ദിസ (സസ്യം)

ഓർക്കിഡേസീ കുടുംബത്തിലെ പൂച്ചെടികളുടെ ഒരു ജനുസ്സാണ് ദിസ. ഇതിൽ 182  ഇനങ്ങളാണ് ഉള്ളത്. Mark W. Chase; Kenneth M. Cameron; John V. Freudenstein; Alec M. Pridgeon; Gerardo A. Salazar; Cássio van den Berg; André Schuiteman (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1111/boj.12234. Mark W. Chase; Kenneth M. Cameron; John V. Freudenstein; Alec M. Pridgeon; Gerardo A. Salazar; Cássio van den Berg; André Schuiteman (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1111/boj.12234.ഭൂരിഭാഗവും ആഫ്രിക്കൻ ഉഷ്ണമേഖലാ പ്രദേശങ്ങളിലും വളരെക്കുറച്ച് ഇനങ്ങൾ അറബ്യൻ പെനിസ്യൂല, മഡഗാസ്കർ, റീയൂണിയൻ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിൽ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു. Hans Peter Linder and Hubert Kurzweil. 1999. Orchids of Southern Africa. 504 pages. A. A. Balkema. ISBN 978-90-5410-445-2.ഡിസാ ബ്രക്റ്റെറ്റ  വെസ്റ്റേൺ ആസ്ട്രേലിയയുടെ തനതായ സസ്യമാണ്. ഇതിന്റെ  പ്രാദേശിക പേര് "ആഫ്രിക്കൻ വീഡ് -ഓർക്കിഡ് എന്നാണ്. Weeds Australia, Weed Identification, African weed-orchid, Disa bracteata Archived May 17, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. 

1767-ൽ ജീനസായ ദിസയെ നാമകരണം ചെയ്തത് പി.ജെ.ബെർഗിയാസ് ആയിരുന്നു.  "Disa Query Results". International Plant Names Index. Peter Jonas Bergius. 1767. Descriptiones Plantarum ex Capite Bonae Spei: 348. (See External links below). ഒരു സ്വീഡിഷ് ഇതിഹാസത്തിന്റെ നായികയായ ദിസയുടെ പേരിലാണ് ഇത് അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II). (see External links below).

 വിവരണം 
സസ്യങ്ങൾ മാംസളമായ കിഴങ്ങുകളിൽ നിന്നും വളരുന്നു. ഇത്  പഞ്ചസാരക്ക് പകരം ഉപയോഗിക്കപ്പെടുന്ന മാൾട്ടോഡെക്സ്ട്രിന്റെ സ്രോതസ്സാണ്. ചില സ്പീഷീസുകൾക്ക് 90 സെന്റിമീറ്റർ ഉയരം ഉണ്ട്. പൂക്കൾ ഒറ്റപുഷ്പങ്ങൾ വീതം റെസീം പൂങ്കുലകളായി  ക്രമീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു. ദളങ്ങളും അധരങ്ങളും ചെറുതാണ്. പൂക്കൾ പ്രധാനമായും വിദളങ്ങളായിട്ടാണ് കാണുന്നത്. പൂക്കൾ ഇളം ചുവപ്പു മുതൽ കടും ചുവപ്പ് നിറത്തിൽ വരെയുണ്ട്.

 സങ്കരയിനം
The following species have been used to create more than 400 hybrids : Disa cardinalis, Disa caulescens, Disa racemosa, Disa tripetaloides, Disa uniflora, Disa aurata and Disa venosa.
 Disa × brendae (D. caulescens × D. uniflora) (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa × maculomarronina (D. hircicornis × D. versicolor) (S. Africa)..
 Disa × nuwebergensis (D. caulescens × D. tripetaloides) (South Africa, Cape Prov.).
 Disa × paludicola (D. chrysostachya × D. rhodantha) (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal).

 സ്പീഷീസ് 
Species currently (May 2014) recognized:

