ハプログループB (Y染色体)

ハプログループB-M60 (Y染色体)（ハプログループB Yせんしょくたい、英: Haplogroup B (Y-DNA)）とは分子人類学において人類の父系を示すY染色体ハプログループ（型集団）の分類で、ハプログループBTの子系統で、M60, M181/Page32, P85, P90, V62, V75, V78, V83, V84, V85, V90, V93, V94, V185, V197, V217, V227, V234, V237, V44の変異によって定義されるグループである。60,000-65,000年前にアフリカで誕生したと考えられる。

分布
アフリカのなかでも特にピグミーに高頻度である。バカ族に63Gemma Berniell-Lee, Francesc Calafell, Elena Bosch et al., "Genetic and demographic implications of the Bantu expansion: insights from human paternal lineages," Molecular Biology and Evolution Advance Access published April 15, 2009-72%Elizabeth T Wood, Daryn A Stover, Christopher Ehret et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes," European Journal of Human Genetics (2005) 13, 867–876. (cf. Appendix A: Y Chromosome Haplotype Frequencies)、に52Alec Knight, Peter A. Underhill, Holly M. Mortensen et al., "African Y Chromosome and mtDNA Divergence Provides Insight into the History of Click Languages," Current Biology, Vol. 13, 464–473 (March 18, 2003).-60%Sarah A. Tishkoff, Mary Katherine Gonder, Brenna M. Henn et al. (2007), "History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation," Molecular Biology and Evolution 24 (10) : 2180–2195. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm155、ヌエル族に50%Hisham Y. Hassan, Peter A. Underhill, Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza, and Muntaser E. Ibrahim, "Y-Chromosome Variation Among Sudanese: Restricted Gene Flow, Concordance With Language, Geography, and History," American Journal of Physical Anthropology (2008).、ムブティ族に33Fulvio Cruciani, Piero Santolamazza, Peidong Shen et al., "A Back Migration from Asia to Sub-Saharan Africa Is Supported by High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Haplotypes," American Journal of Human Genetics 70:1197–1214, 2002.-60%、に35-55%などである。

下位系統
YCC 2008 tree より

B
B-M60 (M60, M181, P85, P90)
B-M236 (M236, M288)
B-M236 (M236)
B-M182 (M182)
B-M150 (M150)
B-M218 (M218)
B-M109 (M109, M152, P32)
B-G1 (G1)
B-M108.1 (M108.1)
B-P111 (P111, M43)
B-M112 (M112, M192, 50f2(P))
B-P6 (P6)
B-M115 (M115, M169)
B-M30 (M30, M129)
B-M108.2 (M108.2)
B-P7 (P7)
B-P8 (P8, P70)
B-MSY2.1 (MSY2.1, M211)
B-P112 (P112)

脚注

Category:遺伝学
Category:分子人類学
Category:Y染色体ハプログループ
Category:ピグミー