Faḍma n Sumer

Lalla Faḍma n Sumer d tameṭṭut Taqbaylit ikecmen deg umezruy n tmurt s ibeddi-is deg wudem n

Tameddurt-is
Lalla Faḍma n Summer neɣ Faḍma n At Si Ḥmed U Mezian n Warja, d tameṭṭut i ikecmen deg umezruy n tmurt s ibeddi-is deg wudem n wemnekcan afransis. Tlul deg useggas 1830, aseggas ideg d-kecmen Iṛumyen tamddint n Dzayer, deg taddart n Werja, deg lɛerc n At-Buyusef. Taddart n Werja tezga-d deg webrid yettawin seg Aṣqif n Ṭmana ɣer Tizi n Tirurda, deg wul n Ǧerǧer. Isem n Summer i tewwi Faḍma, d isem n yiwet n taddart nniḍen ur nebɛid ara ɣef Werja anda i tedder Faḍma.

Temẓi-s
Tekker-d deg yiwet n twacult n yemrabḍen, nettat d yiwet n weltma-s d kuẓt (4) watmaten-is. Baba-s Muḥend Ameẓyan At Sidi Ḥmed, yeɣra Leqran, d aɛeggal n Ṭariqa Taṛeḥmanit, i d-yeskker Sidi Ɛebdeṛeḥman Bu sin Iẓekwan deg useggas 1715. Asmi tewweḍ ṣa (7) n yiseggasen deg usemmud-is, tawacult-is teǧǧa Warja, tṛuḥ ɣer Summer anda yuɣal baba-s d Ccix n taddart.

Faḍma tettuṛebba-d, am nettat am teḥdayin n tallit-nni, deg wansayen d leɛwayed n Leqbayel n zik. Maca, tewwi-d tikli nniḍen, yemgarraden d tin tezyiwin-is. Ur tettaɣ ara awal n yimawlan-is, tettefeɣ ɣer beṛṛa ɣer wennar n yergazen, ɣas akken tilawin n yimir-nni amkan-nsen deg wexxam, yerna dɣa ma yella d tamrabeḍt. Teffeɣ d tamnafeqt. Yuɣal d ttawin-tt medden d anzi, tin yekkren ɣer tayeḍ ad as-tini tuɣaleḍ d Lalla n Werja, ma deg yella tefka lebɣi i lebɣi-is, ur teṭṭif ara deg leɛwayed n zik. Baba-s d watmaten-is ḥeṣlen deg-s, tagi d tamsalt n nnif, gma-s akken ad tt-iɛaqeb, ḥebsen-tt deg wexxam acḥal n wussan.

Faḍma tura d tameṭṭut
Asmi tewweḍ 16 n yiseggasen, yenna-as baba-s : A Faḍma, aqli-kem-id tura d tameṭṭut, ilaq-am ad terreḍ axxam. Tenna-as : ur lliɣ seg tid yettarran ixxamen, a-t-an ara yi-d-ttasen kra n temsal meqqren d tid kan ara ḍefreɣ. Baba-s, tebda tkeccem-it tugdi, awal ara yettazal, heddren, qqaren-as, ahat ur teṣfi ara. Akken ad tbeggen tidet, Faḍma terḍa ad teddu d tislit. Yuɣ-itt Yeḥya n At-Buxulaf n taddart n Ɛeskker deg lɛerc n At-Yetturaɣ. Teqqim deg wexxam n wergz-is ṣa (7) wassan tuɣal-d ɣer Summer.

Deg tallit-nni, Aṛumi yebda yettaɣ-d tamurt n Leqayel. Deg 1837, yeṭṭef tamdint n Delles. Ssyin akkin, d nnuba n Budwaw, Tizi n At-Ɛica, Lberj-n-Mnayel, Dreɛ Lmizan d Tizi-Wezzu ad ɣlint ddaw tecḍaḍt-is. Seg yimir-n i iɛewwel ad yeɣḍel Adrar n Nnif, imir-n, i tekcem Faḍma annar umennuɣ.