 Disa aconitoides (Ethiopia to S. Africa)
 Disa aconitoides subsp. aconitoides (Ethiopia to S. Africa). Tuber geophyte
 Disa aconitoides subsp. concinna (Congo to S. Trop. Africa). Tuber geophyte
 Disa aconitoides subsp. goetzeana (Ethiopia to Tanzania). Tuber geophyte
 Disa aequiloba (SW. Tanzania to Angola).
 Disa alinae (Congo).
 Disa alticola (Mpumalanga / East-Transvaal).
 Disa amoena ( Mpumalanga / East-Transvaal).
 Disa andringitrana (SE. & S. Madagascar).
 Disa aperta (SW. & S. Tanzania to Zambia).
 Disa arida (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa aristata (S. Africa, Northern Prov.).
 Disa atricapilla (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa atrorubens (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa aurata (South Africa, Cape Prov. (Swellendam).
 Disa barbata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa basutorum (S. Africa (Drakensberg).
 Disa baurii (Tanzania to S. Africa).
 Disa begleyi (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa bivalvata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa bodkinii (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa bolusiana (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa borbonica (Réunion).
 Disa brachyceras (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa bracteata, formerly Monadenia bracteata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.; naturalised in Australia).
 Disa brevicornis (S. Trop. & S. Africa).
 Disa brevipetala (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov. (Kleinmond area).
 Disa buchenaviana (C. & SE. Madagascar).
 Disa caffra (Southern Congo to S. Africa, Madagascar).
 Disa cardinalis (South Africa, S. Cape Prov. (Riversdale).
 Disa caulescens (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa cedarbergensis (South Africa, Cape Prov. (Cedarberg).
 Disa celata (S. Tanzania to Angola).
 Disa cephalotes (S. Africa).
 Disa cephalotes subsp. cephalotes (S. Africa). Tuber geophyte
 Disa cephalotes subsp. frigida (Lesotho to KwaZulu-Natal). Tuber geophyte
 Disa cernua (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov).
 Disa chimanimaniensis (Chimanimani Mts, Zimbabwe).
 Disa chrysostachya (S. Africa)
 Disa clavicornis (Mpumalanga / East-Transvaal).
 Disa cochlearis (South Africa, Cape Prov. (Elandsberg).
 Disa comosa (South Africa,SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa conferta (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa cooperi (S. Africa).
 Disa cornuta (Zimbabwe to S. Africa).
 Disa crassicornis (S. Africa).
 Disa cryptantha (Ethiopia, S. Tanzania to Zambia).
 Disa cylindrica (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa danielae (S. Congo).
 Disa densiflora (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa dichroa (S. Congo to Zambia).
 Disa dracomontana (S. Africa (C. Drakensberg).
 Disa draconis (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa ecalcarata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov. (Constantiaberg).
 Disa elegans (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa eminii (Rwanda to Zambia).
 Disa engleriana (Tanzania to Zambia)
 Disa equestris (Trop. Africa)
 Disa erubescens (Trop. Africa)
 Disa erubescens subsp. carsonii (Tanzania to Zambia).
 Disa erubescens subsp. erubescens (Trop. Africa) Tuber geophyte
 Disa esterhuyseniae (South Africa, WSW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa extinctoria (South Africa; Northern Prov., Swaziland).
 Disa fasciata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa ferruginea (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa filicornis (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa forcipata (South Africa, Cape Prov. (?).
 Disa forficaria (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa fragrans (Ethiopia to S. Africa
 Disa fragrans subsp. deckenii (NE. & E. Trop. Africa to Congo). Tuber geophyte
 Disa fragrans subsp. fragrans (Tanzania to S. Africa).. Tuber geophyte
 Disa galpinii (South Africa, E. Cape Prov. To KwaZulu-Natal).
 Disa gladioliflora (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa gladioliflora subsp. capricornis (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa gladioliflora subsp. gladioliflora (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa glandulosa (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa graminifolia (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa hallackii (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa harveyana (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa harveyana subsp. harveyana (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.). Tuber geophyte
 Disa harveyana subsp. longicalcarata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.). Tuber geophyte
 Disa helenae (Zambia).
 Disa hians (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa hircicornis (Trop. & S. Africa).
 Disa incarnata (C. & SE. Madagascar).
 Disa intermedia (South Africa, Swaziland) .
 Disa introrsa (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov. (Skurweberge.
 Disa karooica (South Africa, NW. & C. Cape Prov.
 Disa katangensis (S. Congo to Angola) .
 Disa linderiana (South Africa, W. Cape Prov.).
 Disa lineata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa lisowskii (Congo).
 Disa longicornu (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa longifolia (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa longilabris (SW. Tanzania to N. Malawi).
 Disa lugens (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa lugens var. lugens (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa lugens var. nigrescens (South Africa, S. Cape Prov. (Oyster Bay). Tuber geophyte
 Disa macrostachya (South Africa W. Cape Prov. (Rooiberg)
 Disa maculata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa marlothii (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.
