Eredivisie

Eredivisie (pocapan Walanda: [ˈeːrədivizi]; "Divisi Kehormatan" utawa "Divisi Premier") minangka level bal-balan profesional paling dhuwur ing Walanda. Liga kasebut didegake ing 1956, rong taun sawise wiwitan bal-balan profesional ing Walanda. Ing musim 2020-21, iki dadi peringkat liga paling kaping 8 ing Eropa dening UEFA.

Eredivisie kalebu 18 klub. Saben klub ketemu saben klub liyane kaping pindho sajrone musim, sepisan ing omah lan sawise adoh. Ing pungkasan saben musim, loro klub ing sisih ngisor otomatis mudhun menyang level nomer loro sistem liga Walanda, Eerste Divisie (Divisi Pertama), sementara juara lan runner-up Eerste Divisie kanthi otomatis dipromosekake dadi Eredivisie. Klub rampung nomer telu saka ngisor dhasar Eredivisie banjur misahake play-off promosi / degradasi karo wolung klub sing papane dhuwur saka Eerste Divisie.

Pemenang Eredivisie negesake kejuaraan nasional Walanda. Ajax wis menang gelar paling akeh, kanthi 26 (34 judhul nasional). PSV Eindhoven sabanjure duwe 21 (24), lan Feyenoord ngetutake 10 (15). Wiwit taun 1965, telung klub kasebut menang kabeh nanging telung judhul Eredivisie (judhul 1981 lan 2009 dadi AZ lan FC Twente menang judhul 2010). Ajax, PSV lan Feyenoord dikenal minangka "Three Three" utawa "Three Top Top Tradisional" bal-balan Walanda. Dheweke minangka siji-sijine klub ing bentuk saiki sing ora nate dibuwang metu saka Eredivisie wiwit dibentuk. Klub nomer papat, FC Utrecht, minangka asil penggabungan taun 1970 ing antarane telung klub kutha kasebut, salah sijine yaiku VV DOS, uga ora nate dibuwang metu saka Eredivisie.

Wiwit taun 1990 nganti 1999, jeneng resmi liga yaiku PTT Telecompetitie (sawise sponsor, PTT Telecom), sing diganti dadi KPN Telecompetitie (amarga PTT Telecom ganti jenenge dadi KPN Telecom ing taun 1999) lan menyang KPN Eredivisie ing taun 2000. Saka 2002 nganti 2005, liga kasebut diarani Holland Casino Eredivisie. Wiwit musim 2005-06, liga kasebut disponsori dening Sponsorloterij (lotre), nanging amarga alasan hukum jenenge ora bisa dilampirake ing liga (pamrentah Walanda nglawan jeneng kasebut, amarga Eredivisie bakal, sawise sponsor Holland Casino , nanging maneh disponsori dening perusahaan sing nyedhiyakake game kanthi kasempatan. Tanggal 8 Agustus 2012 diumumake publik yen tauke Rupert Murdoch wis entuk hak kanggo Eredivisie suwene 12 taun kanthi biaya 1 milyar euro, diwiwiti ing musim 2013-14. Ing kesepakatan iki, limang klub Eredivisie paling gedhe kudu nampa 5 yuta euro saben taun sajrone kontrak. Ing taun 2020, Eredivisie ditinggal amarga pandemi COVID-19.

 Sejarah 
Wiwit madege kejuaraan bal-balan nasional Walanda ing taun 1898 nganti 1954, judhul kasebut diputusake kanthi play-off dening sawetara klub sing sadurunge menang liga regional. Kompetisi kasebut murni amatir; Asosiasi Sepak Bola Kerajaan Belanda (KNVB) nolak pambayaran apa wae lan pemain sing ditanggepi sing kejiret nampa gaji utawa transfer biaya. Telpon kanggo bal-balan profesional tuwuh ing awal taun lima puluhan sawise akeh anggota tim nasional sing budhal main ing luar negeri kanggo golek keuntungan finansial. KNVB biasane nundha para pemain kasebut, supaya ora bisa dadi tim nasional Walanda. Sawise banjir Laut Lor taun 1953, para pemain Walanda ing luar negeri (umume main ing liga Prancis) nganakake pertandingan amal nglawan timnas Prancis ing Paris. Pertandhingan kasebut diboikot dening KNVB, nanging sawise pemain Walanda sing nglumpukake ngalahake Prancis (2-1), publik Walanda nyekseni ketinggian sing bisa diraih liwat bal-balan profesional. Kanggo nyedhiyakake minat sing saya akeh, asosiasi bal-balan profesional sing ora setuju (NBVB) lan liga didegake kanggo musim 1954-55. Tanggal 3 Juli 1954, KNVB ketemu karo klompok ketua klub amatir sing kuwatir, sing wedi manawa pemain paling apik bakal gabung karo tim profesional. Rapat kasebut, dijuluki slaapkamerconferentie ('konferensi kamar'), nyebabake Asosiasi ora gelem nampa semi-profesionalisme.

