Bʋʋg

Bʋʋg anԑ yin bʋnkↄnbʋg, li anԑ bʋnkↄnb kanԑ mԑn da dԑŋim paas yin bʋnkↄnbid la ni yiiga mԑn.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine Labakʋda pa’al ye ba da gban’e bʋʋgnԑ yi mↄↄgin bʋnkↄnbid ni n mↄri li kul la ka li lieb yin bʋnkↄnbʋg.https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.287.5461.2254Bʋʋs   tisid ti Bin'isim, ni’im, Kɔnbid nε gbauŋ n bε dunia nwa wʋsa ni.https://web.archive.org/web/20070204014920/http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/goatoverview.html

Bʋʋs bin’isim ka ba mͻri maal diid kanε ka buon ye bʋʋg  cheese.

Yʋʋm tusa ayi nε piinε yinne la,bʋʋs daa gat 924 million  n bε dunia nwa ni, yit  UN  lʋgir kanε gͻsi ku’ob nε gu’ul  la.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization

 Buudi pian’ad namɛ pin’il si’em 
Dʋn bama nwa na’asaalin, Modern English buon ye bʋʋg la, yi nɛ na’asaal kʋdʋg, Old English gāt bʋsa’a, ka li pa’an bʋʋs wʋsa la, ka lin mɛ yi nɛ Proto-Germanic *gaitaz (cf. Dutch/Frisian/Islandic/Norwegian geit, German Geiß, Gothic gaits), ka kpɛn yi nɛ Proto-Indo-European *ģaidos ka ling bin an “bʋ pⴢl” (cf. Latin haedus “bil”).Calvert Watkins et al., The American Heritage Dictionary (1975, edited by William Morris). Ka li pa’al ye pɛ’ɛraʋg, na’asaal kʋdʋgʋn la buon bucca (cf.Dutch/Frisian bok ka dʋnna an ye buck) ka hegote nyaan da ti yisi la bas, hegote kanɛ da bɛ 12th century la naarin la.Ullman, B. L. (1943). "Bucca, Bucca". Classical Philology. 38 (2): 94–102. doi:10.1086/362696. ISSN 0009-837X. JSTOR 264294. Nanny goat, bʋ nyan’aŋ (bʋn-nyan’as) da pin’ili bɛ nɛ 18th century la ni, ka billy goat, bʋ raʋg (bʋn raad) bɛllim da pin’il 19th century la ni."nanny-goat". OED. July 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2024."billy-goat". OED. March 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2024. bʋ-raad banɛ ka b azan anɛ wethers. Ka hircine nɛ caprine wʋsa pa’an nɛ bʋn kanɛ wʋsa mⴢri bʋʋg itima, ba yɛt hircine tita’am nɛ, ye li pa’al yin bʋʋg la nyuugʋ bɛɛ li kⴢn’ la."hircine | Etymology of hircine by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. Retrieved March 26, 2024."Definition of CAPRINE". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved March 26, 2024.

 Bʋʋgʋ sin’iŋ si’em na 
Gbaʋŋ la mɛŋ: Evolution of domestic goats 

Bʋʋg paas yiiga bʋnkⴢnbʋd banɛ ka saalib mⴢri kul yaan nɛ milis ka ba lieb yin bʋnam.http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/goats/ Bʋʋs buudi vɛnsʋg yɛlahttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2584717 yina pa’al ye mⴢⴢgin bʋʋg, bezoar ibex kanɛ yi nɛ Zagros Mountains, Zagros zuoya ni la, onɛ tun’oe an yin bʋʋs wʋsa bɛɛ ba paamm sa, naam nɛ on ni ka bɛ zina la.

Neolithic kpaadib da pin’ili kim kⴢnbid nɛ bin’isim nɛ ni’im zug, la’am nɛ ba bina bugulum kanɛ da an bugum; ka mⴢri ba kⴢnba, nɛ kⴢnbʋd/zuobʋd nɛ ba giinla la maan fuud, ka mⴢri mɛɛd, ka ba lɛn am tʋʋma la’ad. Yiigin paa la, bʋʋs banɛ da lieb yin bʋnam la, yʋʋma 10,000 ni sa la bɛ nɛ Ganj Dareh, Iran teŋin.https://phys.org/news/2021-06-year-old-dna-pens-tales-earliest.html Ba nyɛ bʋ-kpiilima niŋgbina vɛɛnsigʋn Jericho, Choga, Mami,https://books.google.com/books?id=1WOPkmChaFsC&dq=choga+mami+goat&pg=PA124 Djeitun, nɛ Çayönü teesin ka bʋʋs mɛ da kpɛn’ yaanɛ bɛi, hali 8,000 nɛ 9,000 yʋʋma  la ni sa. Western Asia teŋin.

DNA vɛɛnsʋs yɛt ye, bʋʋs yin miinlʋŋ da bɛ 10,000 yʋʋma la ni sa. Pin’iligin la sa, bʋʋg gbaʋŋ da mⴢri maan kʋliba suud ku’om nɛ daam, mⴢri ba duod sour, ka mⴢri ba ta’asid kateŋi kuosid. Li da lɛn anɛ wʋʋ parchment kanɛ ka ba sⴢbidi li zug.   http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683616641741  

 Bʋʋg niŋgbina la luos vɛɛnsʋg tʋʋma       
Bʋʋg buudi wʋsa mⴢr ba tɛbisim ka li bɛɛ li kⴢn , ka ban pʋ zan’ bɛɛ…. bʋsi’a tɛbisim an 140kg (30 lb),  ka bʋbibis  an 20 paae 27kg (45 paae 60 lb).Taylor, R.E. and Field, T.G., "Growth and Development" Scientific Farm Animal Production: An Introduction to Animal Science, 6th Ed. Prentice-Hall (1999) Upper Saddle River pg 321–324. Bʋʋg dⴢⴢg buudi si’a ni ziim giinla zɛmisim bɛɛ li gʋllim nɛ dⴢⴢg si’a bʋʋg. zɛmisim nam la nii, African Pygmy buudi kanɛ an 41 paae 58cm (16 paae 23 in) ka makidi nɛ kpɛɛm bankimpiing nɛ.Belanger, J & Bredesen, S. T, "Basic Information about Goats" Storey's Guide to Raising Dairy Goats, 2nd ed. Storey Publishing (2010) North Adams, pg 14

