Kasubi Tombs

Amasiro g'ekasubi  mu Kampala, Uganda, kye kifo awaaziikibwa ba ssekabaka bana (ba kabaka ba Buganda abaafa) n’abalala ab’olulyo lw'Abaganda  olulangira .N’ekyavaamu, ekifo kino kusigala nga kifo kikulu mu by’omwoyo n’ebyobufuzi eri Abaganda, era ng'ekyokulabirako ekikulu ku nzimba ey'ennono. Gaafuuka ekifo ky'ekitongole ky'amawanga amagatte ekitwala eby'obuwangwa munsi yonna   (UNESCO  World Heritage Site) mu Mwezi ogw'ekkumineebiri 2001, bweganyonnyolwa ng'ekimu  ku bizimbe  ebitasangika ekikozesa ebizimbisibwa eby'obutonde mu ttundutundu ly'Afirika lyonna eriri wansi w'eddungu Sahara"  .

Ebimu ku bizimbe eby'enkizo ebyaliyo kumpi byasaanyizibwawo obutalekaawo kantu konna,  omuliro ogwakwata mu mwezi ogwokusatu ogw'omwaka 2010, ng'ekyaguvirako  kiri kikyanoonyerezebwa. Ekyavaamu, mu mwezi ogwomusanvu 2010 kyateekebwa ku lukalala lw’ebifo eby'enono  eby'enkizo mu nsi yonna ebiri mu katyabaga . 

Obwakabaka bwa Buganda buweze okuddamu okuzimba amasiro ga bakabaka baabwe era omukulembeze w’eggwanga Museveni yategeeza nti gavumenti y’eggwanga lya Uganda egenda okuyambako mu kuzzaawo ekifo . Okuddamu okuzimba kwatandika mu 2014, nga kuvujjirirwa gavumenti ya Japan.  Oluvannyuma lw'okuzzaawo ebizimbe mu 2023, ekifo kino kyaggyibwa ku lukalala lw'ebiri mu katyabaga. 

 Amasiro 
Ekifo kino eky’omugaso mu nsi yonna kiriko ekiteya 26 (ze yiika 64 ) ku kasozi Kasubi mu kibuga Kampala,  kilo mmita nga ttaano  (3.1 mi) obukiikakkono bw'obugwanjuba bw'amasekkati g'ekibuga. Ekifo ekisinga obungi ttaka lya bulimi eriggule nga lirimibwa nga bakozesa amagezi  ag'ekinnansi. Ensonda emu erimu olubiri lw’obwakabaka olwazimbibwa Muteesa I mu 1882, Kabaka wa Buganda ow’omulundi ogw'amakumi asatu, okudda mu kifo ky’olubiri olwazimbibwa kitaawe, Ssuuna II mu 1820. Olubiri olupya lwafuuka ekifo eky’okuziikamu bakabaka n'ab'olulyo olulangira bwe yafa mu 1884. Ekifo kino kye kimu ku masiro g'olulyo olulangira amakumi asatu mwerimu  (31) okwetoloola obwakabaka bwa Buganda okuva obwakabaka bwe bwatandikibwawo mu kyasa eky’ekkumi n’essatu (13th century ). Mu nnono, enjole ya ssekabaka yaziikibwanga mu kifo kimu, nga waliwo ekiggwa eky’enjawulo eky’eggumba ly’akawangake , nga kirowoozebwa nti mwe muli emmeeme ye. Mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo, ekifo kino mu Kampala kirimu entaana za ba ssekabaka ba Buganda bana:

 Muteesa I (1835–1884) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo.
 Mwanga II (1867–1903) (yafiira mu buwanganguse ku bizinga bya Seychelles, era enjole ye yaddizibwa mu 1910)
 Daudi Chwa II (1896-1939) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo.
 Sir Edward Muteesa II (1924–1969) (yafiira mu buwanganguse e London, era enjole ye yaddizibwa mu 1971).

Bazzukulu ba bassekabaka bano abana baziikibwa walala mu kifo kino.

Ensalo z'ekifo kino zaakubwa mu 1882 ku kasozi Kasubi, era akamanyiddwa ng'amasiro ga ba Ssekabaka. Ensalo zikyalambiddwa emiti emituba, ezikakuumye okuva ku nkulaakulana y'abatuuze kati eyeetoolodde ekifo kino ku njuyi zonna. Ekitundu ekikulu ekyamasiro kiri mu bukiikakkono bw’obuvanjuba b’ekifo ekigazi. Ennyumba y’omulyango omukulu ( eyitibwa Bujjabukula ). Eno yali nnyumba ya ssekabaka Muteesa eyasooka ,ng'ennyumba enkulu Muzibwazaalampanga ekyazimbibwa .Eno esinga kumanyibwa nga ennyumba ey'abakuumi abaggazi, era omukuumi omukulu ava mu kika eky'obutiko ng'aweebwa ekitiibwa ekya Mulamba. Omukuumi amyuka ono ava mu kika kya Mbogo ng'ono aweebwa ekitiibwa ekya Nsigo. Bano bombi emirimu gyabwe gya nsikirano nga ssinga omu abeera afudde, obwakabaka buddayo mu kika omugenzi mwava nebasaba omuweereza omulala okutwala emirimu n'obuvunaanyizibwa mu maaso . Nsigo aliwo mu kiseera kino omwaka guno 2026 yatandika obuvunaanyizibwa obwo ku myaka kkumi na mukaaga  nga kati ali mu myaka kikumi n'omusobyo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ya5gAveyM8M. ekifuula ekifo  eky'enkizo. Bujjabukula ekutwala ku luggya olutono n’ennyumba y’eղղoma ( eyitibwa Ndoga-Obukaba ) omuli eղղoma za Ssekabaka Muteesa ow'oluberyeberye  . Eղղoma ezikuumibwa mu Bujjabukula za bika bisatu nga kuliko Mujaguzo, Bantadde ne Kanabba

