Bgayet

Bgayet neɣ Vgayet  (ⴲⴳⴰⵢⴻⵝ s Tifnaɣ) d tamdint akk d asagan meqqren deg Yilel Agrakal akk d tamaneɣt n tamnaḍt n Bgayet deg  tmurt n leqbayel. Tamdint n Bgayet tesɛa azal n 177, 988« Wilaya de Béjaïa : répartition de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs, selon la commune de résidence et la dispersion » [PDF]. Données du recensement général de la population et de l'habitat de 2008 sur le site de l'ONS. n imezdaɣ.  Tamnaḍt n Bgayet tesɛa azal n amelyun n yimezdaɣ  (2008)« Population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs selon la wilaya de résidence et le sexe et le taux d’accroissement annuel moyen (1998-2008) ». . 

 Aẓar n yisem n Bgayet 
Bgayet d isem amaziɣ—i yellan deg tazwara d Tabgayet, maca asekkil n “t” amezwaru n yisem-is d-yettakken azref n tmeṭṭut  yeɣli-d deg useqdec acḥal aya —yekka-d seg wawalen iqburen tabegga neɣ tabeɣayt, s unamek n atrar n "imudaɣ d tizwal n tẓegwa"Haddadou, Mohand Akli (2012). Dictionnaire toponymique et historique de l'Algérie: comportant les principales localités, ainsi qu'un glossaire des mots arabes et berbères entrant dans la composition des noms de lieux  pp. 193–194 (s tefransist). Tizi Wezzu: Achab. ISBN 978-9947-972-25-0.. Isem n Bgayet yesεa ihi yiwen n uẓar amaziɣ deg tazwara am yismawen niḍen n temdinin n Tamezɣa am Thugga d Baja deg Tunes neɣ Begay (Baghaï, s tarbt "بغاي") deg Wawras.

Deg tutlayin i d-yekkan srid seg tlatinit taɣerfant n tallit talemmast—xemsa-nni n tutlayin i yettmeslayen s waṭas, d taspenyult, tapurtugit, tafṛansist, taṭelyanit, tarumaniyt— Bugaya (seg taɛrabt بجاية; s tespenyulit Bujía d s taṭelyanit Bugía"Bougie: Définition de Bougie". cnrtl.fr (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 12 fuṛar 2017. ) d isem i d-yettunefken i temdint-a imi deg tallit-nni tessawaḍ-d ɣer Tuṛuft aṭas n ccmeɛ n tizizwa i usnulfu n teftilin"BOUGIE, subst. fém". Trésor de la langue française informatisé (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 26 yulyu 2017.. Dɣa, isem-nni yuɣal Bougie s tefransist. S tikelt ɣer tayed, deg tallit n tlemmas, isem-nni yewweḍ ad d-yerzu ɣer i usnulfu n teftilin di Turuf; seg imir-n, s umata, teftilin ttwasemman s tefransist s wawal "bougie". Aya daɣen i d yerran wawal n “bougeoir”, d win ay d-yesskanayen ticemmaɛin s ufus ɣezzifen i sseqdacen ineɣmasen akatuliken d iserdasen imeqranen."Dictionary : BUGIA". www.catholicculture.org. Yettwaṭṭef deg 3 yennayer 2025.
 Tarakalt 
Temding n Bgayet tella deg ugafa n tamnaḍt n Bgayet, ɣef  tafsirt agrakal dɣa tettwazger sɣur Asif asemmam, taɣiwant n Bgayet tella deg iri n ilel Agrakal deg ugafa d ugmuḍ dɣa tennuled tiɣiwanin n Tuǧa deg ugmuḍ, n Asif n Ɣir deg wenẓul dɣa Buxlifa d Tala Ḥemza deg wenẓul-agmuḍ.
alt=Cap Carbon|vignette|304x304px|Cap Carbon

 Amkan 
Tilin n Bgayet teqqen ɣer i wasagan-is i tt-yerran d tamerkantit seg tazwara-s. Tettiki deg yiwen n ukalil (aḥric amecṭuḥ n waman i d-yeffɣen seg uḥric ameqqran) i yesɛan ṣṣenf n tmeẓdit, yerna yettwaḥrez seg tmeẓdit n waḍu n yilel (i d-yettmuqulen ɣer ugafa-utrim) s uḥric n Cape Carbon (ɣer utaram n temdint). Bgayet tettwaḍmen s udrar n Yemma Guraya i d-yezgan deg umalu n ugafa-utrim. Tamuɣli seg usagan-is, d yiwet seg timuɣliwin icebḥen akk n rrifan n ilellen n Tmezɣa akk d n Yilel Agrakal, imi tesɛa idurar n ibabuṛen icebḥen deffir-s. Lfayda niḍen i tesɛa temdint-a imi tella d amkan anda i d-teffeɣ teẓgi n Wasif Asemmam; d agnir yesɛan azal n wagama akk d azal adamsan i d-yettmuqulen ɣer wenẓul-asamer. Maca, seg wasmi i d-teqqel tamdint d tamanaɣt, yella-d umgired gar temdint d timnaḍin niḍen n Tmurt n Yiẓwawen ɣef ssebba n wugur n usenqed n temnaḍin i yellan deffir n temdint. 
vignette|Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya|210x210px|alt=Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya
Deg wayen yeɛnan tadamsa-ines d temnaḍin-nniḍen n Tmurt n Yiẓwawen, Bgayet tettak-d aɛrur-is i timnaḍin: amkan-is deg taggara n Wasif Asemmam yerra-tt d assaɣ gar Tamurt Yiẓwawen Tameqrant d Tamurt Yiẓwawen Tamecṭuḥt. Maca sin-a ttwaqqnent ɣef yiman-nsent yerna ttnadint ɣef tmaneɣin n daxel n tmurt (Tizi Wezzu, Aqbu, Xerraṭa, atg.) s tuɣalin-nsen ɣer lebεid n rrif n yilel. Bgayet tesɛa, seg yiwet n tama, iẓuran idiganen ixuṣṣen; llan kan rebεa neɣ xemsa n tɣiwanin i d-iqerben ɣer-s. Deg uswir aɣelnaw, Bgayet d tuffɣa n Lezzayer talemmast, seg Lezzayer ar Skikda, d abrid n tuffɣa n temnaḍin n yidurar, d usagen n lqut d lqeḍyan n azal n sin imelyan n yimdanen. Maca tuqqna-a d tin i yuεren: ɣer wenẓul-asamer, tanezzut d Sṭif teţţili kan s yiɣeẓran n Xerraṭa. Abrid-nniḍen yettawi-d abrid n Wasif Asemmam, syin ɣer usammar n tiwwura n wuzzal d usali ɣer tama n Burǧ Buɛririǧ; abrid-a i d-yettawi ubrid aɣelnaw d ubrid n tmacint. Uguren-a sskanayen belli, ɣas akken tesɛa leqdic ijehden, tamdint n Bgayet tettwali amur seg tnezzut yettwasseqdac akken ilaq deg temnaḍin-nnes n usamer d utaram aydeg tesɛa tazmert.Cote, M.  (1 yebrir 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist). Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwaṭṭef deg 21 Yennayer 2017.
vignette|Ixef n yiddawen (neɣ Ixef n ibkan, Pic des Singes)|alt=Ixef n yiddawen (neɣ Ixef n ibkan, Pic des Singes)Taɣiwant-a tettmuqul-itt-id adrar n Yemma Gouraya. Imḍiqen niḍen n icebḥen i d-iqerben ɣer-s, d taftist n Zigwat d Ixef n yiddawen (neɣ Ixef n ibkan, Pic des Singes); amḍiq-a aneggaru d umṭiq n tmeddurt n Ibkan n Tamezɣa i yellan deg ubrid n nnger, i yesɛan zik, qbel amezruy, tamnaḍt meqqren aṭas ugar n tin n  wass-a.Taub, David Milton (3 yunyu 1978). "The Barbary Macaque in North Africa" (PDF) (s teglizit. "Iddew amaziɣ deg Tefriqt n Ugafa" s taqbaylit). Oryx. 14 (3): 245–253. doi:10.1017/S0030605300015581. Yettwaṭṭef deg 19 yulyu 2024. Kraḍ-a n yimukan i n d-nebder llan deg Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya.

Tamnaḍt n temdint tesɛa azal n 12,022 n yihektar. Bgayet tezga-d 220 km ɣer usammar n temdint n Lezzayer tamanaɣt, 93 km ɣer usammar n Tizi Wezzu, 81.5 km ɣer ugafa-ataram n Burǧ Buɛririǧ, 70 km ɣer ugafa-ataram n Sṭif d 61 km ɣer ataram n Jijel."L'Historique de la Commune ". apcbejaia.org (s tefransist: Amezruy n tɣiwant). Yettwaṭṭef deg 27 Yunyu 2017., s tmuɣli n yisefka seg yiwen n uḍris seg « Répertoire Partiel des Biens Culturels Immobiliers de la Wilaya de Béjaïa » (Uḍris aḥric n tɣawsiwin n yidles n l wilaya n Bgayet) ay d-tessuffeɣ Tanemhla n yidles d tzuri n l wilaya n Bgayet .

