Phoronida

Phoronida sunt animalia marina, immobilia, inter organa principalia lophophorum possidentia, atque tubum e chitino factum, in quo vivunt, construentia. In taxinomia zoologica tamquam phylum habentur. Phoronida, Brachiopoda, et Bryozoa lophophorum habent, quod cognationem eorum arctam demonstrat, unde et tria phyla haec in superphylum Lophophoratorum iunguntur.G. Giribet & G. D. Edgecombe (2020) The Invertebrate Tree of Life (Princetoniae–Oxonii: Princeton University Press, ISBN 9780691170251). Phoronida, pp. 449–454].Temereva, Helena N. (2017) Innervation of the lophophore suggests that the phoronid Phoronis ovalis is a link between phoronids and bryozoans. Scientific Reports, 7: 14440.

PhylumHatschek, B. (1888) Lehrbuch der Zoologie. 1. Lieferung. Ienae: Gustav Fischer. 144 pp. e Phoronide, genere maximo nomen accepit. Φορωνίς vero est unum e pronominibus tum Isidis, Aegyptiorum deae,Wright, T. S. (1856) Description of two tubicolar animals. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, New Series, 4: 313–316.  tum Ious, amantis Iovis in mythologia Graeca.Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879) A Latin Dictionary. Founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Revised, enlarged, and in great part rewritten by Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL.D. Oxonii: Clarendon Press.

 Descriptio 
Phoronida sunt animalia bilaterali symmetria praedita, vermiformia, tubum e chitino struentia, in quo vivunt et ubi in casu periculi tota latere possunt, cui tamen corpus animalis nullo loco adhaeret.Dawydoff, Constantinus & Grassé, Petrus Paulus (1959) Classe des Phoronidiens. In: Grassé, P.-P. (ed.), Traité de Zoologie, tome V, premier fascicule, pp. 1008–1053. Parisiis: Masson. Lophophorum, coronam nempe tentaculorum in forma soleae ferreae equorum, possident, quem e tubo ad vescendum respirandumque extendunt. Systema circulatorium clausum habent.Emig, C.C. (1982) The biology of Phoronida. Advances in Marine Biology, 19: 1–89.Hyman, Elisabetha Henrietta (1959) The Invertebrates. Volume V: Smaller Coelomate Groups (Neo-Eboraci–Londini–Toronti: McGraw-Hill).

Larvae Phoronidorum, actinotrochae dictae, tum in aqua natant, tum a parente in glandulis ad basin lophophori proteguntur, apud Phoronidem australem autem repent.

Species Phoronidorum hodiernorum sunt paucae, iuxta auctores diversos inter decem et quindecim,Emig, C.C. (1974) The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida. Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 12 (2): 128–151.Emig, C.C. (2003) Phoronida. In: Hutchins, M. (ed.), Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia, Volume 2, pp. 491–495. Gale. ISBN 978-0-78-765778-9.Temereva, E.N. & Neklyuodva, B.V. (2017) A New Phoronid Species, Phoronis savinkini sp. n., from the South China Sea and an Analysis of the Taxonomic Diversity of Phoronida. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 96 (11): 1285–1308. quae tamen in omnibus maribus, excepto solo Oceano Antarctico, inveniuntur. Ad hoc phylum etiam aliquot animalia fossilia pertinere relatae sunt, sed nullius eorum cognatio cum Phoronidis certa est.Taylor, P.D., Vinn, O. & Wilson, M.A. (2010) Evolution of biomineralization in 'lophophorates'. Special Papers in Palaeontology,  84: 317–333.

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 Nexus externi 
 "Phoronida," pagina de Phoronidis apud situm paleopolis.rediris.es.

Categoria:Animalia classificatione digesta
Categoria:Bilateria
Categoria:Phyla animalium
Categoria:Taxa Hatschek
Categoria:Taxa 1888