എഡിത് വാർട്ടൺ

എഡിത് വാർട്ടൺ (/ˈiːdɪθ ˈwɔːrtən/; എഡിത് ന്യൂബോൾഡ് ജോനെസ് എന്ന പേരിൽ ജനിച്ച പുലിറ്റസർ പ്രൈസ് ജേതാവായ അമേരിക്കൻ നോവലിസ്റ്റും ചെറുകഥാകൃത്തും ആലേഖനകലാകാരിയുമായിരുന്നു. (ജീവിതകാലം:ജനുവരി 24, 1862 – ആഗസ്റ്റ് 11, 1937) 1927, 1928, 1930 വർഷങ്ങളില്‌‌‌‍‌‌‌ നോബല്‌‌‌‌ സമ്മാനത്തിനു പരിഗണിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നു.http://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/literature/nomination.php?string=wharton&action=simplesearch&submit.x=7&submit.y=1&submit=submit  എഡിത് വാർട്ടൺ അമേരിക്കയിലെ ഉയർന്ന വർഗ്ഗക്കാരുടെ ജീവിത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള തന്റെ ആന്തരികവീക്ഷണം നർമ്മരസം കലർത്തി തന്റെ രചനകളിലൂടെ അവതരിപ്പിച്ചിരുന്നു.  

 രചനകൾ 

 നോവലുകൾ 
 The Valley of Decision, 1902
 The House of Mirth, 1905
 The Fruit of the Tree, 1907
 The Reef, 1912
 The Custom of the Country, 1913
 Summer, 1917
 The Marne, 1918
 The Age of Innocence, 1920 (Pulitzer Prize winner)
 The Glimpses of the Moon, 1922
 A Son at the Front, 1923
 The Mother's Recompense, 1925
 Twilight Sleep, 1927
 The Children, 1928
 Hudson River Bracketed, 1929
 The Gods Arrive, 1932
 The Buccaneers, 1938 (unfinished)

 നോവലുകളും നോവലൈറ്റുകളും 
 The Touchstone, 1900
 Sanctuary, 1903
 Madame de Treymes, 1907
 Ethan Frome, 1911
 Bunner Sisters, 1916
 Old New York:
1. False Dawn
2. The Old Maid
3. The Spark
4. New Year's Day 1924
 Fast and Loose: A Novelette, 1938 (written in 1876–1877)

 കവതകൾ 
 Verses, 1878
 Artemis to Actaeon and Other Verse, 1909
 Twelve Poems, 1926

 ചെറുകഥാ ശേഖരങ്ങൾ 
 The Greater Inclination, 1899, includes Souls Belated.
 Crucial Instances, 1901
 The Descent of Man and Other Stories, 1904
 The Hermit and the Wild Woman and Other Stories, 1908
 Tales of Men and Ghosts, 1910
 Xingu and Other Stories, 1916
 Old New York, 1924
 Here and Beyond, 1926
 Certain People, 1930
 Human Nature, 1933
 The World Over, 1936
 Ghosts, 1937
 Roman Fever and Other Stories, 1964
 "Madame de Treymes and Others: Four Novelettes", 1970
 "The Ghost Stories of Edith Wharton", 1973
 "The New York Stories of Edith Wharton", 2007

 നോണ്-ഫിക്ഷൻ 
 The Decoration of Houses, 1897
 Italian Villas and Their Gardens, 1904
 Italian Backgrounds, 1905
 A Motor-Flight Through France, 1908 (travel)
 Fighting France, from Dunkerque to Belfort, 1915 (war)
 French Ways and Their Meaning, 1919
 In Morocco, 1920 (travel)
 The Writing of Fiction, 1925  (essays on writing)
 A Backward Glance, 1934 (autobiography)
 Edith Wharton: The Uncollected Critical Writings, Edited by Frederick Wegener, 1996
 Edith Wharton Abroad: Selected Travel Writings, 1888–1920, 1995, Edited by Sarah Bird Wright

 As editor 
 The Book of the Homeless, 1916

 എഡിത് വാർട്ടൺ രചനകളെ ആസ്പദമാക്കിയുള്ളവ : 

