Praeludium et fuga

Praeludium et fuga una sunt forma musica plerumque in binis movimentis in eadem voculatiome pro clavitura consistens. Iunctura praeludii et fugae in musica classica diu adhibetur. Multi compositores opera huius generis composuerunt, saepe a  Das Wohltemperirte Clavier ('Clavitura bene temperata') moti, duobus libris praeludiorum et fugarum ab Ioanne Sebastiano Bachio annis 1722 et 1742 proprie confectis. Bachius autem non fuit primus qui talis opera composuerit, quia Ioannes Caspar Ferdinandus Fischer circulum operum viginti voculationum in Ariadne musica, compositione anno 1702 edita, conscripsit. Nonnulli quidem compositores collectiones operum in omnibus viginti quattuor voculationibus maioribus et minoribus positorum confecerunt, quibus collectionibus sunt viceni quaterni praeludia fugaeque aut viceni quaterni praeludia sola. Primo huius paris movimento alternus titulus esse potest, ut omnis titulus sit phantasia et fuga vel toccata et fuga.

Opera
Opera sequentia formam praeludii et fugae adhibent, aliquando stricte aliquando laxe.
 Ioannis Sebastiani Bachii
 Praeludium (Toccata) et Fuga in E maiore, BWV 566 (ca. 1705)
 Praeludium et Fuga in A minore, BWV 543 (1708–1717)
 Praeludium et Fuga in B minore, BWV 544
 Praeludium et Fuga in C minore, BWV 546
 Praeludium et Fuga in E minore, BWV 548
 Das Wohltemperirte Clavier, libri I et II (1722 et 1742)
 Leonardi Bernstein Prelude, Fugue, and Riffs (1949)
 Beniamini Britten Praeludium et Fuga in Thema Victoriae pro organo (1946)
 Ioannis Casparis Ferdinandi Fischer Ariadne musica (1702)
 Caesaris Franck Praeludium, Chorale, et Fuga (1884)
 Pauli Hindemith Ludus Tonalis (1942)
 Francisci Liszt:
 Fantasia et Fuga in Chorale Ad nos ad salutarem undam (1850)
 Fantasia et Fuga in Thema B-A-C-H (1855, retractata 1870)
 Maximiliani Reger Introductio, Passacalia, et Fuga
 Demetrii Šostakovič 24 Praeludia et Fugae, Op. 87 (1950–51)
 Opus incertum (olim Ioanni Sebastiano Bachio tributum): Octo praeludia et fugae breves

Compositores
Compositores sequentes, quorum omnes saeculis undevicensimo et vicensimo vivebant et musicam componebant, hanc formam adhibere solebant.
Marcus Alburger (12 Topical Preludes and Fugues)
Algernon Ashton
Marius Castelnuovo-Tedesco
David Cope (48 Preludes and Fugues)
David Diamond (52 Preludes and Fugues)
Hiroshi Hara
Ioannes Huber
Alexander Iakovtchouk
 David Johnson (12 Preludes and Fugues)
Demetrius Kabalevsky (6 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, Op. 61, 1958–59)
Nicolaus Kapustin (24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 82, 1997)
A. A. Klengel
Trygve Madsen (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile Op. 101)
Henricus Martin
Felix Mendelssohn
Bruce Cameron Munson
Franciscus Tveor Nordensten
Igor Rekhin (natus Tambov in urbe Russica anno 1941) (24 Preludes and Fugues for Solo Guitar, 1990)
Camillus Saint-Saëns (3 Preludes and Fugues, Opp. 99 & 109)
Rodion Shchedrin (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, 1964 et 1970)
Sergius Slonimsky (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, 1994)
Demetrius Šostakovič (24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 87, 1950–51)
Andersen Viana (Sinfonia Amerindia / Prelude and Fugue)
Vsevolod Zaderatsky (4 Preludes and Fugues, 1937–39)

Bibliographia
Dehmel, J. 1989. Toccata und Präludium in der Orgelmusik von Merulo bis Bach. Cassel.
Dietrich, F. 1931. "Analogie-formen in Bachs Tokkaten und Präludien für die Orgel." Bach-Jahrbuch 28: 51–71. ISSN 0084-7682. OCLC 224561758.
Ledbetter, David. 2002. Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier: the 48 preludes and fugues. Portu Novi: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09707-7.
Mazullo, Mark. 2010. Shostakovich's Preludes and Fugues: Contexts, Style, Performance. Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14943-2.
Plutalov, Denis. 2010. "Dmitry Shostakovich's Twenty-Four Preludes and Fugues, op. 87: An analysis and critical evaluation of the printed edition based on the composer's recorded performance." Dissertatio PhD, Universitas Nebrascae.
Wolff, Christoph. 1985. "Präludium (Toccata) und Sonata: Formbildung und Gattungstradition in der Orgelmusik Buxtehudes und seines Kreises." In Orgel, Orgelmusik, und Orgelspiel: Festschrift Michael Schneider zum 75. Geburtstag, ed. Christoph Wolff, 55–64. Cassel.
Ursova, Tanya. 2005. "Shostakovich's 24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 87: Subtexts in Context." DSCH Journal 22 (Ianuarius).
Zenatti, Arlette. 1965. "Le prélude dans la musique profane de clavier en France au xviiie siècle." Recherche 5.

Thema BACH

Categoria:Formae musicae