At Ɛisa Uyeḥya

Awal-a d awal ɣef taddart At Ɛisa Uyeḥya, neɣ ahat d awal ɣef tudrin akk n tmurt-nneɣ imi yiwen n sent akk, rɣant akw, kif kif-itent akk deg wayen ctaqqent.

Taddart
Taddart n At Ɛisa tezga-d di tɣiwant (di lɛarc) At Yellilten, ar usammar n Micli. Am tṭaqa di tudrin n tmurt, ɣef usegrarab i t-ṛessa. U tsenned ar Uzsru n Bibras d-yezgan ɣef ulzelmaḍis (wallit lafuṭu).

S nnig taddart d adrar u ayla-s isawweḍ tilisa-s ar Uzsru n Dhur s wanida d-yebda acercer wasif n Tmuqit imi ssawalen di taddart Asif n Buciker. Ar tama tazelmadt n taddart, seddaw wezsru n Bibras, yella wasif nniḍen imi qqaren Asif n Tegzirt. Maca aneggaru ya yettɣar deg unebdu imi aman-is bḍan ten At Yegfilen d At Tfilkut (snat n tudrin n Lɛarc). 
At Yegfilen sswayen tibḥirin s wayen d-yegran seg iteyyuten d iqadusen At Tfilkut.

At Tfilkut, imi seg Uɣbalu-nsen (Aɣbalu d taferka n Tfilkut d-yezgan sennig win At Yegfilen) id-bdan tikli waman, wwin ten ar taddart nsen imi ta ur tesɛi ara aman.

Ma d aman n wasif n Buciker, bḍan ten At Ɛisa d At Ɛdella (taddart n nniḍen n Lɛarc), timti d-yeqqim kra seg sen si targa, iteddu cwiṭ inezsizs deg wasif-a d-yellan ar tama tayeffust n taddart.

Ass-a, taddart At Ɛisa taqburt teqqim d tilemt, anagar n kra n yexxamen yezgan ttwazedɣen. At Taddart akw udren-d ar …lluḍa, cwiṭ uzaɣar yellan anda yella wexxam n tɣiwant. Ar ijufar n uxxam-a, yettwabnan deg wakal At Ɛisa, i bnan At Taddart ixxamen nsen imaynuten, yerna stexridtin nsen akw iten ssalin.

Imezdaɣ

Taddart At Ɛisa zedɣen-tt assa, ahat, kra n 2500 d ixef. ɣef akken zsriɣ ulac kra n « les statistiques » akken a nwali acḥal n yergazen d ttlawin, acḥal imecṭaḥ d imeqwṛanen, acḥal n yelmezsyen d yemɣaṛen, atg. Wid isteqsaɣ di taddart ɣef anect-a, nnan iyi : « Ula d kečč ziɣeeeen ! Aaa ! war nestufi ara i tigi ! »
Maca, xas akka lluxan acemma wid n wassa, seg imezdaɣ-is n yiḍ-li ufraren-d yergazen isent isnen i tirrugza d tinzar tikli. Mačči d yiwen mačči d sin, ama d irgazen ama d tilawin, i yefkan aqerruy-is ɣef tlelli di ttraḍ n 54-62. Ma d ttraḍ n 63-65 id-yeskar Ukabar Iɣalen Inemlayen (FFS) mgal adabu aɛrab-ineslemzsri, yemmut deg-s Mass At Yiddir. Tuɣ imiren ulac anwa ar a irefden abeckiḍ, irgazen akw tquc iten Fṛansa.

Amezruy n taddart

Imi tira urǧin nessen as tikli s wazwawen, taddart At Ɛisa ur turi ara ɣef umezruy-is. Myal yiwen dacu i yeshetrif ɣef yeḍ-li n taddart. Maca anda yemlal wawal d gma-s, akka i d-wwin tadyant :
Zik taddart At Ɛisa, qqaren as Taddart Ufella. U tezga-d deg yiwen wayla imi neqqar Tala Tasemmadt (acḥal semḍit waman-is deg unebdu !) u Tala Tasemmadadt attan mtwal taddart At Aɛdella.
Maca taddart-a Ufella ur tetḍif ara aṭas, ur teddir ara aṭas mi tenger. Ayen i tt-is negren ttawin aɣ t-id yemɣaren d tadyant akken aɣ d-smektayen « d yiḍelli nneɣ ». U attan ihi amek tella tadyant-a :

Di taddart Ufella tella-d talwit. Imezdaɣ n taddart akw ddren am atmaten, am yiwen u myal yiwen ilha d yiman-is, d uɣrum-is d twacult-is.

