Отсӧг:Международнӧй фонетическӧй алфавит

Международнӧй фонетическӧй алфавит (МФА) — тайӧ фонетическӧй символъяслӧн стандартизируйтӧм система, коді вӧдитчӧ сёрнитан кывйын шыяс петкӧдлӧм могысь. Сійӧс лӧсьӧдіс Международнӧй фонетика ассоциация 1888 воын.

ИПА сетӧ позянлун кыв туялысьяслы, велӧдысьяслы, логопедъяслы, студентъяслы гижны любӧй кывйысь кывъяслысь дзик ӧткодь шуанногъяс.

 Шаблонъяс 
 Шаблон:Infobox IPA 
Тайӧ шаблоныс шусьӧ Шаблон:Infobox IPA. Медым сійӧн вӧдитчыны пример вылӧ:
{{Infobox IPA|ipa symbol=ɡ}}

Став юкӧнъясыс:

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Письмӧяс

 Symbol  Examples  Description ^ top A  Modern RP cat, German Mann, French gare The RP vowel is often transcribed with  for historical reasons. For many English speakers, the first part of the ow sound in cow.  Mandarin 他 tā, American English father, Spanish casa, French patte  RP cut, German Kaiserslautern (In transcriptions of English,  is usually written .)  RP father, French pâte, Dutch bad  French Caen, sans, temps Nasalized .  Canadian English lot, Persian  / fârsi Like , but with the lips slightly rounded.  American English cut Like , but without the lips being rounded. (When  is used for English, it may really be  or .)  GA cat ^ top B  English babble  Swahili bwana Like a  said with a gulp. See implosive consonants.  Spanish abril, Kinyarwanda abana "children", Korean 무궁화  mugunghwa Like , but with the lips not quite closed. Nias simbi  "lower jaw"Sputtering. ^ top C  Turkish kebap "kebab", Czech stín "shadow", Greek και "and" Between English tune (RP) and cute. Sometimes used instead for  in languages like Hindi.  German Ich More of a -coloration (more palatal) than . Some English speakers have a similar sound in huge. This sound can be produced by whispering loudly the word "ye" as in "Hear ye!".  Mandarin 先 xiān, Polish ściana More -like than ; something like English she.  see under O ^ top D  English dad  Swahili Dodoma Like  said with a gulp.  American English harder Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back.  English the, bathe  English adds, Italian zero  English judge  Polish niedźwiedź "bear" Like , but with more of a -sound.  Polish dżem "jam" Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back. ^ top E  Scottish English day, Australian English bet, Spanish fe; French clé, German KleeSimilar to American English hey, before the y sets in.  Australian English bird  English above, Hindi अब  (ab) "now"  American English runner  British, Irish, North American English bet, New Zealand English bat  French Saint-Étienne, vin, main Nasalized .  RP bird (long)  American English bird ^ top F  English fun  see under J  see under J ^ top G  English gag (Should look like 6px|class=skin-invert. Not different from a Latin "g")  Swahili Uganda Like  said with a gulp.  Like , but further back, in the throat. Found in Persian and some Arabic dialects for , as in Muammar Gaddafi.  see under Z English beige. ^ top H  American English house  English ahead, when said quickly.  The extra puff of air in English top  compared to stop , or to French or Spanish .  Arabic  Muḥammad Far down in the throat, like , but stronger.Iraqi Arabic   "alive"Corresponds to  (ح) in Standard Arabic.  see under Y  see under L ^ top I  English sea, French ville, Spanish Valladolid  British, Irish, North American English sit, New Zealand English set  Russian ты "you" Often used for unstressed English roses. ^ top J  English yes, hallelujah, German Junge  In Russian Ленин  Indicates a sound is more -like.  Spanish cayo (some dialects) Like , but stronger.  Turkish gör "see", Czech díra "hole" Between English dew (RP) and argue. Sometimes used instead for  in languages like Hindi.  Swahili jambo Like  said with a gulp. ^ top K  English kick, skip ^ top L  English leaf  English woolRussian малый  "small" "Dark" el.  Welsh llwyd  "grey"Zulu hlala  "sit" By touching the roof of mouth with the tongue and giving a quick breath out. Found in Welsh placenames like Llangollen and Llanelli and Nelson Mandela's Xhosa name Rolihlahla.  Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back.  A flapped , like  and  said together.  Zulu dla "eat" Rather like  and , or  and , said together. ^ top M  English mime  English symphony Like , but the lips touch the teeth as they do in .  see under W  see under W ^ top N  English nun  English sing, Māori nga  Spanish Peña, French champagne Rather like English canyon ( said quickly).  Hindi वरुण  Varuna Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back.  Castilian Spanish Don Juan  Like , but further back, in the throat. ^ top O  Modern RP, Australian and New Zealand English caught (long)Spanish no, French eau, German Boden Somewhat reminiscent of American English no. The RP vowel is usually transcribed with  for historical reasons.  Modern RP, Australian and New Zealand English cotGerman Oldenburg, French Garonne The RP vowel is usually transcribed with  for historical reasons.  French Lyon, son Nasalized .  New Zealand English nurse, French feu, bœufs, German Goethe Like , but with the lips rounded like .  Modern RP foot, Dutch hut, French je, Swedish dum Halfway between  and . Similar to  but with the tongue slightly more down and front. The RP vowel is typically transcribed with , the Dutch vowel is often transcribed with  or , whereas the French vowel is typically transcribed with .  French bœuf, seul, German Göttingen Like , but with the lips rounded like .  French brun, parfum Nasalized .   ^ top P  English pip ^ top Q  Arabic  Qur’ān Like , but further back, in the throat. ^ top R  Spanish perro, Scottish English borrow "Rolled R". (Often used for other rhotics, such as English , when there's no ambiguity.)  Spanish pero, Tagalog daliri, Malay kabar, American English kitty/kiddie Like a “rolled R”, except the tongue flaps only once.  Dutch rood and German rot (some speakers) A trill in the back of the throat. Found for  in some conservative registers of French.  Urdu ساڑی  "saree" Like flapped , but with the tongue curled back.  most accents of English borrow   Tamil புழு puḻu "worm", Mandarin 人民日报 Rénmín Rìbào "People's Daily", American English borrow, butter Like , but with the tongue curled or pulled back, as pronounced by many English speakers.  French Paris, German Riemann (some dialects) Said back in the throat, but not trilled. ^ top S  English sass  English shoe  Mandarin 少林 (Shàolín), Russian Пушкин (Pushkin) Acoustically similar to , but with the tongue curled or pulled back. ^ top T  English tot, stop  Hindi टमाटर  (ṭamāṭar) "tomato" Like , but with the tongue curled or pulled back.  English cats, Russian царь tsar  English church  Mandarin 北京 Běijīng (), Polish ciebie "you" Like , but with more of a -sound.  Mandarin 真正 zhēnzhèng, Polish czas Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back. ^ top U  American English food, French vous "you", German Schumacher  American English foot, German Bundesrepublik  Modern RP, Australian English food (long) Like , but with the lips rounded as for .  see under V  see under Y  see under W ^ top V  English verve  Hindi वरुण  "Varuna" Between  and . Used by some Germans and Russians for v/w, and by some speakers of British English for r.  see under Y  see under Y  see under A ^ top W  English wow   Indicates a sound has lip rounding, as in English rain   what (some dialects) like  and  said together  Turkish kayık "caïque", Scottish Gaelic gaol Like , but with the lips flat; something like .  Spanish aguaLike [w], but with the lips flat. ^ top X  Scottish English loch, German Bach, Russian хлеб  "bread", Spanish joven between  and   northern Standard Dutch Scheveningen, Castilian Spanish Don Juan  Like , but further back, in the throat. Some German and Arabic speakers have  for . ^ top Y  French rue, German Bülow Like , but with the lips rounded as for .  Scottish English foot, German Düsseldorf Like , but with the lips rounded as for .  Arabic   and Swahili ghali "expensive", Spanish suegro Sounds rather like French  or between  and .  Mandarin 河南 Hénán, Scottish Gaelic taigh Like  but without the lips rounded, something like a cross of  and .  Italian tagliatelle, Portuguese mulher Like , but more [j]-like. Rather like English volume.  French lui Like  and  said together. ^ top Z  English zoo  English vision, French journal  old-styled Russian позже  "later", Polish źle More -like than , something like beigey.  Russian жир "fat" Like  with the tongue curled or pulled back.  see under L ^ top Others  English thigh, bath  Japanese 富士  Fuji, Māori  wharenui Like , but with the lips not quite touching  English uh-oh, Hawai‘i, German die Angst The 'glottal stop', a catch in the breath. For some people, found in button , or between vowels across words: Deus ex machina ; in some nonstandard dialects, in a apple .  Arabic   /  "Arabic" A light, voiced sound deep in the throat, articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx (back of the throat).  English tsk-tsk! or tut-tut!, Zulu icici "earring" (The English click used for disapproval.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including . The Zimbabwean MP Ncube has this click in his name, as did Cetshwayo.  English tchick! tchick!, Zulu ixoxo "frog" (The English click used to urge on a horse.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including . Found in the name of the Xhosa.  Zulu iqaqa "polecat" (The English click used to imitate the trotting of a horse.) A hollow popping sound, like a cork pulled from a bottle. Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including .  ǂ’Amkoe ʘoa "two" Like a kissing sound.  Khoekhoe ǂgā-amǃnâ  "to put in the mouth"Like an imitation of a chewing sound.

