Manichaismus

Manichaismus: "Manichaismum.": "Manichaismi." (Graece ) vel Religio Manichaica: "Religio Manichaica" sive Manichaica Religio (Persice classice آئین مانی Āʾīn-i Mānī; Mandarinice 摩|尼|教 Móní Jiào) fuit maior religio gnostica, quae a Manete, propheta Iranico, in regno Persico Sassaniano condita est."Manichaeism," Encyclopedia Britannica.

Manichaismus elaboratam docuit cosmologiam binariam, certamen, bonum spiritualemque lucis mundum et malum corporeumque obscuritatis mundum describentem. Per rationem perpetuam quae in historia humana fit, lux gradatim ex mundo materiali removetur et ad mundum lucidum unde orta est redditur. Cuius fides in motis gnosticis et religiosis Mesopotamianis conditae sunt.Geo Widengren, Mesopotamian elements in Manichaeism (King and Saviour II) (Lundequistska bokhandeln, 1946), Studies in Manichaean, Mandaean, and Syrian-gnostic religion. Manichaismus, rapide prosperus, late per regiones Aramaice-Syriace loquentes extenditus est.. A saeculo tertio ad saeculum septimum viguit, et culmine gratiae fuit una ex divulgatissimis mundi religionibus. Templa et scripturae Manichaeae ad orientem usque ad Sinas et ad occidentem usque ad Imperium Romanum patuit.Andrew Welburn, Mani, the Angel and the Column of Glory: An Anthology of Manichaean Texts (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 1998), p. 68. Breviter fuit praecipuus Christianitatis competitor in certamine ad substituendum paganismum classicum. Manichaismus longius in Oriente quam in Occidente superfuit, et videtur evanescere post saeculum quarto decimo in Sinis meridianis,Jason David BeDuhn, The Manichaean Body: In Discipline and Ritual (Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000), reimpressus 2002, p. IX. cum deminutione Ecclesiae Orientis in Sinis (vide Domus Ming). Cum plures scriptorum Manetis amitterentur, multi conversiones et fragmenta exstant.

Adsectator Manichaismi appellatur, praecipue in fontibus vetustioribus,Sicut Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers First Series, ed. Philip Schaff, de Augustino scribente. Manichaus, ac recentius Manichaeus. Sensu translato, nomen manichaeanus late adhibetur (saepe cum obtrectatione) adiectivum quod ad quandam philosophiam vel habitum dualismi moralis pertinet, moralem actionis cursum suadens, claramque (vel facilem) inter bonum et malum electionem implicans; nomen substantivum quoque adhibetur ad designandos homines qui talem opinionem habent.

Alwarekus
Augustinus
Abū Hilāl al-Dayhūri (saeculum 8)
Agapius (Manichaeus) (saecula quartum vel quintum)
Cultus Ming
Faustus Manichaeus (saeculum quartum)
Gnosticismus
Hiwi al-Balkhi
Mar Ammo (saeculum tertium)
Mar Zaku (saeculum tertium)
Mazdakismus
Pattig (saeculum tertium)
Religio Assyro-Babyloniana
Religio Indo-Iraniana
Yazdanismus
 Xroshtag et Padvaxtag
Zurvanismus

Notae

Bibliographia

Beatty, Alfred Chester. 1938. A Manichean Psalm-Book, Part II. Ed. Charles Allberry. Stutgartiae.
Beausobre, de, Isaac. 1734–1739. Histoire critique de Manichée et du Manichéisme. Amstelodami: Garland Publishing. ISBN 0824035526.
BeDuhn, Jason David. 2002. The Manichaean Body: In Discipline and Ritual. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0801871077.




  (Cahiers D'Orientalism XVI) 1988a
  (Cahiers D'Orientalism XVI) 1988b
  (Original Manichaean manuscripts found since 1902 in China, Egypt, Turkestan to be seen in the Museum of Indian Art in Berlin.)
 Heinrichs, Albert; Ludwig Koenen, Ein griechischer Mani-Kodex, 1970 (ed.) Der Kölner Mani-Codex ( P. Colon. Inv. nr. 4780), 1975–1982.
 La Vaissière, Etienne de, "Mani en Chine au VIe siècle", Journal Asiatique, 293–1, 2005, p. 357–378.


Mani (216–276/7) and his 'biography': the Codex Manichaicus Coloniensis (CMC):
Melchert, Norman. 2002. The Great Conversation: A Historical Introduction to Philosophy. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0195175107.
Runciman, Steven. 1947, 1982. The Medieval Manichee: a study of the Christian dualist heresy. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521289262.
Welburn, Andrew. 1998. Mani, the Angel and the Column of Glory.[ Edimburgi: Floris. ISBN 0863152740.
Widengren, Geo. 1965. Mani and Manichaeism. Londinii: Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
Wurst, Gregor. 2001. Die Bema-Psalmen. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 60(3):203–204. doi:10.1086/468925.
Welburn, Andrew. 1998. Mani the Angel and the Column of Glory. Floris Books. ISBN 0863152740.

Nexus externi
Commentarii

International Association of Manichaean Studies, www.manichaeism.de
"Manichaean and Christian Remains in Zayton (Quanzhou, South China)," www.anchist.mq.edu
Taraporewala, I. J. S. "Religions of Iran: Manichaeism, www,iranchamber.com
专题研究--摩尼教研究, www.quoxue.com
《光明皇帝》明尊教背景书(1), vip.book.sina.com.cn

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