Bʋʋs bɛdigʋ mⴢri iila, horns ayi, ka ba zɛmisʋg nɛ ba bɛdim bɛ gʋn gʋn kanɛ yinɛ bʋʋg dⴢⴢg buudi, breed la ni.http://www.americangoatsociety.com/education/polled_genetics.php Saŋa si’a nii, polycerate bʋʋs (banɛ mⴢri iila anii) amaa nɛŋa anɛ sikkir kanɛ ka ti pʋ ba’ nyɛtti lii. Wʋʋ niigi la’asid nɛ taaba si’em la, bʋʋs on pʋ duoe naa tun’oe la’asida ala, polled, ka sikkir kanɛ pa’an lin na an bʋn daʋg bɛɛ bʋn nya’aŋ, nɛ sikkir linɛ pa’an iila buudi la anɛ yinne. Bʋʋs buudi ayi ya’ dʋ, li kɛt ka bʋʋs buudi kⴢn’ⴢb kⴢn’ⴢb dʋt taaba, intersex. Banɛ kʋ nyaŋi du’aa, sterile la. Ba iila la anɛ kⴢnb vʋya, ka keratin nɛ protein lusi giligi li, ka ba mⴢri ba faandi ba mɛŋ, tun’oe ba taaba, gʋ’ʋdi ba zin’is,https://books.google.com/books?id=RJS9NEpYnd8C ka zɛmisidi ba niŋgbina tʋʋlʋg.https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fphyszool.39.2.30152426 Bʋ raʋg nɛ bʋ nya’aŋ wʋsa tun’oe mⴢri tieŋ, ka bʋʋs buudi bɛdigʋ (ka bɛdigʋ tisid bin’isim, bin’isim Boer, nɛ pygmy goats) tun’oe mⴢri wattles, ka ba bɛ niŋgⴢⴢnrin la zugu yɛ’ɛm.http://www.tripleigoats.com/faq.htm Bʋʋg nini anɛ pupuur. Bʋʋg ninbiela an pipɛlig la zugⴢ, ka lin bɛɛ li kⴢn’ la, la baŋir pʋ tⴢi zaŋi kn bʋnkⴢnb sieba ni wʋʋ niigi, gbambʋʋg, widsieba, nɛ pɛ’ɛs bɛdigʋ banɛ nimbiisi an sabil nɛ sclara. Bʋʋs pʋ mⴢⴢri tear ducts sɛ.https://animals.mom.com/animals-tear-ducts-9716.html

Bʋʋs anɛ ruminants, bʋnkⴢnbid banɛ yisid diib kanɛ ka ba di ka li paae ba pʋʋrin la bugusid ya’as. Ba mⴢri pʋʋr buudi zin’is anaasi, ba anɛ rumen, reticulum, omasum la, nɛ abomasum la. li ya’a an bʋmkⴢnb sieba banɛ mɛ mⴢri pʋya anaasi la, ban mⴢri tafɛɛda ayi. Bʋn-nya’as la mⴢri udder bin’is-nⴢya ayi, kanɛ ka niigi mⴢri bʋnama anaasi.Taylor, R.E., Scientific Farm Animal Production: An Introduction to Animal Science, 6th ed, Upper Saddle River (Prentice Hall) 1998 Boer goat din mɛ bɛɛ li kⴢn, ka ba tun’oe mⴢri bin’is-nⴢya aniihttps://web.archive.org/web/20141112211106/http://www.boergoatshome.com/genetic-goat-flaws.phphttps://archive.today/20141112193133/http://roosterridgeboergoats.com/articles/choosing-your-4h-boer-goat-doe-guide-4hers 

Saŋa sieba bʋʋs si’im an wʋʋ dⴢnbʋʋlʋg yi nɛ bʋn kanɛ pa’ani ba si’im na an si’em la, buon ye pheomelanin (tan/brown pigment). Allele la sʋ’oe ka si’im la gʋlib la naamid la bɛ nɛ agouti locus bʋʋg la genome la ni. Linɛ mⴢri paŋi, dominant gat allele nam  banɛ wʋsa bɛ locus la ni. Modifier genes bɛdigʋ bɛ, ka pa’an si’ib la na naam si’em, kɛ linɛ nwaa wʋʋ dⴢnbʋʋlim si’im la bɛ bʋʋgʋn la tun’oe mⴢri si’im pielig ti paae si’im zian fimm.

 Bʋʋs kpinnim yɛla 
Bʋʋs anɛ diploid ka mⴢri chromosomes nam pisyuobu (60).https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023310003199 SLC11A1 kpinnim la bɛ nɛ bʋʋg chromosomes 2 la ni.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023310003199 

 Bʋʋs itima an si’em, la’am nɛ ba taaba sʋʋgin 
Bʋʋs anɛ banɛ ye bⴢⴢd ye ba baŋ linɛ bɛ wʋsa. Ba tun’oe nɛ zⴢt, ka dʋt tiis ka tun’oe fɛntidi ba mɛŋ zin’ig banɛ mⴢri dabi’em. Nɛŋa kɛ ka ba an ruminant, pʋya anaasi bʋnkⴢnbid ma’aa banɛ dʋt tiis saŋa wʋsa. Ban tun’oe ken tⴢ’ⴢtⴢ ka walibid la zugⴢ, ba mⴢri tʋʋm sa’aŋ ka  yitti ba bʋlʋʋgin la, kenɛ iandi dʋt la’ad banɛ ka ba giŋi lus, ka li anɛ ba bⴢdim bɛɛ ban miilim la’ad dʋʋb la yɛla. ka ba ya’ kadi ba, ba na zⴢⴢ yi. Vɛɛnsig pa’al ye bʋʋg mⴢri baŋir bɛdigʋ wʋʋ baas nɛ.https://www.sciencealert.com/goats-are-just-as-smart-and-loving-as-dogs-say-scientists

Ba ya’ la’as nɛ taaba, ba pʋ an gumm wʋʋ pɛ’ɛsi an si’emm. Ba ya’a bɛ yaama ⴢnbir ni ka sⴢ’ pʋ daami ba, ba ye lⴢbɛ widigi gilig mⴢⴢgin la ⴢnbid, ba pʋ tabi nɛ taaba dit wʋʋ pɛ’ɛsi maan si’em la. Ba ya’a du’a mⴢri ba biis, bʋʋs wɛligid nɛ ba  biis la basidi ba zin’isia (“lying out”) biis la pʋ dⴢli ba wʋʋ pɛ’ɛsi maan si’em la. Ba na kad linɛ wʋsa li’eli ba, ka bʋn daad la sunf na pɛlig, ka ba na tuod nidib, amaa pɛ’ɛraad, rams on ka’ ala.Fowler, M.E. Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals, 3rd Ed, Witley-Blackwell, 2008 pg 144

Qqueen Mary university vɛɛnsig da pa’al ye bʋʋs mⴢⴢdi ye ba pian’a nɛ saalib wʋʋ yin bʋnkⴢnbid bama nɛ, baas nɛ widi . Bʋʋs da lieb yi bʋnkⴢnbid yiiga nɛ, ye ba an faar, yʋʋma 10,000 nɛ nya’aŋ kanɛ gaad la ni. Vɛɛnsig naam ya, ye li gⴢs linɛ kɛ ka bʋʋs tun’oe sⴢsid nɛ saalib, ka li yi na ye, bʋʋs ied sʋŋir nid san’an o ya’a bɛ mugusʋg pʋʋgin, kanɛ pʋn mi’ naam sa. Wʋʋ daka ka ba zaŋi zi’el, ka bʋʋg la da nyaŋi pibigi li liŋ la ka zaŋ linɛ bɛ daka la pʋʋgin, amaa daka la ka ba daa lɛbigi li kpabil, ka liŋ la kʋ nyaŋi yis la, bʋʋg la da fɛndigi o nindaa kpa’ nɛ nid la ka vʋrigi keni  ba san’an, ka nyaan gi’e gⴢⴢsid daka la zin’igin. Nɛ'ɛŋa nwa an pian’ad buudi kanɛ ka ba nyɛ ka bʋnkⴢnbid banɛ aan ti zuanam sieba banɛ bɛ yaan la, wʋʋ baas nɛ, nyaŋi maan. Vɛɛnsig pa’al ya ye, ti ya’a nyaŋi baŋ ninsaal nɛ bʋʋg sⴢsigi an si’em, li na sʋŋ ka bʋnkⴢnbid na mⴢri malisim ba vʋmin.http://www.livescience.com/55411-goats-communicate-with-humans-like-dogs.htmlhttps://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2016.0283 Anthrozoology zamisʋg kanɛ vɛɛnsid ninsaal nɛ bʋnkⴢnbid sⴢsig zin’igin, ka vɛɛnsi baŋ ye yin bʋnkⴢnbid tun’oe sⴢsid nɛ ninsaal, ka li anɛ 2015 yʋʋm la ni ka Japanese scientist, onɛ vɛɛnsid Wina’am nu’ug tʋʋma bʋnam, nyaŋi baŋ ye oxytocin zɛm si’em nidibin la paas nɛ, baas ya’a die “love hormone” la, ka li pa’al ye sʋnzuotir  bɛ ninsaal nɛ bʋnkⴢnbig sʋʋgin. Nɛ4a nⴢⴢ daa nie pa’al nɛ London vɛɛnsig kanɛ dɛŋin, bʋʋs mⴢri baŋir bɛdigʋ, ba tun’oe sⴢsid k aka gba’ad zuod nɛ bam.https://theconversation.com/goats-sheep-and-cows-could-challenge-dogs-for-title-of-mans-best-friend-62206              

 Bʋʋs  bεllim yεla 
Bʋʋg-herding in Spain.