 Disa micropetala (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa miniata (SW. Tanzania to S. Trop. Africa).
 Disa minor (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov).
 Disa montana (South Africa, E. Cape Prov.)
 Disa multifida (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa neglecta (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov. (Worcester).
 Disa nervosa (S. Africa)
 Disa newdigatae (South Africa, S. Cape Prov. (Knysna area).
 Disa nigerica (Nigeria to Congo).
 Disa nivea (S. Africa (S. Drakensberg).
 Disa nubigena (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov. (Devils Peak).
 Disa nyikensis (Malawi to Zambia).
 Disa obtusa (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa obtusa subsp. hottentotica (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa obtusa subsp. obtusa (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa obtusa subsp. picta (South Africa, S. Cape Prov Tuber geophyte
 Disa ocellata (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa ochrostachya (Cameroon to Tanzania and S. Trop. Africa)
 Disa oligantha (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa ophrydea (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa oreophila (S. Africa) .
 Disa oreophila subsp. erecta (South Africa, S. Africa (Drakensberg). Tuber geophyte
 Disa oreophila subsp. oreophila (S. Africa. Tuber geophyte
 Disa ornithantha (SW. Tanzania to S. Trop. Africa).
 Disa ovalifolia (South Africa, WSW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa patula (Zimbabwe to S. Africa).
 Disa patula var. patula (South Africa, E. Cape Prov. to Mpumalanga / East-Transvaal). Tuber geophyte
 Disa patula var. transvaalensis (Zimbabwe to S. Africa). Tuber geophyte
 Disa perplexa (Nigeria, E. & S. Trop. Africa) .
 Disa physodes (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa pillansii (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa polygonoides (Mozambique to S. Africa)
 Disa porrecta (S. Africa).
 Disa praecox (S. Trop. Africa (Nyika Plateau).
 Disa pulchella (Ethiopia, Yemen).
 Disa pulchra (S. Africa).
 Disa purpurascens (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa pygmaea (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa racemosa (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa renziana (Congo).
 Disa reticulata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa rhodantha (Zimbabwe to S. Africa).
 Disa richardiana (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa robusta (EC. Trop. Africa).
 Disa roeperocharoides (S. Congo to Zambia).
 Disa rosea (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa rufescens (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa rungweensis (SW. Tanzania to Malawi).
 Disa sabulosa (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa sagittalis (South Africa, S. & SE. Cape Prov. to S. KwaZulu-Natal).
 Disa salteri (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov).
 Disa sanguinea (South Africa, E. Cape Prov. to S .KwaZulu-Natal)
 Disa sankeyi ( S. Africa).
 Disa satyriopsis (Tanzania to Zambia)
 Disa saxicola (Tanzania to S. Africa).
 Disa schizodioides (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa schlechteriana (South Africa, SSW. Cape Prov. (Langeberg).
 Disa scullyi (South Africa, E. Cape Prov. to S. KwaZulu-Natal).
 Disa scutellifera (NE. & E. Trop. Africa).
 Disa similis (S. Trop. & S. Africa).
 Disa spathulata (South Africa, Cape Prov.)
 Disa spathulata subsp. spathulata (South Africa, Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa spathulata subsp. tripartita (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa stachyoides (S. Africa)
 Disa stairsii (NE. Congo to E. Trop. Africa)
 Disa stricta (S. Africa).
 Disa subtenuicornis (South Africa, Cape Prov. (Riversdale.
 Disa telipogonis (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa tenella (South Africa, Cape Prov.)
 Disa tenella subsp. pusilla (South Africa, W. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa tenella subsp. tenella (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.) Tuber geophyte
 Disa tenuicornis (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa tenuifolia (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa tenuis (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa thodei (S. Africa, Eastern Cape to Drakensberg).
 Disa triloba (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov).
 Disa tripetaloides (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov. to S. KwaZulu-Natal).
 Disa tysonii (South Africa, S. & E. Cape Prov. to Leshoto).
 Disa ukingensis (S. Tanzania to E. Zambia).
 Disa uncinata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa uniflora (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa vaginata (South Africa, SW. & S. Cape Prov.)
 Disa vasselotii (South Africa, S. Cape Prov.).
 Disa venosa (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.)
 Disa venusta (South Africa, SW. & E. Cape Prov.).
 Disa verdickii (S. Congo to Angola).
 Disa versicolor (S. Trop. & S. Africa).
 Disa virginalis (South Africa, SW. Cape Prov.).
 Disa walleri (Burundi to S. Trop. Africa).
 Disa walteri (SW. Tanzania).
 Disa welwitschii (Trop. & S. Africa).
 Disa welwitschii subsp. occultans (Trop. Africa)
 Disa welwitschii subsp. welwitschii (Trop. & S. Africa) Tuber geophyte
 Disa woodii (Zimbabwe to S. Africa).
 Disa zimbabweensis (Manicaland, Zimbabwe).
 Disa zombica (Tanzania to S. Trop. Africa).
 Disa zuluensis (Mpumalanga / East-Transvaal, KwaZulu-Natal).

 അവലംബം

പുറം കണ്ണികൾ
 page 348   View Book   Descriptiones plantarum ex Capite Bonae Spei  Bergius, Peter Jonas  Biodiversity Heritage Library
 CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: D-L At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press




വർഗ്ഗം:സസ്യജനുസുകൾ
വർഗ്ഗം:പുഷ്പിക്കുന്ന സസ്യങ്ങൾ
വർഗ്ഗം:ഓർക്കിഡുകൾ
വർഗ്ഗം:ഓർക്കിഡേസീ