OMUGASO

OMUGASO GWA ENNIMI ENZAALIRANWA MU KUYIGA

Nelson Mandela olumu yagamba nti “omuntu bw'omugambira mu lulimi lwe ategeera, ky'omugambye kigenda mu mutwe. Ekyo ky'omugambira mu lulimi lwe, kigenda mu mutima gwe”. Olulimi lwebirowoozo, ebijjiro nebimeeme byaffe kye ky'obugagga kyaffe ekisingayo omuwendo. 	

Okuzimba enjogeranya enneesimbu kwesigamye ku kussa kitiibwa mu nnimi. Kubanga ekyo kyonna ekikiikirila obulamu obulungi, na buli kiruubirilwa ky'enkulaakulana kyasanguzibwa mu lulimi, nebigambo ebirondobe obulungi ne bikissaamu obulamu wamu nokukimanyisa. 	

Ennimi ze zitufuula ekyo kye tuli; bwe tuzikuuma, tuba twekuuma.UNESCO nga ejaguza International Mother Language Day (Olunnaku Ttabansi olwa Ennimi Enzaalilanwa) olwa omulundi ogwa ekkumi ne esatu yalaga nga okukozesa olulimi oluzaaliranwa mu kuyiga kwa omu ssomero bwe kuli okwa amaanyi ennyo mu kutangira obutamanya kusoma na kuwandiika. UNESCO yakikkaatiriza nti abantu bwe bafiirwa olulimi lwabwe obunnabantu bwavuwazibwa. Awo nno ekyabakuŋŋaanya mu 2012 kwe kulwanirira eddembe/obuweebwa bwa buli omu asobole okuwulirizibwa, okuyiga ne okumanyisiganya / okuwuliziganya. Kuba buli lulimi lusaabaza ensikirwa eyongera ku bugunja yadde nga waliwo ebitwawula. 
Kishore Singh, Omuwandiisi owa Enjawulo owa United Nations ku Buweebwa bwa Ebyenjigiriza akiraga lwatu nti obuweebwa ku byenjigiriza eri abantu bonna kikulu nnyo naddala eri abo abakyammibbwa omukisa ogwo olwa enteekera (policies) ezitaganya bwenkanyi.  Enteekera eziganya obwenkanyi nkulu nnyo mu kufunyisa buli muntu obuyigilize awatali kusosolwa oba kusookoolwamu. UNESCO ewagira nnyo kaweefube wa okuziyiza obusosoze mu byenjigiriza obwelimbise mu “luse, langi, entondwa, olulimi, ensinza, ebyobufuzi, ensibuko kinnaggwanga oba kinnambeerabantu, embeera ya ebyenfuna oba obuzaale.” 	

Embeerabantu (societies) gye zigenda zeeyongera okubaamu obuwangwa obungi wamu ne amawanga amangi abantu mwe basibuka, kikulu nnyo okussa ekitiibwa mu buwangwa bwa bannaffe, ennimi zaabwe ne emiwendo gyabwe (their values), ate naddala mu byenjigiriza. Kubanga eno ye ntabiro esinga obukkaanya, okutumbula okutegeeragana ne okukolagana mu ngeri eyobumu mu bantu abasibuka mu bibinja ebyawufu. Omu ku banooonyereza Helen Pinnock, alaga nti ensonga ya olulimi mu byenjigiriza nkulu nnyo mu kukulaakulanya mu muyizi obukugu bwa okuyiga. Obukugu buno bwe buwanirira obuwanguzi bwa omuyizi era ne bukendeeza obungi bwaabo abava mu ssomelo. Ekitongole kya Save the Children kiraga nti ensi “eza kireebereebe” zeezo nga abaana baazo ebiseera ebimu okuyiga bakufunira mu lulimi lwe batayogera waka. Ripooti ekubira nga ekkaatiriza nti abakulu bekiyigisa, abakulembeze ba amawanga, ko ne abagabi ba obuyambi bateekwa okussa mu nkola ebyenjigiriza ebyesigamye ku nnimi enzaaliranwa ennyingi ate mu bwangu obwa ekitalo. 

