Monismus

Monismus est sententia quae unitatem (Graece μόνος) ad notionem (e.g., exsistentia) attribuit. Monismus substantiarum ergo est sententia philosophica quae varias res exsistentes per singulam realitatem vel substantiam enodari posse dicit.Cross et Livingstone 1974. Alia definitio dicit omnes res exsistentes ex fonte ab eis distincto ortas esse (e.g. in Neoplatonismo, omnia ex uno deducuntur).Brugger 1972. Quod saepe monismus prioritatis appellam, dicit solum unam rem per ontologiam esse primam, omnibus rebus aliis priorem.

Alia distinctio est differentia inter monismum substantiae et monismum exsistentiae.G. Strawson, "Nietzsche's metaphysics?" in Nietzsche on Mind and Nature, ed. M. Dries et P. Kail (Oxford University Press 2014). Monismus substantiae ponit solum unum rerum genus (e.g., materia vel mens) exsistere, quamquam multae res ex ea fieri possunt; monismus autem exsisteniae ponit exsistere, sensu stricto, solum unam rem (e.g. universum), quod solum inter multas res arte et ad arbitrium dividi potest.

 Historia 
Vocabulum monismus saeculo duodevicensimo a Christiano Wolffio in libro Logic (1728) propositus est,jrank.org, Monism ad varia cogitationis philosophicae genera designanda quae dualitatem corporis et mentis tollere conabanturLuke Mastin, The basics of philosophy: a huge subject broken down into manageable chunks, http://www.philosophybasics.com. et ad omnia phaenomena enodanda per unum principium coniungens vel patefactiones unius substantiae."Monism," Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, ed. 6a.

Quaestio mentis et corporis in philosophia coniunctionem interrogat mentis et materiae, et praecipue coniunctionem conscientiae et cerebri. Haec quaestio insigniter a Renato Cartesio saeculo septimo decimo tractata est, dualismum Cartesianum gignens, atque a philosophis praearistotelianis,.. in philosophia Avicenniana,. et in prioribus traditionibus Asianis et disertius Indis.

Quaestio mentis et corporis tandem ad rationem identitatis absolutae a Hegel et Schelling propositam adhibita est.Urmson 1991:297. Postea verbum latius adhibebatur, ad ullam rationem principium coniungens postulantem adhibitum.Urmson 1991:297. Dualismus, propositio contraria, etiam latior facta est, pluralismum amplectendum.Urmson 1991:297. Quam ob rem, verbum est "certa ratione ambiguum."Anglice: "systematically ambiguous."Urmson 1991:297.

Monismus praeterea philosophis minus gratus factus est ob philosophiam analyticam saeculo vicensimo ineunte ortam, quae a neohegelianis defecerunt. Carnap et Ayer, acres positivismi fautores, "omni quaestioni ut mysticismus perturbatus irridebant."Anglice: "ridiculed the whole question as incoherent mysticis."Schaffer.

Quaestio mentis et corporis in psychologia sociali et disciplinis cognatis rediit, cum philosophi animum agitare de interactione mentis et corporisFiske 2010:195. et reicere dualismi mentis et corporis incipirent in thesi identitatis, hodierna monismi forma.Fiske 2010:195-196. Monismus autem ad philosophiam mentis iam attinet,Urmson 1991:297. ubi varia argumenta defenduntur. Mandik 2010; McLaughlin 2009.

Nexus interni

 Dualismus
 Eliminativismus
 Functionalismus
 Holismus
 Interactionismus
 Materialismus
 Monas
 Monismus dialecticus
 Monismus indefinitivus
 Monismus materialis
 Monismus neuter
 Monophysitismus
 Philosophia mentis
 Pluralismus cosmicus
 Pluralismus ontologicus
 Quaestio mentis et corporis
 Synechismus
 Unitarianismus
 Univocitas entis

 Notae 

 Bibliographia 
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 Williams, Paul. 1994. Mahayana Buddhism. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-02537-0.

 Nexus externi 


 "Monism," www.himalayanacademy.com
 The Monist: An International Quarterly Journal of General Philosophical Inquiry, secure.pdcnet.org (Documentation Center)


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Categoria:Rationes mentis
Categoria:Theologia
Categoria:Theoriae metaphysicae