Catocala

Catocala (ex verbis Graecis kato 'post' + kalos 'pulcher' ; Anglice underwingNonnulla genera arte cognata aliquando underwings appellantur.) est genus papilionum subfamiliae Catocalinarum familiae Noctuidarum, in Eurasia et America Septentrionali endemicum. 

Plurimis speciebus sunt coloratissimae alae inferiores, plerumque aurantiae, rubrae, vel albae. Clarae animalium quiescentium alae posteriores in conspectu non sunt, ab obscuris alis anterioribus occultatae, sed papilionibus adiuvant in avibus aliisque praedatoribus eludendis si interdiu conturbantur (Stevens 2005).

Larvae plurimarum specierum foliis arborum et fruticum vescuntur.

Ob varietatem colorum et diversitatem specierum, Catocalae conlectoribus papilionum gratissimae sunt.

 Species 
 Catocala abacta Staudinger, 1900
 Catocala abacta irana Brandt, 1938
 Catocala abamita Bremer & Grey, 1853
 Catocala abbreviatella Grote, 1872
 Catocala actaea Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
 Catocala actaea nigricans Mell, 1939
 Catocala adultera Ménétriés, 1856
 Catocala aenigma Sheljuzhko, 1943
 Catocala aestimabilis Staudinger, 1892
 Catocala afghana Swinhoe, 1885
 Catocala agitatrix Graeser, 1888
 Catocala agrippina Strecker, 1874
 Catocala aholibah Strecker, 1874
 Catocala alabamae Grote, 1875
 Catocala allusa Hulst, 1884
 Catocala amabilis Bang-Haas, 1907
 Catocala amatrix Hübner, [1813]
 Catocala amestris Strecker, 1874
 Catocala amica Hübner, 1818
 Catocala amnonfreidbergi Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala andromache H. Edwards, 1885
 Catocala andromedae Guenée, 1852
 Catocala angusi Grote, 1876
 Catocala antinympha Hübner, [1823]
 Catocala ariana Vartian, 1964
 Catocala armandi Poujade, 1988
 Catocala armandi shirozui Sugi, 1982
 Catocala artobolevskiji Sheljuzhko, 1943
 Catocala atocala Brou, 1985
 Catocala badia Grote & Robinson, 1866
 Catocala bella Butler, 1877
 Catocala benjamini Brower, 1937
 Catocala blandula Hulst, 1884
 Catocala bokhaica Kononenko, 1979
 Catocala brandti Hacker & Kaut, 1999
 Catocala briseis Edwards, 1864
 Catocala butleri Leech, 1900
 Catocala caesia Hawks, 2010 
 Catocala californica Edwards, 1864
 Catocala californiensis Brower, 1976
 Catocala cara Guenée, 1852
 Catocala carissima Hulst, 1880 
 Catocala catei Weisert, 1998
 Catocala cerogama Guenée, 1852
 Catocala charlottae Brou, 1988
 Catocala chelidonia Grote, 1881
 Catocala cleopatra Strecker, 1874
 Catocala clintoni Grote, 1864
 Catocala coccinata Grote, 1872
 Catocala columbina Leech, 1900
 Catocala columbina columbina Leech, 1900
 Catocala columbina yoshihikoi Ishizuka, 2002
 Catocala concumbens Walker, [1858]
 Catocala conjuncta Esper, 1787
 Catocala connexa Butler, 1881
 Catocala connubialis Guenée, 1852
 Catocala consors Smith, 1797
 Catocala consors sorsconi Barnes & Benjamin, 1924
 Catocala contemnenda Staudinger, 1891
 Catocala contorta Warren
 Catocala conversa Esper, 1787
 Catocala crataegi Saunders, 1876
 Catocala danilovi Bang-Haas, 1927
 Catocala deducta Eversmann, 1843
 Catocala dejeani Mell, 1936
 Catocala dejecta Strecker, 1880
 Catocala delilah Strecker, 1874
 Catocala desdemona H. Edwards, 1882
 Catocala desiderata Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala detrita Warren, 1913
 Catocala deuteronympha Staudinger, 1861
 Catocala deuteronympha omphale Butler, 1881
 Catocala deuteronympha tschiliensis Bang-Haas, 1927
 Catocala dilecta Hübner, [1808]
 Catocala disjuncta Geyer, [1828]
 Catocala dissimilis Bremer, 1861
 Syn. Catocala nigricans
 Catocala distorta Butler, 1889
 Catocala diversa Geyer, [1826]
 Catocala doerriesi Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala dotatoides Poole, 1989
 Catocala dula Bremer, 1861
 Catocala dula carminea Mell, 1939
 Catocala dulciola Grote, 1881
 Catocala duplicata Butler, 1885
 Catocala editarevayae Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala electa Vieweg, 1790
 Catocala electa zalmunna Butler, 1877
 Catocala electa tschiliensis Bang-Haas, 1927
