Agriculture in Ghana

Agriculture in Ghana (Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr dim ) banɛ bɛ Ghana la anɛ banɛ mɔr kpaadib laad bɛdigʋ.  Di anɛ  ligidi yisib lʋgʋr. Ba Sʋŋid Ghana  nidib banɛ mɔr gbana nɛ banɛ kae gbana wʋsa ka paamid tʋʋma."Ghana at a glance". fao. Retrieved 27 May 2020."Embassy of Ghana – Democratic Republic of Congo". Ghanaembkin. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020. Di zi'enɛ tis lʋgʋr kanɛ gɔsid diib yɛlla la."Ministry of Food and Agriculture". Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 11 July 2022. Ghana mɔr bʋnbʋʋda tis zin'ig wʋsa. Din yi banɛ kuod  bɔn'ɔgʋn nɛ kem paae banɛ kuod  pipirisin. Di mɔr kpaadib bʋnbʋʋda wʋʋ busa, ki nam, cocoa,  abɛ tiis, gʋʋr tiis, sʋma nɛ tibɛda nam wʋʋ  timber nam. La'ad bama anɛ yɛlkpan  kanɛ yisid ligidi Ghana kpaadib ni. Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr la da nyaŋi tis nidib tʋʋma kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ atan Ghana nidib banɛ kae tʋʋma.Food and Agriculture Policy Decision Analysis (FAPDA). "Country Fact sheet on food and agriculture policy trends" (PDF). Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations. FAO. Retrieved 13 May 2016.Clark, Nancy L. "Agriculture" (and subchapters). A Country Study: Ghana (La Verle Berry, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (November 1994). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.[1] Bɔzugɔ saa la na nyaŋi sʋŋ  agric tʋʋma la.saŋgbana la ya'a tia'as li mɔrnɛ daaŋi tisid zʋʋd banɛ ka ti kuod ligidi yɛlla nɛ banɛ ka ti kuod diib yɛlla la."Climate Risk Profile: Ghana". Climatelinks. USAID. January 2017. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2020.Baffour-Ata, Frank; Antwi-Agyei, Philip; Nkiaka, Elias; Dougill, Andrew J.; Anning, Alexander K.; Kwakye, Stephen Oppong (1 December 2021). "Effect of climate variability on yields of selected staple food crops in northern Ghana". Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 6 100205. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100205. ISSN 2666-1543.

Nwɛnɛ  paalʋ ya'a an' kilometre nam wʋʋ 136,000 km2 (53,000 sq mi), ka sʋ'ʋg bɛɛ mɔr kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi 57% ka paalʋ  la mɔr  238,539 km2 (92,100 sq mi) di bigis nɛ ye zin'ig la anɛ kuob zin'ig ka fʋ na ye 58,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi) anɛ teŋ kpi'emis kuob zin'ig  ka   11,000  mɛ an' dɔn'ʋsʋg paalʋ zin'ig."Ghana at a glance | FAO in Ghana | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations". fao.org. Retrieved 19 October 2024.

 Kuob 
Ghana da kua si'em yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ anii (2018) la ni:

 20.8 million tons of cassava (paasi anaasi daan dunia wʋsa ni, di tia'alnɛ Nigeria, Thailand nɛ Congo);
 7.8 million tons of yam (paasi ayi dunia wʋsa ani, Nigeria gaad tuon ka ba tia'al);
 4.1 million tons of plantain (2nd largest producer in the world, just behind Congo);
 2.6 million tons of palm oil (8th largest producer in the world);
 2.3 million tons of maize;
 1.4 million tons of taro (4th largest producer in the world, second only to Nigeria, China and Cameroon);
 947 thousand tons of cocoa (2nd largest producer in the world, second only to Ivory Coast);
 769 thousand tons of rice;
 753 thousand tons of orange (19th largest producer in the world);
 713 thousand tons of pineapple (11th largest producer in the world);
 521 thousand tons of peanut;