Ussan n tegrawla
vignette|449x449px|Crif Bubeɣla d Lalla Faḍma N Sumer . 
Deg 1849, tesdukkel amennuɣ d Si Muḥemmed Lhacimi, yiwen n wergaz i yettekkan deg tnekra d-yeskker Bu Taɣaḍt (Bu Meɛza) deg Ḍahra, deg umalu n Lezzayer tamaneɣt. Wagi ṭṭfen-t Iṛumyen ɣer lḥebs deg Fṛansa, yessaweḍ yerwel-d, yuɣal-d ɣer tmurt anda d-yufa yeḥma useqi. Tadukli n sin yelmeẓyen-a, tessaɣ amennuɣ deg yal amkan deg Ǧerǧer, ssawlen i Yeqbayliyen ad beggsen ad nnaɣen mgal acengu. D amennuɣ ara idumen i teɣzi n yiseggasen.

Ssyin akkin, Faḍma n Summer tessunded tanekra n Bu Tserdunt (Bubeɣla) s yisem-is n tidet : Muḥemmed Ben Ɛebdelmalek, i d-yekkan seg tama n utaram. Tessudes amennuɣ deg Ǧerǧer, tuɣal d ccif ɣef yiserdasen i d-teskker, i d-yekkan seg leɛrac am At-Yetturaɣ, At-Buyusuf, At-Yellilten, Illulen-Umalu… Tebḍa-ten ɣef sin yegrawen : amenzu d imusseblen d wid tettawin isalen, wis d iɛerḍiyen i tmettant neɣ iserdasen s leslaḥ. Tessuter deg At-Yiraten ad ɣzen tisrafin, i At-Yellilten ad xedmen akal akken ad afen d acu ara ččen deg tegnit n umennuɣ, i At-Iḥitussen, Dderna, Illulen, Tiziḍt d Texliǧt-Iḥeddaden ad d-xedmen ibeckiḍen d lbaṛud. Ass n 7 Yebrir 1854, iserdasen n Lqebṭan Wolf ẓedment-d ɣef wedrar,. Faḍma yesduklen iɣil d trebuyaɛ n Bu Tserdunt, temmuger-iten ɣer Wasif Userdun (Sibaɛu), deg Yiɛezzugen. Ɣas akken ugaren-ten Yiṛumyen acḥal yid-sen, yerna ifen-ten leslaḥ, maca, lɛesker n Fṛansa yuɣal ɣer deffir zdat n tyitwin n yiserdasen n Faḍma n Summer.

Ger yimennuɣen imeqqran nniḍen i yekkren ger Leqbayel d lɛesker n Fṛansa, d win yeṭṭreḍqen deg wemkan imi qqaren Tacekkirt, deg At-Buyusef, ger 16 d 19 n waggur n Yulyu 1854. Din ččan Iṛumyen tiyita akken ur nwin, Marical Randon yeǧǧa deffir-s 25 seg yifesyanen-is, akk d wugar n 800 seg yiserdaen-is, ma d wid nniḍen selkenten iḍarren-nsen. M’akken yerwel yenna-asen i Leqbayel : “Ad d-uɣaleɣ”.

Ger 1845 d 1856, Ǧerǧer kkan-as-d seg yal tama, lɛesker d-yekkan seg Tizi-Wezzu d win d-yekkan seg Qsenṭina d-izegren ɣef Bgayet. Deg Yulyu 1857, lɛesker n Rondon d win n Faḍma mlalen deg Yiceṛṛiḍen, yekker imenɣi ger sin yemrigen. Amḍan n yiserdasen n Fṛansa yugaren s waṭas Iqbayliyen akk d leslaḥ i tesseqdec Fṛansa deg umenuɣ-a tessaweḍ ad tessenger yes-s almi d aneggaru seg yiserdasen n Faḍma. Tabɣest d tissas n wid yennuɣen ɣef tleli-nsen ur ay tezmir sdat n wehdum d-yeɣlin fell-asen.