 Iɣersiwen d yimɣan 
vignette|Amḍiq yettwaḥerzen n Zigwat, deg Ugemmaḍ Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya.|alt=Amḍiq yettwaḥerzen n Zigwat, deg Ugemmaḍ Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya.
Taɣrem n Bgayet d aḥric seg rrif n yilel n Tmurt n Yiẓwawen, i d-yettkemmilen arma d Jijel, d amkan agmaw i d-yessewhamen. Deg ugafa n temdint, Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya d tamnaḍt n tlisa yettwaḥerzen(s teglizit) UNESCO, « Gouraya », deg unesco.org, maɣres 2010. (Yettwaẓer deg 21 ɣuct 2012). , akk d Ugemmaḍ Aɣelnaw n TazaAli Loukkas (conception) et al., , Théniet El Had, Parc national de Théniet El Had, 2006, 92 p. (asebter n uskan [archive] i d-yezgan 60 km ɣer umalu n Bgayet, i d-yettwasbedden sɣur UNESCO gar "imukan n tmusni i usnerni aɣelnaw deg umaḍal"; timnaḍin i yesɛan iswi n tmusni i usnerni aɣelnaw.« Le programme MAB » UNESCO (yettwaẓer deg 21 ɣuct 2012).

Urti n Guraya yemgarad ɣef wurtiyen niḍen n yilel agrakal imi deg-s llan yiɣersiwen am win n uyefki n taγyult, d ṣṣenf i yellan deg ubrid n nnger deg yilel agrakal, d tiɣbula n yiɣersiwen anda ttɣimin tasaft akk d uẓebbuj, tayda (Pinus halepensis), taqqa (Juniperus), d taseṭṭa n meryem (Artemisia absinthium) ASAL 2006, asebter n asuffeɣ 1(s tefransist), asebter wis 16.. Deg urti n Taza, tucet (Quercus canariensis), afernan (Quercus suber), d techt (Quercus afares) d nutni i d leṣnaf imeqranen i d-yezgan alamma d Jijel.ASAL 2006, asebter n asuffeɣ 2 (s tefransist), asebter wis 21.

Ma d ufernan, deg yiwet n tmurt i d-yettawin ugar n uzgen n wakal i d-yeṭṭef ṣṣenf-a deg teftist n wenẓul n Yilel Agrakal; Tamurt n Yiẓwawen akk d ugafa-agmuḍan n tmurt n Lezzayer d timnaḍin aydeg llant tẓegwa timeqranin akk n ufernan: ttnernint ɣef tlisa n yilel seg Lezzayer tamenaɣt arma d ntlisa n Tunes. Daɣen, seg teftist n yilel alamma d 1.200 m n wewrir.Rachid Safou, « La dégradation des forêts de chêne-liège en Algérie », deg Archive.is, 6 meɣres 2011 (Yettwaẓer ass n 21 yulyu 2017.).
vignette|Iddew amaziɣ deg Ugemmaḍ Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya.|alt=Iddew amaziɣ deg Ugemmaḍ Urti Aɣelnaw n Guraya.|224x224px
Iɣersiwen n tmurt-a ttaken-d taseddarit i imsuṭṭaḍ am uccen (Canis aureus), cebbirdu, ilef (Sus scrofa), d leṣnaf i yellan deg ubrid n nnger am abeṛṛay n tẓegwa (Felis silvestris “amcic n lexla”), aruy, iblinṣer, iddew amaziɣ (Macaca sylvanus) yiwen n ṣṣenf i yelan anagar deg Tefriqt Ugafa. Arida (Hyaena hyaena), tadɣaɣat, abareɣ azeggaɣ (Vulpes vulpes), imerwel (Lepus capensis), akk d inisi n Lezzayer (Atelerix algirus) llan deg Urti n Taza d win n Guraya. Idurar i d-yezzin fell-asen llan deg-sen aṭas n ṣṣenf n yigḍaḍ gar-asen igider (Aquila fasciata), Ijider amejjuṭ (Gyps fulvus), tmila, iḥiqel, bururu (Bubo bubo), labaz iqesḥen? (Buteo rufinus), d taninna tamezdayt (Falco tinnunculus)ASAL 2006, asebter n asuffeɣ [1] [archive] asebter wis 14 d 16 d [2] [archive] p. 21.Ali Loukkas (conception) et al., Atlas des parcs nationaux algériens, Théniet El Had, Parc national de Théniet El Had, 2006, 92 p. (asebter n asuffeɣ [archive]) . Iwriren n yidurar n Tmurt Yiẓwawen Tamecṭuḥt d axxam daɣen n taserẓut uzumba (Sitta ledanti), d yiwen n ṣṣenf n wagḍiḍ i yelan anagar deg temnaḍt-a i d-yettwasen anagar deg 1975 deg udrar n Babuṛ ameqran.Laurence D., « La Sittelle kabyle (Sitta Ledanti) : l'oiseau rare  [archive] », sur Monde berbère, Association culturelle n'Imazighen, Bruxelles, 2005 (Yettwaẓer ass n 21 Ɣuct 2012). 
vignette|Abrid i d-yezgan ɣef tlisa n Ugelmim n Bgayet zdat n Urti n  Aɣelnaw n Taza.|alt=Abrid i d-yezgan ɣef tlisa n Ugelmim n Bgayet zdat n Urti n Aɣelnaw n Taza.
Iɣersiwen d yimɣan n tamnaḍt-a d ayen yessewhamen imi aḥric n yilel n Guraya d amkan i deg zedɣen 4 n ccetlat yettwaḥerzen n imsuṭṭaḍ n yilel: aferrun (Phocoena phocoena), azyam (Delphinus delphis), addenfil (Tursiops truncatus), agelmum ameqran (Physeter macrocephalus) . Lqaεa n yilel n urtan deg-sen sḍis n yimeẓriyen yesɛan azal agraɣlan.

 Anezwu d yiɣallen n waman 
Tamdint n Bgayet d aḥric seg tamnaḍt n Wasif Asemmam anda i d-ttemlili akk waman n tmurt i d-yettasen seg idurar. Bgayet d Wasif Asemmam n wadda sɛan anezwu n Yilel Agrakal. S umata yetnewway lḥal s kra n ubeddel amecṭuḥ n teẓɣelt n lawanZouggaghe; Mouni; Taffer (March 2014). "Qualité biologique du réseau hydrographique du bassin versant de la Soummam. (Nord de l'Algérie) " (PDF). Larhyss Journal (17): 21–33. ISSN 1112-3680.. Taẓɣelt, s umata ayen yellan d axfifan, s wazal amatu i yettbeddilen gar 11.1 °C deg tagrest arma d 24.5 °C deg unebdu. 

Nnig n Wasif Asemmam, i d-yettakken ayen ilaqen i takerza deg temnaḍin i d-yezzin i  temdint, Bgayet tezga-d deg tmurt n Yiẓwawen n yilel, yerna tesɛa aṭas n lehwa deg tmurt-is. TAzal n ugeffur deg tmennaḍt yezmer ad yili gar n 800 ar 1200 mm, maca kra n yiɣbula idiganen ttwasseqdacen s tɣawla ɣef ljal n uḥwaǧ ameqranKheladi, Mokhtar (1 January 1993). Urbanisme et systèmes sociaux: la planification urbaine en Algérie (s tefransist). Office des publications universitaires.. Tamdint n Bgayet tettawi daɣen aman-is seg udrar yellan deffir-is akk d seg waṭas n yiɣbula niḍen, am win n Tuǧa (Toudja) i d-yeqqnen deg tallit taqburt s yiwen n uqedus ɣer temdint taqburt Saldae.Annales algériennes de géographie (s tefransist). Institut de géographie de l'Université d'Alger. 1966.

 Issawaḍen iɣerfanen – tikeṛṛusin d timacinin 
vignette|Bgayet - Iberdan-is, tikeṛṛusin d timacinin|alt=Bgayet - Iberdan-is, tikeṛṛusin d timacinin
Tamdint n Bgayet tteqqen ɣer Lezzayer tamanaɣt, Tizi Wezzu, Tubiret, Sṭif, Jijel d waṭas n tmiwa Iẓwawen s yiwen n uẓeḍḍa n yiberdan. Tesɛa daɣen yiwet n teɣsert tagejdant n lkaṛat i d-yettawin ɣer temdinin n wenẓul azzayri, gar-asent Ḥasi Mseɛud, Waregla, Ɣerdaya, Lɣawat, Dǧelfa d Busɛada.

Taɣiwant n Bgayet tettwaɛedda s waṭas n yiberdan iɣelnawen. Kra seg-sen tteddun deg yiɣeẓran d tizza i d-yellan d imukan n uɛeddi igamanenCote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist). Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwaṭṭef deg 21 Yennayer 2017.: abrid aɣelnaw 9 (Abrid n Sṭif), i d-yettεeddin ɣef yiri n teftist, syin ɣef yiɣil n Xerraṭa ar Sṭif, akk d ubrid aɣelnaw 24 (Abrid n Bgayet), i d-yettεeddin ɣef yiɣil n Wasif Asemmam, Tubiret, syin tamdint n Lezzayer ɣer umalu, neɣ Burǧ Buɛririǧ ɣer usammar. Llan daɣen iberdan nniḍen i d-ttɛeddayen ɣef isegraraben: abrid aɣelnaw wis 12 (abrid n Tizi Wezzu), yettɛedday ɣef teẓgi n Iɛekkuren d yidurar-is syin ɣer Ɛzazga, Tizi Wezzu ar Bumerdas, akk d webrid aɣelnaw 75 (abrid n Tabatent), yettɛedday ɣef Iberbacen yidurar n Tamurt Yiẓwawen Tamecṭuḥt akken ad yaweḍ ɣer Sṭif u ad yeqqen ɣer durar ɛlayen ɣer Tabatent. Abrid aɣelnaw n trmurt n Lezzayer Asamer-Ataram"Pénétrante De Béjaia 1 ". ana.org.dz (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 21 Yennayer 2017. (s taɛrabt: الطريق السيار شرق-غرب), umi qqaren daɣen Abrid aɣelnaw A1, i yekfa deg Ɣuct n 2023 deffir 17 n yiseggasen n lebni , ɣas akken yexḍa Tamurt n Yiẓwawen, yeqqen ɣer temdint n Bgayet s yiberdan niḍen.

