Capsicum (genus)

Capsicum (nomen a Linnaeo anno 1753 statutum) est genus plantarum florentium familiae Solanacearum. Generi sunt quinque fere species, cuius fructibus (Latine "capsicis" appellatis), capsaicinum continentibus, homines pro cibo et medicamentis uti solent. Species utiliores quinque, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum chinense, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum pubescens pluresque cultivarietates recognoscuntur.

 Subdivisiones 
Species per clados hic digeruntur post schema a Carrizo García collegisque anno 2016 statutum, novis speciebus ex opere Gloriae Barboza collegarumque anno 2022 divulgato auctum. post 

 Incertae sedis
 Capsicum benoistii
 Cladus Andeanus
 Capsicum dimorphum
 Capsicum geminifolium (recenter C. scolnikianum)
 Capsicum hookerianum
 Capsicum lanceolatum
 Capsicum longifolium
 Capsicum lycianthoides
 Capsicum piuranum
 Capsicum regale
 Capsicum rhomboideum 
 Cladi monotypi
 Capsicum tovarii 
 Capsicum ceratocalyx
 Capsicum neei
 Cladus Bolivianus
 Capsicum caballeroi
 Capsicum coccineum 
 Capsicum minutiflorum
 Cladus pubescens
 Capsicum pubescens
 Capsicum cardenasii 
 Capsicum eshbaughii 
 Capsicum eximium 
 Cladus baccatus
 Capsicum baccatum var. baccatum, var. pendulum, var. umbilicatum
 Capsicum chacoense 
 Capsicum rabenii (recenter C. praetermissum)Olof Ryding, "Count F. C. Raben's Brazilian herbaria" in Taxon vol. 51 (2002) pp. 369-376 JSTOR 
 Cladus annuus
 Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum, var. annuum
 Capsicum chinense
 Capsicum frutescens
 Capsicum galapagoense
 Cladus flexuosus
 Capsicum flexuosum 
 Cladus silvae Atlanticae
 Capsicum campylopodium
 Capsicum carassense
 Capsicum cornutum
 Capsicum friburgense
 Capsicum mirabile
 Capsicum mirum pp. 245-249
 Capsicum muticum pp. 249-253
 Capsicum pereirae
 Capsicum recurvatum
 Capsicum schottianum
 Capsicum villosum
 Cladus Caatingae
 Capsicum caatingae
 Capsicum parvifolium
 Capsicum longidentatum

 Notae 

 Bibliographia 

 Bibliographica
  Jean-Patrick Ferrari, Georges Aillaud, "Bibliographie du genre Capsicum" in Journal d'agriculture traditionnelle et de botanique appliquée vol. 18 (1971) pp. 385-480

 Opera antiquiora
 1554 : 
 1561 : 
 1573 : Petrus Andreas Matthiolus, I discorsi ... nelle sei libri di Pedacio Dioscoride Anazarbeo della materia medicinale (editio 1573) lib. 2 cap. 148 ; idem, Commentarii in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de Materia Medica (editio 1574) lib. 2 cap. 153 pp. 434-437
 1582 : Ulysses Aldrovandus, Elenchus plantarum omnium quae in studiosorum horto publico, cui ipse praeest, terrae gremio fuere commissa ab anno 1568, quo primum fuit extructus, usque ad 1582 (manuscriptum) ("Capsicum brasilianum") (fide Federica Rotelli, "Exotic plants in Italian pharmacopoeia" in Medicina nei secoli vol. 30 (2018) pp. 827-880 ad p. 836; cf. enumerationem manuscriptorum)
 1590 : 
 ante 1595 : 
 1596 : 
 1608 : Rembertus Dodonaeus, Cruydt-boeck (nova editio). Lugduni Batavorum: Ravelingen, 1608 ; eiusdem Cruydt boeck volgens sijne laetzte verbeteringhe. Balthasar Moretus, 1644 
 1611 : 
 1615 : 
 1640 : Ioannes Parkinsonus, Theatrum botanicum pp. 355-359 
 1640 : Basilius Besler, Hortus Eystettensis. 2a ed. Norimbergae classis autumnalis tabb. 6-13
 1648 : Gulielmus Piso, Georgius Marcgravius, Historia naturalis Brasiliae. Lugduni Batavorum: apud Franciscum Hackium pars i (Piso) pp. 107-108, pars ii (Marcgravius) pp. 39-41
 1678-1703 : Henricus van Rhede tot Draakestein, Horti Malabarici pars prima [... duodecima]. Amstelaedami: sumptibus Johannis van Someren, et Joannis van Dyck pars 2 tab. 56, p. 109; pars 9 tab. 35
 1694 : "Piment" in Thomas Corneille, Dictionnaire des arts et des sciences vol. 4. Lutetiae: Coignard  
 1695 :  vol. 5 p. 247 et tab. 88; cf.  p. 462
 1696 : Hans Sloane, Catalogus plantarum quae in insula Iamaica sponte proveniunt, vel vulgo coluntur. Londinii: Brown 
 1699 : Robertus Morison, Plantarum historiae universalis Oxoniensis. Oxoniae  ("Solanum urens Capsicum dictum")
 1700 : Iosephus Pitton Tournefort, Institutiones rei herbariae pp. 152-153, tabula 66
 ante 1725 : Henry Barham, Hortus Americanus (Kingston Iamaicae, 1794) pp. 30-31
 1737 : Ioannes Burmannus, Thesaurus Zeylanicus. Amstelaedami: apud Janssonio-Waesbergios & Salomonem Schouten p. 53
 1737 : Carolus Linnaeus, Hortus Cliffortianus. Amstelodami pp. 59-60
 1753 : 
 1768 : Philip Miller, The Gardener's Dictionary. 8a ed. Londinii s.v. "Capsicum"
 1772 : "Piment, ou Poivre d'Inde, ou Poivre de Guinée" in Le grand vocabulaire françois. Lutetiae: Panckouck  ("On la cultive beaucoup dans les pays chauds, comme en Espagne, au Portugal et dans les provinces méridionales du Royaume [de France]")
 1791 : "Piment" in Jacques C. Valmont de Bomare, Dictionnaire raisonné universel d'histoire naturelle 
 1798 : Nicolas Jolyclerc, Phytologie universelle, ou, Histoire naturelle et méthodique des plantes. Lutetiae: Gueffier jeune  ("Piment, Poivre long ou Corail des jardins")
 1804 : J. L. M. Poiret, "Piment: Capsicum" in Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Botanique vol. 5 (Encyclopédie méthodique. Lutetiae, 1804) 
 1813 : Michel Félix Dunal, Histoire naturelle, médicale et économique des Solanum. Lutetiae: Koenig, 1813 
 1832 : Antonius Fingerhuth, Monographia generis Capsici. Düsseldorpii  apud Internet Archive
 1852 : M. F. Dunal, "Solanaceae" in A. de Candolle, Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis vol. 13 fasc. 1 (Lutetiae: Masson, 1852) p. 428
 1898 : , "A revision of the genus Capsicum, with especial reference to garden varieties" in Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report (1898) pp. 53-110 JSTOR