 Catocala electilis Walker, [1858]
 Catocala ella Butler, 1877
 Catocala elocata Esper, 1787
 Catocala elocata locata Staudinger, [1892]
 Catocala eminens Staudinger, 1892
 Catocala epione Drury, [1773]
 Catocala eutychea Treitschke, 1835
 Catocala faustina Strecker, 1873
 Catocala flavescens Hampson, 1894
 Catocala flebilis Grote, 1872
 Catocala florianii Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2008
 Catocala formosana Okano, 1958
 Catocala francisca H. Edwards, 1880
 Catocala fraxini Linnaeus, 1758
 Catocala fraxini jezoensis Matsumura, 1931
 Catocala fraxini legionensis Gómez Bustillo & Vega Escandon, 1975
 Catocala fraxini yuennanensis Mell, 1936
 Catocala frederici Grote, 1872
 Catocala fredi Bytinsky-Salz & Brandt, 1937
 Catocala fugitiva Warren, 1914
 Catocala fulminea Scopoli, 1763
 Catocala fulminea chekiangensis Mell, 1933
 Catocala fulminea fulminea Scopoli, 1763
 Catocala fulminea xarippe Butler, 1877
 Catocala fuscinupta Hampson, 1913
 Catocala glauditta Schawerda, 1934
 Catocala gracilis Edwards, 1864
 Catocala grisatra Brower, 1936
 Catocala grotiana Bailey, 1879
 Catocala grynea Cramer, [1780]
 Catocala habilis Grote, 1872
 Catocala haitzi Bang-Haas, 1936
 Catocala hariti Ishizuka & Ohshima, 2002
 Catocala helena Eversmann, 1856
 Catocala helena beicki Mell, 1936
 Catocala helena kurenzovi Moltrecht, 1927
 Catocala hermia H. Edwards, 1880
 Catocala herodias Strecker, 1876
 Catocala hippolyta Strecker, 1874
 Catocala hoenei Mell, 1936
 Catocala hymenaea [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Catocala hymenoides Draeseke, 1927
 Catocala hyperconnexa Sugi, 1965
 Catocala ilia Cramer, [1776]
 Catocala illecta Walker, [1858]
 Catocala inconstans Butler, 1889
 Catocala infasciata Mell, 1936
 Catocala innubens Guenée, 1852
 Catocala insolabilis Guenée, 1852
 Catocala intacta Leech, 1889
 Catocala intacta taiwana Sugi, 1965
 Catocala invasa Leech, 1900
 Catocala irene Behr, 1870
 Catocala jair Strecker, 1897
 Catocala jansseni Prout, 1924
 Catocala jessica H. Edwards, 1877
 Catocala johnsoniana Brower, 1976
 Catocala jonasii Butler, 1877
 Catocala judith – Strecker, 1874
 Catocala juncta Staudinger, 1889
 Catocala junctura Walker, [1858]
 Catocala kasenko Ishizuka, 2007
 Catocala koreana Staudinger, 1892
 Catocala kotschubeyi Sheljuzhko, 1927
 Catocala kuangtungensis Mell, 1931
 Catocala kusnezovi Püngeler, 1914
 Catocala lacrymosa Guenée, 1852
 Catocala lara Bremer, 1861
 Catocala lara pallidamajor Mell, 1939
 Catocala laura Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
 Catocala largeteaui Oberthür, 1881
 Catocala largeteaui yunnana Mell, 1936
 Catocala leechi Hampson, 1913
 Catocala lehmanni Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
 Catocala lesbia Christoph, 1887
 Catocala lesbia fittkaui Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala lesbia lesbia Christoph, 1887
 Catocala lincolnana Brower, 1976
 Catocala lineella Grote, 1872
 Catocala longipalpis Mell, 1936
 Catocala louiseae Bauer, 1965
 Syn. Catocala protonympha
 Catocala luciana Strecker, 1874
 Catocala luctuosa Hulst, 1884
 Catocala lupina Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]
 Catocala lupina kastshenkoi Sheljuzhko, 1943
 Catocala luscinia Brandt, 1938
 Catocala macula Hampson, 1891
 Catocala maculata Vincent, 1919
 Catocala maestosa Hulst, 1884
 Catocala manitoba Beutenmüller, 1908
 Catocala mariana Rambur, 1858
 Catocala marmorata Edwards, 1864
 Catocala martyrum Oberthür, 1881
 Catocala mcdunnoughi Brower, 1937
 Catocala meskei Grote, 1873
 Catocala mesopotamica Kusnezov, 1903
 Catocala messalina Guenée, 1852
 Catocala micronympha Guenée, 1852
 Catocala minuta Edwards, 1864
 Catocala mira Grote, 1876
 Catocala miranda H. Edwards, 1881
 Catocala mirifica Butler, 1877
 Catocala moltrechti Bang-Haas, 1927
 Catocala muliercula Guenée, 1852
 Catocala musmi Hampson, 1913
 Catocala naganoi Sugi, 1982
 Catocala nagioides Wileman, 1924
 Catocala naumanni Sviridov, 1996