Bʋʋs bε Ağrı Zuor, Turkey.

Modern English la yεl bʋʋg yʋ’ʋr yinε  Old English gāt "she dinε zi’e tis bʋnya’aŋ, bʋʋg wʋsa", dinε Fɛndigi  yi Proto-Germanic *gaitaz (cf. Dutch/Frisian/Icelandic/Norwegian geit, German Geiß, nε Gothic gaits), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰaidos din gbin an "bʋbil," (cf. Latin haedus   "bʋbil,").https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#cite_ref-5 dinε zi’e tis bʋraʋg, Old English used bucca (cf. Dutch/Frisian bok and giving modern buck) until ousted by hegote, hegoote in the late 12th century.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#cite_ref-6 Nanny bʋʋg (bʋnya’aŋ) yi 18th century la, and billy bʋʋg ( zi’e tis bʋdaug) yi  19th century la.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#cite_ref-7https://www.oed.com/dictionary/billy-goat_n

Bʋraug kanε fuob buonε wethers. Ka hircine nε caprine babayi la zi’e tis dinε wʋsa nwεnε bʋʋg, hircine zi’e wεlis  yibʋʋs banε nyuusi.https://www.etymonline.com/word/hircinehttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/caprine

 Labakuda 
Yibʋʋs la’ad naam

Iil yinε Neolithic teŋpεŋ bε Atlit Yam

Kɔnbrapɛɛn (Capra hircus)

Bʋʋs paasi  yiiga bʋnkͻbid naam  ka ninsaalim yuomi  ba mɔri kul yin.http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/goats/ Pin'ilʋg vɛɛskanɛ ka ba maal nannana ye ba baŋ bʋʋsi da sin'iŋ si'emhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#cite_ref-Naderi_et_al._17659%E2%80%9317664_12-0 la pa'al ye Bezoar ibex onɛ da bɛ Zagros Zuoya zug la tun'e an onɛ pin'il bʋʋs banɛ bɛ yin nananna la. Siak ye, archaeological  kasatta  pa’an ye wild bezoar ibex of the Zagro zuoya sin anε zin’ikanε ka ti yaanama yuom yibʋʋs wʋsa bε zina.

Kʋdʋmin kpaadib la da pin'ili ied bʋʋs nɛ ba bin'isim nɛ ni'im la yɛla la'anɛ ba bina la ye ba nɔki dɔn'ɔsi ba la'ad ka mɔri yun'od bugum maan diib; ba kɔnba, kɔnbid la mɛ da mɔrnɛ maan fuud, mɛɛd ka lɛn an tʋʋma laʋk. Bʋbanɛ ka ba da dɛŋim yuomi ba kul yin nwɛnɛ yʋma tusa piiga (10 000) banɛ gaad la da bɛnɛ Ganj Dareh dinɛ bɛ Iran la.Trinity College Dublin (June 7, 2021). "10,000-year-old DNA pens the first tales of the earliest domesticated goats". Phys.org. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022. Retrieved June 8, 2021. Kʋmʋmin sa ba bʋʋs mɛ da bɛ tembama; Jericho Choga mamiMaisels, C.K. Near East: Archaeology in the 'Cradle of Civilization' Archived September 24, 2023, at the Wayback Machine The Near East: Archaeology in the Cradle of Civilization Routledge, 1999; p.124 Djeitun nɛ Cayonu ka di lɛbisid saŋkanɛ ka ba yuom bʋʋsi lɛb yinna Westhern Asia  din yi nwɛnɛ yʋma tusa anii (8 000) nɛ tusa awai (9 000) banɛ gaad la ni.  Labakʋda pa'al ye ba mɔr bʋʋg gbaʋŋʋ niŋid ku'om nɛ daam kuosid bɛɛ nwied. Ba mɛ mɔri di maan pɔtmaan nam.Schröder, Oskar; Wagner, Mayke; Wutke, Saskia; Zhang, Yong; Ma, Yingxia; Xu, Dongliang; Goslar, Tomasz; Neef, Reinder; Tarasov, Pavel E; Ludwig, Arne (October 2016). "Ancient DNA identification of domestic animals used for leather objects in Central Asia during the Bronze Age". The Holocene. 26 (10): 1722–1729. Bibcode:2016Holoc..26.1722S. doi:10.1177/0959683616641741. ISSN 0959-6836.

Bʋʋg anԑ yin bʋnkↄnbʋg, li anԑ bʋnkↄnb kanԑ mԑn da dԑŋim paas yin bʋnkↄnbid la ni yiiga mԑn. Labakʋda pa’al ye ba da gban’e bʋʋgnԑ yi mↄↄgin bʋnkↄnbid ni n mↄri li kul la ka li lieb yin bʋnkↄnbʋg.

Bʋʋg bↄↄdim zu’oe ya hali. Li bↄↄdim sieba anԑ; ni’im, gbana, bin’isim, ka ba’ar maalʋg pʋʋginԑ li bↄↄdim bԑ hali pamm.

Bʋʋg bↄↄdim zu’oe ya hali. Li bɔↄdim sieba anԑ; ni’im, gbana, bin’isim, ka ba’ar maalʋg pʋʋginԑ li bↄↄdim bԑ hali pamm.

 Diib 
Bʋʋs anɛ bʋnkɔnb-banɛ dit si’el wʋsa, la’anɛ  nɛ kʋŋkⴢna, cardboard. Bʋʋsi dit la’anɛ la’abanɛ ka’ diib la’ad la zug, ba anɛ bʋnkɔnb-banɛ pʋ gaansida ka ka’ nwɛnɛ niigi nɛ pɛ’ɛs ⴢnbid, grazers si’em la, ba mɛ lɛn ɔnbidnɛ ka nyuunsid, browsing dinɛ bɛ teŋin la wʋsa keni nyuunsid yaama la ye ba gɔs zin’ikanɛ an sʋm ka ba keŋi anina di yaama, bɔgʋs nam, fuud nɛ gbana.https://web.archive.org/web/20091222062352/http://www.tsgra.com/PDF-files/secogoats.pdf

Ti ya’a yis dinɛ ka bʋʋs ɔnbid la, ba anɛ kɔnbid banɛ gu’usidi ba mɛŋ nɛ bʋnkanɛ ka ba di. Ba siak ban na dʋ  tiis nɛ tituud zug nɛ tibanɛ vaandi ma’ae si’aa sansieba ied diib. Nɛ wala wʋsa, nidib bɛdegʋ mi’ ye bʋʋs ditnɛ diib kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb, hali la’anɛ yaama banɛ mɔr zɛɛnsim."War on Weeds", Rails to Trails Magazine, Spring 2004, p. 3 Ba mɛ dit dimilisa nɛ ku’okanɛ an dian’ad ba kɔm ya’a zabid hali. Yɛlbama zug ka banɛ gʋ’ʋn bʋʋs ɛɛnti yɔ’ɔgi ba bas ka ba gɔɔnd yɔɔg-yɔɔg la, dinɛ ta’as anɛ ye ba ya’a ye ba yɔɔ ba ka guri ba, ba na gɛn’ ka di lɛn an sam nwɛ’ɛb zaalim.

