인체 골격근 목록

2 관자마루근 

3 눈둘레근 

4 levator labii superioris 위입술올림근, 상순거근(上脣擧筋) 

5 masticatorii(masticatory muscle) 씹기근육, 저작근(咀嚼筋) 

6 sternocleidomastoideus 목빗근, 흉쇄유돌근(胸鎖乳突筋) 

7 orbicularis oris 입둘레근, 구륜근(口輪筋) 

8 deltoideus 어깨세모근, 삼각근(三角筋) 

9 trapezius 등세모근, 승모근(僧帽筋) 

10 pectoralis major 큰가슴근, 대흉근(大胸筋) 

11 latissimus dorsi 넓은등근, 광배근(廣背筋) 

12 triceps brachii 위팔세갈래근, 상완삼두근(上腕三頭筋) 

13 biceps brachii 위팔두갈래근, 상완이두근(上腕二頭筋) 

14 serratus anterior 앞톱니근, 전거근(前鋸筋) 혹은 전방거근(前方鋸筋)

15 rectus abdominis 배곧은근, 복직근(腹直筋) 

16 obliquus externus abdominis 배바깥빗근, 외복사근(外腹斜筋) 

17 tensor fascia lata 넙다리근막긴장근, 대퇴근막장근(大腿筋膜張筋) 

18 rectus femoris 넙다리곧은근, 대퇴직근(大腿直筋) 

19 gluteus maximus  큰볼기근, 대둔근(大臀筋) 

20 pronator quadratus  네모엎침근, 방형회내근(方形回內筋) 

21 flexor retinaculum 굽힘근지지띠, 굴곡근지지대(屈曲筋支持帶) 

22 flexor digitorum communis 손가락굽힘근, 총지굴근(總指屈筋), 총수지굴근(總手指屈筋)

23 sartorius 넙다리빗근, 봉공근(縫工筋) 

24 quadratus femoris  넙다리네모근, 대퇴방형근(大腿方形筋) 

25 ischiocrurale 넓적다리뒤근육, 좌골하퇴근(坐骨下腿筋) 

26 gastrocnemius muscle 장딴지근, 비복근(髀腹筋) 

27 tibialis anterior  앞정강근, 전경골근(前頸骨筋) 

28 soleus 가자미근, 비근(腓筋) 

29 extensor retinaculum 폄근지지띠, 신전근지지대(伸展筋支持帶) 

30 triceps surae  종아리세갈래근, 하퇴삼두근(下腿三頭筋) 

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일반적인 인간에게는 대략 640개의 골격근이 있고, 대부분의 근육이 좌우대칭의 양측성 근육이므로 대략 320쌍의 근육을 이 문서에서 보여주고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 정확한 숫자를 정하는 건 어려운데 왜냐하면 특정 근육을 단일 근육의 다른 부분으로 정의할지, 각각의 근육으로 정의할지 등의 문제가 있기 때문이다. 그래서 640개에서 850개로 근육의 숫자를 다르게 셀 수 있다.

인체의 근육들은 머리와 목(head and neck)의 근육, 몸통(torso or trunk)의 근육, 팔(upper limbs)의 근육과 다리(lower limbs)의 근육을 포함한 많은 분류로 나뉠 수 있다.

표의 "동작"(action)은 해부학적 위치의 각각의 근육의 동작을 의미한다.

이 근육들은 해부학 용어(anatomical terminology)를 사용하여 설명된다. 한국어, 한자어, 영어 용어가 섞여서 쓰이는 대한민국 의학계의 현실을 감안하여 한국어, 한자어, 영어 명칭을 모두 표기하였다.

KMLE 의학검색엔진에서 "대한의협 의학용어 사전"과 "대한해부학회 의학용어 사전"을 검색할 수 있다.

인체 해부학에서의 골격근의 목록은 아래 표와 같다. 아래 표를 보기 전에 인체 뼈 목록, 위치에 대한 해부학 용어, 운동에 대한 해부학 용어, 근육에 대한 해부학 용어 문서를 읽으면 이해가 좀 더 쉬울 것이다.

 머리 

 두피/눈꺼풀 
 근육  이는곳  닿는곳  동맥  신경  동작  대항근
   뒤통수이마근  뒤통수뼈의 뒤통수힘살 2개와 이마뼈의 이마힘살 2개  머리덮개 널힘줄   얼굴신경  눈썹 들기  
  뒤통수힘살  뒤통수뼈의 위목덜미선, 관자뼈 바위 부분(petrous part)의 꼭지돌기  머리덮개널힘줄  뒤통수 동맥  뒤귓바퀴 신경(얼굴신경의 가지)   이마힘살  머리덮개 널힘줄  이마 부분의 피부  눈동맥(안동맥, ophthalmic artery)  얼굴신경  눈썹 찡그리기  눈둘레근  이마뼈; 안쪽눈꺼풀인대(medial palpebral ligament); 눈물뼈(lacrimal bone)  가쪽눈꺼풀연결(외측안검봉선, Lateral palpebral commissure)  눈동맥(안동맥, ophthalmic artery), 광대눈확동맥(협골안와동맥, zygomaticoorbital artery), 눈구석동맥(Angular artery)  얼굴신경(facial nerve, 귀밑샘신경얼기)의 광대가지(zygomatic branch)  눈꺼풀 닫기  눈꺼풀올림근
   눈썹주름근  눈썹활(안와상융기, superciliary arch)  눈썹 근처의 이마 피부   얼굴신경  이마 찡그리기  
   눈썹내림근  안쪽 눈확 가장자리  눈확 안쪽   얼굴신경  눈썹의 내림  


 바깥눈근육 
 근육  이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  동작  대항근
   눈꺼풀올림근(Levator palpebrae superioris muscle)  나비뼈(sphenoid bone)  눈꺼풀판(tarsus, tarsal plate), 위눈꺼풀(upper eyelid)  ophthalmic artery  oculomotor nerve  눈꺼풀의 들임과 올림  눈둘레근(orbicularis oculi muscle)
   위눈꺼풀판근(superior tarsal muscle)  눈꺼풀올림근(levator palpebrae superioris muscle)의 아랫면  superior tarsal plate of the eyelid   sympathetic nervous system  윗눈꺼풀 들기  
   눈둘레근(orbicularis oculi muscle)  이마뼈, 안쪽눈꺼풀인대(medial palpebral ligament), 그리고 눈물뼈(lacrimal bone)  가쪽눈꺼풀솔기(lateral palpebral raphe)  ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery  얼굴신경(facial nerve)  눈꺼풀 닫기  눈꺼풀올림근(levator palpebrae superioris muscle) 곧은근(Rectus muscles)
   위곧은근(Superior rectus muscle)  눈확끝(orbital apex)의 온힘줄고리(Common tendinous ring)  7.5 mm superior to the corneal limbus   oculomotor nerve  눈(eye)의 들기, 모음, 안쪽돌림  
   아래곧은근(Inferior rectus muscle)  6.5 mm inferior to the corneal limbus   inferior branch of oculomotor nerve  내림과 모음  
   안쪽곧은근(Medial rectus muscle)  5.5 mm medial to the corneal limbus   inferior division of the oculomotor nerve  안구(eyeball)의 모음  
   가쪽곧은근(Lateral rectus muscle)  7 mm temporal to the corneal limbus   abducens nerve  안구(eyeball)의 벌림   빗근(Oblique muscles)
   위빗근(Superior oblique muscle)  눈확끝(orbital apex)과 시각신경관(optic canal) 안쪽(medial)의 온힘줄고리(Common tendinous ring)  outer posterior quadrant of the eyeball  lateral muscular branch of the ophthalmic artery  trochlear nerve  주: 안쪽돌림(intorsion).부: 안구(eyeball)의 벌림(가쪽돌림)과 내림  
   아래빗근(Inferior oblique muscle)  위턱뼈(maxilla)의 눈확(orbital) 표면, 눈물고랑(누구, lacrimal groove)의 가쪽(lateral)  laterally onto the eyeball, deep to the lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon   oculomotor nerve  두눈바깥회선(extorsion), 올림, 벌림  


