Elementi chimici

Un elemento chimico, dïto elemento ascì, o l'è un tipo de atomo definïo da-o seu numero atomego, che o l'è o nùmeo de proton do seu nucleo.

Fin a giornâ d'ancheu son stæti osservæ 118 elementi chimici, di quæ 94 son naturalmente presenti in scia Tæra. I elementi co-o nùmero atomego ciù grande de 82 no son stabilïi e son soggetti a cazze e a mandâ radiaçioin.

 Lista di elementi chimici 
+Serie chimiche da töa periodica Metalli alcalin Metalli alcalin teroxi Lantanidi Attinidi Metalli do blocco d Metalli do blocco p Metalloidi Non metalli Alogeni Gas nòbili

N°NommeScimboloPeriodo,GroppoMassa(Grammo/Mole)Denscitæ(g/cm³)a 20°CPonto de fuxon(°C)Ponto de boggio(°C)Anno dadescovertaScorvitô1IdrogenoH1, 11,007940,084 g/l-259,1-252,91766Cavendish2ElioHe1, 184,0026020,17 g/l-272,2 (a 2,5 MPa)-268,91895Ramsay e Cleve3LittioLi2, 16,9410,53180,513171817Arfwedson4BerillioBe2, 29,0121821,85127829701797Vauquelin5BoroB2, 1310,8112,46230025501808Davy e Gay-Lussac6CarbonioC2, 1412,01073,5135504827da l'antighitæsconosciùo7AzotoN2, 1514,00671,17 g/l-209,9-195,81772Rutherford8OscigenoO2, 1615,99941,33 g/l-218,4-182,91774Priestly e Scheele9FluöF2, 1718,99840321,58 g/l-219,6-188,11886Moissan10NeonNe2, 1820,17970,84 g/l-248,7-246,11898Ramsay e Travers11SodioNa3, 122,989769280,9797,88921807Davy12MagnesioMg3, 224,30501,74648,811071755Black13AlluminioAl3, 1326,98153862,70660,524671825Oersted14SiliçioSi3, 1428,08552,33141023551824Berzelius15FosforoP3, 1530,9737621,82442801669Brand16SorfoS3, 1632,0652,06113444,7da l'antighitæsconosciùo17CloroCl3, 1735,4532,95 g/l-34,6-1011774Scheele18ArgonAr3, 1839,9481,66 g/l-189,4-185,91894Ramsay e Rayleigh19PotascioK4, 139,09830,8663,77741807Davy20CäsoCa4, 240,0781,5483914871808Davy21ScandioSc4, 344,9559122,99153928321879Nilson22TitanioTi4, 447,8674,51166032601791Gregor e Klaproth23VanaddioV4, 550,94156,09189033801801del Río24CrommoCr4, 651,99617,14185724821797Vauquelin25ManganeiseMn4, 754,9380457,44124420971774Gahn26FæroFe4, 855,8457,8715352750da l'antighitæsconosciùo27CobaltoCo4, 958,9331958,89149528701735Brandt28NichelNi4, 1058,69348,91145327321751Cronstedt29RammoCu4, 1163,5468,921083,52595da l'antighitæsconosciùo30ZingoZn4, 1265,4097,14419,6907da l'antighitæsconosciùo31GallioGa4, 1369,7235,9129,824031875Lecoq de Boisbaudran32GermanioGe4, 1472,645,32937,428301886Winkler33ArsenicoAs4, 1574,921605,72613613 (subl.)1250 ca.Albertus Magnus34SelenioSe4, 1678,964,822176851817Berzelius35BrommoBr4, 1779,9043,14-7,358,81826Balard36KriptonKr4, 1883,7983,48 g/l-156,6-152,31898Ramsay e Travers37RubiddioRb5, 185,46781,53396881861Bunsen e Kirchhoff38StronsioSr5, 287,622,6376913841790Crawford39IttrioY5, 388,905854,47152333371794Gadolin40SirconioZr5, 491,2246,51185243771789Klaproth41NiobioNb5, 592,906 388,58246849271801Hatchett42MolibdenMo5, 695,9410,28261755601778Scheele43TecnessioTc5, 7[98,9063]11,49217250301937Perrier e Segrè44RutennioRu5, 8101,0712,45231039001844Klaus45RodioRh5, 9102,9055012,41196637271803Wollaston46PalladioPd5, 10106,4212,02155231401803Wollaston47ArgentoAg5, 11107,868210,49961,92212da l'antighitæsconosciùo48CadmioCd5, 12112,4118,643217651817Strohmeyer e Hermann49IndioIn5, 13114,8187,31156,220801863Reich e Richter50StagnoSn5, 14118,7107,292322270da l'antighitæsconosciùo51AntimonioSb5, 15121,7606,69630,71750da l'antighitæsconosciùo52TellurioTe5, 16127,606,25449,69901782von Reichenstein53IodioI5, 17126,904474,94113,5184,41811Courtois54SenoXe5, 18131,2934,49 g/l-111,9-1071898Ramsay e