Infel ussegwass ɣef gma-s, almi d yiwen wass tufrar-d di taddart yiwet n teqcict « tugar iṭij di tḥuski », tecbeḥ alami d ulamek. Mi tmed kra, ilmezsyen n taddart akkw teččur asen tiṭ, rran-tt akken ma llan. Seg sen, wa yezga yettargu, wa tuɣit yesxaṛxuṛ !
Ihi tilemzsit-a « fkan-tt » imawlan-is i yiwen ilmezsi n taddart, maca nettat ul-is yella yeddem-it wayeḍ, izedɣ-it wayeḍ xas akken s tufra.

Ass-mi tedda d tislit (ɣur-s yurag wanza u ar ilmezsyen yurag imetṭi), ɣilen At Taddart tefra tadyant-is u ad tili am nettat am tlawin nniḍen yelhan d yexxamen nsent « war ma rrant-d tiqaqacin n wul ar ger wallen nsent », xarttum i kra issegwassen.
Yejbed ihi wakud ma d-yejbed, ssennan wussan ɣef wiyiḍ almi d yiwen wass i deg d-tella tmeɣra di taddart. U am akken tella si zik, myal tameddit n wass n tmeɣra s wurar-is. U deg wurar n wassen, ssekrent tt-id tlawin n taddart ad tecḍaḥ tugi. As-mi tt-ḥarsent, tekker u tenna-d awal d-yegwran ar ass-a u yettwasnen aṭas di taddart : « ɣur-wat cḍaḥ-iw isɛa ixeclawen ! »

Maca xas akken tewwet iten-id s wawal, yiwen di taddart ur yerri lmend-is ar uɛeggen-a. Netta ul icaḍen iceffu ! Ihi, acettiḍ ɣef wammas, tuder-d ar tɣarɣart u tebda aneqneq s taɣma, s tayett, s tiṭ. Simmal tulawin kkatent afus, simmal nettat tettaf iman-is di tɣarɣart. Simmal tettḥulfu i tmuɣli n yergazen fell-as, simmal tettezzi iman-is am wemrar.

Mi tella tcetṭaḥ, ilmezsyen n taddart akw uɣalen am imcac deg imirɣan, zzin-d i tɣarɣart sexcen. U kan akka yekker umennuɣ di taddart, wa yekkat deg wa u ssawḍen-tt almi d timegraḍ. Msenɣan almi msengaren, maca tadyant ur d-nni ara amek. Tenna-d kan wid d-yegwran jedlen adeg i taddart u ussan-d ar nnig taddart n wass-a, ar Tala Lbuṛ.

Di Tala Lbuṛ diɣen tukwi-d targazt deg uterras u yekker cwal. Xedmen akka yemɣaren mi zsṛan sani tetteddu tegwnitt, mɣen ar Uzaɣar (n Llexmis) ad walin imrabḍen akken asen d-afen tifrat, abrid ar ad yerren talwit di taddart d tigzi deg wallaɣen. Ččuren iqiḍunen, ssennan iɣwyal, ṭfen ibardan nsen ar « sidi ».

Ihi, mi wwḍen, mlalen-d Imrabḍen Uzsaɣar, mmuccahen asen tadyant n taddart yellan « ɣef yiri n ngar wis sin ». Imrabḍen, di tmusni nsen yezsḍan ɣef nneyya n Umsedrar, ufan asen-d tifrat, abrid u nnan asen-d :
« Qqimet ddaw taddart-a nwen, smarkit sin wakraren u tanfem asen ad mwaten. Anda ifran ad tebnum dina Lǧama, u ad a tcetlem din. U akka kan ar a tekkes daɛwessu tewwi taddart nwen. »
Mi d-uɣalen imɣaṛen ar taddart zsṛan dacu isen-d yeqqimen ad txedmen akken ad selken taddart nsen « seg yimi n yizem ». Smarkin akraren, unfen asen mwaten almi yeɣli yiwen seg sen, u yeɣli anda akka ibed ass-a Lǧama ilem n taddart (i ɣef yenneqneq, yebɛuzsel udebsi n Uparabul).

Buciker

Buciker d aɛessas n taddart. Myal assegwass, deg wagur n ɣuct, yettili-d usensi deg-s. U ass n tmeɣra yagi iɣ d-ǧǧan imezwura, di tmezgida n Buciker ulac ansi ar a tekkeḍ di medden. « Ula ma yella win d-iḍelqen i tmellalt seg igenni, ur tettruzsuy ara ! », s wawalen-a ittzuxun Irgazen d tlawin At Ɛisa m’ ar a yekfu usensi.