 내안근 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   섬모체근(ciliary muscle)    long posterior ciliary arteries  oculomotor nerve (parasympathetics)  accommodation  
   동공확대근(Dilator pupillae muscle)    superior cervical ganglion (sympathetics)  pupil dilation  동공조임근(Sphincter pupillae muscle)
   동공조임근(Sphincter pupillae muscle)    short ciliary nerves  constricts pupil  동공확대근(Dilator pupillae muscle)


 귀 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   귓바퀴근육(Auricular muscles, Auriculares muscles)  galeal aponeurosis  front of the helix, cranial surface of the pinna   facial nerve  (Wiggle ears)  
   관자마루근(temporoparietalis muscle)  auriculares muscles  galea aponeurotica     
   등자근(stapedius)   neck of stapes   facial nerve  control the amplitude of sound waves to the inner ear  
   고막긴장근(tensor tympani)  Eustachian tube  handle of the malleus  superior tympanic artery  medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve  tensing the tympanic membrane  


 코 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  작용(Action)  대항근
   눈살근(Procerus muscle)  from fascia over the lower of the nasal bone  skin of the lower part of the forehead between the eyebrows   buccal branch of the facial nerve  Draws down the medial angle of the eyebrow, giving expressions of frowning  
   코근(Nasalis muscle)  위턱뼈(maxilla)  nasal bone   Compresses bridge, depresses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils  
   콧구멍확대근(dilator naris muscle)  margin of the nasal notch of the maxilla, greater and lesser alar cartilages  skin near the margin of the nostril   dilation of nostrils  
   코중격내림근(Depressor septi nasi muscle)  incisive fossa of the maxilla  nasal septum and back part of the alar part of nasalis muscle   depression of nasal septum  
   위입술콧방울올림근(Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle)  위턱뼈(maxilla)  nostril and upper lip  superior labial artery dilates the nostril; elevates the upper lip and wing of the nose  


 입 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  작용(Action)  대항근
   입꼬리올림근(levator anguli oris)(caninus)   위턱뼈(maxilla)  modiolus of mouth  facial artery  facial nerve  smile (elevates angle of mouth)  
   입꼬리내림근(Depressor anguli oris muscle)(triangularis)  tubercle of mandible  modiolus of mouth  facial artery  얼굴신경의 하악분지(mandibular branch of facial nerve)  depresses angle of mouth    위입술올림근(levator labii superioris muscle)  medial infra-orbital margin  아래입술의 외피(skin and muscle of the upper lip) (labii superioris)  superior labial artery  buccal branch of the facial nerve  Elevates the upper lip  
   아래입술내림근(Depressor labii inferioris muscle)  아래턱뼈의 사선 (oblique line of the mandible), between the symphysis and the mental foramen  integument of the lower lip, orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of the opposite side  inferior labial artery  facial nerve  Depresses the lower lip  
   턱끝근(mentalis muscle)  아래턱뼈(mandible) 앞쪽(anterior)  턱  Inferior labial branch of facial artery  mandibular branch of facial nerve  elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip  
   볼근(Buccinator muscle)  위턱뼈와 아래턱뼈의 이틀돌기(alveolar processes of the maxillary bone and mandible), pterygomandibular raphe  in the fibres of the orbicularis oris  buccal artery  buccal branch of the facial nerve  compress the cheeks against the teeth (blowing), mastication.  
   입둘레근(Orbicularis oris muscle)  위턱뼈(maxilla)와 아래턱뼈(mandible)  skin around the lips    pucker the lips  
   입꼬리당김근(risorius muscle)  귀밑샘근막(parotid fascia)  modiolus  facial artery  draw back angle of mouth  
  광대근(Zygomatic muscles)
   큰광대근(Zygomaticus major muscle)  광대뼈의 앞쪽(anterior of zygomatic bone)
  modiolus of mouth  facial artery  buccal branch of the facial nerve  draws angle of mouth upward and laterally  
   작은광대근(Zygomaticus minor muscle)  광대뼈(zygomatic bone)  skin of the upper lip  facial nerve, buccal branch  elevates upper lip  

 씹기 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   깨물근(masseter muscle)  광대활(zygomatic arch)과 위턱뼈(maxilla)  coronoid process and ramus of mandible  masseteric artery  masseteric nerve (V3)  elevation (as in closing of the mouth) and retraction of mandible  넓은목근(platysma)
   관자근(Temporalis)  temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull  coronoid process of the mandible  deep temporal  third branch (mandibular nerve) of the trigeminal nerve  elevation and retraction of mandible
  날개근(Pterygoid muscles) 가쪽날개근(Lateral pterygoid muscle)  great wing of sphenoid and pterygoid plate  condyle of mandible  pterygoid branches of maxillary artery  external pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve  depresses mandible  
   안쪽날개근(Medial pterygoid muscle)  deep head: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate behind the upper teethsuperficial head: pyramidal process of palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity  medial angle of the mandible  mandibular nerve via nerve to medial pterygoid  elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoids in moving the jaw from side to side  


 혀 

 바깥기원근육(외인근육, 외재근, Extrinsic muscles) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   턱끝혀근(genioglossus muscle)  Superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti)  Dorsum of tongue and body of hyoid  Lingual artery  hypoglossal nerve  Complex – Inferior fibers protrude the tongue, middle fibers depress the tongue, and its superior fibers draw the tip back and down    목뿔혀근(hyoglossus muscle)  목뿔뼈(hyoid bone)  side of the tongue   hypoglossal nerve  depresses tongue    작은뿔혀근(chondroglossus muscle)  lesser cornu and body of the hyoid bone  intrinsic muscular fibers of the tongue   hypoglossal nerve  depresses tongue (some consider this muscle to be part of hyoglossus)    붓혀근(styloglossus muscle)  Styloid process of temporal bone  tongue   Hypoglossal nerve  elevates and retracts tongue  턱끝혀근(genioglossus)의 아래와 중간 섬유
   입천장혀근(Palatoglossus muscle)  palatine aponeurosis  tongue   vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve  raising the back part of the tongue  

 자체기원근육(내인근육, 내재근, Intrinsic muscles) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   혀위세로근(superior longitudinal muscle)  close to the epiglottis, from the median fibrous septum  edges of the tongue   hypoglossal nerve  shortens, turns tip upward, turns lateral margins upward    혀가로근(transverse muscle)  median fibrous septum  sides of the tongue   hypoglossal nerve  narrows and elongates     혀아래세로근(inferior longitudinal muscle)  root of the tongue  apex of the tongue   Hypoglossal nerve  shortens, retracts, pulls tip downward    혀수직근(vertical muscle)  dorsum of tongue  inferior surface borders of tongue   hypoglossal nerve  flattens  

 물렁입천장(연구개, Soft palate) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   입천장올림근(levator veli palatini muscle)  temporal bone, Eustachian tube  palatine aponeurosis  facial artery  vagus nerve  Aids in swallowing by elevating the soft palate  
   입천장긴장근(tensor veli palatini muscle)  medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone   medial pterygoid of mandibular nerve  Aids in swallowing by controlling the tension of the soft palate  
   목젖근(musculus uvulae)  hard palate   pharyngeal plexus  Moves and changes shape of the uvula  
   입천장혀근(Palatoglossus muscle)  palatine aponeurosis  tongue   vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve  Aids in respiration by raising the back part of the tongue  
   입천장인두근(palatopharyngeus muscle)  palatine aponeurosis and hard palate  upper border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictor fibers)  facial artery  vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve  Aids in respiration by pulling the pharynx and larynx  