 Catocala nebulosa Edwards, 1864
 Catocala neglecta Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala neogama Smith, 1797
 Catocala neonympha Esper, 1805
 Catocala neonympha osthelderensis Hacker, 1990
 Catocala neonympha variegata Warren, 1913
 Catocala nivea Butler, 1877
 Catocala nivea asahinaorum Owada, 1986
 Catocala nivea krosawai Owada, 1986
 Catocala nubila Butler, 1881
 Catocala nupta Linnaeus, 1767
 Catocala nupta alticola Mell, 1942
 Catocala nupta centralasiae Kusnezov, 1903
 Catocala nupta clara Osthelder, 1933
 Catocala nupta concubia Walker, [1858]
 Catocala nupta japonica Mell, 1936
 Catocala nupta kansuensis O. Bang-Haas, 1927
 Catocala nupta japonica Mell, 1936
 Catocala nupta nozawae Matsumura, 1911
 Catocala nupta nuptialis Staudinger, 1901
 Catocala nupta obscurata Oberthür, 1880
 Catocala nuptialis Walker, [1858]
 Catocala nymphaea Esper, 1787
 Catocala nymphaeoides Herrich-Schäffer, 1852
 Catocala nymphagoga Esper, 1787
 Catocala oberthueri Austaut, 1879
 Catocala obscena Alphéraky, 1879
 Catocala obscura Strecker, 1873
 Catocala olgaorlovae Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala olgaorlovae duschara Lewandowski & Tober, 2008
 Catocala olgaorlovae olgaorlovae Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala ophelia H. Edwards, 1880
 Catocala optata Godart, 1824
 Catocala optata atlantica Le Cerf, 1932
 Catocala optima Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala orba Kuznezov, 1903
 Catocala orientalis Staudinger, 1877
 Catocala oshimai Ishizuka, 2001
 Catocala pacta Linnaeus, 1758
 Catocala pacta deserta Kozhantschikov, 1925
 Catocala paki Kishida, 1981
 Catocala palaeogama Guenée, 1852
 Catocala parta Guenée, 1852
 Catocala patala Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
 Catocala patala patala
 Catocala patala volcanica
 Catocala pataloides Mell, 1931
 Catocala persimilis Warren, 1888
 Catocala piatrix Grote, 1864
 Catocala piatrix dionyza H. Edwards, 1884
 Catocala pirata Herz, 1904
 Catocala praeclara Grote & Robinson, 1866
 Catocala praegnax Walker, 1858
 Catocala praegnax sakaii Kishida, 1981
 Catocala pretiosa Lintner, 1876
 Catocala prolifica Walker, 1857
 Catocala promissa [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Catocala proxeneta Alphéraky, 1895
 Catocala proxeneta sutschana Sheljuzhko, 1943
 Catocala puella Leech, 1889
 Catocala puerpera Giorna, 1791
 Catocala puerperoides Kravchenko et al., 2008
 Catocala rama Moore, [1885]
 Catocala relicta Walker, [1858]
 Catocala remissa Staudinger, 1892
 Catocala repudiata Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala residua Grote, 1874
 Catocala retecta Grote, 1872
 Catocala retecta luctuosa Hulst, 1884
 Catocala rhodosoma Röber, 1927
 Catocala robinsoni Grote, 1872
 Catocala sappho Strecker, 1874
 Catocala seiohbo Ishizuka, 2002
 Catocala semirelicta Grote, 1874
 Catocala separans Leech, 1889
 Catocala separata Freyer, 1846
 Catocala serena Edwards, 1864
 Catocala similis Edwards, 1864
 Catocala solntsevi Sviridov, 1997
 Catocala sordida Grote, 1877
 Catocala sponsa Linnaeus, 1767
 Catocala sponsalis Walker, 1858
 Catocala streckeri Staudinger, 1888
 Catocala subnata Grote, 1864
 Catocala sultana A. Bang-Haas, 1910
 Catocala szechuena Hampson, 1913
 Catocala tapestrina Moore, 1882
 Catocala tapestrina forresti Mell, 1939
 Catocala texanae French, 1902
 Catocala thomsoni Prout, 1924
 Catocala timur Bang-Haas, 1907
 Catocala tokui Sugi, 1976
 Catocala triphaenoides Oberthür, 1881
 Catocala ulalume Strecker, 1878
 Catocala uljanae Sinyaev, Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2007
 Catocala ultronia Hübner, 1823
 Catocala umbrosa Brou, 2002
 Catocala unijuga Walker, [1858]
 Catocala verrilliana Grote, 1875
 Catocala vestalis Boisduval, 1829
 Catocala vidua Smith, 1797
 Catocala violenta H. Edwards, 1880
 Catocala viviannae Hacker & Kautt, 1996
 ?Catocala weigerti Hacker, 1999
 Catocala whitneyi Dodge, 1874
 Catocala wushensis Okano, 1964
 Catocala xizangensis Chen, 1991

