Engeri ez'enjawulo ez'okuzimbamu emiramwa gy'ekibalangulo mu Luganda(the different techniques of forming mathwords in Luganda Language)

Nsiimye aba IALI NGO okuba nga baweerezza eri Wikipidiya ey'Oluganda emiramwa egy'enjawulo mu sayansi n'ekibalangulo okuva mu kunoonyereza n'ebiwandiiko byange eby'enjawulo kati bye nninako n'obwannanyini obwampeebwa Intellectual Property Office wano mu Uganda. 

IALI NGO eno , nze nga Muwanga Charles na giwa olukusa okubatusaako emiramwa egyo abantu baffe mu biti eby'enjawulo bagitegeere era abasomesa bagikozese mu kusomesa oba okuyigiriza abaana b'eggwanga awatali kumala kunsaba era nzikiriza ne Luganda Wikipediya emiramwa gino gikozesebwe abantu bonna nga bagyogera mu mboozi zaabwe ne mu kubaganya ebirowoozo mu misomo egy'enjawulo oba mu kwogera okwa bulijjo ku bwereere awatali kuntuukirira kufuna lukusa.

Kyokka olw'okuba emiramwa gino ngirinako obwa nnannyini mu buwandiike okuva mu kitongole kya IP wano mu Uganda ate nga ntaddemu ebiseera n'ensimbi zange ng'omuntu kinnoomu nnyingi,  buli oyo yenna ayagala "okugikozesa okuwandiika ebitabo"  alina okufuna olukusaa okuva gyendi ng'amateeka ga Uganda bwe galagira.

Wabaddewo abo ababadde bagamba nti kye nkoze okuzimba emiramwa gino kubadde kuteekawo olulimi olwange. Ekyo bakyogera lwa butamanya kubanga ennimi zonna mu Nsi zizze zikulaakulana mu miramwa egya sayansi nga gyeyambisa obukodyo bwe bumu  nga buno bwe nkozesezza bwe ngenda okukulaga wansi.

Engeri eziri ku mutindo ogw’ensi yonna ez’okutondekawo ebigambo ebirimu emiramwa egya sayansi n’ekibalngulo era zengoberedde mu kuzimba emiramwa mu egy'enjawulo ze zino:

(i)	Okugaziya amakulu g’ekigambo(semantic extension).Okugaziya amakulu g’ekigambo ekibaddewo kyokka nga amakulu gaakyo galimu omulamwa ogwetaagibwa okugandawaza.Eky’okulabirako:

•	Okusonjola (to define) kigattibwako amakulu amalala mu kibalo: “okusonjola” (to simplify).

•	Okulambulula (to explain, to make clear) kigattibwako amakulu amalala mu kibalo: “okulambulula”(to factor).

•	Ekibalangulo (archaic word referring to a place for sharpening weapons) kigattibwako amakulu amalala: “ekibalangulo” (a subject that sharpens the mind, mathematics).                

Okugaziya amakulu kuba kwewola kwa munda (intra-language borrowing).Mu kwewola okwo munda ebigambo ebimu ebibadde bikozesebwa nga birina amakulu agayinza okukwataganyizibwa n’ago agali mu miramwa egiri mu nnimi ezakulaakulana edda biteekebwako amakulu ago agetaagisa kyokka nga n’amakulu gabyo egabaddewo bigasigazza.

(ii)	Okwewola ebigambo obutereevu okuva mu nnimi endala (interlanguage borrowing). Tusobola okwewola ebigambo okuva butereevu mu nnimi endala olwo ne bigandanizibwa. Eky’okulabirako “yingini”(engine), yingiyologiya(engeneering),eratekinologiya(erectronics), n’ebirala.

(iii)	Okugatta ebigambo. Nga weyambisa okugatta ebigambo oyinza okufuna emiramwa egy’enjawulo nga endagamuntu (identity card) ,endagabutonde(DNA) ,“omukwataganyo ogwa kifuulannenge”(inverse function), omugereko ogwa kifuulannenge(the inverse of a set), omusingi gwa namba(number base) ,Nnyongobbiri(binomial), nnyingemu(monomial), nnyingosatu(trinomial). Mu  kugatta ebigambo ekinyukuto tekikyuka.

