Mencawak

Mencawak, menyawak, nyambik utawa slira/salira (Varanus), yaiku kadhal gedhé asli saka Afrika, Asia lan Oséania. Nanging saik uga tinemu ing Amérika minangka spésiès invasif. Ana 79 spésiès kang saiki wis kenali.

 Wedharan 
Mencawak kalebu jinis kadhal kang gedhé, duwé gulu kang dawa, buntut lan cakar kang rosa. Dawané saka 20 cm nganti luwi saka 3 m mligi tumrap menyawak komodho. Déné jinis Varanus priscus kang wus cures malah luwih saka 7 m. Akéh jinis mencawak kang karnivora kanthi mangan gegremet, urang-urangan, endhog, rèptil cilik, iwak lan mamalia cilik. Akéh-akéhé mencawak mangan kéwan invertebrata nalika isih nom, déné sawisé diwasa mangan kéwan vertebrata. Menyawak komodho diwasa, jinis menyawak kang paling gedhé luwih saka 50% pangané rupa kidang. Déné 3 spésiès mencawak saka Filipina kang urip ing wit, yaiku Varanus bitatawa, Varanus mabitang, lan Varanus olivaceus mung mangan woh-wohan. Racaké mencawak urip dhéwé, nanging uga bisa urip ing kelompok nganti cacah 25 ing ékosistem kang larang banyu.

 Spésiès 

jmpl|V. bengalensis, Mencawak Bengala
jmpl|V. timorensis, Mencawak Timor
jmpl|V. salvadorii, mencawak baya
jmpl|ka|Mencawak Nil|pra=Special:FilePath/Nile,_Lake_Manyara.jpg
jmpl|ka|V. nilocitus
jmpl|ka|Varanus albigularis albigularis
ka|jmpl|Mencawak banyu (Varanus salvator salvator)|pra=Special:FilePath/Asian_water_(Varanus_salvator_salvator).JPG
jmpl|ka|Perentie (Varanus giganteus)
jmpl|Varanus macraei
Génus Varanus
Spqcixs kang ditengeri  ateges wis cures

Subgénus Empagusia:
 V. bengalensis
 V. dumerilii
 V. flavescens
 V. nebulosus
 V. rudicollis

Subgénus Euprepiosaurus:Ziegler, Thomas; Schmitz, Andreas; Koch, Andre; Böhme, Wolfgang (2007). "A review of the subgenus Euprepiosaurus of Varanus (Squamata: Varanidae): morphological and molecular phylogeny, distribution and zoogeography, with an identification key for the members of the V. indicus and the V. prasimus species groups". Zootaxa 1472: 1-28.

 V. beccarii
 V. boehmei
 V. caerulivirens
 V. cerambonensis
 V. doreanus
 V. finschi
 V. indicus
 V. jobiensis
 V. juxtindicus
 V. keithhorneiVaranus keithhornei, The Reptile Database
 V. kordensis
 V. macraei
 V. melinus
 V. lirungensis
 V. obor
 V. prasinusVaranus prasinus, The Reptile Database
 V. rainerguentheri
 V. reisingeri Eidenmüller, Bernd; Wicker, Rudolf (2005). "Eine weitere neue Waranart aus dem Varanus prasinus-Komplex von den Insel Misol, Indonesian ". Sauria 27 (1): 3-8. (Varanus reisingeri, new species). (in German).
 V. spinulosus
 V. semotus
 V. telenesetes
 V. zugorum

Subgénus Odatria:
 V. acanthurus
 V. a. acanthurus
 V. a. brachyurus
 V. a. insulanicus
 V. auffenbergi
 V. baritjiVaranus baritji, The Reptile Database
 V. brevicauda
 V. bushi
 V. caudolineatus
 V. eremius
 V. gilleni
 V. glauerti
 V. glebopalma
 V. hamersleyensis
 V. kingorum
 V. mitchelli
 V. sparnus
 V. storri
 V. s. storri
 V. s. ocreatus
 V. timorensis
 V. tristis
 V. t. orientalis

Subgénus Papusaurus:
 V. salvadorii

Subgénus Philippinosaurus:
 V. bitatawa
 V. mabitang
 V. olivaceus

Subgénus Polydaedalus:
 V. albigularis
 V. a. albigularis
 V. a. angolensis
 V. a. microstictus
 V. exanthematicus
 V. niloticus
 V. ornatus
 V. stellatus

Subgénus Psammosaurus:
 V. griseus
 V. g. griseus
 V. g. caspius
 V. g. koniecznyi
 V. nesterovi

Subgénus Soterosaurus:
 V. bangonoromhttps://news.ku.edu/2015/01/12/undercover-researchers-expose-two-new-species-lizard-sale-philippine-black-market
 V. cumingi
 V. dalubhasa
 V. marmoratus
 V. nuchalis
 V. palawanensis
 V. rasmusseni Koch, André; Gaulke, Maren; Böhme, Wolfgang (2010). "Unravelling the underestimated diversity of Philippine water Lizards (Squamata: Varanus salvator complex), with description of two new species and a new subspecies". Zootaxa 2446: 1-54. (Varanus rasmusseni, new species, p. 28)."Varanus (Soterosaurus) rasmusseni ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
 V. salvator, Mencawak banyu
 V. s. salvator,
 V. s. andamanensis
 V. s. bivittatus
 V. s. macromaculatus
 V. s. ziegleri

Subgénus †Varaneades:
 †V. amnhophilis

Subgénus Varanus:
 V. giganteus
 V. gouldii
 V. komodoensis, Komodho
 V. mertensi
 V. panoptes
 V. p. panoptes
 V. p. horni
 V. p. rubidus
 †V. priscus(cures)
 V. rosenbergi
 V. spenceri
 V. varius

Rujukan