Charaxes

Charaxes est genus typicus Charaxinarum, papilionum subfamiliae Nymphalidarum.Woodhall 2005.Braby 2004:174–175. Ad tribum Charaxinos pertinet, inter quos papiliones generis Polyura etiam digeruntur. Charaxes sunt papiliones tropici Mundi Veteris, quibus est multo maximam diversitatem in Africa sub-Saharana, minor numerus ab Asia Meridiana ad Melanesiam et Australiam, et unica species (Charaxes jasius) in Europa. Charaxes sunt volatores validi vivideque colorati, collectoribusque insectorum gratissimi.

Descriptio imaginis
Charaxibus adultis sunt thorax et abdomen robusta. Eorum latitudo alarum est ab 8 ad 10 fere cm. Primi alarum superiorum colores a fusco ad nigrum et pallescentem variant. Notae alarum esse possunt maculae, fasciae, vel vittae albae, aurantiae, vel caeruleae. Aliis speciebus sunt maculae caeruleae metallicae, aliis nitor generatim metallicus iridescens. Charaxes zingha partim ruber, Charaxes eupale viridula est. Mares complexus specierum Charaxis etheoclis plerumque sunt nigri, quam ob causam Charaxes nigri vulgo appellari solent.


Species
In litteris vetustioribus, nonnullae Polyurae, sicut Polyura dolon, in Charxes poni poterant.

Species in oecozona Afrotropica non inventae

Charaxes affinis Butler, [1866]
Charaxes amycus  C. & R. Felder, 1861
Charaxes antonius  Semper, 1878
Charaxes aristogiton  C. & R. Felder, [1867]
Charaxes bernardus  (Fabricius, 1793)
Charaxes borneensis  Butler, 1869
Charaxes bupalus  Staudinger, 1889
Charaxes distanti  Honrath, [1885]
Charaxes durnfordi  Distant, 1884
Charaxes elwesi  Joicey & Talbot, 1922
Charaxes eurialus  (Cramer, [1775])
Charaxes fervens  Butler, 1896
Charaxes harmodius  C. & R. Felder, [1867]
Charaxes kahruba  (Moore, [1895])
Charaxes latona  Butler, [1866]
Charaxes marmax  Westwood, 1847
Charaxes mars  Staudinger, 1885
Charaxes musashi  Tsukada, 1991
Charaxes nitebis  (Hewitson, 1859)
Charaxes ocellatus  Fruhstorfer, 1896
Charaxes orilus  Butler, 1869
Charaxes plateni  Staudinger, 1889
Charaxes psaphon  Westwood, 1847
Charaxes setan  Detani, 1983
Charaxes solon  (Fabricius, 1793)

Species in oecozona Afrotropica inventae
Per abecedarium perscriptae.Charaxes, funet.fi.