 인두(Pharynx) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   붓인두근(stylopharyngeus muscle)  temporal styloid process  thyroid cartilage (pharynx)  pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery glossopharyngeal nerve  elevate the larynx, elevate the pharynx, swallowing  
   귀관인두근(salpingopharyngeus muscle)  cartilage of the Eustachian tube  posterior fasciculus of the pharyngopalatinus muscle   vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve  raise the nasopharynx  
  인두근(Pharyngeal muscles)  아래인두수축근(inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle]]  cricoid and thyroid cartilage  pharyngeal raphe  pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery external laryngeal branch of the vagus  Swallowing  
   중간인두수축근(middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle)  hyoid bone  pharyngeal raphe  vagus nerve  Swallowing  
   위인두수축근(superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle)  medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process  pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle   vagus nerve  Swallowing 

 후두(Larynx) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   반지방패근(cricothyroid muscle)  anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage  inferior cornu and lamina of the thyroid cartilage   external laryngeal branch of the vagus  tension and elongation of the vocal folds (has minor adductory effect)  
   모뿔근(arytenoid muscle)  arytenoid cartilage on one side  arytenoid cartilage on opposite side   recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus  approximate the arytenoid cartilages (close rima glottidis)  
   방패모뿔근(thyroarytenoid muscle)  inner surface of the thyroid cartilage (anterior aspect)  anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage   recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus  thickens the vocal folds and decreases length; also helps to adduct the vocal folds during speech  
  반지모뿔근(Cricoarytenoid muscles)
   뒤반지모뿔근(posterior cricoarytenoid muscle)  posterior part of the cricoid  muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage   recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus  abducts and laterally rotates the cartilage, pulling the vocal ligaments away from the midline and forward and so opening the rima glottidis  lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
   가쪽반지모뿔근(lateral cricoarytenoid muscle)  lateral part of the arch of the cricoid  muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage   recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus  adduct and medially rotate the cartilage, pulling the vocal ligaments towards the midline and backwards and so closing off the rima glottidis 

 목 부위 

 빗장뼈 부위(Clavicular) 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  작용(Action)  대항근
   넓은목근(Platysma)  빗장뼈아래와 흉부의 근막(inferior clavicle and fascia of chest)  아래턱뼈(mandible)  branches of the submental artery and suprascapular artery  cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)  Draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly and widens it (as in expressions of sadness and fright). Also draws the skin of the neck superiorly when teeth are clenched  깨물근(Masseter muscle), 관자근(Temporalis muscle)
   목빗근(Sternocleidomastoid muscle)  manubrium sterni, medial portion of the 빗장뼈(clavicle)  mastoid process of the temporal bone, superior nuchal line  occipital artery and the superior thyroid artery  운동(motor): 더부신경(accessory nerve)감각(sensory): 목신경얼기(cervical plexus)  Acting alone, tilts head to its own side and rotates it so the face is turned towards the opposite side. Acting together, flexes the neck, raises the sternum and assists in forced inspiration.  


 목뿔위근육(설골상근, Suprahyoid muscles) 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  작용(Action)  대항근
   턱두힘살근(Digastric muscle)  anterior belly – digastric fossa (mandible); posterior belly - mastoid process of temporal bone  Intermediate tendon (hyoid bone)   anterior belly - mandibular division of the trigeminal (CN V) via the mylohyoid nerve; posterior belly - facial nerve (CN VII)  Opens the jaw when the masseter and the temporalis are relaxed.    붓목뿔근(Stylohyoid muscle)  styloid process (temporal)  목뿔뼈의 큰뿔(greater cornu of hyoid bone)   얼굴신경(facial nerve) (CN VII)  Elevate the hyoid during swallowing    턱목뿔근(Mylohyoid muscle)  턱목뿔근선(Mylohyoid line) 아래턱뼈(mandible)  Median raphé  mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery  턱목뿔근신경(mylohyoid nerve), from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [V3]  Raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, depresses mandible    턱끝목뿔근(Geniohyoid muscle)  턱뼈결합(Symphysis menti)  목뿔뼈(hyoid bone)   C1 via 혀밑신경(hypoglossal nerve)  carry hyoid bone and the tongue upward during deglutition  

 목뿔아래근육(설골하근, Infrahyoid muscle) 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  작용(Action)  대항근
   복장목뿔근(Sternohyoid muscle)  복장뼈자루(manubrium of sternum)  목뿔뼈(hyoid bone)   목신경고리(ansa cervicalis)  depress hyoid bone    복장방패근(Sternothyroid muscle)  복장뼈자루(manubrium)  방패연골(thyroid cartilage)   목신경고리(Ansa cervicalis)  Depresses larynx, may slightly depress hyoid bone.    방패목뿔근(Thyrohyoid muscle)  방패연골(thyroid cartilage)  목뿔뼈(hyoid bone)   첫뻔째 목신경(first cervical nerve)  depress hyoid bone    어깨목뿔근(Omohyoid muscle)  어깨뼈의 위쪽경계(Upper border of the scapula)  목뿔뼈(Hyoid bone)   목신경고리(Ansa cervicalis)  Depresses the larynx and hyoid bone. Carries hyoid bone backward and to the side  

 목 

 목 앞 
 목 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   목긴근(Longus colli muscle)  Transverse processes of C-3 - C-6  Anterior arch of atlas  C2, C3, C4, C5, C6  Flexes the neck and head    머리긴근(Longus capitis muscle)  anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae  basilar part of the occipital bone   C1, C2, C3/C4  flexion of neck at atlanto-occipital joint    앞머리곧은근(Rectus capitis anterior muscle)  atlas  occipital bone   C1  flexion of neck at atlanto-occipital joint    가쪽머리곧은근(Rectus capitis lateralis muscle)  upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas  under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone   C1  Sidebend at atlanto-occipital joint  

 목 옆 
 근육 Origin  Insertion Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근  목갈비근(scalene muscles)   cervical vertebrae   first and second ribs  ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery) cervical nerves (C3, C4, C5, C6, C7  elevation of ribs I&II    앞목갈비근(Scalenus anterior muscle)  C3-C6  first rib  ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery)  ventral ramus of C5, C6  When the neck is fixed, elevates the first rib to aid in breathing or when the rib is fixed, bends the neck forward and sideways and rotates it to the opposite side   중간목갈비근(Scalenus medius muscle)  C2-C6  first rib  ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery)  ventral rami of the third to eighth cervical spinal nerves  Elevate 1st rib, rotate the neck to the opposite side    뒤목갈비근(Scalenus posterior muscle)  transverse processes of C4 - C6  2nd rib  ascending cervical artery, superficial cervical artery  C6, C7, C8  Elevate 2nd rib, tilt the neck to the same side 어깨올림근(levator scapulae muscle)  Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4  Superior part of medial border of scapula  dorsal scapular artery  cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)   Elevates 어깨뼈(scapula) and tilts its 접시오목(glenoid cavity) inferiorly by rotating scapula  가쪽머리곧은근(Rectus capitis lateralis muscle)  upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)  under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone   C1   위머리빗근(Obliquus capitis superior muscle)  lateral mass of atlas lateral half of the inferior nuchal line   suboccipital nerve  	 아래머리빗근(Obliquus capitis inferior muscle)  spinous process of the axis  lateral mass of atlas   suboccipital nerve  

 목 뒤 
 근육 Origin  Insertion Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
    작은뒤머리곧은근(Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle)  the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)  the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum  a branch of the dorsal primary division of the suboccipital nerve extends the head at the neck, but is now considered to be more of a sensory organ than a muscle    큰뒤머리곧은근(Rectus capitis posterior major muscle)  spinous process of the axis (C2)  inferior nucheal line of the occipital bone   Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)    머리반가시근(semispinalis capitis muscle)   articular processes of C4-C6; transverse processes of C7 and T1-T7   occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines     greater occipital nerve  Extension of the head   머리가장긴근(longissimus capitis muscle)   articular processes of C4-C7; transverse processes of T1-T5 posterior margin of the mastoid process  lateral sacral artery   posterior branch of spinal nerve  Laterally: Flex the head and neck to the same side. Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column.    머리널판근(Splenius capitis muscle)  ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6  Mastoid process   C3, C4 Extend, rotate, and laterally flex the head   위머리빗근(Obliquus capitis superior muscle)  lateral mass of atlas  lateral half of the inferior nuchal line   suboccipital nerve  	
   아래머리빗근(Obliquus capitis inferior muscle)  spinous process of the axis  lateral mass of atlas   suboccipital nerve   