Bgayet ɣur-s yiwet n teɣsert n tmacint, d taggara n temsirt Bnimenṣur-Bgayet, i d-yettwabnan deg useggas n 1889, yerna fell-as tetteddu yiwet n tmacint n i d-yesdukklen tiɣsar n temnaḍt-a: Bnimenṣur, Tazmalt, Allaɣen, Aqbu, Laɛzib Ben Crif, Iɣzer Ameqran, Takrits, Sidi Ɛic, Ilmaten d Leqṣer"Béjaia: un nouvel autorail en attendant les trains marchandises – Radio Gouraya". radiogouraya.com (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 4 yulyu 2017.. Tuqqna-a gar-asent, deg Bnimenṣur, akk d yizirig n Lezzayer-Skikda, tettaǧǧa ad awḍen ɣer wakk aẓeḍḍa n yiberdan n tmacint n Lezzayer s tuqqniwin tusridin ɣer tmaneɣt tazzayrit, deg ataram, d Sṭif, deg anzul-asamar. Tella daɣen yiwet n tmacint tamnaḍant i d-yeqqnen s umata   vignette|Tamuɣli n tewwurt n unafag Ɛebban Ṛemḍan n Bgayet.|alt=Tamuɣli n tewwurt n unafag Ɛebban Ṛemḍan n Bgayet.

Bgayet ɣer temnaḍin-is; tettwaseggem akken ad teldi usammar n tmennaḍt-a.  
alt=Tamuɣli seg yigenni n unafag Ɛebban Ṛemḍan n Bgayet|vignette|Tamuɣli seg yigenni n unafag Ɛebban Ṛemḍan n Bgayet
Bgayet tesɛa yiwen n unafag agraɣlan yezga-d 5 km ɣer wenẓul n temdint. Isem-is tikkelt tamezwarut "Bgayet - Anafag n Asemmam" gar n 1982 d 1999, semman-as s yisem n wasif n Summam i d-yettasen ɣer yilel agrakal deg tama n Bgayet. Yebda leqdic-is deg useggas n 1982 i leqdic aɣelnaw, deg 1993 i leqdic igraɣlanen. Deg 1999 yettwasemma "Anafag n Begayet - Asemmam - Ɛebban Ṛemḍan" deg 1999, d asmekti i uselmad n ṭṭraḍ azzayri i yesɛan amkan ameqqran deg umezruy n Ṭṭraḍ n Tlelli n Lezzayer. 

 Iḥricen n Bgayet 
Acercur
Karaman
Bab Lluz
Ddar Nnaṣer
P.K. 17
Buxyama
Iḥeddaden
Targa Uzemmur
Iɣil Uɛeẓẓug
Bir Slam
Iriyahen
Amafag (Aérodrome)
Bulimaṭ
Asif n Saket
Adrar Ufarnu
Amṭiq n Tafat

 Tiɣiwanin n Bgayet 
Llant 52 (sumset sin) n tɣiwanin n Bgayet

 Amezruy 
 Uqbel n umezruy 
vignette|184x184px|Aɣrab n n Iberomaurus i d-yusan seg Qsenṭina (Lezzayer)|alt=Aɣrab n n Iberomaurus i d-yusan seg Qsenṭina (Lezzayer)
Tilin n umdan tettwassekles deg yimukan yemgaraden n temdint. Taɣsert n yifri n AƐli Bacha tettwaḥseb d amkan aqbur akk n tnezduɣt azal n 40.000 arma d 20.000 n yiseggasen uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. Deg umḍiq n Zigwat, cci d tɣawsiwin i d-ufan ttmeslayen-d ɣef tallit n wazal n 10.000 n yiseggasen uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ, dɣa d tallit n tamaynut n uẓru (Neolithik; seg tegrigit νέος néos "aynum" d λίθος líthos "aẓru")"Béjaïa Ville d'Histoire et de savoir" (PDF). Adlis n tdukli Gehimab - Circonscription archéologique de Béjaïa (s tefransist). Gehimab - Laboratoire de Recherche Lamos Université de Béjaia. Yunyu 2002.. Tamnaḍt-a teččur daɣen aṭas n tɣawsiwin tisekniyin am yifri n Afalou anda i d-ufan kra seg yiḍrisen iqburen akk n yergazen imaynuten, yettwasnen s yimdanen n Afalu-Bu RmelChamla, M.-C.; Dastugue, J.; Hachi, S. (1 Wamber 1985). "Afalou-Bou-Rhummel". Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) (2): 182–192. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.880. ISSN 1015-7344. Yettwaṭṭef deg 15 Tubeṛ 2024.., i d-yesseknen ɣef yidles i d-yesbedden ɣef leḥnana s tmeḍlant n yimdanen deg yifran iqedsen d useqdec n ufexxar n uzwaɣ i d-yellan seg 18,000 ar 11,000 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ.Roubet, C.; Hachi, S. (30 dujamber 2010). "Mechta el-Arbi (Préhistoire)". Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) (31): 4811–4814. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.542. ISSN 1015-7344. Yettwaṭṭef deg 15 Tubeṛ 2024. Tiɣawsiwin-a d wid yettwassnen deg wayen umi qqaren idles  n Iberomaurus

 Seg tallit taqburt alamma d tallit tabizantit 
Ẓer daɣen: Saldae

Bgayet tesɛa ayen i d-yeqqimen seg tallit n nnḥas; ayen i d-yettwassen akk i d aẓekka aqbur amaziɣ, acku acḥal n wakud i yettwaḥseb d aẓekka afiniqi, maca deg tidet, maca deg tilawt meqqer aṭas ɣef tilin n ifiniqiyen deg Tefriqt Ugafa, yerna ur yettwassen ara melmi i d-twabnaLaporte, Jean-Pierre (2005). "Histoire et patrimoine antiques de Saldae (Bgayet, Bejaia, Bougie)" (PDF). Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité, Actes du colloque: "Le patrimoine culturel immatériel amazigh: Le processus d'inventaire" (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 15 Tubeṛ 2024..
vignette|Tira umi semman Periplus n Pseudo-Scylax|alt=Tira umi semman Periplus n Pseudo-Scylax
Amḍiq-a d win yelhan imi yettwaḥudd ɣef waḍu n Cape Carbon, yerna iban belli aṭas n medden i d-zedɣen deg-s zik. Aḍris amezwaru n umezruy yeɣ amkan-a iban-d deg awines (lqern) wis 5 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ, tamnaḍt-a tella d aḥric seg tgelda n Numidya, deg tira umi semman Periplus n Pseudo-Scylax (d adlis agrigi aqbur i d-yettmeslayen ɣef webrid n ln yilel i d-yezzin i Yilel Agrakal d Yilel Aberkan. Yezmer lḥal yettwaru deg tlemmast n awines wis 4 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ deg iseggasen n 330, yerna ahat yettwaru deg Athina neɣ yiri-s.). Nnig waya, ad naf daɣen tazmert tazrirt n Ifniqen: Imeggura-a llan ttinigen ɣef tlisa n Tefriqt n Ugafa akken ad snuzun yerna ad d-sbedden imukan n tnezzut  iwumi qqaren "emporioe"Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist). Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 yennayer 2017..

 Ifniqen 
Ifniqen llan uqbel kullec d agdud amzenzu. Ɣur-sen Bgayet tella d yiwen n umkan anda zemren ad zzenzen lqecc-nsen, ad myibdalen tiɣawsiwin d imezdaɣ n tmurt, akk d ubrid yelzzm-asen ad ɛeddin am wakken ad kemmlen ɣer leswaq n tmura-nniḍen, mazal yella armi d tura yiwen n lmersa afniqi deg "Azraruḥ" (yeqreb ɣer Wedrar Ufarnu).

 Numidya 
Deg wakud n Numidya, Bgayet ur tesɛi ara azzal meqqṛen imi tella tebɛed aṭas ɣef tamanaɣt n Numidya Sirta

 Ṛṛuman 
vignette|Aẓru n tallit tarumanit, yettwabeggen i lɣaci deg tɣiwant n Bgayet|alt=Aẓru n tallit tarumanit, yettwabeggen i lɣaci deg tɣiwant n Bgayet
Lexsara n Yugerten deg tagrawla-s mgal Iṛumaniyen tbeddel Numidya ɣer yiwet n tgelda i d-yeqqnen ɣer Ṛuma ɣef wakk leqrar imeqranen; Augustus (Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus) yebḍa tamnaḍt-nni ɣer temnaḍin i d-yefkan Mauretania Caesariensis (Muriṭanya n Qayṣ̣er; tamdint n Ilel neɣ Cherchell n wass-a). Ɣef wakken i d-yenna Plinus Aqbur (Gaius Plinius Secundus), Saldae (isem aqdim n temdint-a) tella d tahrest ni Iṛumaniyen i d-yettwabnan deg tallit n tmenɣiwin timezwura deg 33 qbel uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. Tmanya n yiseggasen sakkin, Augustus yerra tamnaḍt n temdint-a i ugellid n Numidya Yuba II, d leɣrama n timnaḍin i d-yewṛet, maca ur s-d-yețțunefk ara zik. 
alt=Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus|vignette|175x175px|Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus
Augustus daɣen yesbed-d tadmint n Tubusuptus, i d-yezgan tura d yixerban n Tiklat deg kra n ikilumitren deg yiri n wasif n Nasava (Asif Asemmam) (tura deg tɣiwant n Leqṣer azal n 20 km ɣer umalu n Bgayet)