Bʋʋs siak ban na yuunsi gilig tiis zug, tituud zug nɛ mɔɔd zugʋ gaad pɛ’ɛs. ba gaasid tiis vaand nam la gat mɔɔd.

Kawɛndaad mɛ mɔɔd banɛ ka ba pin’ ka ba mi’ig la, ba tun’e nɔki tis bʋʋs ka ba ɔnb ka naan yi keŋ ie ba mɛŋ diib mɔɔgʋn bɛɛ ba ya’a ti lɛ zaam nɔɔr na ye ba kpɛn’. Mɛligim tun’e kɛ ka bʋʋs paam ban’ bɛɛ kpi.https://books.google.com/books?id=s-Z311q6CIcC&q=%22Feeding+and+nutrition%22

Bʋʋs bina anɛ dinɛ an kʋ’ʋlʋm tis zʋʋd nwɛnɛ ki, kawɛna, mui, gabʋ nɛ zʋʋd sieba bɛdegʋ.Wild China A BBC2 programme transmitted on October 31, 2016

 Ban’as/ wiim nɛ ba vʋm an si’em   
La’anɛ nidibi gɔs bʋʋs ka ba an bʋnkɔnbanɛ tʋbiri zian’as ka ba pʋ gɔsidi ba laafi yɛla nɛ nimmua la, bʋʋs mɔr ban’as bɛdegʋ banɛ ta’asid ka sieba kpiid. Ban’as banɛ gban’ad bʋʋs sieba anɛ sʋsunf ban’a, gaana na gban’e ba pʋʋg, ba nɔba na pun’od, vɛmisʋg nɛ yaamtɔɔd banɛ ka ba ɔnbid la tisid ban’a sieba. Bʋʋs mɛ na nyaŋi nɔki ba ban’as la sieba taas ninsaalib. Ban’aban sieba anɛ kɔnsʋŋ kʋdʋg, nintʋʋlim ban’a, nɛ ban’a sieba.Smith, M.C. Goat Medicine, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1994 pg 7

Bʋʋs na ye ba bɛ paae yʋma piinɛ anu (15) nɛ piinɛ anii (18).William S. Spector, ed. (1956). Handbook of Biological Data. Saunders Amaa, labaar yina ye ba nyɛ bʋʋg ka o paae yʋʋm pisi nɛ naasi (24).http://fiascofarm.com/goats/age.htm Yɛlsieba mɛ tun’e kɛ ka bʋʋs pʋ nyaŋi vui paae yʋma bama; yɛlbanɛ naam o dʋ’am nɛ biilim saŋa tun’e bʋʋg ka o pʋ paae yʋma piinɛ anu bɛɛ piinɛ anii, diib kɔm mɛ tun’e sie bʋʋg yʋma lɛbisi anii bɛɛ piiga.http://fiascofarm.com/goats/age.htm 

 Pʋ’ʋsʋm suoya 
Wina’am gbaʋŋ la pian’ bʋʋs yɛla nɔɔrim babiga. Ba tʋmiri an si’em tis kʋdʋmin Israel dim la anɛ dinɛ pa’al Hebrew buudi ayɔpɔi la nɛ Greek buudi atan pian’abanɛ ka ba pian’ Wina’am gbaʋŋʋn la. Jew dim wada gɔs ka bʋʋg anɛ bʋnkɔnbkanɛ an ‘nyain’ ka ba da ɛɛnti kʋ bʋʋgʋ maal ninkanɛ ka ba tis o na’asi saaʋŋ. Ba mɛ da mɔri ba maan maansieba mɛn. bʋʋg gbaʋŋ kɔnbʋlʋg ka ba da nɔki lus Wina’am pʋ’ʋsʋm yir (Yiib 25:4). Di iila ka ba da gaansidi maan wiis ka basid pɛ’ɛs iila.https://hearingshofar.com/book.htm Yom Kippʋr malʋŋ la daar, ba ɛɛti nɔknɛ bʋʋsi ayi maal bʋgʋlʋm-bʋgʋlʋm, ka gaŋ yinne maal maan ka bas yinne la suor ka o zɔ kpɛn’ mɔɔg, ka di pa’al ye o zi sʋ’ʋlʋm la dim tʋʋmbɛ’ɛd la wʋsa gaad. Malʋŋ kaŋa ni ka pian’ʋk kaŋa yina kpɛn’ Na’asaalin ‘scapegoat’ bʋkanɛ zɔɔ pɔns. Ba tun’e mak Tuon gat bɛɛ Na’ab nɛ bʋdibig kanɛ gaad tuon ka o taaba dɔl.

Mateo 25:31-46, Yesu yɛl ye, nwɛnɛ kɔnbkimi maan si’em la, o na bak tɛmis la wʋsa lɛbis pɛ’ɛs la o datiʋŋ, banɛ pa’al tadimnam nɛ Kristo nya’andɔlib banɛ da namisid la nɛ sieba nɔŋilim. Bama na di’e piini, amaa, bʋʋs banɛ bɛ o dagɔbʋg ka zan’as ye ba kʋ pa’al sɔ’ nɔŋilim la, na paam tʋbir tɛɛgir.

La’anɛ pɛ’ɛs nɛ bʋʋsi mɔr nyɔɔd ban an bʋnkɔnbid la zug, ba gaŋ pɛ’ɛs ka di yinɛ nyɔɔd kanɛ yiti ba kɔnbʋlʋg nɛ ba ni’imi zu’oe la zug, amaa bʋʋg ni’im anɛ fiin.https://archive.org/details/eerdmansdictiona0000unse_i2l4/page/510   

 Dʋ’am yɛla 
Bʋʋs paadi ba bɛn nɛ din yi nwadisa atan ti paae nwadis piinɛ nu, ka di yinɛ ban an buudsieba nɛ dibanɛ ka bad it. Banɛ gʋ’ʋn bʋʋs la sieba ɛɛnti gban’enɛ ka pʋ bas bʋʋs la suor ka ba dʋt taaba ti paae sankanɛ ka bʋnya’aŋ la paae o bɛn nwɛnɛ pisyɔpɔi kɔbiga pʋʋgʋn (70%), amaa nɛ’ ka’ na’ana nɛ zin’ibanɛ ka ba pʋ lɔɔd bʋʋs la ka ba gɔɔndi ba mɛŋa.https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/prince-of-the-alps/introduction/523/

Zin’ibanɛ ka nintaŋ bɛɛ tʋʋlʋg bɛ nɛ fʋ ya’a gɔs Swiss buudi la ni, ba du’am saŋa anɛ sankanɛ ka nintaŋ sie gaad yʋ’ʋŋ la, ka naae sankanɛ ka ba bʋt zʋʋdnam la. Zin’isieba nii, bʋʋs tun’e dʋ’a yʋʋm pʋʋgʋn saŋsi’a wʋsa. Ba dʋ’am pamm yinɛ dikanɛ ka ba dit gat nintaŋi an si’em. Bʋbanɛ bɛ zin’ibama la dʋtnɛ dabpisi nɛ yinne daar wʋsa, din yi awanam ayi ti paae awanam pisnaasi nɛ anii (48hr). Bʋnya’aŋ ya’a ti’ebi gur ye ba dʋ o ɛɛnti kennɛ ka mɛni o zʋʋr, ka li’en nɛ bʋdibis/ bʋraad ba ya’a bɛ yamma, ka ian’adi maan tʋkpiidʋg ka saŋsieba ba pʋ bɔɔd yaama ɔnbida ka bin’isim mɛ gu’oe sankanɛ ka ba bɔɔd dʋʋb la.