Charaxes achaemenes
Charaxes acraeoides
Charaxes acuminatus
Charaxes alpinus
Charaxes alticola
Charaxes amandae
Charaxes ameliae
Charaxes analava
Charaxes andara
Charaxes andranodorus
Charaxes angelae
Charaxes ansorgei
Charaxes antamboulou
Charaxes anticlea
Charaxes antiquus
Charaxes aubyni
Charaxes baileyi
Charaxes balfourii
Charaxes barnsi
Charaxes baumanni
Charaxes berkeleyi
Charaxes bernardii
Charaxes bernstorffi
Charaxes bipunctatus
Charaxes blanda
Charaxes bocqueti
Charaxes bohemani
Charaxes boueti
Charaxes brainei
Charaxes brutus
Charaxes cacuthis
Charaxes candiope
Charaxes carteri
Charaxes castor
Charaxes catachrous
Charaxes cedreatis
Charaxes chanleri
Charaxes chepalunga
Charaxes chevroti
Charaxes chintechi
Charaxes chunguensis
Charaxes cithaeron
Charaxes congdoni
Charaxes contrarius
Charaxes cowani
Charaxes cynthia
Charaxes defulvata
Charaxes dilutus
Charaxes diversiforma
Charaxes doubledayi
Charaxes dowsetti
Charaxes dreuxi
Charaxes druceanus
Charaxes dubiosus
Charaxes ephyra
Charaxes etesipe
Charaxes ethalion
Charaxes etheocles
Charaxes eudoxus
Charaxes eupale
Charaxes figini
Charaxes fionae
Charaxes fournierae
Charaxes fulgurata
Charaxes fulvescens
Charaxes fuscus
Charaxes galawadiwosi
Charaxes gallagheri
Charaxes galleyanus
Charaxes gerdae
Charaxes grahamei
Charaxes guderiana
Charaxes hadrianus
Charaxes hansali
Charaxes hildebrandti
Charaxes howarthi
Charaxes imperialis
Charaxes jahlusa
Charaxes jasius
Charaxes jolybouyeri
Charaxes junius
Charaxes kahldeni
Charaxes karkloof
Charaxes kheili
Charaxes kirki
Charaxes lactetinctus
Charaxes larseni
Charaxes lasti
Charaxes lecerfi
Charaxes legeri
Charaxes lemosi
Charaxes loandae
Charaxes lucretius
Charaxes lucyae
Charaxes lycurgus
Charaxes lydiae
Charaxes macclounii
Charaxes mafuga
Charaxes manica
Charaxes margaretae
Charaxes marieps
Charaxes martini
Charaxes matakall
Charaxes mccleeryi
Charaxes mixtus
Charaxes monteiri
Charaxes montis
Charaxes mtuiSp. nov. "Endemic species of butterfly discovered at Kihansi," IPP Media.
Charaxes murphyi
Charaxes musakensis
Charaxes mycerina
Charaxes nandina
Charaxes nicati
Charaxes nichetes
Charaxes nobilis
Charaxes northcotti
Charaxes numenes
Charaxes nyikensis
Charaxes obudoensis
Charaxes octavus
Charaxes odysseus
Charaxes opinatus
Charaxes overlaeti
Charaxes paphianus
Charaxes paradoxa
Charaxes pelias
Charaxes pembanus
Charaxes penricei
Charaxes petersi
Charaxes phaeus
Charaxes phenix
Charaxes phoebus
Charaxes phraortes
Charaxes plantroui
Charaxes pleione
Charaxes pollux
Charaxes pondoensis
Charaxes porthos
Charaxes prettejohni
Charaxes protoclea
Charaxes pseudophaeus
Charaxes pythodoris
Charaxes richelmanni
Charaxes saperanus
Charaxes schiltzei
Charaxes sidamo
Charaxes smaragdalis
Charaxes subornatus
Charaxes subrubidus
Charaxes superbus
Charaxes taverniersi
Charaxes tectonis
Charaxes teissieri
Charaxes thomasius
Charaxes thysi
Charaxes tiridates
Charaxes turlini
Charaxes usambarae
Charaxes vansoni
Charaxes varanes
Charaxes variata
Charaxes velox
Charaxes viola
Charaxes violetta
Charaxes viossati
Charaxes virescens
Charaxes virilis
Charaxes williami
Charaxes xiphares
Charaxes zambeziensis
Charaxes zelica
Charaxes zingha
Charaxes zoolina

Notae

Bibliographia
Aduse-Poku, K., E. Vingerhoedt, et N. Wahlberg. 2009. Out-of-Africa again: a phylogenetic hypothesis of the genus Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on five gene regions. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 53(2):463–478. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.021.
Braby, Michael F. 2004. Complete Field Guide to Butterflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 0643090274.
Woodhall, Steve. 2005. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers.

Bibliographia addita
Darge, Philippe. 1983. Fauna of Cameroon: The genus Charaxes. Sciences Nat. (Venette) 1–136, pl. 1–43.
Henning, Stephen Frank. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe Books. ISBN 0620128119.
Müller, Chris J., Niklas Wahlberg, et Luciano B. Beheregaray. 2010. "After Africa": the evolutionary history and systematics of the genus Charaxes Ochsenheimer (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Indo-Pacific region. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 100(2):457–481.
Plantrou, Jacques. 1973. Note sur les Charaxes de l’Afrique occidentale, 1 (Lep. Nymphalidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 78(7-8):268–276.
Plantrou, Jacques. 1974. Note sur les Charaxes de l’Afrique occidentale, 2 (Lep. Nymphalidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 79(5–6):125–131.
Plantrou, Jacques. 1983. Systématique biogéographie et évolution des Charaxes africains (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lutetiae: École normale supérieure, Laboratoire de zoologie. Series: Publications du Laboratoire de zoologie, École normale supérieure, no 25. ISBN 9782728800926
Rothschild, Walter, et Karl Jordan. 1898. A monograph of Charaxes and the allied prionopterous genera. Novitates Zoologicae 5:545–601
Turlin, Bernard. 2005-2007. Butterflies of the World, ed. Erich Bauer et Thomas Franckenbach. Partes 22, 25, 28, 32, Charaxes 1–4. Goecke & Evers. ISBN 9783937783321.
Van Someren, Victor Gurney Logan. 1963–1975. Revisional Notes on the African Charaxes. Partes 1–10, pp. 652, pl. 148.

Nexus externi

Charaxes, eol.org (EOL)
Imagines, www.barcodinglife.org (Consortium for the Barcode of Life)
Pteron, www.petron-world.com (lingua Iaponiensi)
Vingerhoedt, Eric. African Charaxes, www.charaxes.be


Categoria:Taxa Ochsenheimer
Categoria:Taxa 1816