Tamdint n Saldae tesεa idles alatini, sakkin, tuɣal d tamasiḥit asmi i tuɣal Tgelda n Iṛumaniyen d tamasiḥit ula d nettat. Iṛumaniyen sbedden-d aẓeḍḍa n waṭas n iqudas waman i d-yeqqlen ad ttwasqedcen acḥal n leqrun sakkin ula deg tallit n Ḥammadiyen. Aqadus n waman n Tuǧa yella-d deg tallit n tgelda n Antoninus Pius (Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius). Maca tamdint-a ur tessin ara azal n usnerni am Hippo Regius (Ɛennaba), i d-yesεan rrbeḥ ugar ddaw tallit n Ṛuma. thumb|400px|alt=Takeṛḍa n tgelda n Rruman azal n 116 sdeffir talalit n Lmasiḥ.|Takeṛḍa n tgelda n iṛumaniyen azal n 116 sdeffir talalit n Lmasiḥ.Seg awines amezwaru, tagrawla n Takfar-ines teggar akk imezdaɣ n Numidya n temnaḍt-nni; Takfar-ines yewwi iɣzer n Asemmam, yewwi Tiklat, yerna yewweḍ ar Saldae. Deg taggara, yettwaɣleb sɣur Aqunsul (aqunsul d amḍebber ameqran akk i yettwafernen deg Tegduda Taṛumanit seg azal n 509 arma d 27 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ) Publius Cornelius Dolabella. Deg awines wis 4, deg idurar iqerben ɣer Saldae, Firmus (d ageldun amaziɣ d amasiḥi) yesnejmaɛ Tamawya n Imaziɣen n Wis Xemsa (tamaway n xemsa n leɛṛa Imaziɣen n Ǧeṛǧer n tura) mgal Iṛumaniyen. Yusa-d ageldun Theodosius s yiɣallen seg Tuṛuft akken ad yesres tagrawla; yerbeḥ deg ṭṭraḍ, maca yesɛa uguren akken ad yeɣleb iɣallen n Firmus.

 Ivandalen 
alt=Amedya n tmeṭṭut d wargaz ivandalen deg wenẓul n Pulunya deg lqern wis sin, Aẓawan n tmucuha n Kraków.|vignette|Amedya n tmeṭṭut d wargaz ivandalen deg wenẓul n Pulunya deg awines (lqern) wis sin, Aẓawan n tmucuha n Kraków.
Ivandalen, s nnuba-nsen, kecmen ɣer Tefriqt n Ugafa seg Spenyul deg useggas 429. S ufus n Gaisarīx, wwin-d ijenwiyen-nsen n wuzzal akk d times-nsen ɣer temdinin akk n rrif n ilel. Rran Saldae d tamaneɣt n uwanak-nsen amaynut armi i ṭṭfen Qerṭaj deg 439. 

 Ibiẓanṭiyen 
alt=Tafriqt n Ibizantiyen azal n 600|vignette|Tafriqt n Ibizantiyen azal n 600
Imenɣiyen i d-yellan gar wid ay d-yesdukklen ddaw aselmed n Arius d wid d-yesdukklen ddaw n uselmed n teklizt tkatulikit, yeǧǧa-d akk tamnaḍt-nni tefcel; dɣa Ibiẓanṭiyen ufan-d dihin ssebba d tagnit akken ad d-rren afus. Tamdint n Saldae teɣli-d s ddaw n yiɣallen Ibiẓanṭiyen deg ṭṭrad-nsen mgal Ivandaliyen deg 533-534. Taḥeqranit-nni tameqqrant n Ibizantiniyen teǧǧa-d ula d nettat lebɣi n yimezdaɣ n temnaḍt akken ad d-sbedden tagrawla deg tallit-a armi d tazwara n Listiɛmar Aɛrab n Tefriqt n Ugafa seg 647 armi 709 ; tallit tebda yiwen n yixef ɣezzifen n yimennuɣen.

 Listiɛmar Aɛrab 
Ẓer daɣen Tamurt n Yiẓwawen, Aksel, d Dihya Tadmut

Iserdasen Aɛraben i d-yusan seg Takerwant muqlen tamdint, syin ɣer idurar i d-yezzin i Bgayet, syin tikkelt nniḍen ɣer temdint-nni iǧehden zdat-sen, dɣa semman i durar-is “el ɛadua”, taɛdawt, ɣef sseba n umennuɣ i d-yesken wegdud akken ad yeṭṭef tilelli-inesFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 January 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist). Éditions Bouchène. Asebter 44. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.Lalmi, Nedjma Abdelfettah (2004). "Du mythe de l’isolat kabyle". Cahiers d'Études Africaines (s tefransist). 44 (175): 507–531. asebter 510. doi:10.4000/etudesafricaines.4710. . Isalan ɣef tallit-a xuṣṣen neɣ mxallafen; iban-d d akken tamdint ur ttwaḍḍfent-tt ara Aɛraben s tɣawla, yewwi-asen aṭas n wakud akken ad ṭṭfen, azal n useggas n 708. 
alt=Tanezzut n yiklan sɣur aɛraben. Aẓru n awines (lqern) wis 19 i d-yesskanayen yiwet n tarbaɛt n waɛraben i d-yettgen aklan seg Tefriqt n Wenẓul n Tniri Tutrimt ad ɛeddin ɣef Tniri Tutrimt. Tanezzut n yiklan sɣur waɛṛaben tnerna deg awines wis 7 d wis 8 imi d-ḍḍfen waɛṛaben aḥric ameqran seg Tefriqt n Ugafa. Tanezzut n Yiklan tnerna s waṭas seg awines wis 10 arma d wis 15 yerna tewweḍ ɣer tqacuct-nnes deg tlemmast n awines wis 19.|vignette|Tanezzut n yiklan sɣur aɛraben. Aẓru n awines (lqern) wis 19 i d-yesskanayen yiwet n tarbaɛt n waɛraben i d-yettgen aklan seg Tefriqt n Wenẓul n Tniri Tutrimt ad ɛeddin ɣef Tniri Tutrimt. Tanezzut n yiklan sɣur waɛṛaben tnerna deg awines wis 7 d wis 8 imi d-ḍḍfen waɛṛaben aḥric ameqran seg Tefriqt n Ugafa. Tanezzut n Yiklan tnerna s waṭas seg awines wis 10 arma d wis 15 yerna tewweḍ ɣer tqacuct-nnes deg tlemmast n awines wis 19.
Deg useggas n 740, imaziɣen akk deg Tafriqt n ugafa kkren-ed mgal tasertit n waklan d tedrimt DimecqY. B., « Les Rustamides (761-909) [archive] », sur Qantara, Institut du monde arabe, 2008 (Yettwaṭṭef deg 19 Ctember 2012). ; seg Lmerruk alamma d Libya, Iɣallen n lεeskaren n Imaziɣen snejmaɛen s yisem n tdukli s yisem n tegnawt n Txarijit, rran-d amur ameqran n Tefriqt n Ugafa rran deg ifassen-nsen, ssufɣen-d iεeskaren n Lxalifa Asunni; syin tuɣal temsalt Taɛrabt teεreq kra n lweqtYidir Plantade, «Laïcité et athéisme en Kabylie : Mythes et ambigüités », Journal d’étude des relations internationales au Moyen-Orient, vol. 2, no 1,‎ Yennayer 2007, isebtar 81-94 (s tefransist). ɣeṛ-d s Internet .. Yezmer lḥal d akken imezdaɣen n Bgayet kkan deg tegrawla-nni, maca ur nesɛi ara tira i d-yeqqaren ɣef aya.  

Kraḍ n awines i d-yeḍran deffir ma yebda Listiɛmar Aɛrab n Bgayet ur ṣfan acku ulac tira ɣef tegnit-is deg tallit-a. Timdint-a tella d aḥric seg wakal n Yiɣlabiyen, sakkin d win n Yifaṭimiyen, yerna ddaw n udabu-nsen tesɛa kra n tazmert.

Yettban-d belli asmi i d-yesbedd Naser Ayetḥmed* (s taɛrabt “Al-Naser ibn ALnas ibn Ḥammad” الناصر بن الناس), agellid wis xemsa n At Ḥmed, tamaneɣt-is An-Nāṣīrīya dinna, deg 1067, lebni n Saldae taqburt yella d axrib. Llan aṭas n tiktiwin i d-yettwabnan ɣef yidles unṣib i wakken ad d-sfehmen liḥala-ines: kra seg-sen qqaren-d belli tamdint Saldae tesεu 7 n tizenzlin neɣ amḍan am wa n lḥemlat n ccwalFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie Asebter 48. (s tefransist). Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..

Yettban-d daɣen belli deg awines wis 10, tamdint tella deg ifassen n Tamawya Tamaziɣt n Iẓnagen, seg-sen i d-kkren tgelda n Iziriyen d At Ḥmed i ḥekmen ɣef Tafriqt n Ugafa Talemmast. Di tallit-nni, tella d taɣiwant i d-yezgan s tuget deg-s imezdaɣ n Andalus, akken i t-id-yessegza umagraw n Andalus Al Bakri, uqbel ma tefka tsertit n At Ḥmed azal ameqran i temdint-aFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie Asebter 49 (s tefransist). Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.Cote, M. (1 yebrir 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 6. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwaṭṭef deg 21 Yennayer 2017..