Ripooti eyitibwa, “Language and Education: The Missing Link” elaga bulungi nga olulimi oluyigilwamu bwe luyinza okufunyisa obuyigilize obwa ensa ate ne okwongela ku mutindo gwa abayizi; so ate ela luyinza ne okufeebeza ddala kaweefube wa okuyigiliza. Ripooti eno egenda mu maaso ne okulaga nga enkola eyeesigamye ku nnini enzaalilanwa ennyingi mu byenjigiliza ela eyamba omwana okwenyigila obulungi ddala mu kuyiga kwe bwe eteekwa okutandikila mu lulimi lwe oluzaalilanwa, ne oluvannyuma ne egenda nga eyanja mpolampola ennimi endala mu ntegeka enzimbe obulungi ela etandila ku kutegeela okuli mu baana kwe baafunila mu lulimi olusooka oba oluzaalilanwa. Pinnock awagila ekya abaana okusomela mu lulimi oluzaalilanwa waakili emyaaka mukaaga egisooka. Ayongelako ne agamba nti ekiseela kino kiyamba okukulaakulanya mu mwana obukugu bwa ebyennimu obulala ne okumusobozesa okufuna obulungi ebyo bye ateekwa okuyiga. Omuwanguzi wa Ekilabo ekimanyibbwa nga Nobel Prize, Dr. Rigoberta Menchú alaga okwennyamila bwe agamba nti, “Abantu bangi bamanyi okwetoziila okuba mu ssomelo. Abalala bamanyi bwe kili ddala entabwe eviilako abaana okuva mu ssomelo. Kuba abaana bangi, ekibaleetela okutendewalilwa ne okusaalilwa tekiva ku misanvu egilabika oba ku nsimbi, wabula lwa ekyo ekyabasalilwawo basomesebwe mu lulimi lwe batategeela.” Omwana obukugu bwe atabufunila mu lulimi lwe oluzaalilanwa, okuyiga kwe okwa omu ssomelo mu lulimi olugwila kumpi tekusoboka. Ripooti yennyini eno elaga nti obukozi bwa abayizi obususse okubeela obwa omutindo ogwa wansi mu nsi nnyingi buva lulimi mwe bayigila. Mu nsi omuli ennimi ennyingi, nga abantu tebakunnakulaakulana, ne abasinga obungi nga babeela mu byalo, ne abandi nga tebasobola kuyigila mu nnimi zaabwe enzaalilanwa; ripooti eno egamba nti essila lissibwe ku bantu ba omu bitundu ebyo okuyiga kwa abantu we kuli wansi ela nga ne ennimi engwila oba ezicaaka gye zitakozeselezebwa. Pinnock awa amagezi nti okukyusa okudda mu lulimi lwa abayizi olusooka / oluzaalilanwa kujja kubanguyiza okuyiga wamu ne okubassa ku ddaala kwe babeelela abawanguzi mu bye bakola. Okunoonyeleza nate kulga nti abayizi abayigila mu nnimi zaabwe enzaalilanwa banguyilwa nnyo okuyiga ne okukozesa enninmi endala. Awo nno ekya abazadde okwagala abaana baabwe okuyiga ennimi encaasi kileme kutwalibwa nga nsonga elimu ensa ela eweza ennimi enzaalilanwa. Ne ekisingila ddala, ennimi enzaalilanwa zisobola bulungi okuyamba omuntu okuyiga ennimi endala zonna. Abasomesa gye bakoma okuyamba abaana okukozesa ne okukulaakulanya ennimi zaabwe enzaalilanwa, abaana gye bakoma okusobola okukola obulungi mu byokuyiga, omuli ne obukugu bwa okuyiga ne okweeambisa olulimi olwa okubili. Abayizi abateekebbwateekebbwa obulungi okubeela abawanguzi bayiga bulungi ensonga zonna ze bafunila mu lulimi lwabwe ela ne banguyilwa okudda mu kuyigila mu Lungeleza oba Olulimi olulala lwonna nga ekiseela ekituufu kituuse. 		