Maca, ma yella tameɣra ya tessefsis awal gar medden, tessaɣay taḍsa ɣef wudmawen, tettekkes aɣilif ɣef wid yennuɣnan, tettak asirem i wid d-irezfen as ḥedṛen, tessassay-d diɣen tadrimt i taddart. Aḥetṭuf iṣurdiyen id-yettawi wegraw n yemɣaṛen ideɛun i wid mi fessus wul (wid yettakken lwaɛda) s wurawen n usirem, d tudert ɣwuzifen, d uɣṛum afessas, amellal, diɣen s wayen akw yettmenni umdan i yiman-is d warraw-is. Si tama nniḍen, imɣaṛen daɛun diɣen i win yebɣan ad yawi « ttwab » d tumert si Buciker akken ur t-id yettaweḍ ara wayen n diri : a war teččeḍ aɣrum asemmaḍ, a war tedduḍ ḥafi,…

S « yedrimen-a n Buciker » d wayen d-bedzren At Taddart, tadamsa n At Ɛisa tufa iman-is u tugdi n tegwnatin n ddiq urǧin tella-d di taddart-a.

Yella diɣen usensi nniḍen di taddart At Ɛisa, maca wagi d amecṭuḥ, i « At Taddart kan » u yettili-d kra n smanat seld win n Buciker di tmezgida n Wannar Abextit.
Zik, u tikwal ula d ttura, di tmezgida yagi n Wannar Abextit i d-ttili tmeɣṛa n Anzsar timti a tebdu tettiwriɣ tmurt neɣ m’ ar a yeffad wakal tiqit n waman.

U iɛessasen-agi merra, At Taddart ur ten tettun ara kra ar a yekk ussegwass, aggali s Buciker deg At Ɛisa yugar win s Ṛebbi. Win terra tmara ad iggal, yesmenyif ad iḥnet s Ṛebbi wala ad iḥnet s Buciker. Tanḍelt daɣen deg-s i tettili imi timeqbeṛt n taddart attan deffir tmezgida, u akka ar tura, ur d-yelli ara win izemren ad yeddu ar din deg iḍ (ala win terra tmara). At Taddart akw ttagaden annar-a izsekwan deg uḍellis. U mačči d yiwet macci d sant n tmucuha i nesla ɣef wid iwalan neɣ imlalen iwkilen deg iḍ dinna. Kra tban asen-d tafat tetteddu am umdan, kra d « Taqqufett At Laxart », kra d « Mzizel Izsekwan », kra d « Buberrak » u llan akw ya kra imeslab yegganen din d-inagen d akken wallan …Buciker s timad-is. Xarttum di taddart, terretwi tsekla n…tugdi, win ibɣan ad inadi …

Tineggura-ya, imi At Taddart akw udren-d ɣar « luḍa », ula d igrawen n taddart (Inejmuɛa) d iɛeggalen-is (Tṭemman) di tmezgida n Buciker id-ttellin. Akka At Taddart ur ttalin ara ar Taddart taqburt, « ar winhin hah ».

Ihi, aṭas n tlufa n taddart At Ɛisa i iqnen ar Buciker « ucbiḥ » akken qqarent temɣaṛin. Yiwet ur d-ttili ma ulac-it…akka i tella tudert di Taddart-a.

Isenfaren n taddart

Mi kreɣ ad refdeɣ awal ɣef tudert n zik di taddart At Ɛisa, ur ufiɣ ara awal ar a isendhen abrid n tudert, neɣ tamḥiqt, deg uzirig n wakud neɣ deg ubrid-is.
Nudaɣ deg idlisen, deg imawalen, deg uzsetṭa n Internet, farsaɣ di tenfaliyin nneɣ am akken farsen medden tifarkiwin di tefsut, maca i ufiɣ ala : Tigert !

Maca, imi rriɣ u ilaq iyi a t-sqedceɣ, snulfaɣt-id : tazikennitt. Tazikennitt ihi d amek yedder umdan zik, u tazikennitt di taddart At Ɛisa, akken ad nuɣal ɣer wawal nneɣ, tella-d kan. Ur tettaččar ara tiṭ !

