Vak A̱taintuut Tafaa̱byin

Vak A̱taintuut Tafaa̱byin hu kuyet shiri̱ya ngwat nvak nyia̱ na shyia̱ di̱n nyat a̱wot na ka san á̱ka̱sa njhyang á̱ nyia̱ tam ma̱ na mbwak a̱niet ca̱t kwai ka̱nka̱rang ba ka shot da a̱ka̱kpat A̱za a̱keang tung A̱meri̱ka ma̱ng A̱tak a̱keang Ka̱na̱da.  Ba ka khwo A̱fi̱rika ma̱ng A̱fi̱rika A̱meri̱ka ba̱ shot mbwak da̱ khwo ka ma̱ angang ma̱nang centuri̱ 16 ma̱ng a̱ghyang ba shwot a̱ni si̱ shyia̱ san bah. A̱wot a̱nyia̱ , nwuna̱lyiat ssai a̱ka̱sa á̱ lyen hu a̱mgba̱m ma̱ng a̱lyoot Vsk Ataintuut Tafas̱byin á̱ ku tsa jhya hu mi̱ ndyia̱ 1780s tsatsak a̱ka̱sa a̱ka̱keang  á̱ ku gbi̱ri̱m mi̱ A̱za. Hu ku ya a̱kai A̱za a̱wot hu si̱ laai kuzang jen si̱ ma̱nang Tak kpa̱sai shyia̱ sa̱t ku ntyia̱ bwak mi̱ 1863 mbwak A̱kwaka̱son A̱byin wu Ibrahim Li̱nkon. A̱niet ca̱t tyong shot ba̱ si̱ ca̱t a̱ba̱kum mumwang ba̱ nshot nat a̱si̱tet ku na byia̱ mba swat nyinying a̱ a̱ni, a̱wot ba̱ dam ku kyiak a̱ ja o ba tat a̱byin Canada.

Vak a̱taintuut Tafaa̱byin ka kyiak neet ma̱ tyan ji á̱ nnyia̱ khwo a̱ni. Nvak na si̱ kai di si̱sak nang ndi wa a̱ni mȧ̱ng jhya mbwak a̱di̱dam a̱tyubishyi da̱ a̱ka̱cyet - a̱ka̱ghyui, The routes followed natural and man-made modes of transportation - rivers, canals, bays, ma̱ A̱talanti̱k Coast, a̱gi̱ri̱gi̱ a̱sa̱khwot ma̱ng a̱ghyui bei, vak ma̱ng a̱taintuut. A̱gaat a̱vwuo ka shyia̱ kpa̱nkpaan ma̱ a̱ka̱tyan, si̱sak nang á̱ wai teang kurum a̱ni ma̱ng a̱gi̱ga̱k swanta si̱ tyia̱i a̱niet swoot. 

Wuna̱lyiat hu, ku yet ta̱m si̱ nwei teang kurum ma̱ng a̱khwo Á̱niet A̱fi̱rika A̱merika, ku beang mba mbwak a̱niet gbi̱ri̱m ma̱ng a̱niet fwuong shok a̱gyang si̱ mi̱n a̱ khwuat a̱nietca̱tshot. A̱niet khwo ba nyanyan bya ku tyia̱ swuan ba ma̱ a̱bung ya̱baat ma̱ng a̱gyang ba ba̱ ku niat mba a̱ni meang ku yet a̱niet a̱ ku saai á̱ kyiak mba mȧ̱nang a̱pasenja byia̱ a̱ni ma̱ng a̱ka̱bwu mota a̱ si̱ taintuut bya, ma̱ shwoshwuon. Various other routes led to Mexico, A̱vwuo ka a̱khwo ba ku ncuyok a̱ni, ma̱ng A̱zabyin mi̱ kari̱bi̱ya ba ku yet kap a̱khwo a̱niet a̱bwuanng bah. A̱wot a̱shot swak ka ku kai vak ncung kai a̱ca̱caat a̱tyin Florida, a̱wot Panit hu ba ku ci̱t hu (ka̱nang ndyia̱ 1763–1783), hu si̱ ya a̱son neet a̱zanson ndyia̱ 17th si̱ nang a̱tyan ndyia̱ 1790. A̱ca̱caat njen Zwang A̱saibung A̱merika, a̱niet ca̱t swat nyinyang si̱ shoot mbwak lang muna̱pyia̱ ba mi̱ A̱tyin ba ka shyia̱ swat nyinyang mba hu. A̱tyu tyan kyang a̱gyang si̱ nyia̱ dam nyia̱ tat ndyia̱ 1850, ma̱nang tyan a̱khwo 100,000 shyia̱ shot bai swat nyinyang di̱n vak ngwun. Da̱ hyia̱ profeso a̱ kan swak a̱ni Pan-A̱fi̱rika fang J. Blaine Hudson, a̱tyu a̱ ku yet dean si̱ a̱gba̱ndang a̱lifang Arts ma̱ng Tyan ma̱ a̱gba̱ndang a̱lifang si̱ Louisville, ma̱ a̱ca̱caat a̱tyak nzwang A̱saibung ba, shi swak 500,000 á̱niet A̱fi̱rika A̱merika shyia̱ ka̱nka̱ra̱ng Tyok da̱nian khwo ma̱ Taintuut Tafaa̱byin.

 Ya̱fang 

 Sources 





  (heard on All Things Considered)






















A̱son fang



  (Stories about Thomas Garrett, a famous agent on the Underground Railroad)



  (Classic book documenting the Underground Railroad operations in Philadelphia).






 ; winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2017 for its poetical, mythical reflection on the meaning of the Railroad in American history.

Folklore and myth





A̱ka̱fwuop nta

 Underground Railroad – National Park Service (di̱n Shong)
 Underground Railroad: Language of Slavery 
 Underground Railroad Studies 
 Underground Railroad Timeline 
 Friends of the Underground Railroad
 National Underground Railroad Freedom Center

 Underground Railroad in Buffalo and Upstate New York: A bibliography by The Buffalo History Museum
 Newspaper articles and clippings about the Underground Railroad at Newspapers.com


Sa:18th-century establishments in the United States
Sa:1865 disestablishments in the United States
Sa:Abolitionism in the United States
Sa:Secret places in the United States
Sa:Events of National Historic Significance (Canada)
Sa:Fugitive American slaves
Sa:British North America