Abamu beekwasa ensonga ya ensaasaanya ku bikozesebwa etesoboka. Sheldon Shaeffer, eyaliko Omukulu wa UNESCO agamba nti ekizibu kya ensaasaanya ne ebikozesebwa kimulungulikika; “Ekizibu okumulungula kye ekiyinza (State) okuba ne ensonga eli e buziba kyokka nga teyogelwa eyeesigamibwako okugaana okukozesa olulimi oluzaalilanwa — okutya nti kino kijja kufunyisa abantu aba ekibinja ekimu obuyinza batuuke ne okujeemela ekifuzi, olwo obumu bwa eggwanga bube mu katyabaga. Ekiwakanilo ekituufu kiteekwa kuba nti ebibinja bya abantu ebilina obuwangwa ne olulimi ekifuzi bye kitwala okuba nga bikkilizibwa, nga bya muwendo, ela nga kitakabanila okubitumbula wattu biba biwulize nnyo eli eggwanga.”Pinnock amenya ebiyinza okubaawo okuba ne ensomesa ya omu lulimi entuufu:Ennimi abantu ze bakozeseza ewaabwe mu bulamu obwa bulijjo ze ziteekwa okuyigilwamu mu kuyiga kwa abato ne ku ddaala nnakasooka (primary).Abaana balina kuyiga kusoma nga basookela mu lulimi lwabwe lwe basinga okumanya, olwa okumalilayo ddala obusobozi bwabwe mu kutegeela, okuwandiika ne okusoma. Olulimi lwa abaana oluzaalilanwa lulina okukulaakulanyizibwa ku ddaala nnakasooka lyonna (ne okusukkawo) olwa okutumbula obukulaakulanyi bwa okutegeela.Enzilukanya ya okutendekebwa ne obukozi bwa abasomesa eteekwa okufa ku bino:a) Okuyamba ne okufunyisa abasomesa ebyetaago basobole okutegeela obulungi olulimi ne obuwangwa obuwanilidde okutegeela kwa abaana abo;b) Okutegeela enkulaakulana ya olulimi (muno nga mwe otwalidde omugaso gwa Olulimi 	Oluzaalilanwa, abaana nga bwe bayiga olulimi, bwe bayiga okusoma, ne ebilala.);			
c) 	Okutegeela enkolagana eli wakati wa Olulimi Oluzaalilanwa ne enkulaakulana ya Olulimi 	olwa Okubili wamu ne obutuukamu bwa ensomesa yaazo zombi.

Ebisomesebwa omuyizi bwe bimuweelwa mu lulimi lwe atamanyilidde, ebiseela bingi nnyo ebiteekwa okumalibwa okusomesa abaana okutegeela, okwogela, okusoma ne okuwandiika mu Lulimi olwa Okubili oba Olugwiila. Kino nno kizibu nnyo ate kyonoonela emyaka mingi ku mutendela ogusooka so nga emyaka egyo abaana bandigimalidde ku kuyiga okusoma ne okuyiga ebitegeelo bya obuyivu mu Lulimi lwabwe Olusooka. Abaana abatasobola kutegeela lulimi olukozesebwa mu kibiina, balemwa okwolesa kye bamanyi, okubuuza, ne okwenyigila mu kuyiga. So nga abaana bwe baweebwa omukisa ne batandikila mu lulimi lwe bategeela okuviila ddala ku lunaku olusooka mu ssomelo—wabaawo enkizo ya maanyi mu byenjigiliza, mu basomesa, mu bazadde ne mu bayizi bennyini. 