 몸통(torso) 

 등(back) 

 가슴(chest) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   갈비사이근(Intercostal muscles)  ribs 1-11  ribs 2-12  intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves   
   바깥갈비사이근(External intercostal muscles)    intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves  Inhalation  속갈비사이근(Internal intercostal muscles)
   속갈비사이근(Internal intercostal muscles)  rib - inferior border  rib - superior border  intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves  hold ribs steady  바깥갈비사이근(External intercostal muscles)
   맨속갈비사이근(Innermost intercostal muscle)    intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves  Elevate ribs  
   갈비밑근(Subcostales muscle)  inner surface of one rib  inner surface of the second or third rib above, near its angle   intercostal nerves   
   가슴가로근(Transversus thoracis muscle)  costal cartilages of last 3-4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process  ribs/costal cartilages 2-6  intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves  depresses ribs  
   갈비올림근(Levatores costarum muscle)  transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae  superior surfaces of the ribs immediately inferior to the preceding vertebrae   dorsal rami - C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11  Assists in elevation of the thoracic rib cage   뒤톱니근(Serratus posterior muscles)
   아래뒤톱니근(Serratus posterior inferior muscle)  척추뼈T11~L3(vertebrae T11 - L3)  the inferior borders of the 9th through 12th ribs  intercostal arteries  intercostal nerves  depress the lower ribs, aiding in expiration  
   위뒤톱니근(Serratus posterior superior muscle)  목덜미인대(nuchal ligament or ligamentum nuchae), 척추뼈C7에서 T3번의 가시돌기(the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7 through T3)  the upper borders of the 2nd through 5th ribs  intercostal arteries  2nd through 5th intercostal nerves  elevate the ribs which aids in inspiration  
   가로막(횡격막Diaphragm)    pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteries  phrenic and lower intercostal nerves  respiration  


 배(abdomen) 
 근육 이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥(Artery)  신경(Nerve)  Action  대항근
   배가로근(Transversus abdominis muscle)  ribs and the iliac crest  inserts into the pubic tubercle via the conjoint tendon, also known as the falx inguinalis   intercostal nerves T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, genitofemoral nerve  compress the ribs and viscera, providing thoracic and pelvic stability  
   배곧은근(복직근, Rectus abdominis muscle)  두덩뼈(pubis)  5~7번 갈비뼈의 갈비연골(costal cartilages of ribs 5-7), 복장뼈의 칼돌기(xiphoid process of sternum)  inferior epigastric artery  segmentally by thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)  flexion of trunk/lumbar vertebrae  척주세움근(erector spinae muscle)
   배세모근(Pyramidalis muscle)  두덩결합(pubic symphysis), 두덩뼈능선(pubic crest)  백선(linea alba)   subcostal nerve (T12)  tensing the linea alba  
   고환올림근(Cremaster muscle)  고샅인대(inguinal ligament)   cremasteric artery  음부넙다리신경의 음부가지(genital branch of genitofemoral nerve  raise and lower the scrotum)  
   허리네모근(Quadratus lumborum muscle)  iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament  last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae  lumbar arteries, iliolumbar artery  anterior branches of T12, L1, L2, L3, L4  Alone, lateral flexion of vertebral column; Together, depression of thoracic rib cage   빗근(Oblique muscles)
   배바깥빗근(External abdominal oblique muscle)  Lower 8 costae  Crista iliaca, ligamentum inguinale   intercostal nerves T5, T6, T7갈비밑신경(T7), T8, T9, T10, T11, subcostal nerve (T12)   Rotates torso  
   배속빗근(Internal abdominal oblique muscle)  inguinal ligament, iliac crest and the lumbodorsal fascia  linea alba, xiphoid process and the inferior ribs.    intercostal nerves T8, T9, T10, T11, subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve  Compresses abdomen and rotates vertebral column.

 골반(pelvis) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   꼬리근(Coccygeus muscle)  sacrospinous ligament    sacral nerves: S4, S5 or S3-S4 closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis  
  항문올림근(Levator ani muscle)
   엉덩꼬리근(iliococcygeus muscle)  ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia  꼬리뼈(coccyx) and anococcygeal raphe   
 levator ani nerve (S4)
 inferior rectal nerve from 음부신경 (S3, S4)
 coccygeal plexus supports the viscera in pelvic cavity  
   두덩꼬리근(Pubococcygeus muscle)  back of the pubis and from the anterior part of the obturator fascia  꼬리뼈(coccyx) and 엉치뼈(sacrum)   controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm  
   두덩곧창자근(Puborectalis muscle)  lower part of the pubic symphysis     S3, S4. levator ani nerve  inhibit defecation  

 회음(perineum) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근 항문조임근(Anal sphincter muscles)
   바깥항문조임근(External anal sphincter muscle)     S4 and twigs from inferior anal nerves of pudendal nerve  keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces  
   속항문조임근(Internal anal sphincter muscle)     pudendal nerve  keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces  
  얕은샅공간(Superficial perineal pouch)
   얕은샅가로근(Superficial transverse perineal muscle)  anterior part of ischial tuberosity  central point of perineum   pudendal nerve   
   망울해면체근(Bulbospongiosus muscle)  median raphé   perineal artery  pudendal nerve  in males, empties the urethra; in females, clenches the vagina  
   궁둥해면체근(Ischiocavernosus muscle)    perineal artery  pudendal nerve  assists the bulbospongiosus muscle   깊은샅공간(Deep perineal pouch)
   깊은샅가로근(Deep transverse perineal muscle)  inferior rami of the 궁둥뼈(ischium)  its fellow of the opposite side  pudendal nerve    
   바깥요도조임근(External urethral sphincter muscle)  junction of the inferior rami of the pubis and 궁둥뼈(ischium) to the extent of 1.25–2 cm., and from the neighboring fasciæ  its fellow of the opposite side   perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)  Constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence  


 팔(상지, Upper limb) 

 척추 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   등세모근(승모근, Trapezius muscle)  down the midline, from the external occipital protuberance, the nuchal ligament, the medial part of the superior nuchal line, and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7-T12  at the shoulders, into the lateral third of the 빗장뼈(clavicle), the acromion process and into the spine of the scapula transverse cervical artery  major nerve supply is the cranial nerve XI. cervical nerves C3 and C4 receive information about pain in this muscle  retraction and elevation of 어깨뼈(scapula).   앞톱니근(전거근, Serratus anterior muscle)
   넓은등근(광배근, 활배근, Latissimus dorsi muscle)  spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs  floor of intertubercular groove of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery  thoracodorsal nerve  pulls the forelimb dorsally and caudally  어깨세모근(삼각근, Deltoid muscle), 등세모근(승모근, Trapezius muscle)
   마름근(능형근, rhomboid muscle)  nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae  medial border of the scapula  dorsal scapular artery   dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)  Retracts the 어깨뼈(scapula) and rotates it to depress the 접시오목(glenoid cavity). fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall.  앞톱니근(전거근, Serratus anterior muscle)
   큰마름근(rhomboid major muscle)  spinous processes of the T2 to T5 vertebrae  medial border of the scapula, inferior to the insertion of rhomboid minor muscle  dorsal scapular artery  dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)  Retracts the 어깨뼈(scapula) and rotates it to depress the 접시오목(glenoid cavity). It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall.  앞톱니근(전거근, Serratus anterior muscle)
   작은마름근(rhomboid minor muscle)  nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae  medial border of the scapula, superior to the insertion of rhomboid major muscle  dorsal scapular artery  dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)  Retracts the 어깨뼈(scapula) and rotates it to depress the 접시오목(glenoid cavity). It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall.  앞톱니근(전거근, Serratus anterior muscle)
   어깨올림근(견갑거근, levator scapulae muscle)  posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae  superior part of medial border of scapula  dorsal scapular artery  cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)  Elevates 어깨뼈(scapula) and tilts its 접시오목(glenoid cavity) inferiorly by rotating scapula 