Nyuug kanɛ bɛ bʋdibis iila ni la maligim paasid bʋdbig lanɛ nyuug ka di sʋŋ ka bʋnya’aŋ la zɔti kennɛ ba san’an. Bʋnya’aŋ sieba pʋ siakid ka bʋdibis banɛ pʋ mɔr nyuugɔ dʋti ba.https://books.google.com/books?id=RJS9NEpYnd8C

Banɛ gʋ’ʋn bʋʋs bɛdegʋ yʋ’ʋn tiaknɛ dɔl na’asaara suokanɛ ka o maal ka ba ɛɛnti yis bʋraug la yu’okuom kpɛn’ɛs bʋnya’aŋ la ka o lɔs (gban’e pʋʋg) ka di ka’ ye ba naan dʋ o ka o nɔk pʋʋgɔ. suokaŋa sʋŋid ka ba paamid buudpaala paasid buudkʋda banɛ ka ba mɔr la ni.

Bʋʋg ya’a nɔk pʋʋg di ɛɛnti anɛ dabisa kɔbiga nɛ pisnu. Ba sieba dʋ’ad yinne-yinne, ka sieba dʋ’adi ayi’yi, ka sieba mɛ dʋ’adi atan’-tan’. Banɛ pʋ nyɛt na’ana’ anɛ banɛ dʋ’adi anaas-naas, anu-nu bɛɛ ayuob-yuob. Bʋnya’aŋ ya’a sa’, o zʋʋr baba ɛɛnti mu’oenɛ, ka o vʋ’ʋsid tɔ’ɔtɔ. o nindaa tun’e tiak, pʋ zi’enid babir yinne, ka ied onɛ sʋ’oe o la. Bʋnya’aŋ la ɛɛnti ɔnb dʋ’asiŋ lanɛ, ka di maligim tis o niŋgbina kʋ’ʋlʋm, gu’oe ziim la kpa’ad la ka kad mɔɔgʋn bɔnkɔnbid nwɛnɛ walig, ka di sie nyuug la ka ba dataas da kena daami ba mɔɔgʋn la.https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/prince-of-the-alps/introduction/523/https://books.google.com/books?id=ni6Hbqm04vIC&q=deer+eating+placenta&pg=PA244

 Ba gʋ’ʋlʋg 
Bʋʋs gʋ’ʋlʋg bɛdegʋ bɛnɛ Norte Chico dinɛ bɛ Chile sʋ’ʋlʋm la. Zin’ikanɛ ka ba gur bʋʋs tituaa anɛ saŋkanɛ ka zin’ig la kʋdʋg ka yaama kae.

Bʋraad mɛ mɔr bin'isim mɛn.http://www.issgpu.org/newsletter-2.htm#3

 Nyɔɔd 
Bʋʋg mɔr tʋmir bɛdegʋ tis ninsaalib di ya’a vui bɛɛ di kpinɛ, yiiga, di anɛ zin’ikanɛ ka bin’isim yitna, bugʋlʋm, nɛ nwiis ka lɛn an ni’im nɛ gbaŋ.http://www.lohmann-information.com/content/l_i_45_artikel17.pdf Ninsieba da’ad bʋʋsi tisid tadimnam banɛ bɛ nɔŋ tɛɛnsin, bɔzugɔ bʋʋs gʋ’ʋlʋg anɛ na’ana’ ka pʋ tɔiya, ka di sam mɛ pʋ zu’oe gaad niigi, ka bʋʋs mɛ lɛm mɔr tʋʋma kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb. Ya’asaa, ba mɔrnɛ bʋʋsi tʋm dɔribʋg nɛ pakir tʋʋma.

Bʋʋs nyɔɔd anɛ bʋnkanɛ ka ba mɔri maan nyɔɔgʋ ti'ebid ninsaalib nyɔɔd di ya’a paam daʋŋ ka lɛn an nwiisi maan bʋnnwɛ’ɛda nam. Ba mɛ mɔr bʋʋg iila dinɛ pa’an bɛllim sʋŋ nɛ kpan’am la maan diisiŋ.https://naturalhistory.si.edu/lookingbothways/data/objects/36.html 
La’abanɛ  bɛ milik nam gʋn-gʋn ni (mean values per 100 g)Park, W.Y., G.F.W. Haenlein.ed. 2006. Handbook of Milk of Non-Bovine Mammals. Blackwell Publishing LaʋkBʋʋgNaaf  Ninsaal  kpaam  (g)3.83.64.0Puroten  (g)3.53.31.2Lactose  (g)4.14.66.9Ash  (g)0.80.70.2Total  solids (g)12.212.312.3Calories706968
Milk  composition analysis, per 100 gramshttps://web.archive.org/web/20070929071651/http://www.northwalesbuffalo.co.uk/milk_analysis.htmConstituentsMakir  Na’anya’aŋBʋnya’aŋPɛ’ɛnya’aŋKu’omin

WɛnaafKu’omg87.888.983.081.1Puroteng3.23.15.44.5Kpaamg3.93.56.08.0Carbohydratesg4.84.45.14.9Energykcal666095110EnergykJ275253396463Sugars  (lactose)g4.84.45.14.9Cholesterolmg1410118CalciumIU120100170195Saturated  fatty acidsg2.42.33.84.2Monounsaturated  fatty acidsg1.10.81.51.7Polyunsaturated  fatty acidsg0.10.10.30.2

 Zi'esim 
Bʋʋg buudi wʋsa mɔri o zi’esim nɛ o tɛbisim, dinɛ yi 140 kg tis bʋndatitada nwɛnɛ Boer buudi, 20kg paae 27kg tis bʋbaanlʋg.Taylor, R.E. and Field, T.G., "Growth and Development" Scientific Farm Animal Production: An Introduction to Animal Science, 6th Ed. Prentice-Hall (1999) Upper Saddle River pg 321–324. Buudi wʋsa sʋʋgʋn, ziim buudi tun’e kɛ ka sieba tɛbisim bɛɛ bɛdim lɛn gat taaba. Banɛ pɔɔd hali anɛ Africa pygmy, banɛ bʋndaad zi’esim an 41 cm keŋ paae 58c cm. 

Bʋʋg wʋsa mɔnrɛ iila ayi’, ka ba zi’esim nɛ ba bɛdim dɔl ban yi buudsi’a ni.http://www.americangoatsociety.com/education/polled_genetics.php Bʋsieba bɛɛ mɔr iila anii, la’anɛ bama pʋ an na’ana’ la, di dɔlisidnɛ ba dʋ’adib nii lɔ’ɔŋid ba biisin. Bʋʋs pʋ nwɛnɛ niigi an si’em ka ba tun’e kɛ ka ba dʋ’a dinɛ ka bʋndaan bɔɔd la. Bʋmbanɛ pa’an bʋʋg iila na an si’em nɛ di na an bʋdibig bɛɛ bʋsa’a la mɔr kpinnim nɛ taaba. Bʋʋs anɛ bʋnkɔnbid banɛ bugusʋd yaama. Bʋnya’as mɔr bin’isa ka di mɔr bin’isnɔya ayi, di ka’ yinne nɛ niigi din la aan anaasi la.