Travers55ÇesioCs6, 1132,90545191,9028,46901860Kirchhoff e Bunsen56BarioBa6, 2137,3273,6572516401808Davy57LantagnoLa6138,905476,1692034541839Mosander58ÇerioCe6140,1166,7779832571803von Hisinger e Berzelius59PraseodimioPr6140,907656,4893132121895von Welsbach60NeodimioNd6144,2427,00101031271895von Welsbach61PromesioPm6[146,9151]7,22108027301945Marinsky e Glendenin62SamarioSm6150,367,54107217781879Lecoq de Boisbaudran63EuropioEu6151,9645,2582215971901Demarçay64GadolinioGd6157,257,89131132331880de Marignac65TerbioTb6158,925358,25136030411843Mosander66DisprosioDy6162,5008,56140923351886Lecoq de Boisbaudran67OlmioHo6164,930328,78147027201878Soret68ÆrbioEr6167,2599,05152225101842Mosander69TulioTm6168,934219,32154517271879Cleve70ItterbioYb6173,046,9782411931878de Marignac71LutesioLu6, 3174,9679,84165633151907Urbain72AfnioHf6, 4178,4913,31215054001923Coster e de Hevesy73TantalioTa6, 5180,947916,68299654251802Ekeberg74TungstenW6, 6183,8419,26340759271783Elhuyar75RenioRe6, 7186,20721,03318056271925Noddack, Tacke e Berg76OsmioOs6, 8190,2322,61304550271803Tennant77IridioIr6, 9192,21722,65241041301803Tennant78PatinPt6, 10195,08421,45177238271557Scaliger79ÖoAu6, 11196,96656919,321064,42940da l'antighitæsconosciùo80MercuioHg6, 12200,5913,55-38,9356,6da l'antighitæsconosciùo81TallioTl6, 13204,383311,85303,614571861Crookes82CiongioPb6, 14207,211,34327,51740da l'antighitæsconosciùo83BismüoBi6, 15208,980409,80271,415601540Geoffroy84PolonnioPo6, 16[208,9824]9,202549621898Marie e Pierre Curie85AstöAt6, 17[209,9871]8,953023371940Corson e MacKenzie86RadonRn6, 18[222,0176]9,23 g/l-71-61,81900Dorn87FransioFr7, 1[223,0197]2,48276771939Perey88RadioRa7, 2[226,0254]5,5070011401898Marie e Pierre Curie89AttinioAc7[227,0278]10,07104731971899Debierne90TorioTh7232,0380611,72175047871829Berzelius91ProtoattinioPa7231,0358815,37155440301917Soddy, Cranston e Hahn92UrannioU7238,0289118,971132,438181789Klaproth93NettunnioNp7[237,0482]20,4864039021940McMillan e Abelson94PlutonnioPu7[244,0642]19,7464133271940Seaborg95AmeriçioAm7[243,0614]13,6799426071944Seaborg96CurioCm7[247,0703]13,51134031101944Seaborg97BerchelioBk7[247,0703]13,2598626271949Seaborg98CalifornioCf7[251,0796]15,190014701950Seaborg99EinsteinioEs7[252,0829]8,848609961952Seaborg100FermioFm7[257,0951]9,7 1527-1952Seaborg101MendelevioMd7[258,0986]10,3 1521-1955Seaborg102NobelioNo7[259,1009]9,9 827-1958Seaborg103LaurensioLr7, 3[260,1053]14,4 1627-1961Ghiorso104RutherfordioRf7, 4[261,1087]17 210055001964/69Flerov105DubnioDb7, 5[262,1138]21,6 --1967/70Flerov106SeabörgioSg7, 6[263,1182]23-24 --1974Flerov107BohrioBh7, 7[262,1229]26-27 --1976Oganessian108HassioHs7, 8[265]27-29 --1984GSIGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Soçietæ pe o studio di ioni pesanti.109MeitnerioMt7, 9[266]27-28 --1982GSI110DarmstadtioDs7, 10[269]26-27 --1994GSI111RœntgenioRg7, 11[272]22-24 --1994GSI112CopernicioCn7, 12[285]14 2833401996GSI113NihonioNh7, 13[284]16 43011302004JINR,Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Istitüo unïo de reçerca nucleâ. LLNLLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Laboratorio naçionâ Lawrence Livermore.114FlerovioFl7, 14[289]11,4 284-1999JINR115MoscovioMc7, 15[288]13,5 40011002004JINR, LLNL116LivermorioLv7, 16[292]12,9 364-507762-8621999LBNLLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Laoeio naçionâ Lawrence Berkeley.117TenessioTs7, 17[294] 7,1-7,3 350-5506102010JINR118OganesceOg7, 18[294] 7,2 521772002JINR
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