 흉벽(Thoracic walls) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   큰가슴근(대흉근, pectoralis major muscle)  anterior surface of the medial half of the 빗장뼈(clavicle). Sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum, the superior six costal cartilages  intertubercular groove of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk  lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve Clavicular head: C5 and C6Sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1  Clavicular head: flexes the 위팔뼈(humerus)Sternocostal head: extends the humerusAs a whole, adducts and medially rotates the 위팔뼈(humerus). It also draws the 어깨뼈(scapula) anteriorly and inferiorly.    작은가슴근(소흉근, pectoralis minor muscle)  3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages  medial border and superior surface of the 어깨뼈(scapula)의 부리돌기(오훼돌기, coracoid process)  Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk  Medial pectoral nerves (C8, T1)  stabilizes the 어깨뼈(scapula) by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall    빗장밑근(subclavius muscle)  first rib  subclavian groove of 빗장뼈(clavicle)  thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch  nerve to subclavius  Depresses the 빗장뼈(clavicle)    앞톱니근(전거근, Serratus anterior muscle)  fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs  costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula  lateral thoracic artery (upper part), thoracodorsal artery (lower part)  long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7)  protract and stabilize 어깨뼈(scapula), assists in upward rotation  큰마름근(Rhomboid major muscle), 작은마름근(Rhomboid minor muscle), 등세모근(승모근, Trapezius muscle)


 어깨 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   어깨세모근(삼각근, Deltoid muscle)  빗장뼈(clavicle), acromion, spine of the scapula  deltoid tuberosity of 위팔뼈(humerus)  primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery  Axillary nerve  shoulder abduction, flexion and extension  넓은등근(광배근, 활배근, Latissimus dorsi muscle)
   큰원근(대원근teres major muscle)  posterior aspect of the inferior angle of the 어깨뼈(scapula)  medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries  Lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6)  Internal rotation of the 위팔뼈(humerus)     돌림근띠(회전근개, Rotator cuff)
   가시위근(극상근supraspinatus muscle)  supraspinous fossa of 어깨뼈(scapula)  superior facet of greater tubercle of 위팔뼈(humerus)  suprascapular artery  suprascapular nerve  abduction of arm and stabilizes 위팔뼈(humerus)  가시아래근(극하근infraspinatus muscle), 작은원근(소원근, teres minor muscle), 큰가슴근(대흉근, pectoralis major muscle), 그리고 넓은등근(latissimus dorsi muscle)
   가시아래근(극하근infraspinatus muscle)  infraspinous fossa of the 어깨뼈(scapula)  middle facet of greater tubercle of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries  suprascapular nerve  Lateral rotation of arm & Adduction of arm and stabilizes 위팔뼈(humerus)  어깨밑근(subscapularis muscle), 큰가슴근(대흉근, pectoralis major muscle), 그리고 넓은등근(광배근, 활배근, Latissimus dorsi muscle)
   작은원근(소원근, teres minor muscle)  lateral border of the 어깨뼈(scapula)  inferior facet of greater tubercle of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  posterior circumflex humeral artery and the circumflex scapular artery  axillary nerve  laterally rotates and adducts the arm  어깨밑근)subscapularis muscle), 큰가슴근(대흉근, pectoralis major muscle), 그리고 넓은등근(광배근, 활배근, Latissimus dorsi muscle)
   어깨밑근(subscapularis muscle)  subscapular fossa  lesser tubercle of 위팔뼈(humerus)  subscapular artery  upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)  rotates medially 위팔뼈(humerus); stabilizes shoulder  가시아래근(infraspinatus muscle)와 작은원근(teres minor muscle)


 위팔(상완, arm) 

 위팔 앞면 
 근육  이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥  신경  동작  대항근
   부리위팔근(coracobrachialis muscle)  어깨뼈(scapula)의 부리돌기(오훼돌기, coracoid process)  위팔뼈(humerus) 중간(medial)  위팔동맥(brachial artery)  근육피부신경(musculocutaneous nerve)  어깨관절(shoulder joint)에서의 구부리기(flexion)    위팔두갈래근(상완이두근, biceps brachii muscle)  짧은갈래(short head): 어깨뼈(scapula)의 부리돌기(오훼돌기, coracoid process).긴갈래(long head): 오목위결절(supraglenoid tubercle)  노뼈거친면(radial tuberosity)  위팔동맥(brachial artery)  근육피부신경(Musculocutaneous nerve)의 가쪽다발(Lateral cord): 다섯째 목신경(cervical spinal nerve 5, C5), 여섯째 목신경(cervical spinal nerve 6, C6), 일곱째 목신경(cervical spinal nerve 7, C7))  팔꿈치관절(Elbow-joint)을 구부리고(flex), 아래팔(forearm)을 뒤친다.(supinate)  위팔세갈래근(Triceps brachii muscle)
   위팔근(brachialis muscle)  위팔뼈(humerus)의 앞쪽면, 부분적으로는 이 뼈의 먼 반쪽(distal half)  자뼈(ulna)의 갈고리돌기(coronoid process)와 자뼈거친면(tuberosity of the ulna)  노쪽되돌이동맥(radial recurrent artery)  근육피부신경(musculocutaneous nerve)  팔꿈치관절(elbow joint)에서의 구부리기(flexion)  

 위팔 뒷면 
 근육  이는곳(Origin)  닿는곳(Insertion)  동맥  신경  Action  대항근
   위팔세갈래근(상완삼두근, triceps brachii muscle)  긴갈래(long head):어깨뼈(scapula)의 오목아래결절(Infraglenoid tubercle)가쪽갈래(lateral head): 위팔뼈 뒤쪽 - 노신경고랑(요골신경구, radial groove) 위안쪽갈래(medial head): 위팔뼈 뒤-노신경고랑(radial groove) 아래  자뼈(ulna)의 팔꿈치머리(olecranon) 돌기(process)  깊은위팔동맥(Deep brachial artery, Profunda brachii artery)  노신경(radial nerve)  아래팔(forearm) 펴기(extension), 긴갈래(long head; caput longum)의 어깨(shoulder) 모으기(adduct)  위팔두갈래근(Biceps brachii muscle)
   팔꿈치근(anconeus muscle)  위팔뼈의 가쪽위관절융기(Lateral epicondyle of the humerus)  팔꿈치머리(olecranon) 돌기의 가쪽과 자뼈(ulna) 뒷면의 위쪽  깊은위팔동맥(Deep brachial artery, Profunda brachii artery), 되돌이뼈사이동맥(recurrent interosseous artery)  노신경(radial nerve: 일곱째 목신경(cervical spinal nerve 7, C7), 여덟째 목신경(cervical spinal nerve 8, C8), 첫째 가슴신경(thoracic spinal nerve 1, T1))  partly blended in with the 위팔세갈래근(triceps), which it assists in extension of the forearm. Stabilises the elbow and abducts the ulna during pronation.  

