Ntong A̱rundong

Ntong A̱rundong, Ba na nyei adu̱ndying ntong a ga na tyi na bvwon bu̱ asau ntong n na a̱ yet katsutsrang mtong ka ba  bvwo na byi ryen a shya a tswang rong ni. A̱ yet kyang a bbabyya di kamanda duryen bu̱ ntwak ba na ruk a tyi na  bvwok a tswang rong niA 

Nkkang nok rwak  bu nanok kayat kabyen  and the factors driving current and future demand |url=https://gradprograms.mines.edu/blog/a-history-of-tunneling-and-underground-construction-and-the-factors-driving-current-and-future-demand/ |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=Graduate Programs |language=en-US}}</ref> and roads.

Gunpowder is classified as a low explosive because of its relatively slow decomposition rate, low ignition temperature and consequently low brisance (breaking/shattering). Low explosives deflagrate—burning at subsonic speeds—whereas high explosives detonate, producing a supersonic shockwave. Ignition of gunpowder packed behind a projectile generates enough pressure to force the shot from the muzzle at high speed, but usually not enough force to rupture the gun barrel. It thus makes a good propellant but is less suitable for shattering rock or fortifications with its low-yield explosive power. Nonetheless, it was widely used to fill fused artillery shells (and used in mining and civil engineering projects) until the second half of the 19th century, when the first high explosives were put into use.

Gunpowder is one of the Four Great Inventions of China.Buchanan (2006), p. 42 Originally developed by Taoists for medicinal purposes, it was first used for warfare around AD 904. Its use in weapons has declined due to smokeless powder replacing it, whilst its relative inefficiency led to newer alternatives such as dynamite and ammonium nitrate/fuel oil replacing it in industrial applications.