Iseggasen-is ineggura
gauche|vignette|Ajiniral Rundun mi yesseɣli tamurt n Leqbayel deg useggas n 1857 .
M-akken i tt-senzen, Jeanne d’arc nneɣ akken i s-yessawal Rondon i Faḍma, yeɣli-d fell-as Jiniral Yusef, tameddit n wass, deg taddart n Texliǧt At-Ɛettu yeṭṭef-itt netta akk d tid-nni yellan yid-s. Wwin-tt ɣer Tmezgida, nnig Iferḥunen, anda yessers lekka-s Marical Rondon. Ssyin rran-tt ɣer lḥebs nettat d gma-s Si Ṭaher akk d 200 n yemdanen nniḍen i yettwaṭṭfen, deg Temɛemmert n Sidi Sliman deg Teblaḍt (ger Mdiya d Ṣṣur Lɣezlan) almi d asmi i temmut deg Ctembeṛ 1863, ɣef 33 n yiseggasen.

Ugar n ṣa (7) yiserdasen n umennuɣ, Fṛansa, seg twaṭṭfa n Faḍma n Summer, teṛza Tanekra n Yeqbayliyen ɣef tlelli-nsen, teṛza Adrar n Nnif, teṛza Tajmaɛt n tudrin, tṛessa deg wemkan-is tadbelt-ines deg tamurt n Leqbayel ugar n lqern.

Amezruy d yidles
Ass n 3 Yulyu 1995, wwin-d iɣsan-is ɣer Lɛalia anda teḍḍlen imeɣrasen n Tegrawla deg tmaneɣt. Almi d imir-n i yestaɛref uwanek azzayri s umennuɣ-is mgal amnekcan afṛansis. D acu kan anecfu aɣerfan ɣef Faḍma yezga yedder. Inzi: ɣer deffir d Faḍma ɣer sdat d tiṛṣaṣin, qqaren-t medden ɣef wayen i yettraǧǧun wid-nni yettnaɣen lawan-nni, ma yella rran taqejirt ɣer deffir. Akken diɣen ara naf ddeqs n yisefra fell-as, d tajmilt ɣef yiseɣ tla. Kra seg-sen:
Ass n larbɛa teṣebḥit
Ass-nni ɣef medden yeẓwer
Tafejrit mazal itran
Xati n win izerbzn yefḍer
Deg Yiceṛṛiḍen i temḥallas
Yexleḍ wemnay d lɛesker
Yekker uɛeǧǧaǧ n leɣmam
Deg tegnaw yuli iḍer
Seg kra n win iḥedṛen dinna
Xati n win imi ɣezif leɛmer
Marican bab n ukembbas
Deg yixef-is i iferru ccweṛ
Lalla Faḍma i d-nettzuru 
Lal izebgan d lǧuheṛ
D Leǧninar i d lewkil-is
Weltma-s n Sidi Ṭaher

Amalah a Faḍma n Summer
Lal n wemzur d lḥenni
Isem-is inuda leɛrac
Tura tɣab ur telli
A-tt-an deg Sidi Sliman
Ru a yiẓri d leḥmali

Idlisen fell-as
Les Berbères Célèbres, M.A.Haddadou, Tiẓrigin Berti, Lzzayer tamaneɣt, 2003 
Hommes et Femmes de Kabylie, DBK, Tiẓrigin Edisud, Aix-En-Provence, 2001 
Faḍma n Summer, Bitam Boukhalfa, Tiẓrigin Aurassi, 2001 
Femmes d’Algérie, J.Dejeux, Tiẓrigin Epigraphe, Lzzayer tamaneɣt, 1994 
L’insurrection de la Grande Kabylie, C.Robin, Tiẓrigin Henri Charles Laranzelle, Paris 
Promenades en temps de guerre chez les Kabyles, F.Hun, Tiẓrigin Challamel, Paris, 1860 
Histoire de l’Algérie contemporaine, J.A.Julien, Tiẓrigin PUF, Paris, 1964. 
Faḍma n Summer, M.S.Feredj, Tasɣunt Revue Historique Maghreébine, 1979.

Tamesluyt
http://tameddurt.com/spip.php?rubrique34#Idlisen  fell-as
http://tinmel-tamazight.blogspot.com/2011/03/lalla-fadma-n-summer-1830-1863.html
https://we-nudes.com 

Taggayt:Tameddurt