 아래팔(전완, forearm) 

 아래팔 앞면 

 아래팔 앞 표면 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   원엎침근(pronator teres muscle)  humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)  ulnar head: coronoid process of the ulna  노뼈(radius) pronator tuberosity  ulnar artery and radial artery  median nerve  pronation of forearm, flexes elbow  손뒤침근(Supinator muscle)
    노쪽손목굽힘근(flexor carpi radialis muscle)  medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)  Bases of second and third metacarpal bones  ulnar artery  median nerve  Flexion and abduction at wrist  짧은노쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle), 긴노쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle)
   긴손바닥근(palmaris longus muscle)  medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)  palmar aponeurosis  ulnar artery  median nerve  wrist flexor  짧은노쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle), 긴노쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle), 자쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle)
   자쪽손목굽힘근(flexor carpi ulnaris muscle)  medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon)  pisiform  ulnar artery  muscular branches of ulnar nerve  flexion and adduction of wrist  자쪽손목폄근(Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle)
   얕은손가락굽힘근(flexor digitorum superficialis muscle)  medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), as well as parts of the 노뼈(radius) and 자뼈(ulna).  phalanges II-V  ulnar artery median nerve  flexor of fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints)  손가락폄근(Extensor digitorum muscle)


 아래팔 앞 속 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   네모엎침근(pronator quadratus muscle)  medial, anterior surface of the ulna  lateral, anterior surface of the radius  anterior interosseous artery  median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)  pronates the forearm  손뒤침근(Supinator muscle)
   깊은손가락굽힘근(flexor digitorum profundus muscle)  자뼈(ulna)  distal phalanges  anterior interosseous artery  median (anterior interosseous), muscular branches of ulnar  flex hand, interphalangeal joints  손가락폄근(Extensor digitorum muscle)
   긴엄지굽힘근(flexor pollicis longus muscle)  The middle 2/4 of the Volar surface of the radius and the adjacent interosseus membrane. (Also occasionally a small origin slightly on the medial epicondyle of the 자뼈(ulna).)  The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb  Anterior interosseous artery  Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve) (C8, T1)  Flexion of the thumb  긴엄지폄근(Extensor pollicis longus muscle), 짧은엄지폄근(Extensor pollicis brevis muscle)


 아래팔 뒷면 

 아래팔 뒷 표면 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   손가락폄근(extensor digitorum muscle)  lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)  2nd-5th phalange   posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extension of hand and fingers  얕은손가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle), 깊은손가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum profundus muscle)
   새끼폄근(extensor digiti minimi muscle)  the anterior portion of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor tendon)  extensor expansion, located at the base of the proximal phalanx of the finger on the dorsal side  posterior interosseous artery which originates from the common interosseous artery and more proximally, the ulnar artery  posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extends the little finger at all joints  짧은새끼굽힘근(Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle)
   자쪽손목폄근(extensor carpi ulnaris muscle)  Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle), 자뼈(ulna)  5th metacarpal  ulnar artery  posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extends and adducts the wrist  자쪽손목굽힘근(Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle)
  유동뭉치(Mobile wad)
   위팔노근(brachioradialis)  Lateral supracondylar ridge of the 위팔뼈(humerus)  Distal radius (Radial styloid process)  radial recurrent artery  노신경(radial nerve)  Flexion of forearm    긴노쪽손목폄근(extensor carpi radialis longus muscle)  lateral supracondylar ridge  2nd metacarpal  radial artery  노신경(radial nerve)  extensor at the wrist joint, abducts the hand at the wrist  노쪽손목굽힘근(Flexor carpi radialis muscle)
   짧은노쪽손목폄근(extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle)  위팔뼈(humerus) at the anterior of lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)  base of the 3rd metacarpal  radial artery  posterior interosseus nerve  extensor and abductor of the hand at the wrist joint  노쪽손목굽힘근(Flexor carpi radialis muscle)


 아래팔 뒷 속 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   손뒤침근(supinator muscle)  Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, supinator crest of 자뼈(ulna), radial collateral ligament, annular ligament  Lateral proximal radial shaft  radial recurrent artery  posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8)  supinates forearm  원엎침근(Pronator teres muscle), 네모엎침근(Pronator quadratus muscle]]
   집게폄근(extensor indicis muscle)  자뼈(ulna)  index finger (extensor hood)   posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extends index finger, wrist   해부코담배갑(Anatomical snuffbox)
   긴엄지벌림근(abductor pollicis longus muscle)  자뼈(ulna), radial styloid process  first metacarpal   posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  abduction, extension of thumb  엄지모음근(Adductor pollicis muscle)
   짧은엄지폄근(extensor pollicis brevis muscle)  노뼈(radius)  thumb, proximal phalanx  posterior interosseous artery  posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extension of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint  긴엄지굽힘근(Flexor pollicis longus muscle), 짧은엄지굽힘근(Flexor pollicis brevis muscle)
   긴엄지폄근(extensor pollicis longus muscle)  자뼈(ulna)  thumb, distal phalanx   posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)  extension of the thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal)  긴엄지굽힘근(Flexor pollicis longus muscle), 짧은엄지굽힘근(Flexor pollicis brevis muscle)


 손 

 가쪽 손바닥(Lateral palmar) 

 엄지두덩(Thenar eminence) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   엄지맞섬근(opponens pollicis muscle)  큰마름뼈(Trapezium)과 굽힘근지지띠(flexor retinaculum)  metacarpal bone of the thumb on its radial side  superficial palmar arch  median nerve  Opposition of the thumb    짧은엄지굽힘근(flexor pollicis brevis muscle)  trapezoid, flexor retinaculum  thumb, proximal phalanx  superficial palmar arch  median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head)  Flexes the thumb  긴엄지폄근(Extensor pollicis longus muscle), 짧은엄지폄근(Extensor pollicis brevis muscle)
   짧은엄지벌림근(abductor pollicis brevis muscle)  Transverse carpal ligament, the scaphoid and trapezium  Radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and the thumb extensors  superficial palmar arch  Median nerve  Abducts the thumb  엄지모음근(Adductor pollicis muscle)
   엄지모음근(adductor pollicis muscle)  Transverse head: anterior body of the third metacarpalOblique head: bases of the second and the third metacarpals and the adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones  medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and the ulnar sesamoid  deep palmar arch  deep branch of ulnar nerve (T1)  adducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint  긴엄지벌림근(Abductor pollicis longus muscle), 짧은엄지벌림근(Abductor pollicis brevis muscle)


 안쪽 손바닥(Medial palmar) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   짧은손바닥근(palmaris brevis muscle)  flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis  palm   superficial branch of ulnar nerve  wrinkle skin of palm  새끼두덩(Hypothenar eminence)

   새끼벌림근(Abductor digiti minimi muscle)  pisiform  base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit on the ulnar or medial side  ulnar artery  deep branch of ulnar nerve  Abduction of little finger    짧은새끼굽힘근(Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle)  hamate bone  little finger  ulnar artery  deep branch of ulnar nerve  flexes little finger  새끼폄근(extensor digiti minimi muscle)
   새끼맞섬근(opponens digiti minimi muscle)  Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum  Medial border of 5th metacarpal  ulnar artery  deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)  Draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb  

 중간(Intermediate) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   벌레근(Lumbrical muscles)  flexor digitorum profundus  extensor expansion  superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery  deep branch of ulnar nerve, median nerve  flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints    등쪽뼈사이근(Dorsal interossei muscle)  metacarpals  proximal phalanges  Dorsal metacarpal artery and palmar metacarpal artery  deep branch of ulnar nerve  abduct finger  바닥쪽뼈사이근(Palmar interossei muscles)
   바닥쪽뼈사이근(palmar interossei muscles)  metacarpals  proximal phalange   deep branch of ulnar nerve  adduction  

 다리(하지, Lower limb) 

 엉덩뼈 부위 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   엉덩허리근(iliopsoas muscle)  iliac fossa (iliacus), 엉치뼈(sacrum) (iliacus), spine (T12, L1, lumbar vertebrapsoas major, psoas minor)exrx.net  넙다리뼈(femur)—lesser trochanter (psoas major/minor), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus)  medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery  femoral nerve, Lumbar nerves L1, L2   flexion of hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor)  큰볼기근(Gluteus maximus muscle), 넓적다리의 뒷부분(posterior compartment of thigh)
   큰허리근(Psoas major muscle)  transverse processes, bodies and discs of T12-L5  in the lesser trochanter of the 넙다리뼈(femur)  Iliolumbar artery  Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 193
  flexes and rotates laterally thigh  큰볼기근(Gluteus maximus muscle)
   작은허리근(Psoas minor muscle)  Side of T12+L1 and IV Disc between  Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence   L1  Weak trunk flexor  큰볼기근(Gluteus maximus muscle)
   엉덩근(iliacus muscle)  엉덩뼈오목(iliac fossa)  lesser trochanter of 넙다리뼈(femur)  medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery  femoral nerve (L2, L3)  flexes hipGosling et al. 2008, p. 200  큰볼기뼈(Gluteus maximus muscle)