Xas akken tatrat tessaɣ akw di tmura n umaḍal, di tmurt n Uzwaw d tikli n tfiraɛqest i tetteddu. Tikwal ar zdat, tikwal timendeffirt u tikwal nniḍen di tṭarf, deg dis.
Di tikli n zdat, neǧǧa « ddaw wexxam » u nessali lkabinat deg ixxamen, nessers ayeddid uɣerrus u nerfeḍ abidun ukawačču, nesnes times n yesɣaṛen i usewwi u nessaɣ tin ifurnuten n lgaz,…
Di tin n deg dis, nekkes asarwal « aɛrab » u nelsa asarwal atrar, neǧǧa tiɣimit di tejmaɛt u nekcem ar leqhawi,…
Ma di tin n timendeffirt, nɣil ad nessenser di tzikennitt, ziɣ nettwaqqen ar ɣur-s : nugi as i tmetṭut awal d uzref, nehmel tameslayt nneɣ u nerfed awal s tid n medden. Nezga, ar assa n wussan, nettɣili d akken tira s tmeslayin n medden aɣ d-awi tilelli, tugdut, beqqu n usqardec n tektiwin, tabɣest d tumart akken as nesnerni di tsekla nneɣ. Maca netta tikli ya d-nedda deg ubrid n yir tirga, tejgugel yis nneɣ alami d-nufa iman nneɣ d asigwar i nleqqweḍ imi timeslayin-a tiwardanin neǧṛen yiss-ent imawlan nsent taɣanimt n tmuɣli nsen ɣar tlufa n tudert, u nekwnni nedda di lḥemla tiṭ tebbundel !

Cfu-k-id, am At Ɛisa am tudrin nniḍen n tmurt, yiwen wudem, yiwet n tikli,…yiwet n tzikennitt ! Acku myal taddart d yiwet kan gar yessis n Tmurt.

Asenfar n waman

Am akken i t-id nniɣ yagi, tudrin At Yellilten myarfadent abeckiḍ mačči d tikelt ɣef temsalt n waman.
Deg ussegwass n 1990 d At Ɛisa d At Yegfilen i niqqal myefkan-tt di Ssed Ufella. Nerna assegwass mecqarwan At Tfilkut d At Uzsru s texnefyac. Kra n wagguren kan s yin, tekker gar At Tfilkut d At Yegfilen. Wanag At Ɛisa d At Ɛdella si zik ttmyezlazen, dɣa ɣef snat-a tineggura awwen-d awwiɣ yiwet n tmacahutt is issarfayen warrac At Ɛisa wid n At Ɛdella :
Zik (wissen melmi ?) At Ɛdella necfen. Myal m’ ar ad-aweḍ tmecredt di taddart At Ɛisa ad mɣen asen tt-ksen. Dɣa At Ɛdella ad ččen « Jijju », At Ɛisa ad ččen imetman d ileddayen.
Yiwen ussegwass, mi d-wweḍ tmecredt, am myal assegwass yezrin, At Ɛisa zsran i wumi ar a zlun akraren d yezgaren, dɣa xedmen akka myefkan awal ad zlun « Iɣwyal » akken ma usan-d At Ɛdella « ad retɛen asnus ». U akken i teffeɣ : iɣwyal mmezlen, At Ɛdella mgagin-d ad awin « tacriḥt » !
U assa, m’ akka d-ɣli talwit ger snat n tudrin-a, tamsalt-a n « uɣyul » teqqim-d d tamseḍsit. Wa yeqqar : zik nerna kwen u nekkes awen timecredt macci d tikkelt ! Wa yettara yas : Zik nessečč awen aɣyul !

Ma d tadyant n waman, ar assa n wussan, s nqqar n tiṭ i ttemyexzaṛen At Yellilten. U ahat d aya i idegren taddart At Ɛisa ad tessekcem aman-is ar ixxamen deg issegwassen n 1993-1994. Yerna di tallit-nni adabu aɛrab-ineslemizsri, stiṭ n tɣiwant, ccuren as tiṭ issafen yekkaten gemmaḍ-in gemmaḍ-a di tegrest.

Tura xas akka ar tteblagiɣ deg wawal ar wayeḍ, ayen rriɣ a t-id inniɣ d akken taddart At Ɛisa tekker as i yiwen usenfar anect-ilat. Di tazwarra, s wawal, nɣil-it akw ulamek-it, d awezɣi. Maca di tidett, di tigat, akken nniḍen i teffeɣ imi At Taddart akken ma llan s tezmert, s iɣallen, s idrimen, ay ameqqwran ay amecṭuh, ay argaz a tametṭut ddan akw yiwet n tikli ugar n sin issegwassen. Yiwen ur issris iɣessan is alami d assmi d-kecmen waman, yellan ttezririgen zik i waḍu, ixxamen.