 സിനിമ 
 The House of Mirth (La Maison du Brouillard) , a 1918 silent film adaptation (6 reels) (of the 1905 novel) directed by French film director Albert Capellani, starring Katherine Harris Barrymore as Lily Bart. It is considered to be a lost film
 The Glimpses Of The Moon, a 1923 silent film adaptation (7 reels) (of the 1922 novel) directed for Paramount Studios by Allan Dwan, starring Bebe Daniels, David Powell, Nita Naldi and Maurice Costello. It is considered to be a lost film
 The Age of Innocence, a 1924 silent film adaptation (7 reels) (of the 1920 novel) directed for Warner Brothers by Wesley Ruggles, starring Beverly Bayne and Elliott Dexter. It is considered to be a lost film
 The Marriage Playground, a 1929 talking film adaptation (70 minutes) (of the 1928 novel The Children) directed for Paramount Studios by Lothar Mendes, starring rising star Fredric March in leading role (as Martin Boyne), Mary Brian (as Judith Wheater), Kay Francis (as Lady Wrench) ...
 The Age of Innocence, a 1934 film adaptation (9 reels / circa 80–90 minutes) (of the 1920 novel) directed for RKO Studios by Philip Moeller, starring Irene Dunne and John Boles.
 Strange Wives, a 1934 or 1935 film adaptation (8 reels / 75 minutes) (of the 1934 short story Bread Upon the Waters) directed for Universal by Richard Thorpe, starring Roger Pryor (as Jimmy King), June Clayworth (as Nadja), Esther Ralston (as Olga) ... It is considered to be a lost film
 The Old Maid, a 1939 film adaptation (95 minutes) (of the 1924 short novella) directed by Edmund Goulding starring Bette Davis.
 A 1944 film version of the 1911 novel Ethan Frome starring Joan Crawford was proposed but never came to fruitionWikipedia english / Joan_Crawford / Move to Warner Bros.
 Ethan Frome (99 minutes) directed by John Madden and released in 1993,
 The Age of Innocence (138 minutes) directed by Martin Scorsese and released in 1993,
 The Reef  (88 minutes) directed by Robert Allan Ackerman and released in 1999.
 The House of Mirth (140 minutes) directed by Terence Davies and released in 2000, starring Gillian Anderson as Lily Bart.Marshall, Scott. "Edith Wharton on Film and Television: A History and Filmography." Edith Wharton Review (1996): 15–25. Washington State University. 15 Jan. 2009

 ടെലിവിഷൻ 
 Ethan Frome, a 1960 (CBS) TV US adaptation, directed by Alex Segal, starring Sterling Hayden as Ethan Frome, Julie Harris as Mattie Silver and Clarice Blackburn as Zenobia Frome. First Wharton adaptation on television.
 Looking Back, a 1981 TV US loose adaptation of two biographies of Edith Wharton: A Backward Glance, Wharton's own 1934 autobiography & Edith Wharton, a 1975 biography by R.W.B. Lewis (1976 Bancroft Prize-winner).
 The House of Mirth, a 1981 TV US adaptation, directed by Adrian Hall, starring William Atherton, Geraldine Chaplin and Barbara Blossom
 The Buccaneers, a 1995 BBC mini-series, starring Carla Gugino and Greg Wise

 തീയേറ്റർ 
 The House of Mirth was adapted as a play in 1906 by Edith Wharton and Clyde FitchNational Library Of Australia / Catalogue / The House of Mirth: The Play of the Novel, Dramatized by Edith Wharton and Clyde Fitch, 1906; edited, with an introd., notes, and appendixes by Glenn Loneyopenlibrary.org / Works / The House of Mirth: The Play of the Novel, Dramatized by Edith Wharton and Clyde Fitch, 1906; edited, with an introd., notes, and appendixes by Glenn Loney
 The Age of Innocence was adapted as a play in 1928. Katharine Cornell played the role of Ellen Olenska.

 അവലംബം 

വർഗ്ഗം:പുലിറ്റ്സർ പുരസ്കാര ജേതാക്കൾ
വർഗ്ഗം:അമേരിക്കൻ നോവലെഴുത്തുകാർ
വർഗ്ഗം:ജനുവരി 24-ന് ജനിച്ചവർ
വർഗ്ഗം:1862-ൽ ജനിച്ചവർ
വർഗ്ഗം:ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 11-ന് മരിച്ചവർ
വർഗ്ഗം:1937-ൽ മരിച്ചവർ