 볼기 부위(Gluteal) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근  넙다리근막긴장근(tensor fasciae latae muscle)  iliac crest  iliotibial tract  primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, Superior gluteal artery  Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5)  Thigh - flexion, medial rotation. Trunk stabilization.    볼기근(Gluteal muscles)
   큰볼기근(gluteus maximus muscle)  Gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, 엉치뼈(sacrum), sacrotuberous ligament  Gluteal tuberosity of the 넙다리뼈(femur), iliotibial tract  superior and inferior gluteal arteries  inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots)  external rotation and extension of the hip joint, supports the extended knee through the iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting  엉덩근(Iliacus muscle), 큰허리근(Psoas major muscle), 작은허리근(Psoas minor muscle)
   중간볼기근(gluteus medius muscle)  Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus  Greater trochanter of the 넙다리뼈(femur)  superior gluteal artery  superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)  abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh.  가쪽돌림근집단(lateral rotator group)
   작은볼기근(gluteus minimus muscle)  Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius.  Greater trochanter of the 넙다리뼈(femur)  superior gluteal artery  superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)  Works in concert with gluteus medius: abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh.  가쪽돌림근집단(lateral rotator group)
    가쪽돌림근집단(lateral rotator group)  at or below the acetabulum of the ilium  on or near the greater trochanter of the 넙다리뼈(femur)  Inferior gluteal artery, Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery  Obturator nerve, nerve to the Piriformis, nerve to quadratus femoris  lateral rotation of hip  작은볼기근(Gluteus minimus muscle), 중간볼기근(Gluteus medius muscle)
   궁둥구멍근(piriformis muscle)  엉치뼈(sacrum)  greater trochanter  Inferior gluteal artery, Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery  nerve to the Piriformis (S1 and S2 nerve roots)Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 217  laterally rotate (outward) the thigh    바깥폐쇄근(obturator externus muscle)  obturator foramen and obturatory membrane  medial aspect of greater trochanter of 넙다리뼈(femur)  obturator artery  posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4)  adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh    속폐쇄근(obturator internus muscle)  Ischiopubic ramus & obturator membrane  medial aspect of the Greater trochanter   Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)  Abducts & rotates laterally thigh, and stabiliser of the hip during walking    아래쌍동근(inferior gemellus muscle)  Ischial tuberosity  Obturator internus tendon   Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1)  Rotates laterally thigh    위쌍동근(superior gemellus muscle)  spine of the ischium  Obturator internus tendon   Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) Rotates laterally thigh    넙다리네모근(대퇴방형근, quadratus femoris muscle)  ischial tuberosity  intertrochanteric crest  inferior gluteal artery  nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, -S1)  lateral rotation of thigh  

 넓적다리(윗다리, thigh) 

 넓적다리 앞부분 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근  무릎관절근(articularis genus muscle)  넙다리뼈(femur)  suprapatellar bursa  femoral artery  femoral nerve  Pulling the suprapatellar bursa during extension of the knee.    넙다리빗근(sartorius muscle)  superior to the anterior superior iliac spine  medial side of the upper 정강뼈(tibia) in the pes anserinus  femoral artery  femoral nerve  flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh; flexion and medial rotation of leg    넙다리네갈래근(대퇴사두근, quadriceps femoris muscle)  넙다리곧은근(rectus femoris)과 넓은근(vastus muscles)이 함께  무릎뼈(patella)와 정강뼈거친면(Tibial tuberosity)이 무릎인대(Patellar ligament)를 통하여  넙다리동맥(femoral artery)  넙다리신경(Femoral nerve)  무릎 펴기(Extension); 볼기(Hip) 굽히기(flexion) (R.Fem.만)  넙다리뒤근육(Hamstring)
   넙다리곧은근(rectus femoris muscle)  anterior inferior iliac spine and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the iliac portion of the acetabulum  무릎뼈(patella) and Tibial tuberosity via the Patellar ligament  femoral artery  femoral nerve  knee extension; hip flexion  넙다리뒤근육(Hamstring)
   가쪽넓은근(vastus lateralis muscle)  Greater trochanter, Intertrochanteric line, and Linea aspera of the 넙다리뼈(femur)  무릎뼈(patella) and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament  femoral artery  femoral nerve  Extends and stabilizes knee  넙다리뒤근육(Hamstring)
   중간넓은근(vastus intermedius muscle)  antero/ lateral 넙다리뼈(femur)  무릎뼈(patella) and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament  femoral artery  femoral nerve  extends knee  넙다리뒤근육(Hamstring)
   안쪽넓은근(vastus medialis muscle)  넙다리뼈(femur)  무릎뼈(patella) and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament  femoral artery  femoral nerve  extends knee  넙다리뒤근육(Hamstring)


 넓적다리 뒷부분/넙다리뒤근육(hamstring, 슬와근, 오금) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   넙다리두갈래근(대퇴이두근, biceps femoris muscle)  긴갈래(long head): 궁둥뼈결절(Ischial tuberosity, tuberosity of the ischium), 짧은갈래(short head): 넙다리뼈(femur)의 거친선(linea aspera)Gosling 2008, p. 273  정강뼈의 가쪽관절융기(Lateral condyle of tibia)의 뒷면과 관절로 연결된 종아리뼈머리(head of the fibula)  아래볼기동맥(inferior gluteal artery), 관통동맥(perforating arteries), 오금동맥(popliteal artery)  긴갈래(long head): 궁둥신경(sciatic nerve)의 안쪽(정강뼈쪽) 부분, 짧은갈래(short head): 궁둥신경(sciatic nerve)의 가쪽(종아리뼈쪽(common fibular)) 부분(  무릎관절(knee joint) 구부리기(flexion), 무릎이 구부러져 있을 때 무릎의 다리를 바깥쪽으로 회전하기(lateral rotation), 엉덩관절(hip joint) 펴기(Extension)(긴갈래만)  넙다리네모근(대퇴사두근, Quadriceps femoris muscle)
   반힘줄근(semitendinosus muscle)  tuberosity of the ischium  pes anserinus  inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries  sciatic (tibial, L5, S1, S2)  flexes knee, extends hip joint, medially rotates leg at knee 넙다리네모근(Quadriceps femoris muscle)
   반막근(semimembranosus muscle)  tuberosity of the ischium  Medial surface of 정강뼈(tibia)  profunda femoris, gluteal artery  sciatic nerve  flexes knee, extends hip joint, medially rotates leg at knee  넙다리네모근(Quadriceps femoris muscle)


 넓적다리 안쪽 부분 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
  엉덩이의 모음근(Adductor muscles of the hip)  pubis  넙다리뼈(femur), 정강뼈(tibia)   obturator nerve  adduction of hip    두덩정강근(gracilis muscle)  inferior pubic ramusGosling et al. 2008, p. 266  정강뼈(tibia) (pes anserinus)  obturator artery  anterior branch of obturator nerve  adduction of hip, flexion of hip, medial rotation of knee    두덩근(pectineus muscle)  superior pubic ramus  lesser trochanter, linea aspera  Obturator artery  femoral nerve, sometimes obturator nerve  flexion & adduction of hip    짧은모음근(adductor brevis muscle)  anterior surface of the inferior pubic ramus  the lesser trochanter and linea aspera of the 넙다리뼈(femur) obturator artery  anterior branch of obturator nerve  adduction of hip    긴모음근(adductor longus muscle)  pubic body just below the pubic crest  middle third of linea aspera  obturator artery  anterior branch of obturator nerve  adduction & medial rotation of hip    큰모음근(adductor magnus muscle)  tuberosity of the ischium  넙다리뼈(femur) and adductor tubercle of femur obturator artery  posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve  adduction of hip 

