ഇന്ത്യൻ രൂപയുടെ നാണയങ്ങൾ

ഇന്ത്യൻ രൂപയുടെ നാണയങ്ങൾ ആദ്യം 1950- ൽ അച്ചടിക്കുകയുണ്ടായി. അതിനു ശേഷം വർഷം തോറും പുതിയ നാണയങ്ങൾ നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെടുകയും . ഇന്ന്, ₹ 1, ₹ 2, ₹ 5, ₹ 10 എന്നീ വിഭാഗങ്ങളിൽ നാണയങ്ങൾ പ്രചരിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്. കൊൽക്കത്ത, മുംബൈ, ഹൈദരാബാദ്, നോയ്ഡ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിലാണ് ഇവയെല്ലാം നിർമ്മിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്.

1947 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 15 മുതൽ 1950 ജനുവരി 26 വരെ ഉള്ള ഇന്ത്യൻ നാണയ ഘടന താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു. (bold അച്ചടിച്ച വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ)India - Currency, Weights and Measures, The Statesman's Year Book 1947, pg 133, Macmillan & Co.

Rupee and its fractionsഅണപൈസPies (demonetized after 1947)രൂപ16 അണ64 പൈസ192 piesHalf രൂപ8 അണ32 പൈസ96 piesQuarter രൂപ4 അണ16 പൈസ48 pies1/8 രൂപ2 അണ8 പൈസ24 pies1/16 രൂപ1 അണ4 പൈസ12 pies1/32 രൂപHalf അണ2 പൈസ6 pies1/64 രൂപ1/4 അണ1 പൈസ3 pies

ഇത് ഇന്ത്യൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കിന്റെ രൂപവത്കരണത്തിലേക്കുള്ള പരിവർത്തന കാലഘട്ടത്തിലെ കറൻസിയുടെ ക്രമീകരണങ്ങളെ പ്രതിനിധാനം ചെയ്തു.

റിപ്പബ്ളിക് ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ രൂപീകരണം വരെ 1947 നുശേഷം ഉപയോഗിച്ചിരുന്ന നാണയങ്ങൾ - പ്രീ ഡെസിമെലൈസേഷൻ സീരീസ് താഴെ പറയുന്നവയാണ്:
+George VI series (Independent India) (1947 - 1950)DenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverseOne രൂപ100pxനിക്കൽCircular28 mm1947Half രൂപ24 mm1946 - 1947Quarter രൂപ19 mm1946 - 19472 അണNickel - BrassSquare25.1 mm1945Copper - Nickel22 mm1946 - 19471 അണNickel - Brass12 Scalloped21 mm1945Copper - നിക്കൽ21 mm1946 - 19471/2 Anna 100px 100pxSquare19.7 mm1946 - 19471 Pice 100px 100pxBronzeCircular with a hole21.32 mm1943 - 1947

റിപ്പബ്ളിക് ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ  1950-1957 

1950 ജനുവരി 26 ന് ഇന്ത്യ ഒരു പരമാധികാര റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കായി മാറി. 1950 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 15-ന് ഈ പരമ്പര അവതരിപ്പിച്ചു. റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ആദ്യത്തെ നാണയത്തെ പ്രതിനിധാനം ചെയ്തു. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് കിങ് ചിത്രം മാറ്റി അശോകസ്തംഭത്തിന്റെയും സിംഹത്തിന്റെയും ചിഹ്നം സ്ഥാപിച്ചു .ഒരു രൂപ നാണയത്തിൽ ഒരു ധാന്യക്കതിർ മാറ്റി പകരം ടൈഗർ ആക്കി. ഇന്ത്യൻ മോട്ടിഫ്സ് മറ്റ് നാണയങ്ങളിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരുന്നു.കഴിഞ്ഞ പണവ്യവസ്ഥകളും പഴയ കറൻസി യൂണിറ്റുകളും മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ തുടരുകയാണ്.