Kangge, KNVB lan NBVB miwiti kompetisi kapisah. Pertandhingan bal-balan profesional sing kaping pisanan ditandingi antarane Alkmaar lan Venlo. Liga kasebut urip nganti sewelas puteran, sadurunge penggabungan dirundingake ing antarane rong federasi ing wulan November. Kaloro liga dibatalake lan kompetisi gabungan anyar muncul langsung. De Graafschap, Amsterdam, Alkmaar lan Fortuna '54 saka NBVB ditampa ing liga anyar. Klub liyane gabung, sing nyebabake jeneng anyar kaya Rapid J.C., Holland Sport lan Roda Sport. Liga profesional pertama (semi-) dimenangake dening Willem II. Kanggo musim 1956-57, KNVB ninggali sistem liga regional. Eredivisie didegaké, ing kana ana wolulas klub paling apik ing saindenging negara langsung main judhul liga tanpa main-main. Anggota eredivisie pertama ing taun 1956 yaiku Ajax, BVC, BVV, DOS, EVV, Elinkwijk, SC Enschede, Feijenoord, Fortuna '54, GVAV, MVV, NAC, NOAD, PSV, Rapid JC, Sparta, VVV '03 lan Willem II. Ajax minangka tim pertama sing entuk gelar musim kasebut.

 Tim Saiki (2020–21) 
+KlubKuthaKapasitasPosisi ing taun 2018-19Musim 1 ing EredivisieJumlah Musim EredivisieJumlah pertama wiwit didegake EredivisieJumlah musim wiwit didegake EredivisieGelar EredivisieGelar NasionalGelar TerakhirAjaxa bAmsterdam54.990ke-11956–57641956–576426342019AZAlkmaar17.250ke-41968–69421998–9922222009ADO Den HaagThe Hague15.000ke-91957–58462008–0912021943FC EmmenbEmmen8.600ke-142018–1922018–19200 -Feyenoorda bRotterdam51.137ke-31956–57641956–57641015207Fortuna SittardSittard12.500ke-151968–69212018–19200 -FC GroningenGroningen22.579ke-81971–72412000–012000 -SC HeerenveenHeerenveen27.224ke-111990–91281993–942700 -Heracles AlmeloAlmelo12.080ke-71962–63202005–0615021941PSVa bEindhoven36.500ke-21956–57641956–576421242018Sparta RotterdamaRotterdam11.026promosi1956–57542019–201161959TwentecEnschede30.205promosi1956–57612019–201112010FC UtrechtbUtrecht23.750ke-61970–71501970–712000 -VitesseArnhem21.248ke-51971–72351989–903100 -VVV-VenloaVenlo8.000ke-121956–57232017–18300 -RKC WaalwijkWaalwijk7.508promosi*1988–89242019–20100 -Willem IIaTilburg14.500ke-101956–57432014–156031955PEC ZwolleZwolle14.000ke-131978–79202012–13800 -
* FC Twente rampung pisanan ing Eerste Divisie. Sparta Rotterdam rampung ing urutan nomer loro lan menang nglawan De Graafschap ing final playoff. RKC Waalwijk ana ing posisi 8 lan ngalahake Go Ahead Eagles ing playoff final.

a anggota Pendiri Eredivisie

b Ora nate mundur saka Eredivisie

c Anggota pendiri Eredivisie (minangka Sportclub Enschede)

 Klub 
+KlubJuaraPangkat nomer loroTaun JuaraAjax34231917–18, 1918–19, 1930–31, 1931–32, 1933–34, 1936–37, 1938–39, 1946–47, 1956–57, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1969–70, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2018–19PSV Eindhoven24141928–29, 1934–35, 1950–51, 1962–63, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1996–97, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18Feyenoord15211923–24, 1927–1928, 1935–36, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1964–65, 1968–69, 1970–71, 1973–74, 1983–84, 1992–93, 1998–99, 2016–17HVV Den Haag1011890–91, 1895–96, 1899–1900, 1900–01, 1901–02, 1902–03, 1904–05, 1906–07, 1909–10, 1913–14Sparta Rotterdam6 -1908–09, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1914–15, 1958–59RAP531891–92, 1893–94, 1896–97, 1897–98, 1898–99Go Ahead Eagles451916–17, 1921–22, 1929–30, 1932–33Koninklijke HFC331889–90, 1892–93, 1894–95Willem II311915–16, 1951–52, 1954–55HBS Craeyenhout3 -1903–04, 1905–06, 1924–25AZ221980–81, 2008–09Heracles Almelo211926–27, 1940–41ADO Den Haag2 -1941–42, 1942–43RCH2 -1922–23, 1952–53NAC Breda141920–21FC Twente132009–10DWS131963–64Roda JC Kerkrade*121955–56Be Quick121919–20FC Eindhoven121953–54SC Enschede111925–26DOS111957–58FC Den Bosch111947–48De Volewijckers1 -1943–44HFC Haarlem1 -1945–46Limburgia1 -1949–50SVV1 -1948–49Quick Den Haag1 -1907–08VV Concordia1 -1888–89

