꯕ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯎꯃꯪ, ꯋꯥꯃꯪ ꯌꯣꯛꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯎꯃꯪ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯝꯖꯕ, ꯏꯂꯥꯠꯆꯄ, ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯆꯄ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯲꯱ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯕꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯤ 233,767 ꯃꯨꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ 222,315 ꯁꯨꯔꯦ꯫
ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ
ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯜꯂꯞꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯴꯱.꯳꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ, ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯗꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇꯤꯑꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ
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ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯟ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯜꯂꯞꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯴꯱.꯲꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯅ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯹ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯂꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯲꯰ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯂꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯂꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯟ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫

 ꯏꯁꯂꯥꯝ 
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯃꯨꯁꯂꯤꯝ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯸.꯳ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯨꯐꯤ ꯏꯁꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯁꯥꯍ ꯖꯂꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯟ ꯑꯜ ꯃꯨꯖꯥꯔꯔꯗ ꯑꯜ ꯇꯔꯛ ꯑꯜ ꯅꯛꯁꯕꯟꯗꯤ ꯅ ꯁꯤꯜꯍꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯱꯶꯰꯹ ꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯟꯅꯤ ꯏꯁꯂꯥꯝ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯂꯨꯞꯇ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯐꯝꯊꯧ ꯶꯰ꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯐꯝ ꯱꯹ꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯕꯨꯔꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯝ ꯱ꯅ ꯆꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯲ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯥꯚꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯱ꯁꯨ ꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌ ꯁꯚꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫Manipur Government , Govt of India ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯈꯟꯈꯤꯕꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯥꯏꯒꯅꯤ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯵ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯒ ꯃꯤꯈꯜ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯦꯞ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯔꯒ, ꯃꯤꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯀꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯫ECI Manipur , Govt of India

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯁ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯱ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯍꯧ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯥꯡ ꯈꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯨꯕꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔ ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯂꯨꯞ ꯈꯔ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯈꯔ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ, ꯅꯥꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯳ꯗꯒꯤꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ ꯫ 
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯜꯍꯧꯂꯨꯞ ꯈꯔ ꯗꯤ UNLF, PLA, PREPAK, Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Kanba Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), Manipur Naga People Front (MNPF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), United Kuki Liberation Front (UKLF), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), ꯑꯃꯗꯤ Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC) ꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯢꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯥꯒꯥ ꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯐꯅꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯤꯝ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯢꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯗꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯁꯨꯛꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯤꯡꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯅꯗꯕꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯗ ꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯉꯝꯗꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫

ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟ
꯲꯰꯱꯲-꯱꯳ꯒꯤ gross state domestic product ꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ 10188 ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯔ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ ꯫State wise : Population, GSDP, Per Capita Income and Growth Rate  Planning Commission, Govt of India; See third table 2011-2012 fiscal year, 16th row ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯂꯧꯎ ꯁꯤꯡꯎ, ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ, ꯂꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯗ ꯃꯄꯥꯜ ꯇꯥꯡꯏ ꯫G. Hiamguanglung Gonmei, "Hills Economy of Manipur: A Structural Change", Journal of North East India Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1, January–June 2013, pp. 61–73 ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯅ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯒꯤ "Gateway to the East" ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯣꯔꯦ ꯐꯥꯎꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯃꯨ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯁꯤꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯒꯁꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯅ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯢꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯍꯩꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯫"Manipur Economy - Snapshot"  IBEF

ꯃꯩ (ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ)
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯲꯰꯱꯰ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ 0.1 GWh ꯃꯨꯛ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯆꯕ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫Manipur Energy  Govt of Manipur ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯅ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯩ ꯁꯨꯡꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ 2 GWh ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯆꯕ ꯉꯝꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯲꯰꯱꯰ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯲꯴/꯷ ꯃꯩ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯝꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯣꯟꯈꯤ꯫

