Mazhab Frankfurt

Mazhab Frankfurt (bahaso Jerman: Frankfurter Schule) adolah istilah nan diagiah ka pamikiran nan dihasilkan dek kalompok filsuf nan masih mamiliki afiliasi jo Institut für Sozialforschung di Frankfurt, Jerman, jo pamikir-pamikir lainnyo nan dipangaruhi dek mereka. Tahun nan dianggap sabagai tahun awal dimulai Mazhab Frankfurt iko adolah tahun 1930, katiko Max Horkheimer diangkek sabagai direktur limbago riset sosial tersebut. Babarapo filsuf tanamo nan dianggap sabagai anggota Mazhab Frankfurt iko antaro lain Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin, jo Jürgen Habermas. Paralu diingek bahasonyo para pamikir iko indak pernah mandefinisikan diri mereka surang di dalam sabuah kelompok ataupun 'mazhab', dan bahasonyo panamoan iko diagiah sacaro retrospektif. Walaupun kabanyakan dari mereka punyo sabuah katertarikan intelektual jo pamikiran neo-Marxisme dan kritik terhadap budaya (nan kudian hari mamangaruhi munculnyo bidang ilmu Studi Budaya), masiang-masiang pamikir maaplikasikan kaduo hal iko dengan caro-caro dan terhadap subyek kajian nan babedo.

Katertarikan Mazhab Frankfurt terhadap pamikiran Karl Marx disebabkan antaro lain dek kaindakpuehan mereka terhadap panggunoan teori-teori Marxisme dek kabanyakan urang lain, nan mereka anggap marupoan pandangan sampik terhadap pandangan usali Karl Marx. Manuruik mereka, pandangan sampik iko indak mampu maagiah 'jawaban' terhadap situasi mereka pado maso itu di Jerman. Sasudah Perang Dunia patamo dan maningkeknyo kakuatan politik Nazi, Jerman nan ado pado maso itu sangaiklah babedo jo Jerman nan dialami Karl Marx. Dek mangko itu, jalehlah bagi para pemikir Mazhab Frankfurt bahasonyo Marxisme musti dimodifikasi untuak bisa manjawek tantangan zaman.

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