Res publica democratica Congensis

Res publica democratica CongensisLatine alii aliter. Cf. "in Republica Congica (Leopoldopoli)" (1963), "in republica Congensi" (2001), et in Nuntiis Latinis: "in re publica democratica Congica". Vide etiam disputationem nostram. (Francogallice République Démocratique du Congo), olim Zairum,Vide fontes de flumine. Inde vb. adiect. "Zairensis" . est civitas sui iuris in Africa sita, circiter 66 500 000 incolarum (anno 2008) habens. Caput est urbs Kinshasa. Claritatis causa, civitas Congo Kinshasa et Congo olim Belgica etiam appellatur, eo quod binae sunt civitates Africanae nomine Congo notae, quae eorum nomina a flumine Congo deducunt. Praeses nunc est Felix Tshisekedi.

 Etymologia 
Nomen Reipublicae Democraticae Congensis ad flumen Congo (alterum nomen: flumen Zairum), totam civitatem transfluens, respicit. Fluminis ipsius nomen de lingua Bantuensi Kongo (sive Kikongo). Nomina civitatis pristina quoque nexus cum flumine ostendabant: Status liber Congensis (1885—1908), Congo Belgicae (1908—1960), Res publica Congensis (1960—1964, etiam "Congo et Leopoldopolis"), Res publica democratica Congensis (1964—1971), et Res publica Zairum (1971—1997). Verbum Zairum ipsum de verbo Congensi nzadi derivatum est. Nzadi signifcat "flumen", Zairi commutatio Lusitana est.

 Geographia 
Res publica democratica Congensis e viginti sex provinciis constituta est. Praecipuae urbes sunt Kinshasa (8 096 254 incolarum), Mbuji-Mayi (806 475), Lubumbashi (851 381), Kisangani (417 517), et Bukavu (201 569).

 Provinciae 
Dividitur Res publica democratica Congensis in provincias, cum una provincia urbana Kinshasae et viginti quinque aliarum. Provinciae ipsae iterum in centum quadraginta quinque territoriorum et triginta duae urbium dividuntur:

 Montes 
 Montes Lunae in confinio Ugandensi
 Mons Nyragongus (ignifer), 3470 metra

 Flora et fauna 
Civitatis silvis pluvialibus diversitas biologica magna est, includens species rarae et endemicae multae, ut panos troglodytae (in Indice Rubro IUCN indicatum), panos panisci, loxodontae cyclotis (elephanti silvestris Africani), gorillae montani, okapiae (sive giraffae montanae), et rhinoceri albi.

Quinque saeptorum nationalium civitatis patrimonio totius mundi attribuuntur: saeptum nationale Garamabe, saeptum nationale et Kahuzi et Biegae, saeptum nationale Salongae, saeptum nationale Virungae, reservatum faunae Okapiarum.

 Politica 
Civitas est res publica democratica praesidentialis. Anno 2003 constitutione transitionali legislatura duorum conciliorum (→bicameralismus) instituta est: Senatus et congressus.

 Demographia 
 Sermones 
Lingua Francogallica est sermo publicus; homines autem aliis 210 sermonibus quotidie utuntur. Linguae nationales sunt: Kituba, Lingala, Luba et Kasai, lingua Suahelica.

 Greges ethnici 
Incolae Reipublicae Democraticae Congensis de gregibus ducentibus constitutae sunt, inter eas grex Bantuensium maximus est. Anno 2018 numerus omnium incolarum octoginta quattuor millionum aestimatus est.

 Historia 
A saeculo XIV terrae Congenses occidentales pars regni Congi fuerunt. Saeculo XV exeunte Lusitani hic advenerunt, et saeculo XIX Francogalli. Respublica Democratica Congensis fuit colonia personalis Leopoldi II regis Belgarum (Status Liber CongumMissiones catholicae cura S. Congregationis de propaganda fide descriptae in annum MDCCCXCII, Romae 1892, p. 354. tunc nominabatur), et usque ad annum 1960 colonia Belgica mansit. Ab anno 1965 usque ad annum 1997, Iosephus Mobutu munus praesidis (vere a nonnullis dictator habitus) sustinuit.

 Pinacotheca 


 Dingonek
 Ebola (flumen)
 Lacus Mweru
 Ota Benga
 Respublica Congensis
 Universitas Congolensis

 Notae 

 Bibliographia 
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 Gondola, Charles Didier. 2002. "The History of Congo." Westport Connecticutae: Greenwood Press.
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 Mwakikagile, Godfrey. 2006. Africa and America in The Sixties: A Decade That Changed The Nation and The Destiny of A Continent. New Africa Press. ISBN 978-0-9802534-2-9.
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 O'Hanlon, Redmond. 1998. No Mercy: A Journey into the Heart of the Congo.
 Prunier, Gérard. 2011. Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe.
 Renton, David, David Seddon, et Leo Zeilig. 2007. The Congo: Plunder and Resistance. ISBN 978-1-84277-485-4.
 Reyntjens, Filip. 2009. The Great African War: Congo and Regional Geopolitics, 1996–2006.
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 Stearns, Jason. 2011. Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa. Public Affairs.
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 Turner, Thomas. 2007. The Congo Wars: Conflict, Myth and Reality.
 Van Reybrouck, David. 2014. Congo: The Epic History of a People,
 Wrong, Michela. In the Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster in Mobutu's Congo.
 Young, M. Crawford, et Thomas Edwin Turner. 2013. The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8.

 Nexus externi 

Categoria:Civitates sui iuris
Categoria:Condita 1960
Categoria:Res publica democratica Congensis
Categoria:Respublicae