ഗോൾഡൻ-വിംഗ്ഡ് വാർബ്ലർ

'ഗോൾഡൻ-വിംഗ്ഡ് വാർബ്ലർ'   (Vermivora chrysoptera) ഒരു ന്യൂ വേൾഡ് വാർബ്ലർ ആണ്. തെക്ക്-കിഴക്ക്, തെക്ക്-മദ്ധ്യ കാനഡയിലും വടക്ക്കിഴക്കൻ  അപ്പാലാചിയൻ മൗണ്ടെയ്നും വടക്കു-മധ്യേ യുണൈറ്റഡ് സ്റ്റേറ്റ്സിലും ഇത് പ്രജനനം നടത്തുന്നു. വിസ്കോൺസിൻ, മിനസോട്ട, മനിറ്റോബ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിൽ ഭൂരിഭാഗം (~ 70%) ഗ്ലോബൽ പോപുലേഷൻ സങ്കരയിനങ്ങൾ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു. ഗോൾഡൻ-വിംഗ്ഡ് വാർബ്ലർ ജനസംഖ്യ ക്രമേണ വടക്കൻ മേഖലയിലേക്ക് വ്യാപിച്ചെങ്കിലും പക്ഷേ സാധാരണയായി അതിന്റെ പരിധിയിലുടനീളം കുറഞ്ഞുവരുന്നു, മിക്കപ്പോഴും ആവാസവ്യവസ്ഥയുടെ നഷ്ടം, മത്സരം എന്നിവ ഇതിനു കാരണമായിത്തീരാറുണ്ട്. വളരെ അടുത്ത ബന്ധമുള്ള ബ്ലൂ-വിംഗ്ഡ് വാർബ്ലർ,  Vermivora cyanoptera എന്നിവയും ആയി ഇവയ്ക്ക് സങ്കരയിനങ്ങളുണ്ടാകുന്നു. 

ഉദ്ഭവം
ജീനസ് നാമം വെർമിവോറ ,  ലാറ്റിനിൽ   വെർമിസ് 'എന്നാൽ' "worm ,  വൊറാരെ എന്നാൽ  "to devour", എന്നുമാണ്. പുരാതന ഗ്രീക്കിൽ chrysopteraയിൽ  ഖ്രുസോസ്, എന്നാൽ  "സ്വർണ്ണം" പ്റ്റെറോൺ, എന്നാൽ  "ചിറകു" എന്നുമാണ്. 