ꯂꯧꯎ ꯁꯤꯡꯎ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯏꯪ-ꯑꯁꯥ ꯐꯤꯐꯝ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ ꯐꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯐꯧ, ꯏꯁꯥ ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯊꯥꯕꯗ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯏꯐꯪ ꯐꯪꯗꯕ ꯑꯇꯥꯡꯕ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯝ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝꯁꯨ ꯍꯧꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯅꯂꯕꯗ ꯍꯩꯔꯤ, Cashew, ꯍꯩꯖꯨꯒꯥꯛ (Walnut), ꯀꯣꯝꯂꯥ, ꯆꯝꯄꯔꯥ, ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯝ, ꯑꯋꯥꯊꯕꯤ, ꯍꯩꯕꯤ, ꯍꯩꯔꯤꯠ, ꯂꯩꯄꯨꯡꯈꯥꯡ, ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯡꯈꯥ, ꯁꯤꯇꯥꯐꯣꯟ (Passion Fruit), ꯆꯨꯝꯕꯔꯩ, ꯃꯥꯜꯍꯩ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯩꯈꯥꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥ-ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯅ  ꯃꯨꯛ ꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯧꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯁꯥꯕꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ
ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤ, ꯀꯣꯜꯀꯇꯥ, ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯥꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯥꯒꯔꯇꯥꯂꯥꯗ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯊꯥꯛꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜ ꯳꯹ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯃꯥꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜ ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯊꯥꯡꯗꯅꯤ꯫ 

ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜ ꯵꯳ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯜꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯊꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫  ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯤꯐꯝ ꯐꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯲꯰꯱꯰ꯗ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯚꯤꯌꯦꯠꯅꯥꯝꯒ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ Trans-Asian Railway (TAR), ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕ
ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤ October ꯗꯒꯤ February ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯧ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ, ꯖꯒꯣꯢ, ꯁꯨꯝꯃꯥꯡ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ, ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯀꯌꯥꯁꯤꯅꯁꯨ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯁꯪꯕꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒ ꯊꯥꯀꯣꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯄꯟꯊꯥ ꯅꯥꯢꯅ ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯁꯤꯔꯨꯢ ꯂꯤꯂꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜꯗ, ꯖꯨꯀꯣ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯗ, ꯁꯉꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯒꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ (ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯣꯂꯣ) ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ 

ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ (ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ)
ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯇꯥꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝ ꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯲ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯹꯷ꯗ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯒꯦꯝꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯊꯠꯁꯤꯡ

ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯇ ꯉꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯑꯇꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯢ꯫ ꯁꯦꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯏꯊꯠꯇ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯡꯐꯝꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯇꯥꯎꯕ ꯏꯊꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯐꯨꯝꯗꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯐꯖꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ
ꯀꯥꯢꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯇꯁꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ
ꯀꯩꯄꯨꯜ ꯂꯝꯆꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯉꯥꯢ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯇꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯁꯖꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ ꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯇ ꯉꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯑꯇꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯢꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯗꯨ ꯆꯤꯔꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯢꯕꯤ, ꯂꯩꯃꯔꯥꯝ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯲꯰-꯳꯰ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ ꯀꯣꯌꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯖꯕ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ
ꯊꯥꯔꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ, ꯈꯥꯡꯈꯨꯢ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯀꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯟ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯗ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯇꯝꯐꯝꯁꯪ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯟꯅꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯄꯔꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯏ꯫ 10+2+3 ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯅꯤꯉꯥꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯇꯥꯢꯕꯪ ꯃꯍꯩꯀꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ Manipur University, Central Agricultural University, National Institute of Technology, Manipur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Manipur, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences ꯑꯃꯗꯤ Indira Gandhi National Tribal Universityꯅꯤ꯫ 

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯇꯥꯎꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯇꯝꯐꯝꯁꯪ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠꯇ ꯇꯥꯎꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ Loktak Elementary Floating School ꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ
ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯛ
ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯃꯥꯂꯪ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯜꯀꯥꯇ, ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯇꯤ, ꯅꯤꯎ ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤ, ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯥꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯒꯔꯇꯥꯂꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯍꯟꯂꯤ ꯫

ꯂꯝꯕꯤ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯪꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯋꯦꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ ꯫

ꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯔꯦꯜꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝꯗ ꯫

ꯏꯅꯥꯠ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯜꯍꯧꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯂꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ, ꯆꯠꯅꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯡ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ, ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ, ꯄꯦꯅꯥ ꯁꯩꯁꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤ ꯫ 

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ (ꯖꯒꯣꯢ ꯔꯥꯁ)

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ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯖꯒꯣꯢ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯖꯒꯣꯢ ꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯊꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯒꯣꯢ ꯸ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯔꯤꯄꯔꯆꯣꯢꯔ ꯊꯤꯌꯦꯇꯔ
ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯗ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯥꯅꯥ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕ

ꯃꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫Ved Prakash, Encyclopaedia of North-East India, Volume 4, , pp 1558-1561 ꯃꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯒ ꯁꯥꯟꯕꯁꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫Gurmeet Kanwal, Defenders of the Dawn, , pp 48Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, , pp 824-830

ꯌꯨꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫Indigenous games of Manipur  Govt of Manipur 

ꯎ ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯋꯨ ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯟꯅꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯅ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯣꯢ ꯷ꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯇꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯟ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯝꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 

ꯁꯒꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ
ꯁꯒꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯂꯕꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ꯫ 

ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯅꯋꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯕꯗ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯜ ꯍꯥꯕꯤ, ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯣꯛꯄꯤ, ꯆꯐꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ ꯀꯣꯌꯥꯗ ꯉꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫

ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔꯠꯁ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯂꯨꯏ-ꯉꯥꯏ-ꯅꯤ, ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯕ, ꯏꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ, ꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯍꯧꯆꯣꯡꯕ, ꯁꯤꯔꯨꯏ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ, ꯌꯥꯎꯁꯪ, ꯒꯥꯟ-ꯉꯥꯏ, ꯆꯨꯝꯐꯥ ꯍꯩꯀ꯭ꯔꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯣꯡꯕ, ꯏꯗ ꯑꯜ-ꯐꯤꯇꯔ, ꯏꯗ ꯑꯜ-ꯑꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯃꯥꯁ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯟꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯕꯥꯟꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯒ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯁꯉꯥꯏ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯲꯰꯱꯷ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯱꯰ꯅꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯉꯥꯏ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯖꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯇꯩꯗ ꯐꯪꯗꯔꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯣꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯗ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯂꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯝꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯇꯨꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯕꯨ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯕ
ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡꯒꯩ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯲ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯩ ꯫Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, , pp. 607–617 ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯟꯖ ꯱ ꯄꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯥꯝ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯂꯝꯂꯒ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯈꯔꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ ꯃꯈꯩꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥ, ꯃꯃꯥ, ꯃꯕꯨꯡ‍‍, ꯃꯧꯄꯥ, ꯃꯆꯦ, ꯃꯆꯜꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯟꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯐꯅ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯀꯨꯠ
ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯊꯥꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ,Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, , pp. 950–961G. K. Ghosh, Shukla Ghosh, Women of Manipur,  ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯨꯠ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯌꯥꯎꯁꯪ

ꯌꯥꯎꯁꯪ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯅꯤꯜ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯆꯧ ꯂꯧꯔꯦꯝꯕꯝ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥꯡꯊꯥꯕ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ ꯫Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, , pp. 629–632

ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ
ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯖꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯏ ꯫

ꯒꯥꯟ-ꯉꯥꯏ
ꯒꯥꯟ-ꯉꯥꯏ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯓꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯔꯣꯡ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯅꯤ. ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯵ꯅꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯄꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯱꯳ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ ꯫

ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ
 ꯍꯤꯖꯝ ꯏꯔꯥꯕꯣꯠ (꯱꯸꯹꯶-꯱꯹꯵꯱) - ꯂꯝꯌꯥꯟꯕ
 ꯏꯔꯣꯝ ꯆꯅꯨ ꯁꯔꯃꯤꯂꯥ (ꯄ ꯱꯹꯷꯲) - ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ

ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ 







ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯐꯁꯤꯡ

ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ

 Official Tourism Site of Manipur

ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ
 Manipur Encyclopædia Britannica entry



Category:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ
Category:ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ

 ꯃꯃꯤꯡ 

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ (ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ, ꯔꯣꯃꯟꯗ: maṇipura, ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ "ꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯖ꯭ꯋꯦꯂ꯭ꯁ") ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯙꯔꯃꯗ ꯑꯣꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯒꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯋꯥꯖ ꯅ ꯇꯔꯥꯅꯤꯟꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗ ꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯄꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯡꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯤꯄꯥꯛ, ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ, ꯙꯔꯅꯤ ꯁꯝꯍꯤꯇꯥ (꯱꯸꯲꯵-꯳꯴) ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕ ꯁꯟ꯭꯭ꯁ꯭꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫Gangmumei Kabui, History of Manipur, National Publishing House, Delhi, 1991.

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯅꯥꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯇ: ꯗ ꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒꯣꯜ꯭ꯗ) ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯅꯏꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯱ꯁꯨꯕ-꯱꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯪꯕꯤꯙꯥꯟ, ꯂꯣꯏꯌꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯌꯦꯟꯗ ꯄꯟꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯏꯁꯩ, "ꯁꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ" ꯗ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ ꯫