 Tigeldiwin Timaziɣin: Tamanegt n tmaneɣt n tallit talemmast 
Deg awines wis 10, tamdint-a tella kan d asagen amecṭuḥ i d-yezgan i useyyeḍ n yiselman. Deg 1067, agellid amaziɣ n tgelda n At Ḥmed, Naser Ayetḥmed (1062-1088), i yellan yeḥkem ɣef Tafriqt n Ugafa Talemmast, yesnulfa tamdint-nni yerra-tt d tamaneɣt-is imi tamaneɣt-is tamezwarut — Lberǧ n Ayetḥmed (s Taɛrabt قلعة بني حماد), ugafa-asamer n Tamsilet n wass-a deg temnaḍt n Wawras — tella ddaw uzaglu n leɛṛac yiminigen Aɛraben wid iwumi qqaren Ihilaliyen (s Taɛrabt بنو هلال Banū Hilāl).  Ineggura-agi usan-d seg Wasamar alemmas deg uḥric wis sin n tegrawla n Waɛraben mgal imaziɣen n Tefriqt n UgafaFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 47. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. 

Ayetḥmed isemma-yas i temdint-nni Al Nassiriya; isem-a yuεer-as ad yeṭṭef acku isem n Bgayet yella yettwaseqdac s waṭas. Ibnu Xaldun yeɣil belli ayagi d ssebba n yisem Bgayet i yeqqnen ɣer yisem n yiwen wegraw amazi i zedɣen amkan-aLaporte, Jean-Pierre (2005). "Histoire et patrimoine antiques de Saldae (Bgayet, Bejaia, Bougie)" (pdf). Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité, Actes du colloque: "Le patrimoine culturel immatériel amazigh: Le processus d'inventaire" (s tefransist). Yettwaṭṭef deg 15 Tubeṛ 2024.: 

"Deg useggas n 460 (1067-1068), netta [Naser] yeṭṭef adrar n Biǧāya, d tamnaḍt aydeg i yezdeɣ yiwen n lɛeṛc amaziɣ yesɛan isem am win n temdint. Gar-asen, Biǧāya qqaren-as Bekaïa yerna ttwasemman-as Begaya. Nacer imi yewwi-d adrar-nni, yebna-d tamdint, isemma-yas Al Nassiriya. Maca yal yiwen yeqqar-as Biǧāya, seg yisem n lɛeṛc amaziɣ." 

Da, ilaq ad d-nini belli ulac ayen i d-yesbeggnen belli yella yiwen n lɛeṛc am wa. Yerna, isem-a “Biǧāya” ur d-yettbin ara d yisem aqvayli yerna ur d-yettili ara deg tikta n yismawen n leɛruc n tamurt n Leqvayel. Yezmer lḥal meqqren d akken Ibnu Xaldun yella kan yettgen-d tifratin akken llan ttgen-tent yimaruyen n tallit talemmast. 

Uqbel ma tesɛa izwel n tmaneɣt, tamdint-a tesɛu annerni i d-yesskanayen s wazal-nnes, ladɣa deg weswir adelsan; tella di tidett d asagen deg tlemmast n webrid n Lberǧ n Ayetḥmed d Landalus. Ttɛeddayen-d deg-s yimusnawen d yemsenza imi deg-s akken yella d ukcem d tuffɣa n ubrid n ugellid; abrid agellid seg Yigran Imeqranen ɣer Yilel Agrakal yerna ula d abrid n tnezzut n tlisa n Tniri TutrimtCharles-André Julien, Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord : des origines à 1830, Paris, Payot, 1966 (1re éd. 1951) (s tefransist) Asebter 104.. Imiren aɛṛaben n Sicilya Banu Kalb (s Taɛrabt بنو كلب) ţţuweḥḥan s tiɣermin (leqṣur) n Bgayet imi sbedden tiɣermin-nsen deg Palermo am wid n Bgayet. Bgayet, ugar n amkan yettwasnen neɣ yettwaḥemmlen, tella d tamḍiqt yettwaḥettmen deg webrid seg Landalus ɣer Usamer alemmas (ladɣa i wid yetteddun ɣer Lmekka), yerna daɣen seg Tuṛuft ɣer Tefriqt. D amkan n timlilit d umsawal n tmusni gar yimezdaɣen n Tuṛuft akk d UsamerGilles Ferréol (dir.) et Abdel-Halim Berretima (dir.), La ville méditerranéenne : défis et mutations : Actes de colloque international (28-29/11/13, Béjaïa), EME éditions, 16 novembre 2015 (s tefransist) Asebter 258. (ISBN 978-2-8066-3534-1, [archive]) . 

S ufus n imḍebbren n At Ḥmed, tamdint tuɣal d yiwen seg yiɣermanen n yidles d tussna imeqranen n umalu n Yilel Agrakal, yerna d amkan ameqran n tnezzut yesɛan azal i Turuft.

Lqedd n iɣezzuba n tnezzut n temdint-a ur tettwassen ara swaswa, maca yettban-iɣezzuba n tnezzut llan sɛan azal ameqran deg Yilel Agrakal, maca llin ara d aṭas deg umḍan am wid n Tuṛuft.
alt=Lbeṛǧ n Pisa yettwabnan deg lqern wis 12|vignette|Lbeṛǧ n Pisa yettwabnan deg awines wis 12
Bgayet llan ttgen-tt s waṭas yemsenza Ilatiniyen, Indalusiyen, d Yikataluniyen, d yemsenza seg Pisa d GenovaValérian, Dominique (2006). Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 (s tefransist) Isebtar 247–290, 607–610. Rome: Publications de l’École française de Rome. ISBN 978-2-7283-0748-7.. Imsenza-agi seg wenẓul n Tuṛuft fkan-as ismawen yemgaraden deg tutlayin tiṛumansiyin: Bugia, Buzia, Bugea, Buzana.

Dɣa deg tallit-a —ɣef ssebba n ccmeɛ n temdint-a i yellan ttwassifiḍen ɣer Tuṛuft i usnulfu n teftilin — i d-yefkan wawal n "bougie" i tutlayt tafṛensist akk d wawal n "basane" i tabḍant (tahidurt) n wullis; wigi llan deg laṣel-nsen d tisekkirin n yismawen n temdint s tutlayin-a (deg uwenneɛ i d-yettunefken uqbel: Bougie d Buzana)Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 46. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.Valérian, Dominique; Aissani, Djamil (2003). "Mathématiques, commerce et société à Béjaïa (Bugia) au moment de séjour de Leonardo Fibonacci (XII-XIII)".  (s tefransist)  Isebtar 10–15. Bollettino di Storia delle Scienze Matematiche . XXIII (2): 9–31..

Taɣremt n Yiḥemmadiyen tejbed-d imusnawen seg wakk timnaḍin yerna tella tesseqdac tasertit yeldin, ladɣa ɣer tama n Tuṛuft. Udayen d imasiḥiyen sfaydin seg lḥalat-is yelhan; Ageldun Nasir yella yettmeslay-d, yeṭṭef-d tikta, d Papa Gregory VIIFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 51. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.  yerna yessuter-as ad d-yessers  aselway n tamasiḥit i temdint-isKaddache, Mahfoud (2011) [1982]. L'Algérie des Algériens (s tefransist) Asebter 232. Alger: Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion. ISBN 978-9961-9-6621-1.. Tiwḍin n yimussnawen terra Bgayet d tamdint tamezwarut deg unnar n tussna; tazmert-is tezger nnig n Yilel Agrakal yerna tewweḍ arma d Tuṛuft. Deg umgarad n Lqelɛa i yellan deg tamnaḍtin n deffir n tmur, Bgayet tella tettwaḥseb d tamdint tadelsant d "tatrart"; "Tamdint tamaziɣt i yeddren s ṣṣifa n wegmuḍ",Cote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 9. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwasekles deg 21 Yennayer 2017. aṭas n yimusnawen imeqranen ay d-yekkan seg-s neɣ d-yessuklen ad zedɣen din deg tallit talemmast: am Leonardo Fibonacci, d amussnaw n tusnakt aṭelyani, (awines wis 12), Ramon Llull akk d Ibn Xaldun (awines wis 13).
alt=Leonardo Fibonacci|vignette|Leonardo Fibonacci
Deg useggas n 1202, Leonardo Fibonacci yewwi-d seg Bgayet ɣer Tuṛuft "uṭṭunen n taɛrabt" d usekkil n ljebra (D anagraw i tira n yimeslayen d tmiḍrant n tusnakt s useqdec n yisekkilen, Izumal, d tmeẓriwin n tusnakt). Ɣef leḥsab n kra n yiɣbula, asnulfu n tegzemt n tusnakt n Fibonacci tusa-d seg ssebba n tmuɣli-s n yimɣuṛiyen n tizizwa d usnerni n tizizwa deg temnaḍt-nni neɣ neɣ ssebba n yiwen n wugur tusnakit adigan i yeqqnen ɣer tlalit n yiɣersiwen kra i d-yessegza deg wedlis-is Liber abaciScott, T.C.; Marketos, P. (23 March 2014). "On the Origin of the Fibonacci Sequence" (PDF) (s teglizit) Isebtar 9–15. MacTutor History of Mathematics, University of St Andrews..