Okuyigila mu nnimi enzaalilanwa kwongela ku kufunyisa obuyigilize. Abaana bwe baba bategeela olulimi oluyigilwamu  batandika okuyiga ku myaka emituufu ela ne basoma nga teboosa ela ne basigala nga tebavudde mu ssomelo; okusinga aba abayigila mu lulimi olugwila. Obubaka obusobola okukenenulwa obwaggyibwa mu nsi 22 ezikyaakula wamu ne mu bibinja bya ennimi 160 bwalaga nga abaana abaalina omukisa okuyigila mu nnimi zaabwe enzaalilanwa bangi ku bo baafaanana okwewandiisa ne okusigala mu masomelo, so nga abo abaataalina mukisa gwa kuyigila mu nnimi zaabwe eyo ye yali ensonga eya amaanyi eyabaddusanga mu masomelo. Ate mu kunoonyeleza okwali e Mali, abayizi ba omu bibiina abaayigilanga mu nnimi zaabwe enzaalilanwa baakilanga emilundi etaano bannabwe abaddanga mu bibiina olwa okuyigilanga mu lulimi olugwila, ela baakilanga emilundi egisoba mu esatu obutava mu ssomelo ku bannaabwe abaayigilanga mu lulimi olugwila.
“An analysis of data from 22 developing countries and 160 language groups revealed that children who had access to instruction in their mother tongue were significantly more likely to be enrolled and attending school, while a lack of education in a first language was a significant reason for children dropping out (Smits et al., 2008). In another study in Mali, students in classrooms that used children‘s first languages as the language of instruction were five times less likely to repeat the year and more than three times less likely to drop out (Bender et al., 2005).” 

Kino kili kityo lwa kuba nga emikisa gya okukuumila abaana mu ssomelo gili waggulu bwe baba basobola okutegeela ne okuyiga mu ngeli ebanguyiza okubaako bye beekolela mu lulimi lwe bategeela. 

Kyongela ku mutindo gwa okusoma ne okuyiga. Omuntu okuba nga asobola okusoma ne okuwandiika obulungi mu lulimi lwe oluzaalilanwa kimuyamba mu kukulaakulanamu obutegeezi mu lulimi ne okumanya okuzingile awamu, kwe ossa ne okukola obulungi mu byokuyiga / byomukibiina (Ball, 2010). Waliwo obukakafu okuva mu Cameroon, India, Mali, Filipino, South Africa, Vietnam, ne awalala obulaga nga bwe kili ekya omugaso okuyigila mu nnimi ezimanyiliddwa. Ekisooka, abaana bayiga mu bwangu singa olulimi oluyigilwamu luba olwo lwe boogela, kuba baba ne enkuluze yaalwo mu bo, obusobozi bwa okuzimba ebijjilo ne ebilowoozo ne okubyogela. Okumanya kuno kwe baba nakwo mu kusooka kubayamba nnyo okuyiga ne okukakasa okusoma wamu ne okutegeela ebiwandiike. 

Kisobozesa okuyiga Olulimi olwa Okubili oba Olugwila. 
Omuntu bwe aba akazizza olulimi lwe olusooka ne ebitegeelo lukulwe ebiwanilila okuyiga ayanguyilwa okukulaakulanamu obutegeezi obwa awamu obweetaagibwa okuyiga amangu ela mu bwangu olulimi olulala, okulusoma ne okuluwandiika.

Kyongela ku mutindo gwa okwekkililizaamu ne okuba ne embala.
Omuntu bwe ayigila mu lulimi oluzaalilanwa, obuwangwa bwa awaka ne okumanya okwa omu nnono byongelwako bwongelwa ate ne bikulaakulanyizibwa. Abaana bafuna okwekkililizaamu ne okusanyukila embala yaabwe. Abaana aba engeli eyo bakola bulungi nnyo mu ssomelo okusinga abo abakakibwa okuyigila mu lulimi lwe batamanyi ela olugwila, kuba kino kisaabulula mu basingila ddala obungi okwekkililizaamu kwabwe. (Ball, 2010).