 Buudi 
Bʋʋs buudi pʋnɛ kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb. Ba buudi la ɛɛnti yinɛ ba tʋmiri an si’em. Ba anɛ milik, nwiis, ni’im, gbaʋŋ, nɛ banɛ ka nidib mɔr ka baa an ba zuanam.

 Dunia wʋsa kanl 
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) pa’al ye, tenkanɛ da paam miliki gaad tɛmis wʋsa anɛ India. Ba da paamnɛ metric tons miliyɔnna anaasi (4,000,000 mt), Bangladesh da paam 2.16 miliyɔŋ metric tons ka Sudan mɛ da paam metric ton nam 1.47 miliyɔŋ.https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/ India dim kʋʋdi bʋʋs mwɛnɛ miliyɔnnam kɔbiga nɛ pisi nɛ anaasi nɛ tusa kɔbisnaasi, pisnaasi nɛ yinne kɔbiga pʋʋgʋn (41%) yʋʋm wʋsa ni.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348252 Makir pʋʋgʋn, yʋʋm yinne pʋʋgʋn, bʋʋs nwɛnɛ miliyɔnnam kɔbisnaasi nɛ pisnaasi ka ba ɛɛnti kʋ dunia wusa ni.http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QL

 Kɔnbid dɔɔg 
Kɔnbid dɔɔg, bɛɛ bʋnkɔnbid gɔsʋg nɛ ban mɔri ba tʋm si’el, bɛ kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb tɛmis nɛ buudi malʋŋ pʋʋgin. Dɔɔg kanɛ wʋsa ka ba maali tis bʋʋs ka’anɛ ban ye ba nɔki ba tʋm si’el la yɛlaa, amaa ba gɔtnɛ zi’ikanɛ ka ba ye ba gʋ’ʋli ba la yɛla pak. Ti ya’a gɔs labakʋda ni, yin bʋʋs da anɛ banɛ ka ba kimi ba zɔya zut bɛɛ zi’ibanɛ wʋsa ka yaama bɛ, kɔmkim la tita’am da ɛɛnti anɛ biis bɛɛ dasam n dɔl kɔnbid la, wʋʋ kɔmkiŋ wʋsa pʋn an si’em la. Pian’azug kanɛ yɛla ka ti pian’ad nwa nan kpɛn tʋm zʋmaaŋ kaŋa ni.  

Dunia ni zi’isieba, ka li kas-kas anɛ Europe nɛ North America, bʋʋs gʋ’ʋlʋg kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb bɛ anina ka ba gʋ’ʋn n iaan bin’isim nɛ ni’im. Bʋraad la tita’am gʋ’ʋnnɛ ni’im yɛla. Ba mɛ tun’e gʋ’ʋli ba wʋsa ka li anɛ ni’im yɛla, ala mɛnɛ tis nɛ bʋnkɔnb kʋda banɛ ka ba gʋ’ʋn. Bʋnkɔnbkʋda ni’im (wʋʋ banɛ gaad yʋʋm) ka’a sʋ’ʋm nɛ ninsaal n na dii lii.

Bʋʋs gʋ’ʋlʋg anɛ linɛ an sʋm nɛ nimua hali n tis kpaarib banɛ gʋ’ʋn bibi’ela n bɛ tɛmis bɛdigʋ ni,  wʋʋ pu’a kanɛ yi Burkina Faso la.

Bʋʋs banɛ tisid bin’isim tɔn’ɔnɛ dit sʋŋa sɛʋg saŋa ka maal sʋŋa ɔɔn saŋa. Kɔnbid banɛ tisid bin’isim daar woo la, ba taa yɔɔdi banɛ bin’isim dɔɔgin la. Ba diib tita’am anɛ yaamma’asa nɛ duusa nam. Bʋʋs bama nam taaba, ba yɔɔdi banɛ zi’ig yinnɛ wʋʋ widi la, bɛɛ yɔ ba kɔnbid dɔɔgin zi’el. Li ya’a anɛ US tɛŋin, ba gʋ’ʋnɛ banɛ yʋʋm pʋʋgin wʋsa. Ya’a anɛ European banɛ gʋ’ʋn bin’isim yɛla ye ba kuos la, ba maanɛ linɛ nɔɔra yi yʋʋm pʋʋgin, ka bin’isim la biiep tɔlis hali yʋma bɛdigʋ ba du’am nya’aŋ.

Bʋʋs banɛ ka ba gʋ’ʋneɛ ni’im yɛla, saŋa pamm ni ba tun’e gʋ’ʋli ba wʋʋ yʋʋm pʋʋgin ka kɛ ka ba la’al nɛ ba taaba gbɛɛnd zi’isi’a la.  Bʋʋg linɛ buon ye Angora nɛ nɛ kɔnb sieba ba ɛɛnti yɔɔ ba nɛ kɔnb sieba mɛ ka diisidi ba anina. Kɔnb banɛ ka ba yɔɔ ba ka gɔti ba la ba ɛɛnti tisidi ba nɛ diib wʋʋ yaama nam, ka li kas-kas anɛ ɔɔn nɛ tɛŋ-kpi’emis saŋa.

Li ya’a anɛ Indian tɛŋgbaʋŋ sieba ni nɛ Asia dim bɛdigʋ, bʋʋs gʋ’ʋlʋg on anɛ bin’isim yɛla gʋlʋmm, ka li anɛ diib nɛ kuosʋg yɛla. Bʋʋs banɛ ka ti gʋ’ʋn ti yɛ nannanna la ti gʋri banɛ ti yaan ka mɛ ɛɛnti basi ba ka ba mɛŋ ken ia diib bɛɛ yaama. Bʋʋs sabilla gʋ’ʋlʋg on anɛ suoya naming ka ba lɔɔdi ba ka dit nɛ nɛ mɔɔdin  niŋtaŋ win amaa ka yʋ’ʋŋ ka ba kadii ba yɔ n gʋ’ʋ ba yi bunyɔs ni.