+ Republic of India Pre-decimalization series (1950 - 1957) Denomination  Image Metal ShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse One Rupee  നിക്കൽCircular27.9 mm1950 - 1954 Half Rupee 24 mm1950 - 1956 Quarter രൂപ100px100px19 mm1950 - 1956 Two അണCupro-നിക്കൽSquare25.4 mm1950 - 1955 One അണ12 Scalloped21 mm1950 - 1955 Half അണ100px100pxSquare19.5 mm1950 - 1955 One പൈസBronzeCircular21 mm1950 - 1955

ഡെസിമലൈസേഷൻ

ഒരു നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലേറെയായി ദശവൽക്കരണത്തിലേക്കുള്ള നീക്കം നടന്നു. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, 1955 സെപ്തംബറിലായിരുന്നു ഇന്ത്യൻ കോയിൻയേജ് ആക്ട് ഭേദഗതി ചെയ്യാൻ മെട്രിക് സംവിധാനം നടപ്പാക്കി. 1957 ഏപ്രിൽ 1 മുതൽ ഈ നിയമം പ്രാബല്യത്തിൽ വന്നു. രൂപയുടെ മൂല്യവും നാമ പദവിയും രൂപയിൽ മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ തുടർന്നു. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, ഇപ്പോൾ അത് നൂറുകണക്കിന് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ പൈസയ്ക്ക് പകരം 100 പൈസയായി തിരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. 2011 ജൂൺ 30 മുതൽ പ്രാബല്യത്തിൽ വന്ന 25 പൈസയുടെയും അതിനു താഴെയുമുള്ള എല്ലാ നാണയങ്ങളും ഔദ്യോഗികമായി പ്രദർശിപ്പിച്ചിരുന്നു.Krause, Chester. Mishler, Clifford. "India-Republic," 2005 Standard Catalog of World Coins 1901-present, 32nd edition. Krause Publications. Iola, WI

Pre-decimal currency (1950-1957; minting ceased in 1955)Decimal currency replacement (1957–present)Decimal currency (dates minted)N/A10 രൂപ2006–presentN/A5 രൂപ1992–presentN/A2 രൂപ1982–presentരൂപരൂപ(divided into 100 new paisa 1957-1964; divided into 100 paisa 1964–present. 1962–presentHalf രൂപ50 പൈസ1960–presentQuarter രൂപ25 പൈസ1957-2002. Demonetized from 2011.N/A20 പൈസ1968-1994. Demonetized from 2011.2 അണ10 പൈസ1957-1998. Demonetized from 2011.അണ5 പൈസ1957-1994. Demonetized from 2011.N/A3 പൈസ1964-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.Half അണ2 പൈസ1957-1979; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.Piceപൈസ1957-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011, but retained as a unit of currency.

 കോയിൻ സീരീസ് 1957-present (decimal) 

 നയാ പൈസ സീരീസ് 1957–1963 

"പൈസ്" എന്ന പഴഞ്ചൻ പെർഫക്ഷൻ മാറി ബഹുവചനരൂപത്തിൽ "പൈസ" എന്ന പദം വന്നു. പൊതുജന അംഗീകാരത്തോടെ 1964 ജൂൺ 1 വരെ ആയിരുന്ന 'നയാ പൈസ' (പുതിയ പൈസ) മാറി പൈസ എന്ന പേരിൽ അറിയപ്പെട്ടു.. 50p, 25p, 10p, 5p, 2p, 1p എന്നീ നാണയങ്ങൾ ഒരു നാണയത്തിന്റെ മൂല്യം വിവരിക്കുന്ന ഐതിഹ്യത്തിലുള്ള ദേവനാഗരി ലിപിയിൽ മാറ്റി..

+Naya Paisa Series (1957 - 1963) Denomination  ImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse One രൂപനിക്കൽCircular28 mm1962 - 1974 Fifty Naye paisa 24 mm1957 - 1963 Twenty Five Naye paisa 19 mm1957 - 1963 Ten Naye paisa Cupro-നിക്കൽEight Scalloped23 mm (across scallops)1957 - 1963 Five Naye paisa Square22 mm (across corners)1957 - 1963 Two Naye paise100pxEight Scalloped18 mm (across scallops)1957 - 1963 One Naya Paisa  75px  75pxBronzeCircular16 mm1957 - 1962നിക്കൽ Brass1962 - 1963

 Paisa series I with Devanagari Legend 1964 onwards 

In June 1964, the term 'Naya' was dropped and the coins were reminted. The legend in Devanagari script explaining the value of coin in terms of fraction of a Rupee continued till it was finally dropped from the new design minted 1964 onwards. 
+Paisa Series I with Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1980s) Denomination  ImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse50 പൈസNickelCircular24 mm1964 - 197125 പൈസNickel19 mm1964 - 197210 paisa Copper Nickel8 Scalloped23 mm1964 - 1967Nickel Brass1968 - 19715 പൈസCopper നിക്കൽSquare22 mm1964 - 1966Aluminium1967 - 19712 പൈസCopper നിക്കൽ8 Scalloped18 mm19641 paisa     നിക്കൽ BrassCircular16 mm1964

