Cyborg

Cyborg (Anglice Cyborg, id est "cybernetic organism", qui in Latine fortasse "organismus cyberneticus" vel "cyberorganismus") est creatura quae partibus machinalibus et naturalibus consistit. In cultura populari saepius invenitur.

Etymologia
Vocabulum "cyborg", Anglicae cyber, "spatialis" et organism, "organismus", consistens, anno 1960 conditum est a Manfred Clynes et Nathan S. Kline rei scripturae de homine et machina in spatio.Manfred E. Clynes et Nathan S. Kline, "Cyborgs and Space", Astronautics, Septembris 1960.

Pinacotheca

Notae

Bibliographia
Balsamo, Anne. Technologies of the Gendered Body: Reading Cyborg Women. Durham: Duke University Press, 1996.
Caidin, Martin. Cyborg; A Novel. New York: Arbor House, 1972.
Clark, Andy. Natural-Born Cyborgs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 
Crittenden, Chris. "Self-Deselection: Technopsychotic Annihilation via Cyborg." Ethics & the Environment 7.2 (Autumn 2002): 127-152.
Franchi , Stefano, and Güven Güzeldere, eds. Mechanical Bodies, Computational Minds: Artificial Intelligence from Automata to Cyborgs. MIT Press, 2005.
Flanagan, Mary, and Austin Booth, eds. Reload: Rethinking Women + Cyberculture. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2002.
Gray, Chris Hables. Cyborg Citizen: Politics in the Posthuman Age. Routledge & Kegan Paul, 2001.
Gray, Chris Hables, ed. The Cyborg Handbook. New York: Routledge, 1995.
Grenville, Bruce, ed. The Uncanny: Experiments in Cyborg Culture. Arsenal Pulp Press, 2002.
Halacy, D. S. Cyborg: Evolution of the Superman. New York: Harper & Row, 1965.
Halberstam, Judith, and Ira Livingston. Posthuman Bodies. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995.
Haraway, Donna. Simians, Cyborgs, and Women; The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge, 1990.
Klugman, Craig. "From Cyborg Fiction to Medical Reality." Literature and Medicine 20.1 (Spring 2001): 39-54.
Kurzweil, Ray. The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. Viking, 2005.
Mann, Steve. "Telematic Tubs against Terror: Bathing in the Immersive Interactive Media of the Post-Cyborg Age." Leonardo 37.5 (October 2004): 372-373.
Mann, Steve, and Hal Niedzviecki. Cyborg: digital destiny and human possibility in the age of the wearable computer  Doubleday, 2001. ISBN 0-385-65825-7 (A paperback version also exists, ISBN 0-385-65826-5).
Masamune Shirow, Ghost in the Shell. Endnotes, 1991. Kodansha ISBN 4-7700-2919-5.

Mitchell, William. Me++: The Cyborg Self and the Networked City. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2003.
Muri, Allison. The Enlightenment Cyborg: A History of Communications and Control in the Human Machine, 1660–1830. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006.
Muri, Allison. Of Shit and the Soul: Tropes of Cybernetic Disembodiment. Body & Society 9.3 (2003): 73–92.
Nishime, LeiLani. "The Mulatto Cyborg: Imagining a Multiracial Future." Cinema Journal 44.2 (Winter 2005), 34-49.
The Oxford English dictionary.  2nd ed. edited by J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner. Oxford: Clarendon Press; Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.  Vol 4 p. 188.
Rorvik, David M. As Man Becomes Machine: the Evolution of the Cyborg. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1971.
Rushing, Janice Hocker, and Thomas S. Frentz. Projecting the Shadow: The Cyborg Hero in American Film. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
 Smith, Marquard, and Joanne Morra, eds. The Prosthetic Impulse: From a Posthuman Present to a Biocultural Future. MIT Press, 2005.
The science fiction handbook for readers and writers. By George S. Elrick. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 1978, p. 77.
The science fiction encyclopaedia. General editor, Peter Nicholls, associate editor, John Clute, technical editor, Carolyn Eardley, contributing editors, Malcolm Edwards, Brian Stableford. 1st ed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1979, p. 151.
Warwick, Kevin. I,Cyborg, University of Illinois Press, 2004.
Yoshito Ikada, Bio Materials: an approach to Artificial Organs

Nexus externi

 Tehnologiile din noi, 5 aprilis 2007
 Redefinirea umanului, 5 aprilis 2007
 Cyber-Societatea, 14 septembris 2007
 Neil Harbisson - primus Cyborg, 18 Martii
 Darth Vader-ii de lângă noi, 20 novembris 2010

Categoria:Cyberorganismi
Categoria:Ingeniaria biologica