クリミア・カライム人

クリミア・カライム人（Crimean KaraitesまたはKrymkaraylar）は、カライム語を話すテュルク系民族である。

起源
チュルク語を話すカライム人は、何世紀にもわたってクリミアに住んできた。その起源は大きな論争の的である。ほとんどの現代科学者"The first direction that dominates present-day scientific circles says the Karaites are Jews both in the religious and the ethnic respect. Representatives of the second direction claim that ethnically Karaites are not Jewish but descendants of the Khazars, Polovets, and other Turkic nations. In the opinion of the followers of this theory, the Karaites have their own religion based upon ancient Turkic beliefs that have only indirect relation to Judaism. …" T.Schegoleva Karaites of Crimea: History and Present-Day Situation in Community "The second avenue of approach, which, due to the specificity of the activities of Karaite community, is mostly supported by researchers in Eastern Europe, is related with the transformation of Karaite identity. Researchers tend to accept the theory of Karaite Khazarian origins, and apply it in their studies.Because of its limitations — the critical application of this approach to the Karaites history before the 20th c. is logically almost impossible — the Karaite studies are not sufficiently developed in this region. And in the last decades this approach attracts even less adherents — with an exception of more of descriptive nature, journalistic initiatives, which are supported by Lithuanian Karaite community. While the Khazarian approach is rather critically assessed by the academic community» Dovile Troskovaite.Identity in Transition: The Case of Polish Karaites in the first half of the 20th century.//University of Klaipeda (Lithuania) 2013 p. 210は、彼らをクリミアに定住し、キプチャクの言語を採用したカライ派ユダヤ人の子孫と見なしている。一方で、彼らをカライ派ユダヤ教に改宗したハザール人、クマン人またはキプチャクの子孫と見なしている人もいるSee e.g Inscription in Khazarian Rovas script。多くのクリミア・カライ人はセム族（ユダヤ人）の起源説を拒否しており、ハザール人の子孫であると認識しているBlady, Ken. Jewish Communities in Exotic Places. Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 2000. pp. 115–130.。ハザールの歴史の専門家の中には、カライムのハザール起源説に疑問を呈する人もいる ,p.9Brook, Kevin Alan. The Jews of Khazaria. 3rd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2018. p. 211–213, 215–216.。

脚注

からいむしん
Category:ウクライナの民族
Category:ロシアの民族
Category:テュルク系民族