Marks added to letters
Several marks can be added above, below, before or after letters. These are here shown on a carrier letter such as the vowel a. A more complete list is given at .

 Symbol  Example  Description  Signs above a letter  French    A nasal vowel, as with a Texas twang  Portuguese vá  "go" A central vowel pronounced with the tongue position in the middle of the mouth; neither forward nor back  English police  An extra-short speech sound (usually a vowel)  Signs below a letter  English cow , koi  This vowel does not form a syllable of its own, but runs into the vowel next to it. (In English, the diacritic is generally left off: .) English boy , doe 
(see also) Sounds like a loud whisper;  is like a whispered breath through the nose.  is found in Tibetan Lhasa.  English button A consonant without a vowel (English  is often transcribed .)  Spanish dos, French   The tongue touches the teeth more than it does in English.  Signs next to a letter  English come Aspirated consonant, pronounced with a puff of air. Similarly .  Zulu ukuza "come" Ejective. Like a popped , pushed from the throat. Similarly .  English shh!  Long. Often used with English vowels or diphthongs: Mayo  for , etc.  RP caught  Semi-long. (Although the vowel is different, this is also longer than cot .)  pronunciation Main stress. The mark denotes the stress of the following syllable.  Weaker stress. The mark denotes the stress of the following syllable.  English courtship  vs core chip  Syllable break (this is often redundant and therefore left off)