(iv)	Okugattika ebigambo.Eky’okulabirako ekigambo ekifundiwazo buba bufunze bwa kigambululo : “ekigambo ekyatulwa mu bufunze bwakyo”.Ate omulamwa gw’enfundiwazo  buba bufunze bwa kigambululo: “ennyukuta enfuze”.Omugerageranyo(ratio) kuba kigattika ebigambo ebiri mu kigambululo: “omuwendo omugerageranya” ;  ‘ekigerageranyo(rate) kuba kugattika ebigambo ebiri mu kigambululo: “ekibalo ekigerageranya”. Awo oba okiraba nti mu kugattika ebigambo ekinyukuto(spelling) kikyukamu naye ate mu kugatta ebigambo ekinyukuto tekikyuka nga mu endagabungi(quantifier) ekiva mu kugatta ebigambo “endaga”+ “bungi”.

(v)	Okukyusa okuva mu njogeza emu okudda mu ndala.Enjogeza (form of speech)

(vi)	Nalinnya.Kino kitegeeza emiramwa egisibuka mu mannya g’abantu.Eky’okulabirako ensiri Mukwaya (Mukwaya mosquito), enjuba Muwanga (our solar system), kkala za Musoke (rainbow colours), eggereeso lya payisoggolaasi, enkulungo ya Nakayima (the planet Pluto), n’emiramwa emirala mingi olulimi oluyivuwavu gye luyinza okujja mu mannya g’abantu.

(vii)	Ebifundiwazo.Ekifundiwazo(acronym) ziba nfundiwazo(abbreviations) ezatulwa nga ebigambo so si nnyukuta.Eky’okulabirako KACITA,  TASO, EKKAMUSO(Rainbow), NESI(GCF), EESE (LCM),EkkyO(IQ) , n’ebirala. 

(viii)	Enfundiwazo.Enfundiwazo ziba nnyukuta ensookeso (initials) ez’ebigambo.Eky’okulabirako DNA (Endagamuntu), KCCA. Wano okiraba nti mu kifo ky’okuwandiika ‘Kampala City Council Authority’ mu Bujjuvu owandiika KCCA. Nga tweyambisa enfundiwazo tuba tusobola okugandawaza  “Taabulo ya Erementi  za Kemiko” oluvannyuma lw’okwewola amannya ga erementi zino butereevu okuva mu lungereza ,olulattini oba oluyonaani. 

Mu kukulaakulanya oluganda mu sessomo ely’ekibalo , ngezezzaako nnyo nga bwe nsobola okwewala okwewola n’okugandawaza emiramwa egy’amasomo ag’ekikugu okuva obutereevu mu nnimi engwiira .Kye nkoze kwe  kuzimba emiramwa nga nkozesa  ebigambo ebiri mu luganda nga birina amakulu agayinza okufaanaganamu n’ago ag’ekikugu agali mu bigambo ebiri mu nnimi ezakulaakulana edda , naddala olungereza .

Mu miramwa gye ngasseeko amakulu ag’amasomo ag’ekikugu mwe muli omulamwa gwa “ekibalangulo”(Mathematics),Ekibalo(Maths) ,Okubalangula(to culturate), okubaza (to calculate), okubalanguza (to solve) , okusonjola(to simplify), ekisonjozo (characteristic), ekinnyonnyozo(mathematical property) , ekibazo(solution to a mathematical problem) ,n’ekikunizo(mathematical question/problem) .

Emirala gy’emiramwa nga okugendana(being proportional to) , okugendagana ne (being parallel to), layini ezigendagana(parallel lines), ekigendaganyo(paralleogram) , omugendaganyo (proportion) ,  omukwanaganyo(mathematical relation), omukwataganyo(mathematical function) , ekikwataganyo( coordinate) , okukwataganya (to map) , ekikwataganya(mapping diagram), ennyingo(term) , namayingo(polynomial), nnyingemu(monomial), nnyingobbiri(binomial),nnyingossatu(trinomial), kyebiriga(square), kyesatuza(cube), kyesimba(rectangle), eppeto (angle) ,  n’emirala mingi.