 Series II without the Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1983) 

The coin minted from 1965 did not have the legend in Devanagari, explaining the value of the coin as a fraction of the rupee. Small denomination coins which were made of bronze, nickel-brass, cupro-nickel, and aluminium-bronze were gradually minted in aluminium.The first coin minted in such type was the 3 Paisa coin in 1964, which was a new denomination, and continued to be minted till 1971. One and Two paisa coins were changed to Aluminium and were minted without the Devanagari legend from 1965. 20 paisa coin was introduced in 1968, which continued to be minted till 1971.
+Series II without Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1983)DenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse1 രൂപCopper നിക്കൽCircular28 mm1975 - 198250 paisa 24 mm1972 - 19731974 - 198325 പൈസ19 mm1972 - 199020 paisa Nickel Brass22 mm1968 - 197110 പൈസAluminium12 Scalloped25.91 mm1971 - 19825 പൈസSquare22 mm1972 - 19843 പൈസHexagonal21 mm1964 - 19712 പൈസ8 Scalloped20 mm1965 - 19811 പൈസSquare17 mm1965 - 1981

 Series III 1982 Onwards 

From 1982, New series was launched. the 20 paisa coin which was last minted in 1971, was reintroduced again, but in Aluminium. The size and the design of 10 paisa, 50 paisa and 1 rupee was changed, though they continued to be minted in the same metal. Coins of 3p, 2p and 1p were discontinued but continued to be the legal tender.

DenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse1 രൂപCopper - നിക്കൽCircular26 mm1983 - 199150 പൈസ24 mm1984 - 199020 പൈസAluminiumHexagonal26 mm1982 - 199710 പൈസ8 Scalloped23 mm1983 - 19935 പൈസSquare22 mm1984 - 1994

 Series IV 1988 Onwards 

In Series IV, 5 paisa and 20 paisa coins were discontinued though they continued to be minted in Series III till 1994 and 1997 respectively. 10 paisa, 25 paisa and 50 paisa coins were minted in Stainless Steel. 1992 onwards, 1 Re coin was also minted in Steel and Rs. 2 and Rs. 5 coins in Copper Nickel were introduced. The very considerable costs of managing note issues of Re 1, Rs 2, and Rs 5 led to the gradual coinage of these denominations. These coins continued to be minted till 2004, when the Unity in diversity series was launched.

Cupro-Nickel coins are not minted anymore. Ferritic Stainless Steel coins of Two and Five Rupee denominations are currently in production.

 2004 Unity in diversity Series 

In 2004, RBI issued a series in denominations of 1 rupee, followed by 2 rupee and 10 rupee in 2005. These issues however came into circulation in 2006, and created a controversy over their design. 10 rupee coins were the first bimetallic coins issued in India, and because of the controversy and being minted in only one mint, most of the coinage never found its way into circulation. The ones which did were hoarded by Coin collectors and Coin hoarders.

+2004 Unity in Diversity SeriesDenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse10 രൂപBimetallic
Copper നിക്കൽ Center in

Aluminium Bronze ringCircular27 mm2005 - 20072 രൂപStainless Steel26.75 mm1 രൂപ25 mm2004 - 2006

 2007 Hasta Mudra Series 

in 2007 RBI issued a new series of Coins, The Hasta Mudra Series, in coins of 50 paisa, 1 rupee and 2 rupee denominations. These coins are stainless steel and feature various Hasta Mudras (hand gestures in Indian Classical dance). The 5 rupee piece that features waves in its design was also issued in 2007, along with a new 10 rupee coin. However, the design of the 10 rupee piece changed in 2008. The 5 rupee coin design was again reverted to the previous design, though it was issued in Nickel-brass instead of Copper-nickel. However, these 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were not the part of the Hasta Mudra series.

+2007 Hasta Mudra SeriesDenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse2 രൂപStainless SteelCircular27 mm2007 - 20111 രൂപ25 mm50 പൈസ22 mm2008 - 2010

The 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were issued for common circulation in 2007, 2008, 2009 with changed designs and continued to be minted until the introduction of the Rupee Symbol series in 2011.