 Eruditio recentior
 Jean Andrews, Peppers: the domesticated capsicums. 2a ed. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995
 Jean Andrews, "The Peripatetic Chilli Pepper: diffusion of the domesticated capsicums since Columbus" in Nelson Foster, Linda S. Cordell, edd., Chilies to Chocolate: Food the Americas Gave the World (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1992) pp. 81-94 



 Carolina Carrizo García et al., "Diversification of chiles (Capsicum, Solanaceae) through time and space: New insights from genome-wide RAD-seq data" in Frontiers in Genetics vol. 13 (2022) 1030536
 Charles R. Clement, Michelly de Cristo-Araújo, Geo Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge, Alessandro Alves Pereira, Doriane Picanço-Rodrigues, "Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops" in Diversity vol. 2 (2010) pp. 72-106
 Diana Nataly Duque-Gamboa et al., "Mutualistic interaction of aphids and ants in pepper, Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutenscens [sic (Solanaceae)]" in Revista de Biología Tropical vol. 69 (2021) pp. 626-639
 Eva M. Filippa, Luis M. Bernardello, "Estructura y desarollo de fruto y semilla en especies de Athenaea, Aureliana y Capsicum (Solaneae, Solanaceae)" in Darwiniana vol. 31 (1992) pp. 137-150 JSTOR
 Evan C. Fricke et al., "When condition trumps location: seed consumption by fruit-eating birds removes pathogens and predator attractants" in Ecology Letters vol. 16 (2013) pp. 1031–1036
 Evan C. Fricke et al., "Gut passage and secondary metabolites alter the source of post‑dispersal predation for bird‑dispersed chili seeds" in Oecologia vol. 181 (2016) pp. 905–910
 David C. Haak et al., "Why are not all chilies hot? A trade-off limits pungency" in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences vol. 279 (2011/2012)
 Amit Krishna De, ed., Capsicum: The genus Capsicum. Londinii: Taylor & Francis, 2003 
 A. T. Erwin, "The peppers of America" in Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station: Bulletin no. 293 (1932) pp. 121–152
 Susana González-Pérez et al., "New Insights into Capsicum spp Relatedness and the Diversification Process of Capsicum annuum in Spain" in PLoS One (24 Decembris 2014)
 Charles B. Heiser, Of Plants and People (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985) pp. 142-154 Exemplar mutuabile 
 Seungill Kim et al., "Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum species" in Nature Genetics vol. 46 (2014) pp. 270–278
 Fernando Loaiza-Figueroa et al., "Patterns of genetic variation of the genus Capsicum (Solanaceae) in Mexico" in Plant Systematics and Evolution vol. 165 (1989) pp. 159-188
 M. J. McLeod, Sheldon I. Guttman, W. Hardy Eshbaugh, "Early Evolution of Chili Peppers (Capsicum)" in Economic Botany vol. 36 (1982) pp. 361-368 JSTOR
 Eduardo A. Moscone et al., "The evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum–Solanaceae): a cytogenetic perspective" in Acta Horticulturae vol. 745 (2007) pp. 137–169
 Catherine Parry et al., "Reproductive compatibility in Capsicum is not necessarily reflected in genetic or phenotypic similarity between species complexes" in PLoS One (24 Martii 2021)
 Vincent M. Russo, ed., Peppers: Botany, Production and Uses. Wallingford: CABI, 2008
 Kumpei Shiragaki, Shuji Yokoi, Takahiro Tezuka, "Phylogenetic Analysis and Molecular Diversity of Capsicum Based on rDNA-ITS Region" in Horticulturae vol. 6 (2020) no. 87; alibi
 A. Terpó, "Kritische Revision der wildwachsenden Arten und der kultivierten Sorten der Gattung Capsicum L." in Feddes repertorium vol. 72 (1966) pp. 155-191
 Brian M. Walsh, Sara B. Hoot, "Phylogenetic Relationships of Capsicum (Solanaceae) using DNA sequences from two noncoding regions" in International Journal of Plant Sciences vol. 162 (2001) pp. 1409–1418