Di tallit-nni tamdint n Bgayet tuɣal d tameqrant armi, ɣef wakken i d-yenna Leo Africanus, zedɣen-tt aṭas n tmerwin n yimyilen n yemdanen seg yal tama n Tefriqt Ugafa, Asamar alemmas, Tuṛuft d Asya. Imezdaɣ n temdint llan s tuget d Imaziɣen i d-yusan si tmurt n Yiqbayliyen d waṭas n yizruzaɣ n Landalus. Al Idrissi yeqqar-d belli azal n 100 000 imezdaɣ i yellan di tallit-nni. Muḥend Mis n Tumart (Yekka-d seg tadukli n imesmuden deg Lmerruk) yemlal d Ɛebd Lmumen (Yekka-d seg Iznaten yettwaɛraben deg Tlemsan) i d-yesbedden sin-nsen sakkin Tagelda n Tdukli (neɣ Tagelda n Imwaḥḥden; s taɛrabt ٱلدَّوْلَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِيَّةُ ), deg tazwar s ufus n Muḥend mis n Tumart, sakkin, yessemɣer-itt Ɛebd Lmumen, ɣer tama n Bgayet azal n 1118.Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 59. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017. 
alt=Tugna taspenyulit i d-yesskanayen Mis n Tumart|vignette|Tugna taspenyulit i d-yesskanayen Mis n Tumart
Muḥend Mis n Tumart yesselmad-d tuɣalin ɣer yiɣallen n tineslemt seg Mellala (tamdint i d-yezgan ɣef 10 km ɣef Bgayet). Iseggasen uqbel, qqaren-d d akken imezdaɣ n Bgayet ssuffeɣen-d Mis n Tumart imi i d-yettcetki s waṭas ɣef tikli-nsenFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 60. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017. . Amussu asertan i d-yesbedd d lsas n Tagelda n Tdukli (Imwaḥḥden), i yeṭṭfen Bgayet deg useggas n 1152 yerna yekkes At Ḥmed seg udabu. Tamdint teṭṭef azal-is amatu di tallit n Tdukli; tuɣal d tamaneɣt n tamnaḍtFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 61. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. Axlif Ɛebd Lmumen yesbedd-d yiwen seg twacult-is d agellid n temdintFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 63. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017., d ayen i d-yesbeggnen azal-is asertan. Asagen n temdin yella deg-s lbabuṛat n Ɛebd Lmumen d wid n At Ḥmed, i d-yeṭṭefValérian, Dominique (2006). Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 (s tefransist) Isebtar 35–101. Rome: Publications de l’École française de Rome. ISBN 978-2-7283-0748-7. . Deg useggas n 1183, deg yiwet n tallit tawezlant, At Ɣaniya (بنو غانية  s taɛrabt) —i d-yeqqimen seg tgelda n Imrabḍen — ṭṭfen Bgayet, maca iɣallen n Tagelda n Tdukli rran-tt-id s tikkelt niḍenFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 63. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..
alt=Adrim n Bgayet (1249-1276) deg talit n Iḥafsiyen.|vignette|Adrim n Bgayet (1249-1276) deg talit n Iḥafsiyen.|153x153px
Mi teɣli tagelda n Tdukli, Bgayet tuɣal-d ɣer Tagleda tamziɣt n Iḥafsiyen n Tunes i d-yeqqlen d ilelliyen deg yunyu 1228Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 64. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. Maca di tilawt, imi d-yeḍra ccwal ɣef tmeḍrit n udabu, agelid neɣ aselway Aḥafsi n Bgayet yuɣal d azarug ɣef win n Tunes; yuɣal-d d aqerruy n yiwet n tgeldunt n tidett i yeddren aṭas n tallitin. Tallit taneggarut seg-sent, uqbel ma wwḍen-d Yispenyuliyen, teḍḍef akk awines wis 15 yerna tella tettwassen s yisem n "tgeldunt n Bgayet". Tazmert n tnezzut n Bgayet d tmura timasiḥiyin deg tallit-a d teqqim s wazal-is yerna tamdint-a tella d yiwet seg tmiwa timeqranin aydeg ttwaqeblen yizruzaɣ n Landalus i irewlen seg ReconquistaValérian, Dominique (2006). Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 (s tefransist) Isebtar 247–290, 607–610. Rome: Publications de l’École française de Rome. ISBN 978-2-7283-0748-7.Valérian, Dominique (2006). Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 (s tefransist) Asebter 674. Rome: Publications de l’École française de Rome. ISBN 978-2-7283-0748-7..

 Iwinsen n tanhawt n Bgayet 
Am akken i d-yeḍra s lmeḥna i ḍḍfen deg tgara n awines wis 15 aṭas n temdinin Tefriqt Ugafa d Tiniri n tallit talemmast i d-yellan qqnen s waṭas ɣer tnezzut n tiɣelmin d Ilel Agrakal, Bgayet tebda-d ihi tanhawt-s. 

Iberdan imaynuten n tanezzut sbedden-d tikkelt niḍen n tanezzut i lfayda n yiberdan imaynuten n tnezzut n yilel — i d-yeṭṭfen deg tazwara Ipurtugaliyen, syin d Ihulandiyen, i d-yebnan srid d tlisa n Tefriqt Tataramt — yesneqs-d s waṭas azal n iberdan n tnezzut n tiɣelmin d n tnezzut n yilel i ɣef tettkel temdint n Bgayet d temdinin-nniḍen n Tefriqt UgafaMauny, Raymond (1 June 1972). ". « Routes de commerce et échanges en Afrique occidentale en relation avec la Méditerranée. Un essai sur le commerce africain médiéval du XIe au XVIe siècle » par Jean Dévisse (s tefransist) Isebtar 271–272 -- [numérisation de livre/revue spécialisée/article : article du Journal de la Société des Africanistes (1972), via www.persee.fr]". Journal des Africanistes.  Yettwaṭṭef deg 26 Yunyu 2019.. 

 Bgayet iswi n ṭṭmeɛ n leǧnas 
Ispenyuliyen, deg tazwara n Reconquista, rran-d tiɣriwin ɣef yisafagen n Tefriqt n Ugafa. Aspenyuli Pedro Navarro yeṭṭef tamdint n Bgayet seg yifassen n Sselṭan Ɛebdalaziz deg useggas n 1510. Ispanyuliyen rran taggara i "tagelda n Bgayet" di Tameaɣa talemmast. Rran tamdint-nni d yiwet seg tneqqiḍin-nsen n tnezzut i d-yettwaḥerzen s lmendad n n wassaɣen i sɛa d Piza akk d Genova. Maca d takriḍt-nsen tessaweḍ ɣer trewla n yimezdaɣ n tmurt, dɣa d sseba n yimenɣiyen d Imaziɣen deg temnaḍin-nni iqerben. Tamdint-a ur tezmir ara ad teqqim d assaɣ i tnezzut d timura i yella deffi-s, dɣa Abu Bakr, gma-s n Ɛebd Lɛaziz, yeεreḍ ad d-yerr Bgayet deg useggas n 1512 seg tmanaɣt-is tamaynut Qsenṭina (s useqdec n unagraw n usekles n Iznyaten n awines wis 14) maca yexserFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Isebtar 99–101. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..
alt=Lbeṛj n Ispenyuliyen deg Bgayet|vignette|Lberǧ n Ispenyuliyen deg Bgayet (yettwasnen daɣen s yisem n Lberǧ Musa) - Yettwabna azal n tlemmast n awines wis 16 gar (1510-1555) deg talit n tuḍḍfa n Yispenyuliyen n temdint-a.
Ispenyuliyen qnen s tmehla-nsen ɣef yiwen yiwet n tamnaḍt i d-yellan d ṣṣenf n ukerdis gar Bordj Ɛebdlqader, Taqsibt d Bordj Mussa. Aḥric n temdint i yellan beṛṛa n tilisa-yagi dɣa yeɣli-d fell-as axrib imi iɣallen ispenyuliyen mebla tazmert ur zmiren ara ad ḥerezen. 