 Priores species selectae 
Hae species nuper factae sunt synonyma, et eorum binomina non iam valida sunt.
 Catocala babayaga Strecker, 1884
 Catocala davidi Oberthür, 1881
 Catocala nevadensis Beutenmüller, 1907
 Catocala olivia H. Edwards, 1880
 Catocala pura Hulst, 1880
 Catocala stretchi Behr, 1870
 Catocala titania Dodge, 1900

 Pinacotheca 
 Catocalae (species Europaeae) 

 Catocalae falsae 

 Notae 

 Bibliographia 
 Animal Behavior 62: 349–368.
 Ishizuka, K. 2002. "Notes on Catocala columbina Leech, 1900 (Lepidoptela, Noctuidae), with description of new taxa." Gekkan-Mushi (379): 12–13.
 Ishizuka, K. 2007. "A new species of Catocala Schrank, 1802 from Western China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)." Gekkan-Mushi (439): 22–24.
 Kravchenko, V. D., et al. 2008. "New underwing taxa of the section of Catocala lesbia Christoph, 1887 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 18(1): 30–49.
 Kravchenko, V. D., W. Speidel, et al. 2008. "A new species of Catocala from Israel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 18(2): 127–129.
 Leech, J. J. 1900. Trans. ent. Soc. London 1900: 511–663.
 Lewandowski, S. & Tober, K. 2008. "Catocala olgaorlovae duschara subspec. nov. aus Jordanien (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Atalanta 39(1-4): 377–378.
 Saldaitis, A., et P. Ivinskis. 2008. "Catocala florianii, a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 18(2): 124–126.
 Sinyaev, V., A. Saldaitis, et P. Ivinskis, P. 2007. Acta Zoologica Lituanica 17(4): 272–275.
 Speidel, W., P. Ivinskis, et A. Saldaitis. 2008. "A new Catocala species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 18(2): 122–123.
 Stevens, M. 2005. "The role of eyespots as anti-predator mechanisms, principally demonstrated in the Lepidoptera." Biological Reviews 80(4): 573–588. . HTML abstractum.
 "Underwing Moths of Oklahoma" apud ssitum digital.library.okstate.edu
 Weisert, F. 1998. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Österreichischen Entomologen 50: 125–126.

 Nexus externi 
 De genere apud situm bugguide.net
 De genere apud situm funet.fi
 De genere apud situm silkmoths.bizland.com

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Categoria:Taxa Schrank
Categoria:Taxa 1802