 De speciebus cultis tantum
 Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa et al., "Pimentas do gênero Capsicum cultivadas em Roraima, Amazônia brasileira. I. Espécies domesticadas" in Acta Amazônica vol. 32 (2002) pp. 177-132 
 Sarah M. Bharath, Christian Cilas, Pathmanathan Umaharan, "Plant and fruit trait variations among four Capsicum species in a Caribbean germplasm collection" in Plant Genetic Resources vol. 12 (2014) pp. 48–57
 Charles B. Heiser, Jr., Barbara Pickersgill, "Names for the Cultivated Capsicum Species (Solanaceae)" in Taxon vol. 18 (1969) pp. 277-283 JSTOR
 Charles B. Heiser, Jr., Paul G. Smith, "The Cultivated Capsicum Peppers" in Economic Botany vol. 7 (1953) pp. 214-227 JSTOR
 V. P. Ibiza et al., "Taxonomy and genetic diversity of domesticated Capsicum species in the Andean region" in Genetics Resources and Crop Evolution vol. 59 (2011) pp. 1077–1088
 L. F. Lippert, P. G. Smith, B. O. Bergh, "Cytogenetics of the Vegetable Crops. Garden Pepper, Capsicum Sp." in Botanical Review vol. 32 (1966) pp. 24-55 JSTOR
 Jose de Jesus Luna-Ruiz, "Shifts in Plant Chemical Defenses of Chile Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Due to Domestication in Mesoamerica" in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution vol. 6 (2018) no. 45; alibi
 Marissa Moses, Pathmanathan Umaharan, "Building a quality niche for Caribbean hot peppers" in Acta horticulturae vol. 1047 (2014) pp. 108-118
 Herundino Ribeiro do Nascimento Filho, Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa, Francisco Joaci de Freitas Luz, "Pimentas do gênero Capsicum cultivadas em Roraima, Amazônia brasileira. II. Hábitos e formas de uso" in Acta Amazônica vol. 37 (2007) pp. 561-568
 Barbara Pickersgill, "Relationships Between Weedy and Cultivated Forms in Some Species of Chili Peppers (Genus capsicum)" in Evolution vol. 25 (1971) pp. 683-691 JSTOR

 De speciebus silvaticis tantum
 Gloria E. Barboza, "Lectotypifications, synonymy, and a new name in Capsicum (Solanoideae, Solanaceae)" in PhytoKeys vol. 2 (2011) pp. 23–38
 Gloria E. Barboza, Luciano De Bem Bianchetti, "Three New Species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) and a Key to the Wild Species from Brazil" in Systematic Botany vol. 30 (2005) pp. 863-871 JSTOR
 Gloria E. Barboza et al., "New Endemic Species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the Brazilian Caatinga: Comparison with the Re-circumscribed C. parvifolium" in Systematic Botany vol. 36 (2011) pp. 768-781 JSTOR



 Charles B. Heiser, Jr., Paul G. Smith, "New Species of Capsicum from South America" in Brittonia vol. 10 (1958) pp. 194-201 JSTOR
 Armando T. Hunziker, "Estudios sobre Solanaceae. I. Sinopsis de las especies silvestres de Capsicum: de Agrentina y Paraguay" in Darwiniana vol. 9 (1950) pp. 225-247 JSTOR
 Armando T. Hunziker, "Estudios sobre Solanaceae. XLVI. Los ajíes silvestres de Argentina (Capsicum)" in Darwiniana vol. 36 (1998) pp. 201-203 JSTOR
 Colin K. Khoury et al., "Modelled distributions and conservation status of the wild relatives of chile peppers (Capsicum L.)" in Diversity and Distributions vol. 26 (2020) pp. 209-225 JSTOR
 Michael Nee, Lynn Bohs, Sandra Knapp, "New Species of Solanum and Capsicum (Solanaceae) from Bolivia, with Clarification of Nomenclature in Some Bolivian Solanum" in Brittonia vol. 58 (2006) pp. 322-356 JSTOR

 Nexus externi 

 "Descriptors for Capsicum (Capsicum spp.)" apud Bioversity International
 "Pepperfriends"

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Categoria:Genera plantarum
Categoria:Taxa Linnaei
Categoria:Taxa 1753