 Kuob nԑ gʋ’ʋl la’ad 

 Cocoa 
Yʋʋm pisnii nԑ yinnԑ banԑ gaad la sa, banԑ mͻr cocoa tuud suori yit Ghana yiŋi kuosid la nyԑ yʋ’ʋr hali bԑ kuob nԑ gʋ’ʋl yela Ghana sʋ’ʋlim."Ghana Cocoa Board Official Website". Coco Bod Ghana. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Cocoa anԑ laʋk kanԑ ka Ghana dim mͻr bԑdigʋ lͻmisid tԑԑnsi kuosid."Ghana's Economic Performance in 2010" (PDF). Ghana Statistical Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2014. Ba kuod cocoa Ghana nԑ tԑԑns banԑ mͻr tiis bԑdigʋ: Ashanti Region, Ahafo Region, Central Region, Eastern Region, Western Region nԑ Volta Region. Ba pin’ini li pͻn’ͻb nԑ sawaar nwadig la ni ka bʋndԑԑna lԑԑ bԑnԑ Mͻraʋg nwadig la ni. Cocoa wʋsa ligidi zԑm nԑ, li ya’a ka’a banԑ ka ba mͻri sʋ’a yi tԑŋin la kԑŋ kuosԑ. Banԑ kuod cocoa tita’am mͻri pͻbibis, nidib biela kuosidi li hali. Ghana gͻmԑna gͻsid cocoa kuob yela dͻlisid lʋgir kanԑ buon Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nԑ piiga ni, ban da mͻr cocoa si’a yi Ghana sʋ’ʋlim da anԑ na’asaatԑŋ ligidi $2,219.5 million (US).

Yʋʋm tusayi nԑ piinԑ ayͻpͻi ni, Ghana da paasnԑ tԑԑns ayi’ daani mͻr cocoa yit yiŋi kuosid ka Côte d'Ivoire an yiiga, ka ligidi kanԑ da kpԑn’ԑ na da anԑ na’asaatԑŋ ligidi $1,914 metric ton wʋsa pʋʋgin; Ba da vԑԑnsi gͻs ka cocoa na maali gaad saŋsi’eba nԑ 97,500 metric tons. Paasig nwa na mͻr yela bԑ kuosig nԑ da’ab pʋʋgin tis kpaadib banԑ  kuod pͻbibis nԑ pͻbԑda banԑka gͻmԑna pʋdigi ba 1.3-billion-dollar loon 2017–2018 ye ba ti yͻ’ la."Cocobod". Cooco Bod Ghana. Retrieved 26 April 2023.

Cocoa maan Ghana sʋ’ʋlm la sʋŋ tԑŋ la nidib tusa-tusa nԑ ligidi yela li kas kas anԑ banԑ bԑ tԑŋ la dagͻbʋg baba la. Nwa’ yinԑ dunia wʋsa da’adiib ti’akir wada ni kԑ ka cocoa kuob kԑn tuon la, ka ka’a li gbirig nԑ tʋmm."Cocoa in Ghana Shaping the success of an economy".

Dankal                          

Dankal mԑ anԑ bʋnsʋŋ bͻzugͻ ba mͻri li maan la’ad bԑdigʋ. Dankal nya’a tisid biis ma’nam bin’isim k aba pʋ lԑn fabin bin’isim yellԑ.Sugri, I (2017). "Sweet potato value chain analysis reveals opportunities for increased income and food security in northern Ghana". Advances in Agriculture. 2017. et. al: 1–14. doi:10.1155/2017/8767340. Ninsaalib mͻr dankal ka li an diib, amaa dankal mԑ anԑ diibi tis bʋnkͻnbid mԑn ka fʋ tͻn’ͻe nͻki tisi fʋ bʋnkͻnbid k aba di. Ghana anԑ tԑŋkanԑ gaad tuoni vԑԑnsidi gͻsid bʋnbʋtta banԑ mͻr nya’a. Ba kuod dankal tita’am bԑnԑ ya’datiʋŋ baba Ghana sʋ’ʋlim, amaa li mԑ maani bԑ tԑŋ la wʋsa ni.

Ba nyaŋidi mͻr dankali maan ka li kilimid zͻ’ͻm, bodobodo nԑ dan’am malisima. Ghana ya’datiʋŋ dim nam pʋ nyaŋi paami li nyͻͻd wan wʋʋ lin nar si’em bͻzugͻ tԑŋ la pʋ mͻr kʋ’ʋlʋm ka yԑlkanԑ paas mԑ anԑ ye ba pʋ nyaŋi la’as taabaa. Kpaadib la pʋ tis taaba sidaa, bͻzugͻ sͻ’ wʋsa mͻr o pʋtԑn’ԑr lin nar ye ba kuosi li si’em. La’asa nam anu sʋŋid ka ba kuosid ka da’ad dankal, kpaadib la, kpikpiŋ dim, banԑ da’adi tͻlim, banԑ da’adi maan la’asi’eba nԑ banԑ ka ba mͻri maan la’ad ka ba da’ad. Nid wʋsa mԑ mͻr o da’adiŋ nԑ on kuosidi tisid sͻ’. Banԑ ziid dankal ka’ kpaadib la mԑŋa, amaa ba nͻkid lͻͻm la ka ba ziid ka ba yͻͻdi ba.Nyamah, E.Y.; Jiang, Y (2017). "Agri-food supply chain performance: An empirical impact of risk". Management Decision. 55 (5). Feng, Y & Enchill, E: 872–891. doi:10.1108/md-01-2016-0049.