olwo, n’oluvannyuma okutuuka mu luggya olukulu olw’okubiri olw’ekulungirivu (Olugya ) olusangibwa ku ntikko y’olusozi, nga lwetooloddwa olukomera lw’emmuli.
Ennyumba enkulu ( Muzibu Azaala Mpanga ), eri  mmita amakumi asatu mwemu (31)  (102 ft) mu kwetooloola ne  mmita mussanvu  n'obuttundu butaano 7.5 ( ze ffuuti  amakumi abiri mu ttaano - 25 ) obuwanvu, esangibwa oluta lumu ensalo y’oluggya, ku bbali okwolekera omulyango oguyingira. Muzibu azaala Mpanga neetoloovu nga yakulanga eղղoma envunike . Mukusooka yali yazimbibwa okuva mu nkodo z'emiti , emmuli , essubi n'akadongo, ng'ensserekeddwa waggulu n'essubi erigulumidde ng'eղղoma eyeevunise n'emiti emiwanvu egigattiddwa ku migo amakumi ataano mwebiri  emyetoloovu ng'egy'ekibbo (Nga gino gikiikirira ebika amakumi  ataano mw'ebibiri eby'abaganda). Ebizimbisibwa eby’omulembe byateekebwako mu kudaabiriza okw'omuggundu okwasembayo mu mwaka gwa 1938 okwakolebwa Ssekabaka Muteesa II owa Buganda omuli ebyuma ebya ssitiilu,empagi eza seminti ,amatoffaali ng'okusinga byakwekebwa munda  kungulu nebibikkibwako ebizimbisibwa  eby'enonno. Empagi empetemu eyawansi ekutuusa ku bifo eby'enkizo ebiri munda ebyawuddwa  empagi z'emmuli,n'embugo eziwundiddwa nokutonaatonebwa ,n'ebifaananyi bya ba ssekabaka.Amasiro gali munda mu kifo ekiyitiwa ekibira nga gasiikiriziddwa embugo obutalabibwa bantu. Wansi waaliriddwa  essubi etteete n'emikeeka egirukiddwa mu nsansa.

Oluggya nalwo lwetooloddwa enju eziwerako ez'enzimba  ey'enonno , omuli "ennyumba z'abazaana" eziwerako bannamwandu ba bassekabaka omugenzi, abalabirira amaziro .  Ennyumba zaabwe mu nonno zizimbibwa mmuli n'obuddongo nga ziriko obusolya obw'obusekende, wadde ng’ekiseera bwe kyagenda kiyitawo ezimu zaddamu okuzimbibwa n'amatofaali n’obusolya obw'ebyuma nebugattibwako n’amalaalo ag’enkolagana y’obwakabaka. N'era ge maka g’abantu b’olulyo olulangira, n’abakungu b’obwakabaka omuli Nalinya ( omukuumi era omulungamya w'ebyemwoyo ) , omumyuka we Lubuga ( avunaanyizibwa ku kukwasaganya ennima mu kifo kino) n’omuyambi we Katikkiro mu by’okuddukanya emirimu . N'era kye kifo ab'ekika ky'engo webakomagira okutonaatona ,okuwunda n'okuyooyota  embugo mu nonno era n'obukugu bw'okusereka mu nonno obw'ekika ky'engeye

Ennyumba yali erabirirwa era n'okuddukanyizibwa obwakabaka bwa Buganda, obusinga obunenne ku bwakabaka ob'wemirundi ena obwedda mu Uganda, okutuusa , lwe bwawererbwa ssaabaminisita ( Pulezidenti mu kiseera ekyo ) Milton Obote mu 1966, era nate oluvannyuma bwazzibwawo Pulezidenti Museveni mu 1993. Kyafuuka ekifo ekikuumibwa mu mateeka ga Uganda mu 1972, era ettaka liwandiisiddwa mu mannya ga Kabaka ku lw’obwakabaka.