Li ya’a anɛ sʋ’ʋlʋm, ba la’asnɛ bʋʋs nɛ pɛ’ɛs n gʋ’ʋn zi’ig yinnɛ. Nɛ’ ɛɛnti sʋŋi ba hali kati wa’ae paalʋ nyɛɛb yɛla, hali la’am nɛ pɛ’ɛs nɛ bʋʋs n pʋ dit diib yinne la. Bʋʋs kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb gʋ’ʋlʋg bɛnɛ Ethiopia tɛŋin, ani ka bʋʋs Bʋʋs kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb zi’is anaasi bɛ:

 Ni’im 
Gbaʋŋ la mɛŋ: bʋʋg ni’im

Gⴢsim ya’as: bʋʋg diib kⴢn’ⴢb kⴢn’ⴢb gbaʋŋ        

Bʋʋg ni’im nɛ pɛraʋg ni’im nwɛnnɛ taaba.https://books.google.com/books?id=dUgEAAAAMBAJ&q=goat+tastes+like+lamb&pg=PA57 Tɛmis banɛ ka ba pian’ad na’asaal bɛ Caribbean la, nɛ Asia lʋgʋsieba nwɛnɛ Bangladesh, Pakistan, nɛ India ba la’as bʋʋg ni’im nɛ pɛog ni’imi buoni banɛ yʋ’ʋr yinne, mutton. Amaa sieba nɔkid bʋʋg ni’imi makid nɛ walig ni’im, dɔlisid bʋʋg la yʋʋma an si’em nɛ o zi’esim. Di nyuug la anɛ ka ba ye di mɔr kpinnim nɛ ban mɔr 4-methyloctanoic nɛ 4-methylnonanoic acid la.https://www.thaiscience.info/Article%20for%20ThaiScience/Article/1/10015445.pdf Ba tun’e maali di dɔlisid suoya kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb, ba sieba anɛ kiimʋg, dʋgʋb, sɛn’ɛb, ɔɔnlʋg, nɛɛmʋg, ban na nɔki di su’ kʋŋkɔŋin bɛɛ ba mɛ tun’e nɔki di maal sisɛŋi. Din pʋ mɔr kpaam bɛdegʋ la zug, fʋ ya’a dʋg bʋʋg ni’im di na nyaŋi gbirib. Bʋkanɛ ka ba gʋ’ʋn zin’ig wʋsa anɛ South African Boer, ka ba da mɔri ba keŋ United States yʋʋm tusir kɔbiswai nɛ piswai la pin’ilʋgʋn,1990s. New Zealand kiko mɛ anɛ bʋʋs banɛ buudi ka ba gʋ’ʋn ni’im yɛla, wʋʋ myotonic bɛɛ “fainting goat” onɛ bɛllim pin’il nɛTennessee.           

 Teŋ maalʋg 
Ninsaalib mɔr bʋʋsi ka ba ɔnbid yaama nɛ mɔɔd banɛ ka ba pʋ bɔɔda yʋma babigi nwa. Ba pʋdi ba ye ‘masin banɛ dit’.http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Rent-a-goats-gain-foothold-1240623.phphttp://www.cals.ncsu.edu/an_sci/extension/animal/meatgoat/MGLand.htm Bʋnkaŋa nɔbʋg hali bɛ North America yʋʋm tusir kɔbiswai nɛ piswai (1990) la saŋa sa. Sankanɛ ka ba da mɔr nidib ka ba kuod mɔɔd la, ba da tɛn’ɛs ye bugum na tun’e san’am la’ad pɔɔdin la.http://modernfarmer.com/2013/09/get-goat-weed-garden/ Nɛ' ligidi tun'e zu'oe ka ba nyuug la mɛ tun'e mɔr daʋŋ."Oregon scraps goat landscaping scheme due to cost and smell". BBC News. February 27, 2016. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2019. Tʋʋmkaŋa yʋ’ʋn anɛ na’ana’ ka ba mɔr bʋʋsi kpɛn’ɛsid zin’ibanɛ ka nidib kʋ nyaŋi kpɛn’ɛ, la’anɛ gɔn’ʋsin ka ba ɔnbid, maan zin’ig la nyain.http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Rent-a-goats-gain-foothold-1240623.phphttps://web.archive.org/web/20141213191059/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/465/465-341/465-341.htmlJolly, Joanna (January 13, 2015). "The goats fighting America's plant invasion". BBC News. Washington. Archived from the original on September 10, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2018. Tɛnsieba nii, ba Chattanooga, TN nɛ Spartanburg, SC nɔk bʋʋs ka ba ɔnb mɔkanɛ ka ba buon ye kudzu la naae United States ka ba pʋ lɛm yina ya’asa.https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/us/05goats.html

 Tima ti’ebʋg yɛla 
Nwɛnɛ bʋʋg maalʋgʋ ka’ di kɔn’ sa nɛ ninsaal la, tensieba sooginam mɔrnɛ bʋʋsi zamisid ka ba zabidi tisi di ba. Fʋ ya’a paae United Nations, bʋʋs ka ba nɔk ka ba yʋ’ʋn tʋm tʋʋmkaŋa Pentagoni lɛn kae ya’asɛ ka ba da mɔr baasi zamisid tima tʋʋma yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii saŋa la.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21620521https://web.archive.org/web/20130228111659/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-02-24/world/37276084_1_animal-activists-human-simulators-civilian-trauma

 Zu’a nam 
Ninsieba mɛ gaans bʋʋs ka baa an ba zu’anam ka di yinɛ ban nyaŋidi naan nɛ ninsaalib ka ba guri ba la.https://www.sciencealert.com/goats-are-just-as-smart-and-loving-as-dogs-say-scientistshttps://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2016.0283 Bʋʋs anɛ bʋnkɔnb-banɛ la’asid ka saŋa pamm ba ɛɛnti bɔɔd ye ba la’asi ba bʋtaaba, ama aba kɔnbkim la tɛn’ɛsid si’em la zug, ba na dɔlli ba daan la ka miilimi ba, din ka ba baŋir maligim paasid.http://www.livescience.com/55411-goats-communicate-with-humans-like-dogs.html

Bʋʋs nwɛnɛ walisnɛ ba diib ni, ka bɔɔd diib buudi kɔn’ɔb-kɔn’ɔb nwɛnɛ mɔma’asa, udug, ki bielim, zʋbanɛ ka ba la’as, nɛ sieba ye ba di.https://www.thespruce.com/feed-and-tend-goats-3016793 Bʋʋs diib gaansʋg bɛnɛ giinla ni bɛɛ ba ɛɛnti zamisi banɛ du’am nya’aŋ.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092144880300141X

 Kʋdʋmin sa labaya nɛ nidib pʋtɛnda 
Banɛ lɛɛgid ka vɛɛnsid kʋdʋmin sa yɛla da maal vɛɛnsʋg Ebla dinɛ bɛ Syria tempʋʋgʋn la da baŋ ye, ba da ɛɛnti nɔknɛ kunti maal bʋʋg zugʋ paasi mum Na’atita’asieba bɛɛ nintitada sieba. Din ka ba da pʋd yaban ye ‘yabanɛ ka bʋʋs Zugsɔb nam bɛ’."The Eighteenth Century BC Princes of Byblos and Ebla and the Chronology of the Middle Bronze Age", p. 161 (161 Archived October 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine)Matthiae, Paolo (2020). Ebla: Archaeology and History. Translated by Bates, R.; Bilardello, M.; Weston, A. (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-13885065-1. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2021.

Norse kʋdʋmin sa labaya pa’al ye, teŋgban kanɛ gɔsid sa-tansʋg yɛla, Thor, mɔrnɛ tɛriko kanɛ ka Tanngrisnir nɛ Tanngnjóstr bʋʋs tɛɛdi di.https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc00coop_0/page/74 O ya’a duoe yʋ’ʋŋ maali o zin’ig la, Thor ɔnbitnɛ bʋʋg ni’im, amaa o gu’usidi o mɛŋnɛ ka pʋ nwa’ad kɔnba la. Ka lɔ’ dinɛ kpɛlim la digil ka bɛʋg ya’a nie ka bʋʋs la lɛn vʋ’ʋg ya’asi tɛɛd tɛriko la. Ka kpaad dakɔnkanɛ ka ba kaanb o ye o kena di ya’a nwa’ae kɔnbir yinne ye o fɔɔns biim la, bɛʋg ya’a nie bʋkan nɔbir na kɔ’ɔg, ka ba muk biribiŋ la ka o tʋm tis Thor yɔ on tʋm si’el la sam.