Ṛṛuḥ n Tasestant n Axxam n Ccreɛ n Ddin (lnquisition) yeṭṭef-d amkan deg tsertit taspenyult tadigant imi yettwaḥettem ɣef Udayen ad ffɣen seg temdint, yerna imeqranen n temdint rewlen (tarbaɛt tamecṭuḥt n yimdanen ijehden neɣ imerkantiyen) gar-asen imusnawen. Ansay ussnan n temdint yeqqel sakkin s waṭas ɣer yizawiyen n Tamurt n Yiẓwawen yellan deffir-is, ula d tira n ufus ttwakksen yerna ttwaferqent. Amḍan n imezdaɣ n temdint yeɣli s waṭas, yerna ula d iɣallen n ispenyuliyen deg-s sneqsen daɣen s waṭas; llan kan 500 n yergazen deg 1555Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 102. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..
alt=Aẓeṭṭa n temdint sɣur Jan Vermeyen (1551), yettwaḥerzen deg Tamkarḍit taɣelnawt n Fransa |vignette|Aẓeṭṭa n temdint sɣur Jan Vermeyen (1551), yettwaḥerzen deg Tamkarḍit taɣelnawt n Fransa (Bibliothèque nationale de France)
Timnaḍin-nni n zik n Bgayet llan ttwabḍan, dɣa d aya i d-yeǧǧan ugur i yimezdaɣen n tmurt-a ad rnun ad ṭṭfen tamdint-a. Deg tmurt n Yiẓwawen, Ɛebbas, mmi-s n ugellid n Bgayet, yesbedd-d tagelda-ines ɣef yiwen n lberǧ yettwassen s yisem n Lberǧ Ayt Ɛebbas deg ugemmaḍ ataram n Asemmam. Ɛebbas yerra-d seg-s kra seg imḍebbren n temdint n Bgayet. Deg umkan-a yella deg temsizzelt d Belkadi i d-yekkan seg n umasnazref n Bgayet n At Ɣebri i d-yesbedden Tagelda N Kuku. Deg Qsenṭina, d Abu Bakr, gma-s n ugellid-nni n zik n Bgayet, i d-yesbedden iman-is d agellid ɣef wakk nu usamer n tmurt n Lezzayer n turaLezzayer, ayla amaynut n Fṛansa deg Tefriqt n Ugaf, tesnulfa-tt-id Fṛansa deg useggas n 1830 imi teṭṭef tagelda taɛetmanit n Lezzayer tatrart. Fransa teqqen-ed, 27 n yiseggasen deffir, Tamurt n Leqvayel ɣer Lezzayer deg useggas n 1857. Daɣen deg talliyin-nni, aneẓruf werǧin yella d aḥric seg tagelda taɛetmanit neɣ n tmurt Leqvayel.. Imḍebbren-a, i yemxalafen gar-asen, yal yiwen deg-sen yessaram ad yerr tamdint n Bgayet u ad d-yesdukkel akk timnaḍin-is n zikKaddache, Mahfoud (2011) [1982]. L'Algérie des Algériens (s tefransist) Asebter 240. Alger: Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion. ISBN 978-9961-9-6621-1. Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 98. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..
alt=Takarḍa taɛetmanit n yilel seg lqern wis 16 i d-yesseknen agmuḍ: Lezzayer (deg ugafa), Delles (deg tlemmast) d Bgayet (deg wenẓul).|vignette|Takarḍa taɛetmanit n yilel seg awines wis 16 i d-yesseknen agmuḍ: Lezzayer (deg ugafa), Delles (deg tlemmast) d Bgayet (deg wenẓul).|185x185px
Deg tallit-a, asmi i d-uɣalen ɣer deffir yiwanaken iqburen, i d-banen watmaten  Ɛaruj yerna zedɣen deg temdint n Jijel. Atmaten Ɛaruj rran-d afus iwakken ad d-rren tamdint-a seg Yispenyuliyen s tmussni-nsen n yilel. Deg tgara, sbedden-d awanak-nsen deg tama n Ldzayer Tamaneɣt, ɣef leqdic n iflissen, dɣa s tɣawla ssersen-d tazmert-nsen ɣef ugafa n Ldzayer, rran-d iman-nsen ɣer tama n Tgeldit n Yiɛetmaniyen, dɣa sseknen-d iman-nsen deg wallen n yimezdaɣ am akken d ixṣimen n Spanyul. Bgayet tuɣal s lemɣawla d iswi n ṭṭmeɛ; Ɛaruj s ttawil-is i yekkes Iḥafsiyen seg Qsenṭina d Ɛennaba. Carlos I agellid n Spenyul (Yettwassen daɣen s Charles V deg Tuṛuft) yesseqdec tamdint-a d amkan n tuqqna deffir tawaɣit n tuffɣa n 1541 mgal tagelda taɛetmanit n LezzayerFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Isebtar 102–108. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.Kaddache, Mahfoud (2011) [1982]. L'Algérie des Algériens (s tefransist) Isebtar 310–312. Alger: Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion. ISBN 978-9961-9-6621-1.. 

 Tamdint i d-yettwaɛzelen 
alt=lmuqedmin imasiḥiyen ttxellisen akken ad ssufɣen imasiḥiyen i yellan d aklan sɣur Iṭurkiyen - lqern wis 17 - D aḥric seg leqdic n iflissen iɛetmaniyen|vignette|lmuqedmin imasiḥiyen ttxellisen akken ad ssufɣen imasiḥiyen i yellan d aklan sɣur Iṭurkiyen - lqern wis 17 - D aḥric seg leqdic n iflissen iɛetmaniyen
alt=Tugna n 1815 n aklan imasiḥiyen di Lezzayer - D aḥric seg leqdic n iflissen iɛetmaniyen|vignette|Tugna n 1815 n aklan imasiḥiyen di Lezzayer - D aḥric seg leqdic n iflissen iɛetmaniyen
Atmaten Ɛaruj werǧin ssawḍen ɣer yeswi-nsen n tuṭṭfa n Bgayet deg tudert-nsen. Deg taggara, Salah Raïs, yiwen seg wid i d-yeṭṭfen amkan-nsen, i d-yekcem ɣer temdint deffir umennuɣ n Bgayet (1555) mgal Spenyul s tallelt n Yiẓwawen n Kuku[64]. Di teswiεt-a Bgayet tekcem ɣer temnaḍt n Yiɛetmaniyen n Lezzayer, tezga-d ddaw lḥekma n Beylik n Qsenṭina alamma d 1830. Tabḍit temnaḍt n Yiɛetmaniyen n Tefriqt n Ugafa ɣef kraḍ n yibeyliyen (Timnaḍin s tutlayt taturkit) tessers tamdint-a deg yiwen n umdiq ur nesɛi azal ameqran. Targit tasertant n watmaten Ɛaruj akken n usbedu n tamaneɣt-nsen deg Bgayet tettwaɛzel; tamaneɣt n tagelda n Yiɛetmaniyen deg Tefriqt Ugafa tella tettwasbedd yakan deg tamnaḍt Lezzayer Tamaneɣt n tura i yellan d asagan yettwaḥerzen yerna deg-s llan ttwaxedmen aṭas n yisenfarenCote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 3. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwasekles deg 21 Yennayer 2017.. Tuddsa tameqqrant kan i d-yeqqimen deg Bgayet deg tallit-a d tin n “dar senɛa”; d amkan i lebni n iɣerruba (lbabuṛat) n Dey n Lezzayer TamaneɣtFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 117. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..

Bgayet, ddaw lḥekma n lqayed aṭerki, tettwaḥsab sɣur Lezzayer d tamdint i izemren ad tqabel Lezzayer ɣas akken zzin-as-tt idurar n yiɛdawennFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 115. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. Lezzayer tettabaɛ-d s leḥdert tikli n yiɣallen iɛetmaniyen deg Bgayet imi tugad ad d-yili umennuɣ gar-as d Lezzayer, dɣa tceggeε-d lbabuṛat-is ɣer Bgayet ladɣa deg tegrest imi tiẓgiwin n idurar-is d tiɣremt i d-yefkan. Dɣa tamdint-a teẓra aɣelluy-nnes yettnerni s tɣawla mi ṛuḥen Ispanyulen.

Imezdaɣ n Bgayet llan sεan amḍan amecṭuḥ n yiɣerruba n tnezzut, azal n ɛecrin n tiflukin, i d-yettruḥun ɣer Lezzayer, Wehṛan, Ɛennaba d Tunes akken ad ssufuɣen lɣella n temnaḍt-a deg lḥal yelhan. Deg tegrest, iɣerruba n tnezzut-a tella tettɣimi deg teftist n “Dar Senɛa” seddaw la casbah (s taɛrabt “al-qaṣabah” القصبة "lberǧ") ar tefsutFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 117. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..

Sselɛa i d-yettwassuffuɣen tella deg-s zzit, lxeḍra, tazart, d igelman; ttwassen-d ccac d imendiyen ttwawwin-d seg berra n temdint. Ahat iɣezzuba-a (lbabuṛat) wwin-d tiẓgi i lebni n iɣezzuba di LezzayerFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Asebter 118. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. Deg tallit-a, ikemmel-d ccɣel n iflissen iɛetmaniyen, ladɣa wid yellan deg Jijel. Deg useggas n 1671, sserɣen-tt lbumbat n yiɣezzuba Yigliziyen ddaw n akellef n Edward Spragge akken ad ḥebsen aẓdam n iflissen iɛetmaniyen deg yilel agrakal ɣef iɣezzuba-nsen. Deg tallit-a merra, tamdint ur tettwaḥrez ara, yerna imeslayen n waṭas n yimsebriden i d-yusan ɣer-s, ttmeslayen-d ɣef yir liḥala d lexṣaṣ n uṣeggem n lebni deg tamdint.

Seg tallit-a alamma d tagrawla tafransist, iɣallen n Tmurt n Leqvayel ɛerḍen ad ṭṭfen tamdint mebla ma yessaweḍ yiwen ɣer rbeḥ.

Deg useggas n 1823, Leɛruc n Iwanuɣen d Wasif asemmam ṭṭfen amḍebber n temdint. Deg useggas n 1825, Aɣa Yahia, amḍebber n yiɣallen n Lezzayer, yerza  tamdint yerna yebda tikta n usekcam mgal Leɛruc n Wasif asemmamKaddache, Mahfoud (2011) [1982]. L'Algérie des Algériens (s tefransist) Asebter 490. Alger: Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion. ISBN 978-9961-9-6621-1..

Ẓer daɣen Tamurt n Leqvayel

 Aɣelluy n tagelda taɛetmanit n Lezzayer d tallit n ussehres afransis 

Deg useggas n 1830, Ifransisen bdan-d tikli n tuṭṭfa n tagelda taɛetmanit n Lezzayer. Deg tazwara, tikli-nni tella tettwasnebgi mgal Lezzayer. Maca ur ɛeḍḍlen ara aṭas imi iɣallen-nsen bdan ttnadin ad ṭṭfen Tamurt n Leqvayel, mgal-as i d-bdan aṭas n yimenɣiyen. 

Deg tallit-a, mi teɣli-d tezmert n ussehres aṭerki, ɣef ljal n axrab i d-yellan deffir waya, Leqvayel rran-d tazmert-nsen d kra n leḥkem ɣef temdint d timnaḍin n tmurt-nsen i yellan zik seddaw tamehla n Ṭṭerk yerna werɛad ur llint ddaw n tmehla n Fṛansa.