 Bʋnbʋtta banԑ ka ba kuod kuosig yela 
Bʋnbʋtta banԑ ka ba kuod kuosig yela tita’am anԑ abԑ, gungum, rͻba, kikan’siind, taba nԑ bԑrigis, linԑ ka ba mͻri tͻnridi ʋgʋd baagi nam. Bama wʋsa, li anԑ abԑ tiig la tisid kpaadib ligidi gat."Ghana – Other Commercial Crops". countrystudies.us. Retrieved 24 May 2020. Baa ban pa’al ye bʋnbʋtta ban tͻn’ͻe sʋŋ ka sʋ’ʋlim kan nͻbig la, gͻmԑna nͻk o saŋa niŋ nԑ bʋnbʋtta banԑ ka ba mͻri lͻmisid tԑԑnsi kuosid ni. Fʋ ya’a gͻs, kikan’asiind kuob lԑb nya’aŋ, bͻzugͻ, ba yͻ’ zin’is ayi’ banԑ ka maan sikir la, anina ka ba da paam 237,000 tons yʋʋm pʋʋgin bԑ lin da yi yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisyͻpͻi nԑ anaasi paae yʋʋm tusir, kͻiswai nԑpisyͻpͻi nԑ ayuobʋ la ni, amaa ba da paam nԑ 110,000 tons ma’a yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ awai la ni.

Gͻmԑna sʋŋid nԑ ka bͻͻd banԑ mͻri rͻͻba yit tԑԑns si’eba ni kuosid la gaad banԑ lԑԑ mͻri maan la’ad kpala ni la, ba da sʋŋ kpaadib ka ba kua hԑkanam tusatan’ lin na niŋ si’em ka ba mͻri yi tԑԑns si’eba ni kuos ka lԑԑ pʋ nyaŋi sʋŋi duoe Bonsa Tire Company, zin’ig kanԑ da nyaŋidi maal kͻbanam kͻnbisnaasi daar wʋsa yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ anii ni, baa ban pin’ili li ye li maal ban tusir nԑ kͻbisnu daar wʋsa la.

Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nam saŋa la, taba kuob da nͻbigid ka kԑn tuon ka ba mͻri li bԑdigʋ kԑn tԑԑns si’eba ni kuosid. Taba vaand la nͻbigid tͻ’ͻtͻ’ ka bͻͻd nԑ zin’ig kanԑ  ka kʋ’ʋlʋm bԑ ka li na nyaŋi maal wan wʋʋ li bʋnbʋtta taaba amaa banԑ tͻn’ͻe ban’as la an sʋ’ʋm. Ban na kuos taba ligidi si’em bԑn yela da kԑ ka taba kuob lԑb nya’aŋ, yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisyͻpͻi pin’ilig saŋa ba da kua nԑ baagi tʋsatan’ nԑ kͻbisnaasi amaa ka li sigi lԑb tuisr, kͻbisnaasi nԑ pistan’ nԑ atan’ bԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ awai la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nԑ ayuobʋ nԑ ayͻpͻi saŋa, BAT (British America Tobacco) dim tʋʋma da san’am ya, kati wa’ae nidibi da duoe gԑԑsid ye ba da lԑmis taba la, nwa’ da kԑ ka lampͻ kanԑ bԑ taba zugin da paas ka nidib yʋ’ʋn mͻri li su’adi kuosid.