+2007 - 2010 Common Circulation Coins for 5 rupee and 10 rupeeDenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse5 രൂപStainless SteelCircular23 mm2007 - 200810 രൂപBimetallic
Copper നിക്കൽ Center in Aluminium Bronze ring27 mm2008 - 2010 5 രൂപNickel - Brass23 mm2009 - 2010

 2011 New Series with the Rupee Symbol (₹) 

In 2011, RBI issued a series in denominations of 50p, ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, and ₹10. The 50p, ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 designs are identical except the absence of the rupee symbol in 50p coin. The ₹10 coin continued to be issued in bimetallic issues as previously.

+2011 Rupee Symbol SeriesDenominationImageMetalShapeDiameterMinted in YearObverseReverse₹10
Ten രൂപBimetallic 
Copper Nickel Center in

Aluminium Bronze ringCircular27 mm2011 - ₹ 5
Five RupeesNickel Brass27 mm2011 - ₹ 2 
Two രൂപStainless Steel25 mm2011 - ₹ 1
One രൂപ21.93 mm2011 - 50 p
Fifty പൈസ19 mm2011 - 

 Mints 

 Domestic mint marks 

Kolkata - either no mint mark beneath the date of coin or a C is seen at 6'o clock position in British India coins.
Mumbai - diamond mint mark under the date of the coin.
Hyderabad - split diamond or a dot in diamond or five pointed star under the date of coin. 
Noida - a small or thick dot under the date of the Coin.

Because of the increasing demand for coins, the Indian government was forced to mint coins in foreign countries at various points in the country's history.

 Foreign Mint Marks 

Pretoria - diamond mark under the date 1943.
Seoul - a five pointed star under the date of the coin but exactly below the first or Last Digits of dates 1985 and 1997.
Birmingham (Royal Mint, UK) - small dot under the date of the coin but exactly below the first digit of date 1985.
Heaton Press - Ornamental/decorated letter "H" under the last digit of the date 1985.
Ottawa - a "C" mint mark under the date of the coin.
Mexico City - "M" mint mark under the date of the coin.

Mints in Daegu, Korea, Slovakia (Kremnca), and Russia (Moscow) have also been used.

Commemorative coins

The first Indian commemorative coin was issued in 1964 to mourn the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. Since then, numerous coins of these type on almost all denomination from 5 paisa to 10 rupees have been issued. These coins based on famous personalities (usually issued on their birth or death centenary, or in rare cases on their death), government programmes and social messages.

 Mints 
Commemorative coins are made at various mints across India including the ones at Mumbai, Noida, Kolkata and Hyderabad.

 The First Commemorative Coins 
The first commemorative coins was dated 1964 and had a bust of Jawaharlal Nehru on observe and was issued in one and half rupee.