Yule Goat anɛ kʋdʋmin sa  Scandinavian ka Northern European Yule nɛ Budinya an zanbina nɛ buudi malima. Yule Goat anɛ bʋkanɛ ka ba da kʋ Yule saŋa, amaa di mɛ tun’e pa’an ban na nɔk kikan’ maal zanbin ka di nwɛnɛ bʋʋgnɛ. Ba mɛ mɔri di ka di an malʋŋ kanɛ aan ba giligid yir-yir ka yʋʋmid yʋʋma ka nidib tisidi ba daam nɛ diib, saŋa pamm, di tun’e an tiwala, ma’asa, nɛ dimalisa. “Going Yule Goat” anɛ yinne nɛ Britain dim malʋŋ kanɛ an wassailing la, ba wʋsa pʋ dɔl Abraham nya’ar la nii. Gävle Goat anɛ Yule Goat bʋntita’ar, ka ba duodi di agɔla yʋʋm wʋsa Gavle dinɛ bɛ Swedish la tempʋʋgʋn.

Nidib da yɛl ye, Greek dim ba’ar, Pan gɔl la da mɔrnɛ daʋ niŋgbiŋ nɛ illa ka mɔr bʋʋg niŋgbiŋ teŋir la. Pan da anɛ ba’akanɛ mɔr kʋkɔma’asim, kʋdʋmin sa labaya kanɛ pian’a o yɛla la pa’al ye o da kadnɛ pʋ’ab, o mɛ paam zun’or nɛ on da maal pan wiig la.

Bʋʋg anɛ bʋnkɔnbʋd banɛ paas Yʋʋm piinɛ yi’ kaligir kanɛ paas Chinese zodiac dinɛ mɔr kpinnim nɛ China dim nwadis ni. Bʋnkɔnbʋg yinne wʋsa mɔrnɛ kpinnim nɛ ninsaal sɔ’ bɛllim; ba yɛl ye banɛ ka ba du’a ba bʋʋg yʋʋm la zɔtnɛ nyan, pʋ bɔɔd pian’adɛ, mɔr baŋir, ka pʋ mɔr gba’arɛ.

Kʋdʋmin sa labaya bɛdegʋ pa’al ye bʋʋg paas si’elnam bɛdegʋ ni, la’anɛ Chimera.

Capricorn zanbin kanɛ bɛ Westhern zodiac la pa’annɛ bʋʋgʋ na mɔr ziŋ zʋʋr. Fauns nɛ satyrs anɛ kʋdʋmin sa labaya la’ad banɛ ka pʋsʋg an nid ka pʋsʋg mɛ an bʋʋg. Bromin yʋ’ʋr la yinɛ “Bromos” dinɛ gbinnɛ an ye “nyuug kanɛ yi bʋdibig ni”.

Kristo biis pʋ’ʋsʋm suor malima dinɛ bɛ Europe nɔknɛ bʋʋgʋ maal zanbin pa’al suntana. Bi’esʋg labakanɛ da bɛ tensʋk yʋma saŋa la da pa’al ye bʋʋs nya’amidnɛ pian’adi tisid kasi dim. 

Bʋʋg mɔr kpinnim nɛ suntaana tʋʋma nɛ banɛ pʋ mɔr pʋ’ʋsim suorɛ. Pentagram, dinɛ an zanbini pa’an ssuntana tʋʋma la, maali nwɛn nɛ bʋʋg zug. Baphomet dinɛ bɛ Mendes la anɛ suntaana zanbin kanɛ nwɛnɛ bʋʋg nɛ 19th Century tima diim ni.

Finland mɛn, Nuutinpäivä malʋŋ—St. Knut's Day, yʋʋmpaal dabpiinɛ tan’ daar la anɛ dinɛ ka dasm ɛɛnti maali ba mɛŋ nwɛnɛ ba anɛ bʋʋsnɛ kaad nidib ya. Fuud la ɛɛnti anɛ gbaʋŋ kanɛ tulik nɛ dinɛ lusid nindaa ka mɔr iila. Nuuttipukki pʋ nwɛnɛ Santa Claus, di mɔrnɛ dabiem hali, Nuuttipukki giligiddnɛ nidib yaan, o ya’a kpɛn’ɛna o sɔsidnɛ diibi yi yir la dim san’an, di kas-kas anɛ dankanɛ ka ba sa nu ka nya’al. Finland ni, Nuuttipukki malʋŋ la nam bɛ zin’is nwɛnɛ Satakunta, Southwest Finland nɛ Ostrobothnia. Amaa daba ayi nwaa, biis ma’aa yʋ’ʋn di’emid ka di tisidi ba sumalisim."Satakunnan Kansa". Satakunnankansa.fi. January 13, 2011. Archived from the original on January 13, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.

Russia dim yʋ’ʋkanɛ ka ba mɔri pʋti ba nidib la, Kozlov, gbin anɛ bʋʋg. Goatee mɛ anɛ kɔbʋlʋg kanɛ bɛ daʋ tieŋin, ka ba pʋdi di wala din mɔr nwɛnɛm nɛ bʋʋg nindaa la zug.

 Suntaana nwɛnɛm 
Saŋa pamm nib a ɛɛnti pa’al suntaana nwɛnɛ Baphomet nwɛnɛ bʋʋg. dinzugɔ bʋʋg la bɛɛ bʋʋg zug La anɛ zanbin kanɛ ka ba mɔri pa’an suntaana tʋʋma bɛɛ o nwɛnɛm saŋa wʋsa. Pentagram kanɛ ka ba tulig la mɔrnɛ zi’eni tis suntaana nwɛnɛm sansieba di zi’enɛ tis bʋʋg zug kanɛ bɛ Baphomet ni ka da yi suntaana pʋ’ʋsʋm dɔɔgʋn na la.

Bʋʋg zug la nɛ Baphomet zug la mɛ anɛ zanbinɛ bɛ Suntana pʋ’ʋsʋm zin’igin dinɛ mɛ an Pentagram kanɛ aan atitula.

 Mɔɔgʋn bʋʋs 
Ba ya’a bas bʋʋs bi’ela ba na zɔ lɛb mɔɔgʋn. bʋnkɔnb-banɛ ka ti mi’ ye ba an yn bʋnam ka sikidi kpɛn’ɛd mɔɔg anɛ amus. Mɔɔgʋn bʋʋs su’a ba mɛŋ zin’is bɛdegis bɛdegʋ. Ba bɛ  Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Galapagos nɛ zin’is bɛdegʋ. Mɔɔgʋn bʋʋs ya’a zu’oe zin’isi’a ka ku’om pʋ pasigidi baa ka ba dataas mɛ kae daamidi baa, ba tun’e mɔr daʋŋ bɛdegʋ. Nwɛnɛ ba na vɔɔnd tiis tituud ka san’am zin’ibanɛ wʋsa ka ba mɔɔgʋn bʋnkɔnbtaaba na kena bɛ ka nyɛ yaama ɔnb. Mɔɔgʋn bʋʋs da pɛ’ɛl Australia hali yʋʋm tusir kɔbiswai nɛ piswai saŋa la, ka ba kanl na nwɛnɛ miliyɔnnam 2.6."The feral goat (Capra hircus) – Invasive species fact sheet" (PDF). environment.gov.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 11, 2008. Amaa Zin’ikanɛ ka ba dataas bɛ ka daamidi ba, ba tun’e ɛɛnti dʋ ya’an tibanɛ ka ba ɔnbid la zug.  

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