Tʋʋma lʋgir kanԑ ka ba da buon Leaf Development Company da kԑn yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ anii na ye ba kua taba lin na niŋ si’em ka banԑ bԑ tԑŋ la ni paam da’ ka li dͻlis anina ka ba mͻri yit tԑԑns si’eba ni kuosid. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ yinnԑ ni, tʋʋma lʋgir la da kuos si’el yiiga da anԑ baagi kͻbiswan’ banԑ ka wiim pʋ tͻn’e ba, mui baagi pisnu, nԑ tabkpi’ema baagi pisnu, ba da mͻr 250 tons yi tԑŋ la yiŋi kuos ka ban da nyԑ ligidi sia an US$380,000. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ yinnԑ ni, British tobacco company dim da da’a Meridian Tobacco Company sʋ’ʋgir paŋ pisnaasi nԑ awa’ nԑ pʋdigir ayi yinnԑ ni, kͻbiga pʋʋgin ka li da kԑ k aba mͻr paŋ anina ka gͻsidi li yela ban nԑ Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Tʋʋma lʋgir yinnԑ kanԑ buon Pioneer Tobacco Company dim da yis labaar yi’iŋ na ye ba paam nyͻͻd piswai nԑ ayiŋa, kͻbiga pʋʋin, fʋ ya’a yis lampͻ ka kԑ, ka li pa’al ye ba nyͻͻd da gaad 1 billion yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ yinnԑ la ni. Ban da paam ligidi sia pa’al zugin da anԑ ¢360 million, li da pʋdig ligidi kanԑ ka ba da yͻ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai ni la.

Gungum kuob da kԑn tuon hali bԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisyͻpͻi tԑnsʋk saŋa, li da paae 24,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisyͻpͻi nԑ ayͻpͻi la ni, amaa ka lԑb nya’aŋ ka ban paam si’em la da anԑ fʋ ya’a pʋdig nwa’ abʋtan’ bԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ awai la ni. Ban da ti’ak Ghana Cotton Development Board ka li paas Ghana Cotton Company pʋʋgin la, gungum kuob da nͻbig ya hali yi kͻbiga pʋʋgin pʋdigir anaasi paae pisnu, kͻbiga pʋʋgin bԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai ni. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ ayuobʋ nԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ awai tԑnsʋk, Ghana da paam ligidi US$6 million yi gungum kuosig ni. Tʋʋma lʋgir la da bͻͻd ye yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ yinnԑ, nԑ tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ anu tԑnsʋk, pͻͻd wan wʋʋ 20,000 hectares ka ba na nͻki kua gungum, lin na niŋ si’em ka Ghana nyaŋi paam ban bͻͻd gungum si’em la, baa li ya’a ka’a wʋsa ka li pansig nԑ finn.

Yʋʋni linԑ yit tan’ama tiis ni la taa bԑnԑ Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions banԑ bԑ Ghana sʋ’ʋlim la. Banԑ pi’isid yʋʋni tita’am anԑ pʋ’ab, banԑ lԑn maani li ka tuod kʋsakpaam kuosid. Nidib banԑ pi’isid yʋʋmi gaad pʋ’ab tusa kͻbiswai bԑ ya’tuona sʋ’ʋlim ka ba pi’isid nԑ yʋʋni tusa kͻbiga nԑ pistan’ yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin. Yʋʋni pi’isig anԑ tʋʋma tis pʋ’ab banԑ bԑ tԑnkpԑmisin zin’is bama ni ka li sʋŋidi ba ka ba paamid ban bͻͻd si’eli da’ad. Tan’aŋ tiig vaand mԑ anԑ tiim, ba mͻri li ti’ebid pʋban’asi bԑ biis ni."Shea Tree". HerbaZest. Retrieved 15 July 2024. Ba mԑ mͻri ugun ka li ti’ebid zug zabir nԑ nif ban’as. Dunia wʋsa yʋʋni kuosig kԑn tuon ka Ghana paas tԑԑns banԑ kuosidi nԑ li la’asi’eba bԑdigʋ."Cocobod - Shea". cocobod.gh. Retrieved 15 July 2024.

 Bʋnkͻnbid nԑ bʋnbʋtta banԑ dit 
Bʋnbʋtta banԑ ka ba bʋti ba diib yela tita’am si’eba anԑ kawԑnna, busa, banki nԑ bʋnbʋtta si’eba banԑ nyԑ’ԑt. Baa gͻmԑna bͻͻd ye o kԑ ka nidib lԑbi kuod bʋnbʋtta banԑ ka ba dit la, bʋndidig kuob da lԑb nya’aŋ 2.7 percent yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin bԑ 1971 nԑ 1973 tԑnsʋk, ka 1981 paae 1983 mԑ da an ala. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ atan’ ni la, Ghana da paam bͻͻdie ka li si’al tԑŋ la bͻͻdim bԑn. Dikanԑ k aba da mͻri lͻ’ͻŋ tԑԑnsin kuos da dʋya yi 43,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisyͻpͻi nԑ atan’ ni paae 152,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ yinnԑ ni.