Kiwanilila obuwangwa bwa ekitundu ne obweeabi bwa abazadde. Ebyokuyiga bwe bibeela mu lulimi oluzaalilanwa byongela okusembeza obuwangwa bwa abantu mu byenjigiliza wamu ne okumanya kwabwe. Kino kitaba olutindo wakati obuyigilize obutongole ne obwebulungulule bwaabwe. Embeela eno esobozesa abazadde okwetaba obulungi mu kuyiga kwa abaana wamu ne ebigenda ku ssomelo ko ne okuwagila ebyenjigiliza kuba omuziziko gwa olulimi olukozesebwa mu byenjigiliza guba guggyibbwaawo. Kino bwe kitabaawo abazadde oba abo abaweelela abaana nga tebeegazaanyiza mu lulimi luyigilwamu, batya okulondoola abaana baabwe ela ne bamaliliza nga be beebuuza ku baana abo.

Gulere Wambi Cornelius (2002) alagila ddala nti Olulimi Oluzaalilanwa gwe musingi gwa Kayazanfuna owa Embeelabantu (social capital) (e.g.Obuntubulamu). Ensonga eno nkulu nnyo kuba ye ewanilidde okukula kwa embeelabantu. Olulimi lwe lutabaganya engagalano za abantu mu kwetumbula bo bennyini ate ela nga kino kyennyini kimu ku bintu ebikola kayazanfuna. Noolweekyo, olulimi luteekwa lukwaatibwe nga Ekkula so si nga ekigwaawo obugwi nga tuli mu nkwajjilila ya okukulaakulana. Olulimi gwe muyungo gwa obusimu bwaffe oba gwe musaayi gwennyini. 

Olulimi Oluzaalilanwa lwanguyiza omuyizi ela ne ayolesa enkalila eziwanilila obuwanguzi:
Omuyizi bwe  atakaluubililwa....Yeetuma ela
 	Yeezuulila ela ebigendelelwa ne emilimu ebya okuyiga kwe abifaako ku lulwe 
 	Teyeeganya kukola 
 	Yeesalila yekka ebiseela mwe akolela 
 	Aba ne olukalala lwa ebikolebwa buli kiseela ate nga afaayo 
 	Akola bulungi nga teli amulabiliza	 	

Omuyizi akaluubililwa...Yeeganya okukola 
 	Tafa ku mize gye egitamuyamba
 	Taba na lukalala lwa bikolebwa mu biseela ebigele 

Ku nsonga ya Obugunja / Obuyiiya, omuyiza atakaluubililwa...
 	Yettanila nnyo emilimu emiggya ela anoonya buli mukisa gwa kuyiga we guli 
 	Anoonya okuyambibwa buli we kisobokela
 	Emmeeme ye eyaayaanila okuyiga 
 	Agezaako ebikolebwa mu kuyiga ebya enjawulo 
 	Embeela za okuyiga empya azaŋŋanga ne okwekkililizaamu kungi 

Ate omuyizi akaluubililwa ... Emilimu emiggya amala geekolela  
 	Tafaayo kufuna kuyambibwa we aba asanze 
 	Ne ekizibu we kili tamanyaawo 
 	Taba na kwekkililizaamu singa embeela ya okuyiga empya ebalukawo 

Ku kumaliliza emilimu gye akolela awaka – omuyizi atakaluubililwa... 
 	Afuba okukola emilimu egyeetaaga kaweefube owa amaanyi 
 	Ebimulagiddwa abigobelela ela emilimu ne agimaliliza ne obwegendeleza
 	Ebiseela abikozesa bulungi 
 	Afaayo ku kalonda 
 	Tasala ku maanyi ge ayolesa nga akola  	 	

Sso ate omuyizi akaluubililwa ...Ebisomelwamu tabitegeka bulungi, oluusi abileka waka 
 	Emilimu egyetaaga okufuba tagimalilako biseela 
 	Amaanyi ge assaamu gasinziila ku mbeela  
 	Emilimu egikolwa awaka oluusi tagimaliliza 

Ku nneeyambisa ya ya Obumanyisa, omuyizi atakaluubililwa...
 	Obwanguyiza obumufunyisa obumanyisa abweyambisa bulungi	 	

