ᐸᑭᔅᑕᓐ

ᐸᑭᔅᑕᓐ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᓯᓚ

ᐸᑭᔅᑕᓐ—

ᐸᑭᔅᑕᓐ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᖃᔅᓯᑲᓪᓚᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ 8,500-ᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᓕᒃ Neolithic-ᒥ ᐃᓂ Mehrgarh-ᒥ Balochistan-ᒥ, ᐃᓐᑐᔅ Valley-ᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖃᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᓐᓄᔭᐅᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓕᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᑕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᖅ Gandhara civilisation. ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᑯᐊᖑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᒥᓕᓴᐅᔪᑦ ᐸᑭᔅᑕᓐ-ᒥ ᐱᓪᓚᕆᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᔅᓯᑲᓪᓚᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᕐᕋᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᖅᓴᖏᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ Achaemenid, Maurya, Kushan, Gupta; ᐅᒪᔮᑦ ᑲᓕᐱᑦ ᓂᒋᐊᓂᑦ, ᓵᒪ, ᕼᐃᓐᑑ ᓵᔅ, ᓵ ᒥᐅᕆᔅ, ᒐᓵᓇᕕᑦᔅ, ᑎᐅᓪᕼᐃ ᔅᑖᓐᑦ, ᒥᐅᓪᕼᐊᓪᔅ, ᖃᖓᑦᑎᐊᓵᕐᓗ, ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᕌᔾ 1858-ᒥᑦ 1947-ᒧᑦ.