 종아리(아랫다리, leg) 

 종아리 앞면 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   앞정강근(tibialis anterior muscle)  body of tibia  medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot  anterior tibial artery  Deep Fibular (peroneal) nerve  dorsiflex and invert the foot  Fibularis longus, Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris, 뒤정강근(Tibialis posterior muscle)
   긴엄지폄근(extensor hallucis longus muscle)  middle portion of the 종아리뼈(fibula) on the anterior surface and the interosseous membrane  dorsal side of the base of the distal phalanx of the Hallux  anterior tibial artery  Deep Fibular (peroneal) nerve  Extends the big toe and assists in dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle. Also is a weak invertor  긴엄지굽힘근(Flexor hallucis longus muscle), 짧은엄지굽힘근(Flexor hallucis brevis muscle)
   긴발가락폄근(extensor digitorum longus muscle)  Lateral Condyle of tibia and superior ¾ of interosseous membrane  Middle and Distal phalanges of lateral four digits  anterior tibial artery  Deep Fibular (peroneal) nerve  extension of toes and ankle  긴발가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum longus muscle), 짧은발가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum brevis muscle)
   셋째종아리근(Peroneus tertius muscle)  distal anterior surface of the 종아리뼈(fibula)  dorsal surface of metatarsal 5  anterior tibial artery  Deep Fibular (peroneal) nerve  dorsi flexes and everts foot  

 종아리 뒷면 

 종아리 뒷 표면 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   장딴지세갈래근(하퇴삼두근, triceps surae muscle)   발꿈치힘줄(Calcaneal tendon, Achilles tendon), 발꿈치뼈(calcaneus)  뒤정강동맥(posterior tibial artery)  정강신경(tibial nerve)  발을 곧게 펴기(plantarflexion)    장딴지근(gastrocnemius muscle)  medial and Lateral condyle of the femur  calcaneus  sural arteries  tibial nerve from the sciatic, specifically, nerve roots S1, S2  plantarflexion, flexion of knee (minor)  앞정강근(Tibialis anterior muscle)
   가자미근(soleus muscle)  종아리뼈(fibula), medial border of 정강뼈(tibia) (soleal line)  tendo calcaneus sural arteries  tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2  plantarflexion  앞정강근(tibialis anterior muscle)
   장딴지빗근(plantaris muscle)  lateral supracondylar ridge of 넙다리뼈(femur) above lateral head of gastrocnemius  tendo calcaneus (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon)  sural arteries  tibial nerve  Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee  앞정강근(Tibialis anterior muscle)


 종아리 뒷 속 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   오금근(popliteus muscle)  middle facet of the lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle  posterior 정강뼈(tibia) under the tibial condyles  popliteal artery  tibial nerve  Medial rotation and flexion of knee  발목굴(tarsal tunnel)
   긴엄지굽힘근/장무지굴근(flexor hallucis longus) 종아리뼈(fibula), posterior aspect of upper 1/3  base of distal phalanx of hallux  Peroneal artery (peroneal branch of the posterior tibial artery  tibial nerve, S1, S2 nerve roots  flexes all joints of the Hallux, plantar flexion of the ankle joint  Extensor hallucis longus muscle
   긴발가락굽힘근(flexor digitorum longus muscle)  medial 정강뼈(tibia)  distal phalanges of lateral four digits  posterior tibial artery  Tibial nerve  Primary action is Flex digits  긴발가락폄근(Extensor digitorum longus muscle), 짧은발가락폄근(Extensor digitorum brevis muscle)
   뒤정강근(tibialis posterior muscle)  정강뼈(tibia), 종아리뼈(fibula)  navicular, medial cuneiform  posterior tibial artery  tibial nerve  inversion of the foot, plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle  앞정강근(Tibialis anterior muscle)


 종아리 옆면 
종아리근(fibularis muscles):
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   긴종아리근(fibularis longus muscle)  종아리뼈(fibula)  first metatarsal, medial cuneiform  fibular (peroneal) artery  superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve  plantarflexion, eversion  앞정강근(Tibialis anterior muscle)
   짧은종아리근(fibularis brevis muscle)  종아리뼈(fibula)  fifth metatarsal  fibular (peroneal) artery  superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve plantarflexion, eversion 

 발 

 발등 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   짧은발가락폄근(extensor digitorum brevis muscle)  calcaneus  toes   deep peroneal nerve  extends digits 2, 3, and 4  긴발가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum longus muscle), 짧은발가락굽힘근(Flexor digitorum brevis muscle)
   짧은엄지폄근(extensor hallucis brevis muscle)  calcaneus base of proximal phalanx of hallux   deep peroneal nerve  Extension of hallux  짧은엄지굽힘근(Flexor hallucis brevis muscle)


 발바닥 

 첫번째 층(1st layer) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   엄지벌림근(abductor hallucis muscle) medial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit   medial plantar nerve  abducts hallux  엄지모음근(Adductor hallucis muscle)
   짧은발가락굽힘근(flexor digitorum brevis muscle) medial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa middle phalanges of digits 2-5   medial plantar nerve  flexes lateral four toes  긴발가락폄근(Extensor digitorum longus muscle), 짧은발가락폄근(Extensor digitorum brevis muscle)
   새끼벌림근(Abductor digiti minimi muscle)  Plantar aponeurosis  Fifth toe or Phalanges  lateral plantar artery  lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2)  flex and abduct the fifth toe  짧은새끼굽힘근(Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle)


 두번째 층(2nd layer) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   발바닥네모근(quadratus plantae muscle)  발꿈치뼈(Calcaneus_  Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus   lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2)  Assists Flexor Digitorum Longus in flexion of DIP joints    벌레근(Lumbrical muscle) tendons of flexor digitorum longus medial aspect of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four digits  lateral plantar artery and plantar arch, and four plantar metatarsal arteries  lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical)  maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints  

 세번째 층(3rd layer) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   짧은엄지굽힘근(flexor hallucis brevis muscle)     medial plantar nerve  flex hallux  긴엄지폄근(Extensor hallucis longus muscle)
   엄지모음근(adductor hallucis muscle)     lateral plantar nerve  adducts hallux  엄지벌림근(Abductor hallucis muscle)
   짧은새끼굽힘근(flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle)  fifth metatarsal bone  phalanx of the fifth toe  lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch) extend and adduct the fifth toe  새끼벌림근(Abductor digiti minimi muscle)


 네번째 층(4th layer) 
 근육 Origin  Insertion  Artery  Nerve  Action  대항근
   등쪽뼈사이근(Dorsal interossei muscle)     Lateral plantar nerve  abduct toes  바닥쪽뼈사이근(Plantar interossei muscles)
   바닥쪽뼈사이근(plantar interossei muscles)  metatarsals  proximal phalanges   Lateral plantar nerve  adduct toes  등쪽뼈사이근(Dorsal interossei muscle)


 신경 분포(innervation) 

 같이 보기 
 부가적 근육(Accessory muscle)
 근육계통
 인체골격
 인체 뼈 목록
 인체 혈관
 해부학 용어
 위치에 대한 해부학 용어
 운동에 대한 해부학 용어
 근육에 대한 해부학 용어
 인체 신경 목록
 혈관
 순환계통
 KMLE (의학검색엔진)

 참조 

 외부 링크 
 KMLE 의학검색엔진
 https://web.archive.org/web/20061027222851/http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/dissector/muscles/muscles.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20090930203009/http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/
 https://web.archive.org/web/20061006060904/http://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas2/
 Tutorial and quizzes on skeletal muscular anatomy
 Muscles of human body (also here)

분류:인체 해부학에 관한 목록
분류:근육