വിവരണം
ലേഖനങ്ങൾ

 Andre JB. (1979). The Golden-Winged Warbler Vermivora-Chrysoptera In Coastal Carolina USA A Recent Record And Comments On Its Fall Migration. Chat. vol 43, no 3.
 Bannon P. (1986). Brewster's Warbler Vermivora-Chrysoptera X Vermivora-Pinus Backcross Breeding In Huntingdon County Quebec Canada. Canadian Field Naturalist. vol 100, no 1. pp. 118–119.
 Boal CW, Sibley FC, Estabrook TS & Lazell J. (2006). Insular and migrant species, longevity records, and new species records on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands. Wilson Journal of Ornithology. vol 118, no 2. pp. 218–224.
 Carpentier AG. (1983). Presumed Breeding Record Of Brewsters X Brewsters Warbler Vermivora-Chrysoptera-X-Vermivora-Pinus In Ontario Canada. Canadian Field Naturalist. vol 97, no 4. pp. 458–459.
 Confer JL. (1992). Vermivora chrysoptera: Golden-winged warbler. Birds of North America. vol 0, no 20. pp. 1–15.
 Confer JL. (2006). Secondary contact and introgression of golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera): Documenting the mechanism. Auk. vol 123, no 4. pp. 958–961.
 Confer JL & Knapp K. (1981). Golden-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Chrysoptera And Blue-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Pinus The Relative Success Of A Habitat Specialist And A Generalist. Auk. vol 98, no 1. pp. 108–114.
 Confer JL, Larkin JL & Allen PE. (2003). Effects of vegetation, interspecific competition, and brood parasitism on Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) nesting success. Auk. vol 120, no 1. pp. 138–144.
 Confer JL & Tupper SK. (2000). A reassessment of the status of Golden-winged and Blue-winged Warblers in the Hudson Highlands of southern New York. Wilson Bulletin. vol 112, no 4. pp. 544–546.
 Dabrowski A, Fraser R, Confer JL & Lovette IJ. (2005). Geographic variability in mitochondrial introgression among hybridizing populations of Golden-winged (Vermivora chrysoptera) and Blue-winged (V-pinus) Warblers. Conservation Genetics. vol 6, no 5. pp. 843–853.
 Doherty P. (1992). Golden-winged warbler: New to the western Palearctic. British Birds. vol 85, no 11. pp. 595–599.
 Ewert DN. (1981). The Occurrence Of Closely Related Species Pairs In Central Michigan USA Willow Flycatchers Empidonax-Traillii And Alder Flycatchers Empidonax-Alnorum And Golden-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Chrysoptera And Blue-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Pinus. Jack Pine Warbler. vol 59, no 3. pp. 95–98.
 Ferguson RS. (1981). Summer Birds Of The Northwest Angle Provincial Forest And Adjacent Southeastern Manitoba Canada. Syllogeus. vol 31, pp. 1–23.
 Gill FB. (1980). Historical Aspects Of Hybridization Between Blue-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Pinus And Golden-Winged Warblers Vermivora-Chrysoptera. Auk. vol 97, no 1. pp. 1–18.
 Gill FB. (1987). Allozymes And Genetic Similarity Of Blue-Winged And Golden-Winged Warblers. Auk. vol 104, no 3. pp. 444–449.
 Gill FB. (1992). Golden-winged warbler Vermivora chrysoptera. Brauning, D. vol W, p. Atlas of breeding birds in Pennsylvania.
 Gill FB. (1997). Local cytonuclear extinction of the golden-winged warbler. Evolution. vol 51, no 2. pp. 519–525.
 Gill FB. (2004) BLUE-WINGED WARBLERS (VERMIVORA PINUS) VERSUS GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLERS (V. CHRYSOPTERA). The Auk. Vol 121, no 4. p. 1014 (5 pages)
 Hamel P & Wright LM. (1979). Lawrences Warbler Vermivora-Chrysoptera-X-Vermivora-Pinus At Francis-Beidler Forest 1st Sight Record For South-Carolina USA. Chat. vol 43, no 3. pp. 66–67.
 Hanowski JM, Christian DP & Nelson MC. (1999). Response of breeding birds to shearing and burning in wetland brush ecosystems. Wetlands. vol 19, no 3. pp. 584–593.
 Highsmith RT. (1989). The Singing Behavior Of Golden-Winged Warblers. Wilson Bulletin. vol 101, no 1. pp. 36–50.
 Klaus NA. (2004). Status of the golden-winged warbler in North Georgia, and a nesting record of the Lawrence's Warbler. Oriole. vol 69, no 1-2. pp. 1–7.
 Klaus NA & Buehler DA. (2001). Golden-winged Warbler breeding habitat characteristics and nest success in clearcuts in the southern appalachian mountains. Wilson Bulletin. vol 113, no 3. pp. 297–301.
 Koonce AE. (2005). The role of juvenile dispersal in the replacement of golden-winged warblers by blue-winged warblers. Natural Resource Modeling. vol 18, no 4. pp. 537–547.
 Lacki MJ. (2000). Surveys of bird communities on Little Black and Black mountains: Implications for long-term conservation of Montane birds in Kentucky. Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. vol 61, no 1. pp. 50–59.
 Leichty ER & Grier JW. (2006). Importance of facial pattern to sexual selection in golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera). Auk. vol 123, no 4. pp. 962–966.
 Rayner WJ. (1988). Male Golden-Winged Warbler Attends Blue-Winged Warbler Nest. Ontario Birds. vol 6, no 3. pp. 106–107.
 Rich T. (1981). The Golden-Winged Warbler Vermivora-Chrysoptera New-Record In Idaho USA. Western Birds. vol 12, no 1.
 Rossell CR, Jr. (2001). Song perch characteristics of Golden-winged Warblers in a mountain wetland. Wilson Bulletin. vol 113, no 2. pp. 246–248.
 Rossell CR, Jr., Patch SC & Wilds SP. (2003). Attributes of golden-winged warbler territories in a mountain wetland. Wildlife Society Bulletin. vol 31, no 4. pp. 1099–1104.
 Roth AM & Lutz S. (2004). Relationship between territorial male Golden-winged Warblers in managed aspen stands in northern Wisconsin, USA. Forest Science. vol 50, no 2. pp. 153–161.
 Shadick S. (1986). Golden-Winged Warbler At Duck Mountain Saskatchewan Canada. Blue Jay. vol 44, no 4. pp. 245–246.
 Shapiro LH, Canterbury RA, Stover DM & Fleischer RC. (2004). Reciprocal introgression between Golden-Winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) and Blue-Winged Warblers (V. pinus) in eastern North America. Auk. vol 121, no 4. pp. 1019–1030.
 Stenzler LM, Fraser R & Lovette IJ. (2004). Isolation and characterization of 12 microsatellite loci from Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) with broad cross-taxon utility in emberizine songbirds. Molecular Ecology Notes. vol 4, no 4. pp. 602–604.
-->

കൂടുതൽ വായനയ്ക്ക്
Books

 Confer, John L. 1992. Golden-winged Warbler. In The Birds of North America, No. 20 (A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill, Eds.). Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists’ Union.

പ്രബന്ധം

 Demmons TD. M.Sc. (2000). Nest site selection and nest predation patterns at forest-field edges. Queen's University at Kingston (Canada), Canada.
 Hamel PB. Ph.D. (1981). A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH TO AVIAN COMMUNITY STRUCTURE. Clemson University, United States, South Carolina.
 Highsmith RT. Ph.D. (1989). Function, form, and recognition of the songs of golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) and blue-winged (V. pinus) warblers. University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States, Massachusetts.
 Will TC. Ph.D. (1986). THE BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY OF SPECIES REPLACEMENT: BLUE-WINGED AND GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLERS IN MICHIGAN. University of Michigan, United States, Michigan.
അവലംബം

 ബാഹ്യ ലിങ്കുകൾ

Golden-winged warbler - Vermivora chrysoptera  - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
Golden-winged warbler species account - Cornell Lab of Ornithology



വർഗ്ഗം:വടക്കുകിഴക്കൻ അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലെ പക്ഷികൾ
വർഗ്ഗം:പക്ഷികൾ