Timdint d temnaḍt-is rran-d tagrawla meqqren mgal ussehres afṛensis. Seg tazwara, am Yispenyuliyen n awines wis 16, Ifransisen qnen s yiwet n tilin tamecṭuḥt arma d 1846, dɣa bnan-d aṭas n lebni n uḥraz deg tlemmast n temdint akk d deg imukan ɛlayen n temdintHabsbourg, Louis Salvator de (2000) [1899]. Bougie: La perle de l'Afrique du Nord (s tefransist). Paris/Montréal: L’Harmattan. ISBN 2-7384-8455-7.Féraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Isebtar 140–145. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017..

Ayagi ur d-yeḥbis ara tamdint-a ad teṭṭef amkan deg waṭas n tegrawliwin d tmenɣiwin am wid n Crif Bubeɣla, yerna ladɣa nnfaq ameqran n Lḥaǧ Muḥend At Meqqran d Ccix Aḥedad deg 1871.alt=Taftilt n Cape Carbon|vignette|Taftilt n Cape CarbonDeg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafransist, tamdint tella d tamdint tamecṭuḥt s azal n 2000 n yimezdaɣFéraud, Laurent-Charles (1 yennayer 2001). Histoire de Bougie (s tefransist) Isebtar 140–145. Éditions Bouchène. ISBN 978-2-912946-28-7. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yennayer 2017.. Tamdint tettwaɣ-d d taɣiwant s usaḍuf (lqanun) n 17 yunyu 1854"Recherche géographique: Bougie (Algérie)". anom.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr (s tefransist). 2015. Yettwaṭṭef deg 25 Yulyu 2017.. Ifransisen ččuren-d ukalil n temdint s wakal akken ad sɛun ugar n wakal yelhan i lebni, mi d-snulfan asagan n temdint yerna bnan-as-d aḥric n beṛṛa ɣer tama n yilel akken ad yesɛu ugar n wemkan i yiɣerruba. Ahil n usnerni aɣerman n temdint (asnulfu n tama n yilel d iberdan imeqranen) yeǧǧa-d azamul d ameqran deg wamek i d-tnerna temdint seg tallit-nni ar ass-a. Timdint tewwi-d cwiṭ cwiṭ amkan-is d amḍiq alemmas n tmurt n Leqvayel d asagen n ussufuɣ (usifeḍ) n ifuras n tfellaḥt n tmurt-a. Imezdaɣen iqvayliyen mazal ttkemmilen deg leqdic-nsen n usifeḍ ɣef tlisa n yilel. Deg useggas n 1906, imḍebbren n Fṛansa bnan taftilt n Cape Carbon;  d tin yugaren akk deg umaḍal ɣef ssebba n umkan-is ɣef yixef n wedrar (220 n lmitrat deg teɣzi) yerna tafat-is tettaweḍ 53 n yikilumitren ɣer yilelMinistère de l'information  1970, p. 106. Anabaḍ n Lezzayer (s tefransist). 

 Ṭṭraḍ amaḍlan II 
alt=Karanja d Cathay ttwasserɣen ɣer tama n n yilel n Bgayet deffir tmenɣiwin n yigenni n Luftwaffe.|vignette|Karanja d Cathay ttwasserɣen ɣer tama n yilel n Bgayet deffir tmenɣiwin n yigenni n Luftwaffe -  1942.
Deg ṭṭraḍ amaḍlan wis sin, Operation Torch tessers-d iɣallen imarikaniyen d ibriṭaniyen deg Tefriqt n Ugafa, gar-asen yiwen n ugraw n Royal West Kent Regiment n tgelda tageldanit deg Bgayet deg 11 wember 1942. Deg wass-nni, ɣef 4:40 n tmeddit, yiwet n terbaεt n yisafagen n iɣallen n Luftwaffe n Lalman ssersen lbumbat ɣef Bgayet s tlatin n yisafagen Ju 88 d ṣṣenf-nniḍen n yisafagen. Iɣerruba n usifeḍ (aḥemmel) Awatea d Cathay ɣḍeṣen, ma d aɣerrabu n ṭṭraḍ HMS Roberts yettwaɣ. Azekka-nni, aɣerrabu n ṭṭraḍ SS Tynwald d aɣerrabu n usifeḍ Karanja ttwaɣen yerna ɣḍeṣenAtkinson, Rick (2013). An Army At Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942-1943 (s teglizit). Little, Brown Book Group. ISBN 978-1-4055-2727-9.. 

 Ṭṭraḍ n timunent n Lezzayer 
alt=Ɛebban Ṛemḍan|vignette|Ɛebban Ṛemḍan|224x224px
Deg ṭṭrad n timunent n Lezzayer (1 Wamber 1954 – 5 Yulyu 1962 i yettwasnen daɣen s Tagrawla), tamurt n leqvayel tella ddaw yisem n temnaḍt III s ddaw n uselway n Belqasem Krim i d-iḥettmen ad teqqim tmurt n Leqbayel ddaw leɛnaya n Leqvayel; Bgayet tella d aḥric seg temnaḍt III. Agraw n Ṣummam i d-yesseggan Ɛebban Ṛemḍan yesbedd-d tawsit tasertant-taserdasit n umussu aɣelnaw azzayri deg ṭṭraḍ, yeḍra-d deg Uzellagen, deg idurar i llan deffir n BgayetZirem, Youcef (2013). Histoire de Kabylie: Le point de vue kabyle (s tefransist) Asebter 84. Fouesnant: Yoran Embanner. ISBN 978-2-914855-98-3. . Uqbel agraw-a, Ɣef leḥsab n waṭas n tdiwennitin d inagan n Ḥusin At Ḥmed, amennuɣ ur yesɛi ara lsas iǧehden.

 Tamdint tatrart 
vignette|Bgayet - Place Guidon - Lebni n Fransa.Deg yiḍ n ṭṭraḍ n timunent n Lezzayer deg 1954, Bgayet tesɛa azal n 30.000 n yimezdaɣen, gar-asen 6.200 n yifṛensisen. Yiwet n tseddarin ineggura n udabu afṛansis d lebni n  yiwen n aqadu (pipeline) ara yessiwḍen lpeṭrul (zzit n wakal) seg Ḥasi Mesɛud deg uneẓruf ɣer Iɣerruba n usagan n temdint. Deg useggas n 1959, Bgayet tella d taḥanut n wuzzal tameqrant akk deg tmurt n Lezzayer, i d-yettakent idrimen. Deg 1959, Bgayet tella d asagan ameqran n lpeṭrul ay yesɛan azal akk deg Lezzayer, yerna d aɣbalu n tedrimtCote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 4. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwasekles deg 21 Yennayer 2017.. Deg 1962, tettwaqqel ɣer temnaḍt n Sétif, uqbel ad tuɣal d tamaneɣt n temnaḍt-s deg useggas n 1974. Tamdint teẓra tigmi n yimezdaɣ, gar-asen amḍiq n Lexmis, sdeffir ma usan-d aṭas n medden seg tudrin d temnaḍin n tmurt n Leqvayel akken ad ddren deg-sKheladi, Mokhtar (1 yennayer 1993). Urbanisme et systèmes sociaux: la planification urbaine en Algérie (s tefransist) Isebtar 109–110. Office des publications universitaires. .

Bgayet, am temdinin-nniḍen deg Tmurt n Leqvayel, tella d yiwet seg wammasen n tmenɣiwt n tdukli tamaziɣt deg Tafsut n Yimaziɣen n 1980; yerna deg useggas n 2001 akk d deg Tefsut Taberkant. Bgayet daɣen gar tmaneɣin tidamsanin n Tmurt n Leqvayel d yiwet seg yimukan idelsanen yesɛan iswiyen idelsanen am Tizi Wezzu. Alday n unnar asertan yeǧǧa-d ad d-kkren waṭas n tdukliwin n yidles n yal ṣṣenf. Tasdawit n Bgayet, s tilin-is, tettɛawan umussu-a; llan yiɣawasen i wakken ad tili  tasudut n uselmed n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg BgayetCote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 7. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwasekles deg 21 Yennayer 2017.. 

Tigmi s tɣawla n yimezdaɣ n temdint tettak-d uguren i usnulfu n tmezduɣin d uḥraz n yimukan n yidles. Tella daɣen temsalt n twennaṭ i d-yeqqnen ɣer ussuḍes i d-yettasen seg lecɣal n yixxamen d tnezzut. Deg tazwara n yiseggasen n 1990, tigmi n yimezdaɣ, lexṣaṣ n n tsertit yelhan, sneqsen ṣṣenf n twennaṭ n temdint, ɣas akken llan kra n iɣbula i yimal-isKheladi, Mokhtar (1 January 1993). Urbanisme et systèmes sociaux: la planification urbaine en Algérie (in French) Asebter 112. Office des publications universitaires.Cote, M. (1 April 1991). Encyclopédie berbère (s tefransist) Asebter 7. Aix-en-Provence: Éditions Peeters. ISBN 2-85744-509-1. Yettwasekles deg 21 Yennayer 2017..

 Uṭṭunen n yimezdaɣImezdaɣ 
Tamdint tesɛa 177,988 imezdaɣ ɣef leḥsab n 2008.
+Tigmi n yimezdaɣ s wakudpopulstat.info Yettwaḥrez 3 Meɣres 2016 deg Wayback Machine (Asebter s teglizit)AseggasImezdaɣAseggasImezdaɣAseggasImezdaɣAseggasImezdaɣ190114,600192615,900195443,900197774,000190617,500193125,300196063,0001987114,500191110,000193630,700196649,9001987144,400192119,400194828,5001974104,0002008177,988
Tugnatin n Bgayet

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