Bʋnlinԑ yela ka ba kuob da lԑb nya’aŋ la la, lԑn paas nԑ nidibi bat tԑnkpԑmis ka kԑn tԑnpʋʋs ni la nԑ nidibi bͻͻd mui nԑ kawԑnna ka zug k abama kuob lԑb nya’aŋ. Yelbanԑ paad kpaadib anԑ ban na paam kuob la’ad, ba ya’a bʋn na niŋ si’em mͻri li paae da’an nԑ nidibi mͻr diib tԑŋ si’eba kpԑn’ԑd Ghana n aka li ligid pʋ kpiem la yela. Saŋa la ti’asid la zug, li kas kas yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ atan’ ni la, wak da lu na kԑ ka bʋnbʋtta maalig sie yi 518,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ ayi’ ni lԑb 450,000 tons. Diib kanԑ ka ba da mͻri kpԑn’ԑ Ghana yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ ayi’ nԑ pisnii nԑ atan’ la ni da anԑ 115,000 tons, ka ba da vԑԑnsi gͻs ka ye yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ atan’ nԑ pisnii nԑ anaasi yʋʋŋ la li na si’e lԑb 370,000 tons. Nͻbigir da kԑna pin’il nԑ yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ anaasi ni, ka li da yinԑ wak la da gaad la yela. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ anii ni, kuob nԑ gʋ’ʋl lʋgir la da nͻbigya, ka nͻbigir la bԑdigʋ da yinԑ kpaadib nina. Wak da lԑb yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai ni na, ka li da kԑ ka diib maalig lԑb nya’aŋ, mui ma’a da sͻn’ͻe, amaa ba da muki kua ka li kԑ ka li ligidi da sie yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai nԑ yinnԑ la ni.

Mͻtʋl nwadig la ni, yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai ni, gͻmԑna da bͻͻd ye o kԑ ka kuob nԑ gʋ’ʋl lʋgir kԑn tuon. Ba da bͻͻd ye nidib kua bԑdigʋ ka diib bԑ’ lin na niŋ si’em ka li ligidi sie. Gͻmԑna gban’ar linԑ ka o da yis na yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ piswai ni la, da bͻͻd nԑ lin na niŋ si’em ka bʋnbʋtta maal sʋ’ʋŋa ka diib bԑ, linzug ka ba da kpԑmisid kpaadib la nԑ la’asi’eba la’anԑ zin’is banԑ k aba na sʋ’adi ba la’ad.

Bʋnkͻnbid gʋ’ʋlʋg da lԑb nya’aŋ ka li anԑ pͻ’ͻg yela bԑ Ghana sʋ’ʋlim banԑ ka tiis bԑ la, ka ba si’ebsa mԑ pʋ paamid yammi ͻnbida. Yʋʋm tusir, kͻbiswai nԑ pisnii nԑ awai ni, niigi kanl da an wan wʋʋ 1.2 million, ka pԑ’ԑs an 2.2 million, ka bʋʋs an 2 million, ka kurkurnam an 550,000, ka nͻͻs mԑ an 8 million Ghana sʋ’ʋlim.

Bԑŋa anԑ bʋnbʋttir kanԑ bԑ Ghana sʋ’ʋim ka bʋnvʋya si’eba bԑ san’amidi ba hali. Yʋʋm tusayi nԑ pisi nԑ ayi la ni kԑn tuon, bԑŋa kuob lԑb nya’aŋ ka bʋnvʋya banԑ san’amidi ba kԑ ka li kuob pʋ lԑn malis nidib ya’asԑ. Yʋda nam la an banԑ san’amid bԑŋa hali gati ba taaba, ka li kԑt ka kpaadib si’eba ԑԑnti kͻ’ͻŋi ba diib zin’is awai, pʋdigir piiga pʋʋgin. Gͻmԑna nԑ asʋ’ʋmmԑŋ dim mugusid ye nidib kua na’asaa bԑŋa ka ban pʋ kpԑn’ԑd yʋda walaa, baa ban nam pʋ tik nʋ’ʋg ye ba nͻki li tʋm yʋʋm tusayi nԑ pisi nԑ ayi’ saŋa la, kpaadib la nyidigidi ba mԑŋi ieedi li ye ba kua. Kpaadib la mͻr ti’ir ye yʋʋm tusayi nԑ anaasi bԑ li kʋ paae sankanԑ ka ba na tik nu’ug. Kuob nԑ gʋ’ʋl lʋgir la mͻr bʋnbʋttir la ba gban’ar pʋʋgin.Republic of Ghana Ministry of Food and Agriculture (February 2022). "West Africa Food System Resilience Program (FSRP2) – Phase 2 (P178132) Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP)" (PDF).

 Gbanvɛɛnsa