 List of Commemorative Coins 

CommemorativeYear5P10P20P25P50P1₹2₹5₹10₹20₹25₹50₹60₹75₹100₹125₹150₹200₹500₹1000₹Jawaharlal Nehru1964KMKMMahatma Gandhi1969KHMKMKMKMFood For All1970KMKMFood For All1971KMM25th Independence1972KMKMGrow More Food1973KMMMMPlanned Families Food for All1974KHMWomen Year1975KHMMMFood & Work For All1976KHMKMMMSave for Development1977KHMKMMMFood & Selter For All1978KHMKHMMMInternational Year of the Child (P)1978MInternational Year of the Child1979KHMKHMMMMRural Women's Advancement1980KHMKHMMMWorld Food Day1981KMKHMMMIX Asian Games1982KHMKHMKMMMWorld Food Day1982KHMKHNational Integration1982KMKMMMFisheries1983KHForestry for Development1985KHMReserve Bank of India1985KHMKMMIndira Gandhi1985KHMHMMInternational Youth Year1985KHMKMFisheries1986KHMMMSmall Farmer1987KHMMMRainfed Farming1988KHMJawaharlal Nehru1989KHMHMMMWorld Food Day1989KHMDr. B.R. Ambedkar1990HMICDS1990HMSAARC Year - Girl Child1990HMFood For the Future1990KHRajiv Gandhi1991HMCommonweath Parliamentary1991MMMTourism Year1991HMMMFood & Nutrition1992KLand Vital Resource1992KQuit India Movement1993KHMMMMInter Parliamentary Union1993MSmall Family Happy Family1993HMBio Diversity1993HMInternational Year of the Family1994MNWater for Life1994KHMILO1994HMNMMWorld Tamil Conference1995KHMNMMNGlobalizing Indian Agriculture1995KMUNO1995MNFAO1995HMNSardar Vallabhbhai Patel1995MSardar Vallabhbhai Patel1996KHMNMMMMother's Health is Child's Health1996KHMNInternational Crop Science1996KSubhash Chandra Bose1996KNSubhash Chandra Bose1997KHMNMMM50 year of Independence1997KHMNMCellular Jail1997KHMNSri Aurobindo1998KMNMMMDeshbandhu Chittranjan Das1998KHNKSaint Dnyaneshwar1999KMNMChattrapati Shivaji1999KHMNMMSuprime Court of India2000KMNMDr. Syama Prasad2001KHNKMKBhagwan Mahabir2001MNMLoknayak Jayprakash Narayan2002HMSaint Tukaram2002KHMNKMMMaharana Pratap2003HMMMVeer Durgadas2003HMMMIndian Railway2003KHMNKDadabhai Naoraji2003KHMKumarasami Kamraj2003KHMMIndia Post2004KKTelecommunication2004KKLal Bahadur Sastri (CuNi)2004KKLal Bahadur Sastri (SS)2004KHMDandi March (CuNi)2005MMDandi March (SS)2005MMahatma Basaveshwara (CuNi)2006MMMahatma Basaveshwara (SS)2006MONGC (CuNi)2006KMONGC (SS)2006KHSree Narayan Gurudev (CuNi)2006MMSree Narayan Gurudev (SS)2006MSBI (CuNi)2006KKSBI (CuNi)2006KHIndian Airforce2007KKLokamanya Bal Gandhar Tilak (CuNi)2007MKLokamanya Bal Gandhar Tilak (SS)2007MTilakji Error (CuNi)2007MFirst War of Independence2007MMKhadi & Village Industries (CuNi)2007MMKhadi & Village Industries (SS)2007MBhagat Singh2007KHKShri Guru Granth Sahib2008HMMSaint Alphonsa2009KHMMLouis Braille2009KHMKPerarignar Anna2009KHMK60 years of Commonwealth2009KHMMDr. Rajendra Prasad2009KHMNKHomi Bhaba2009MNMReserve Bank of India2010HMKHMHMHMNKMHNXIX Commonwealth Games2010KHNKHMNC. Subramaniam2010KHMNHMBrihadeswarar Temple Thanjaveer2010KHMNMMother Teresa2010KHMNKComptroller & Auditor General2010KHMNKIncome Tax - Chanakya2010KHMKIncome Tax - Chanakya2011KNCivil Aviation2010HCivil Aviation2011KHMNMRabindra Nath Tegore2011KHMNKIndian Council of Medical Research2011KHMNHMMadan Mohan Malviya2011KHMNMParliament of India2012KHMNShree Mata Vaishno Devi2012HMNHMNMKolkata Mint2012KHMNKMotilal Nehru2012KHMNMKuka Movement2013KHMNMSwami Vivekananda2013KHMNKCoir Board2013KHMNMAcharya Tulsi2014KHMNMMaulana Abul Kalam Azad2014KHMNKJawaharlal Nehru2014KHMNKKomagata Maru Incident2014HMNJamshetji Nusserawanji Tata2015KMBegum Aktar2015KMKRani Gaidiliu2015K1965 Operation2015MMBHEL2015KMKAllahabad High Court2015HMMBiju Patnaik2015KKDr. B.R. Ambedkar2015HMKDr. Sarvapalli Radha Krishnan2015MK3rd Indo Africa Forum2015KKMaharana Pratap2015MMSwami Chimayananda2015KMKGandhi Return from Africa2015KHMNInternational Yoga Day2015MNNabakalebar Rath Yatra2015MMUniversity of Mysore2016MMLala Lajpat Rai2016KTatya Tope2016KKBanaras Hindu University2016MMNational Archive of India2016KKPt Dindayal Upadhyai2016MMBiju Patnik2016MMChaitanya Mahaprabhu2016MMShrimad Rajchandra2017MM
Note: Bold Marks are Silver Coins, Mint index: K = Kolkata (no mark), H = Hyderabad (⋆), M = Mumbai (◆ or B), Noida = (●).

 ഇതും കാണുക 

 Indian rupee
 Coinage of India

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വർഗ്ഗം:ഇന്ത്യയിലെ നാണയങ്ങൾ