Ate omuyizi akaluubililwa... Tamanyi kya kukola mpozzi nga waliwo amugambye 

Ku nkolagana ne abalala, omuyizi atakaluubililwa...
 	Agabana ne banne ebiyamba mu kuyiga 
 	Ayagala okukola ne banne 
 	Aba ne obuvunaanyizibwa mu kibinja, kibiina 
 	Assawo enkolgana ennungi ne banne wamu ne abakulu ku ye 
 	Agondela bulungi ebilagilo bya ekibiina ne ebya essomelo 
 	Ayamba abalala	 	

Ate oyo akaluubililwa... kimuzibuwalila okugondela ebilagilo bya ekibiina ne essomelo 
 	Asoomooza abakulembeze, tassa kitiibwa mu bamusinga bukulu  
 	Tassa kitiibwa, bintu na ndowooza za balala 
 	Oluusi tasobola kukola oba kuzannya oba kukolagana bulungi na balala 

Ku kumalawo Obukuubagano, omuyizi atakaluubililwa...
 	Aba mweteefuteefu okuluŋŋamizibwa, okukkiliza ensobi ne okukyusa mu nneeyisa 
 	Emilelembe agimalawo mu ngeli ennungi 	 	

ate oyo akaluubililwa... Yeetaaga okulyowebwa ku busungu bwe 
 	Munaawuuzi wa ntalo / musombi wa kabi
 	Emilelembe tagimalawwo mu ngeli nnungi 

Ku nsonga ya Okwetaba mu Kibiina, omuyizi atakaluubililwa...
 	Aleeta ebilowoozo wamu ne okwongela ku kumanya mu kibiina 
 	Yeenyigila mu bikolebwa mu kibiina ne ekibinja kye 
 	Ayamba kwagazisa abalala ne okubazzaamu amaanyi 
 	Akkiliza okubaako kye akola ku mulimu oguba gubaweelebbwa	 	

Ate oyo akaluubililwa...Tasobola kuwuliliza balala nga tababambidde 
 	Aleka abalala ne bakola byabwe 
 	Talina mutemwa gwe yeewa kukola 

Ku kumulungula Ekizibu, omuyizi atakaluubililwa...
 	Ayagala nnyo okugezaako ekipya ne okuwaawo amagezi agayinza okumulungula ekizibu 	 

Ate oyo akaluubililwa... Bulijjo abuuza kiyinza kukolebwa 
 	Akemmentelelwa okumulungula ebizibu ku lulwe 

Ku kweteelawo Ebiluubililwa ebiyamba okukola obulungi
 	Azuula ela ne anyweza ebyo ebilungiya omulimu gwe
 	Azuula ebiluubililwa ela ne abifubilila ku lulwe  
 	Akulaakulanya engeli katuukiliza okuliyilila ebyo bye alinamu obunafu ebiyinza okumusubya okutuuka ku biluubililwa bye. 
 	Alemelako alabe nga atuuka ku biluubililwa ela we kyetaagisa akola ne emilimu emilala ko ne okufuna obuyambi okuva mu banne 
 	Omulimu gwe agulamula mu ngeli ya kagobansonga ela yezzaamu yekka amaanyi okukola ebilungi 

Ate oyo akaluubililwa... Omulimu aguwaayo nga tamaze kugweekenneenya ela abeela mumativu ne ekitono kye asobola okufuna 
 	Yeesigama nnyo ku bazadde be okwenyigila mu bye akola, okusalawo ekya okukola, ne okulamula omulimu gwe
 	Takkiliza bimugambibwa ku nsoma ye 
 	Si mweteefuteefu kufuna buyambi kuva walala 
 	Abeela mumativu ne obukugu obwa wansi 
 	Ebiluubililwa bye abifuna ela ne abifubako lwa bazadde aba amaanyi.

KILYOSE TUSSE EKITIIBWA MU BUWANGWA MBALA (IDENTITY) YAFFE ERA TUGYEYAGALIREMU, TULYOKE TUTUUKE KU BUWANGUZI OBWA NNAMADDALA.