Ekifo kino kisigala nga kifo kya mugaso  mu by’omwoyo n’ebyobufuzi eri Baganda .   Mu mwaka gwa 2001, amasiro g'e Kasubi gaalangirirwa ng'ekifo eky'ekitongole ky'ensi yonna ekitwala eby'obuwangwa n'enono UNESCO. 

 Okwonoonebwa 
Nga 16 Omwezi ogwokusatu 2010, ku ssaawa nga bbiri n'ekitundu ez'ekiro, amasiro g'e Kasubi gaayonoonebwa omuliro.  Ekyavaako omuliro  tekinnamanyibwa. Obwakabaka bwa Buganda busuubizza okukola okunoonyereza okwetongodde ku muliro guno, wamu ne poliisi y’eggwanga.  

John Baptist  Walusimbihttps://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/four-eventful-years-at-the-helm-1504906#google_vignette, Katikkiro wa Buganda, yategeezezza nga 17 March:
Obwakabaka bukungubaga. Tewali bigambo kunyonnyola kufirizibwa kuleeteddwa kikiolwa kino eky'obukambwe
-The Guardian
Ebisigalira bya ba Ssekabaka tebiriiko kamogo okusinziira ku Walusimbi, engeri ekiffo webaagalamizibwa  wekyakuumiddwa obutayonoonebwa

Nga 17 Omwezi ogwokusatu 2010, Ssaabasajja Kabaka wa Buganda, Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, ne pulezidenti wa Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, baakyalirako amasiro.   Ebikumi n’ebikumi by’abantu nabo baatindigga okugenda mu masiro okuyambako okutaasa byonna ebyali bisigaddewo. 

Obujagalalo bwabalukawo pulezidenti ng'akyadde. Ab’ebyokwerinda baakuba abeekalakaasi babiri amasasi nebafa (alipoota ezimu zigamba nti basatu) era kigambibwa nti bataano baalumizibwa.   Abajaasi ba Uganda ne poliisi nabo baalwanagana n'abayeekera mu kibuga ekikulu Kampala . Amagye gakozesezza omukka ogubalagala okugumbulula abaganda abeekalakaasa. 

Okwonooneka  kwabaawo wakati mu nkolagana etaali nnungi wakati wa gavumenti ya Uganda n’obwakabaka bwa Buganda naddala olw’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu mwezi gw'omwenda  ogwa 2009.  Ng’obwegugungo buno tebunnabaawo, Kabaka wa Buganda Ronald Muwenda Mutebi yayimirizibwa okulambula ebitundu by’obwakabaka bwe, era bannamawulire abawerako abagambibwa nti baali basaasira obwakabaka n’abeekalakaasi baakwatibwa ne balindirira okuwozesebwa.

 Ebyaddirira omuliro 
Abaddukanya obwakabaka bwa Buganda bwalayira (tofaali) okuddamu okuzimba amasiro era Pulezidenti Museveni n’ategeeza nti gavumenti y’eggwanga egenda okuyambako mu kuzzaawo amasiro gano.  

Akakiiko kaateekebwawo okuzuula ekyaviirako omuliro n’okufa kw'abantu abaabulijjo mu nnaku ezaddirira. Akakiiko kano kaakwasa gavumenti ya Uganda alipoota mu Mwezi ogwokusatu 2011, naye  omwezi ogwokuna 2012  wegwatuukira, yali tennafulumizibwa eri bantu.  Omwezi gw'ekkumineebiri  2012 wegatuukira, enteekateeka y’okuzzaawo amasiro ’e Kasubi yali etongozeddwa n'obuyambi okuva wabweru w'eggwanga .  Gavumenti ya Buganda kati etadde essira ku by’okwerinda mu kiseera ky’okuzzaawo ebigenda okukugira okuyingira mu masiro. 

Mu kwanukula kino, obubaka bwasindikibwa nga buyita mu kitongole kya UNESCO ekya Japanese Funds-in-Trust for the Preservation of the World Cultural Heritage okutondawo enkola y’okuziyiza okuddamu okuzimba entaana zino. Okusinziira ku byavayo mu babaka , gavumenti ya Japan yasalawo okuwa ensimb pulojekiti okuddamu okuzimba amasiro, okuggyibwa ku lukalala lw’ebifo eby'enkizo mu mu nsi yonna ebiri mu katyabaga, okuteekawo enteekateeka ennuղղamu ey’okuziyiza akabi n’okusindika abakugu mu kuzzaawo ebintu by’obuwangwa.  

 Ebijuliziddwa 




















 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ya5gAveyM8M

 Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia 


 Amalaalo ga Bassekabaka ba Buganda e Kasubi, UNESCO World Heritage Center
 Amalaalo g'e Kasubi
 Kasubi Tombs Digital Media Archive (ebifaananyi ebirina layisinsi za creative commons, laser scans, panorama), nga tukozesa data okuva mu nkolagana y’okunoonyereza eya Skybucket 3D/Plowman-Craven/ CyArk
 Omuliro Gusaanyizzaawo Amalaalo g'e Kasubi, Uganda Daily Monitor, 17 March 2010

Category:Buganda