U kra yečča usenfar-a d adrim, aṭenṭun ur t-id yefki udabu. Kra din gren as irebbi At Taddart iman nsen, s tirrugza d tissas.

Ass aneggaru, ass n tmeɣṛa, assmi wwḍen waman ar uxxam aqarni di taddart, begsen-d Imḍebren n taddart ad nemmren akw imezdaɣ n taddart ɣef ayen ssalin, ɣef ayen gan, ɣef ayen imi ḥekren u gan tameɣṛa i taddart anect-ilatt u acki-tt : ečč, ssu !

Maca ass-nni, ayen gziɣ nekkinni, d akken Tamurt n Uzwaw s umata ur tesɛi ara adabu u imezdaɣ-is ma yella ur ttkilen ara ɣef yiman nsen, ur ten id-ittawweḍ wara, u ur xedmen yiwet. U ayen iyi sdubzen diɣen, mi gziɣ belli leqbayel zemren i yiman-nsen m’ar a dduklen. Wwin-d iman nsen ama di tmecṭuḥin ama di tmeqwranin.

Tiwaculin n taddart

Am tudrin akw n tmurt, ismawen n twaculin di taddart At Ɛisa xarqen-tent « Irumyen » d Waɛraben ass-mi nedder ddaw uḍar umahras afransis. Xarbeqen asent udem s id-lulent maḍi. 
Llant d tizwawin, d timaziɣin, d tiquranin u seg wass-mi id-isbed Urumi “mmi-s n Bexta” ar temhalt neɣ iḥarkiyen-nni nneɣ « yeɣran » di zzawiyyat, yuɣal mmi-s n wedrar ur yettwafran, ur yettwafṛaz gar warraw n Lyaman neɣ n Lɛiraq…Ssrewten igar u yiwen ur asen yenni : Hemma ! U akka yuɣalen « Imceddalen » d « Mced Allah !»,…
Timti ur ssɛarben ara isem n twacult, ggarzen as afzim afransis ɣef unyir u akka i yuɣalen « At Ufella » d « Aït Oufela »,…

Atent-in ihi :
 At Udiɛ.................ssarsen-ten.....Aït Aoudia
 At Ɛetman.............ssarsen-ten.....Tantemante
 At Yidir.................ssarsen-ten.....Guiddir
 At Tiɣilt.................ssarsen-ten.....Bekkou
 At Ugwni...............ssarsen-ten.....Ould Bekkou
 At Mesɛud............ssarsen-ten.....Oumouhand
 At Uciban..............ssarsen-ten.....Chibane
 At Mḥend Sɛid.....ssarsen-ten.....Ben Bekkou
 At Ḥmed..............ssarsen-ten.....Aït Ahmed
 At Ubeqqasem......ssarsen-ten.....Naït Bekkou
 At Yaḥya..............ssarsen-ten.....Yahoui
 Iwejɛuden.............ssarsen-ten.....Oudjaouden
 At Remḍan...........ssarsen-ten.....Aït Ramdane
 At Rabaḥ..............ssarsent-ten....Aït Rabah

Tella-d yagi diɣen twacult At Ufella maca tenger. D Faḍma At Ufella I d taneggarut seg sen u temmut deg issegwassen n 80.

Maca ismawen n twaculin n taddart At Ɛisa ttusseqqant sya-u-sya, send u seld Fṛansa. Wanag ur yelli dacu ar ad yawwin isemawen am At Ramdan, At Rabaḥ, At Mesɛud neɣ At Aḥmed ar ul n Tmurt Umaziɣ. U xas akken sselsen yagi yir aceṭṭiḍ i udem n twaculin n tuddar nneɣ, Aɛṛaben ur arwin ara. Bedden-d ar tama Uṛumi, dɣa ddan deg wayen d-iqqimen : « At » d « U » rran ten d « Ould » neɣ « Ben » …

D aya kan ihi i rriɣ a t-id iniɣ ɣef taddart At Ɛisa « Uyaḥya », ma d ayen ddren imezdaɣ-is ama di ttrad n 54-62 neɣ deg win n 62-65, tigellel n wassa d waguren ttemlilin yelmezsyen-is, tudert tasartit di taddart, iderma d tmegraḍ d-wwi « tedrumt » neɣ « tṣeffit » ad as nanef i tikkelt niḍen.

 Tamselyut 
 Imyura.net 

At ɛisa Uyaḥya