 Cathetan Pamuter 

 Penampilan 
+NoJenengPertandinganPosisi MuterPertandingan PisananPertandingan Pungkasan1Pim Doesburg687Kiper1962–631986–872Jan Jongbloed684Kiper1959–601985–863Piet Schrijvers576Kiper1963–641984–85

 Gol 
+NoJenengGolPertandingangol saben gamePosisi MuterGol PisananGol Pungkasan1Willy van der Kuijlen3115450.57Penyerang1964–651981–822Ruud Geels2663920.68Penyerang1964–651983–843Johan Cruijff2163090.70Penyerang1964–651983–844Kees Kist2123720.60Penyerang1972–731983–845Tonny van der Linden208 - -Penyerang1956–571966–67

 Skor Paling Dhuwur 
+MusimSkor Paling DhuwurGolKlub1956–57Coen Dillen42PSV1957–58Leo Canjels32NAC1958–59Leo Canjels34NAC1959–60Henk Groot37Ajax1960–61Henk Groot41Ajax1961–62Dick Tol27FC Volendam1962–63Pierre Kerkhofs22PSV1963–64Frans Geurtsen28DWS1964–65Frans Geurtsen23DWS1965–66Willy van der Kuijlen23PSVPiet KruiverFeyenoord1966–67Johan Cruijff33Ajax1967–68Ove Kindvall28Feyenoord1968–69Dick van Dijk30FC TwenteOve KindvallFeyenoord1969–70Willy van der Kuijlen26PSV1970–71Ove Kindvall24Feyenoord1971–72Johan Cruijff25Ajax1972–73Cas Janssens18NECWilly BrokampMVV1973–74Willy van der Kuijlen27PSV1974–75 Ruud Geels30Ajax1975–76 Ruud Geels29Ajax1976–77 Ruud Geels34Ajax1977–78 Ruud Geels30Ajax1978–79Kees Kist34AZ'671979–80Kees Kist27AZ'671980–81 Ruud Geels22Sparta1981–82Wim Kieft32Ajax1982–83Peter Houtman30Feyenoord1983–84Marco van Basten28Ajax1984–85Marco van Basten22Ajax1985–86Marco van Basten37Ajax1986–87Marco van Basten31Ajax1987–88Wim Kieft29PSV1988–89Romário19PSV1989–90Romário23PSV1990–91Romário25PSV Dennis BergkampAjax1991–92 Dennis Bergkamp24Ajax1992–93 Dennis Bergkamp26Ajax1993–94Jari Litmanen26Ajax1994–95Romário30PSV1995–96Luc Nilis21PSV1996–97Luc Nilis21PSV1997–98Nikos Machlas34Vitesse1998–99Ruud van Nistelrooy31PSV1999–20Ruud van Nistelrooy29PSV2000–01Mateja Kežman24PSV2001–02Pierre van Hooijdonk24Feyenoord2002–03Mateja Kežman35PSV2003–04Mateja Kežman31PSV2004–05Dirk Kuyt29Feyenoord2005–06Klaas-Jan Huntelaar33SC Heerenveen/Ajax2006–07Afonso Alves34SC Heerenveen2007–08Klaas-Jan Huntelaar33Ajax2008–09Mounir El Hamdaoui23AZ2009–10Luis Suárez35Ajax2010–11Björn Vleminckx23NEC2011–12Bas Dost32SC Heerenveen2012–13Wilfried Bony31Vitesse2013–14Alfreð Finnbogason29SC Heerenveen2014–15Memphis Depay22PSV2015–16Vincent Janssen27AZ2016–17Nicolai Jørgensen21Feyenoord2017–18Alireza Jahanbakhsh21AZ2018–19Luuk de Jong28PSVDušan TadićAjax2019–20Steven Berghuis15FeyenoordCyriel DessersHeracles Almelo

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