Spelunca Franchthium

Spelunca Franchthium Argolidis, vulgo σπήλαιο Φράγχθι, ad oram maritimam Argolici sinus iacens, est locus habitationis humanae Palaeolithicae, Mesolithicae et Neolithicae, ab archaeologis Civitatum Foederatarum annis 1967-1976 effossus.

Vestigia reperta sunt piscium quos incolae Franchthii capiebant et comedebant. Stratis palaeolithicis superioribus mesolithicisque inferioribus, annis scilicet circiter 11,000–9,100 ante praesentia, inventi sunt praecipue Anguilla anguilla, Sparus aurata aliique Sparidae, Mugil cephalus; pauciores etiam Conger conger, Dicentrarchus labrax, Umbrina cirrosa: quo aevo ora maritima 4 chiliometris a spelunca distabat. Stratis mesolithicis superioribus, annis circiter 9,100–8,000 a.p., ora fere 2 chiliometris distante, inventa sunt praesertim ossa Thunnus thynnus, Epinephelus marginatus, Sphyraena sphyraena; multo pauciores Diplodus vulgaris (sive et D. sargus) et Mugil cephalus. Eodem aevo, quo capiebantur tunni maximi, pisces maris profundioris, obsidiani lapides primum a Melo ad Franchthium advehebantur. Stratis neolithicis, annis circiter 8,000–5,000 a.p., ora haud 1 chiliometro distante, reperiuntur praecipue Sparidae: Pagellus erythrinus, Diplodus spp., Sparus aurata; insuper Thunnus, sed pauciores et minores, paucique etiam Epinephelus marginatus, Sphyraena sphyraena et Mugil cephalus, paucissimi Acipenser sturio.

Aevis palaeolithico et Mesolithico homines animalia ad cibum capiebant Cervus elaphus, Equus hydruntinus, Bos primigenius, Cervus elaphus, Sus scrofa, Capra, tardius animalia minora praesertim Lepus europaeus, etiam Erinaceus sp., Alectoris graeca, Otis tarda, Testudo graeca, Emys orbicularis seu fortasse Maurmys sp.

 Notae 

 Bibliographia 
 William R. Farrand, Depositional History of Franchthi Cave: Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, and Chronology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000 
 Julie M. Hansen, "Franchthi Cave and the beginning of agriculture in Greece and the Aegean" in P. C. Anderson-Gerfaud, ed., Préhistoire de l'agriculture (Lutetiae, 1992) pp. 231-247
 Julie Hansen, The palaeoethnobotany of Franchthi Cave. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. (Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece, vol. 7)
 Julie M. Hansen, J. M. Renfrew, "Palaeolithic-Neolithic seed remains at Franchthi Cave, Greece" in Nature vol. 271 (1978) pp. 349-352
 T. W. Jacobsen, "Franchthi cave and the beginning of settled village life in Greece" in Hesperia vol. 50 (1981) pp. 303-319
 T. W. Jacobsen and W. R. Farrand, Franchthi Cave and Paralia: maps, plans and sections. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987 (Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece, vol. 1) 
 M. H. Jameson, C. Runnels, T. van Andel, A Greek countryside: the southern Argolid from prehistory to the present day. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994
 Ceren Kabukcu et al., "Cooking in caves: Palaeolithic carbonised plant food remains from Franchthi and Shanidar" in Antiquity (23 Novembris 2022) alibi
 S. Payne, "Faunal change at Franchthi from 20,000 B.C. to 3,000 B.C." in A. T. Clason, ed., Archaeozoological studies (Novi Eboraci: Academic Press, 1975) pp. 120-131
 Catherine Perlès, "The Mesolithic at Franchthi: an overview of the data and problems" in Nena Galanidou, Catherine Perlès, edd., The Greek Mesolithic: Problems and Perspectives (Londinii: British School at Athens, 2003. British School at Athens Studies, vol. 10) pp. 79-87

 Judith C. Shackleton, Marine molluscan remains from Franchthi Cave. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988 (Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece, vol. 4) 

 Anna Stroulia, Flexible Stones: Ground Stone Tools from Franchthi Cave, Fascicle 14, Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010 
 L. E. Talalay, Deities, Dolls, and Devices: Neolithic Figurines from Franchthi Cave, Greece. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993
 Tj. H. van Andel, S. B. Sutton, Landscape and people of the Franchthi region. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987 
 K. D. Vitelli, "Were Pots First Made for Food? Doubts from Franchthi" in World Archaeology vol. 21 (1989) pp. 17–29 Epitome
 Tony J. Wilkinson, Susan T. Duhon, Franchthi Paralia--the Sediments, Stratigraphy, and Offshore Investigations. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990 

 Graecia aetatis lapideae

 Nexus externi 
 "Franchthi Cave" apud Megalithic Portal
 "The Southern Greek Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic Sequence at Franchthi" e serie paginarum Aegean Prehistoric Archaeology apud Collegium Dartmuthense
 "Σπήλαιο Φράγχθι- Franchthi cave" apud Ιστορική Ερμιονίδα

Categoria:Cavernae
Categoria:Loci archaeologici Graeciae
Categoria:Loci habitati palaeolithici
Categoria:Loci habitati neolithici
Categoria:Loci habitati mesolithici
Categoria:Argolis