Okuva edda n’edda ng’okubaza (to plan/to calculate) kintu kikulu nnyo mu buwangwa bwaffe. Omuganda ow’obuwangwa yabeeranga mubaza era nga buli ky’akola amala kubaza. Abakulembeze ng’abakulu b’ebika baateekanga nnyo essira mu kuyigiriza abaana okubaza buli kye baba bagenda okukola.

Mu butuufu mu bulamu obw’enkulaakulana buli kintu kyetaaga okubaza ;  okugenda mu ntabaalo kusooka na kubaza, ntegeeza okweteekateekateeka ; okuteesa n’okukola  emikago nga nakwo kubaamu okubaza ; okusuubula mu byettunzi nakwo kwetaagisa okubaza ; okulima, okuzimba, okuweesa , n’ebyemikono byonna byetaagisa obumanyirivu bw’okubaza.

Okubaza oba okubalangula kikumanyisa omuwendo (value) gw’ekyo ky’oba oteekateeka okukola n’ebyetaagisa okutuuka ku muwendo oguleeta amagoba. Mu kibalo, omuwendo ogwo gulagibwa na namba  .Okusobola okuba omubalanguzi omulungi olina okunnyonnyooka  amateeka ag’ekibalangulo  agasooka , ate mu lulimi oluzaariranwa lw’osinga okutegeera.  

Ekibalo ekya bulijjo (ordinary maths) oba ekibalo ekyetaagisa mu obulamu obwa bulijjo kye kibalo eky’omuntu owa bulijjo, ntegeeza , omuntu atali kakensa mu sessomo lya kibalo kyeyetaaga okukola ku byetaago bye n’emirimu egy’enjawulo. Ekibalo ekya bulijjo era oyinza okukiyita ekibalo ekisookerwako (basic maths ),  kino nga ky’ekibalangulo  gw’okozesa buli lunaku mu bulamu bwo , awaka , ku mulimu oba ku somero oba ettendekero. 

Awaka, k’obe mulimi, mukozi wa mpeera oba musaala, musuubuzi , oba muyizi, oyinza okwetaagisa embalirira y’ensimbi z’oyingiza buli lunaku, buli wiiki , buli mwezi oba  buli mwaka . Entetenkanya y’ensimbi z’oyiniza (management of your income) ekuyamba okuzikozesa nga wewala okudbuuda n’okulaba nga obaako ne z’otereka oba z’osiga mu mirimu emirala , ekwetaagisa okuba omunnyonnyofu mu kibalo kya bulijjo(basic maths) ekitali kya kikugu. 

Eky’okulabirako singa buli mwezi oyingiza  akakadde k’ensimbi kamu(1,000,000=) , oyinza okutetenkanya ensimbi zino nga oterekako ebitundu 50%  , ebitundu 30% ne bigenda ku mmere ate ebitundu 20% ne bigenda ku  bintu eby’enjawulo nga obujjanjabi n’okwesanyusamu.

Ekyo waggulu kikulaga obumanyirivu obw’ekibalo ekya bulijjo obwetaagisa  mu bulamu bwo awaka.  Mu mbeera eyo waggulu olina okumanya okugatta, okwawuza, okuzuula ekigana (ekitundu ky’eggana/kikumi (%), awamu n’enkozesa y’emitonnyeze/emiwendo egy’obutonnyeze (decimals) n’emitunduwazo.emikutule (fractions). 

Ekibalangulo ekiganda(Ganda maths) kino kigenderera okuwa omuntu yenna obusobozi okutetenkanya  embalirira oba ekibalo kya buli ky’akola ka kube kulima, kubajja, kuzimba, oba mbalirira ya nsaasaanya ya nsimbi awaka oba mu busuubuzi.  

Nze omusajja wa Kabaka Muwanga Charles !

Ku lwa Katonda n'Ensi yange

Category:Ekibalangulo