Gubat ti Bietnam

Ti Gubat ti Bietnam ket maysa idi a Nalamiis a Gubat a panawen a suppiat ti militar a rimsua idiay Bietnam, Laos, ken Cambodia manipud idi 1 Nobiembre 1955 aginggana ti Panakatnag iti Saigon odi 30 Abril 1975. Daytoy a gubat ket sinarunona ti Umuna nga Indotsina a Gubat ken naglabana a nagbaetan ti Amianan a Bietnam, ketn sinopurtaran babaen dagiti komunista a kumaduaanna, ken ti gobierno ti Abagatan a Bietnam, a sinopurtaran babaen ti Estados Unidos ken dagiti sabsabali a kontra-komunista a pagpagilian. Ti Viet Cong (makunkuna pay a ti Sangauanag ti Nailaina Panagwayawaya, wenno NLF), ti maysa a nalagan a naarmasan nga Abagtana Bietnam a tinengtengngel ti komunista a sapasap a sanguanan, ket kaaduan a nakilablaban ti maysa a gerilia agubat a sumuppiat kadagiti konta-komunista a pursa iti dayta a rehion. Ti Buyot dagiti Tattao ti Bietnam (Buyot ti Amianan a Bietnam) ken nakisinnupiat kadagiti kaaduan a kadawyan a gubat, nga adda dagiti panawen nagitalek kadagiti dadakkel a unit iti gubatan. Ti E.U. ken dagiti puersa ti Abagatan a Bietnam ket nagitaltalekda kadagiti Supremasia ti angin ken ti agparmek a kabilegan tapno agaramid kadagiti agbiruk ken dadaelen nga operasion, a mairaman dagiti puersa ti daga, artileria, ken dagiti panagpunta manipud iti tangatang.

Ti pannakakita ti gobierno ti E.U. ti panakibiang ti daytoy a gubat ket ti kasla dalan a panagpawil ti panagraut dagiti komunista iti Abagatan a Bietnam a kas paset ti nalawlawa nga estratehia iti  panaglas-ud. Ti gobierno ti Amianan a Bietnam ken Viet Cong ket nakitkitada daytoy a suppiat a kas maysa a kolonial a gubat, nga immuna a nilabanan a maisuppiat ti Pransia, a sinuportaran babaen ti Estados Unidos, ken kalpasan daytoy ti suppiatan a maipapan ti Abagatan a Bietnam, a daytoy ket naipanunotanda a kas tirtiris nga estado ti Estados Unidos . Dagiti Amerikano nga agbalbalakad a militar ket simmangpetda idi idiay Pranses nga Indotsina a nangrugi idi 1950. Ti pannakairaman ti Estados Unidos ket kimmaro idi kasapaan ti 1960, nga dagiti kaadu ti tropa ket natriple idi 1961 ken natriple manen idi 1962.Dagiti Estadistika ken Kinapudno I ti Gubat ti Bietnam , sapot a pagsaaadan ti Maika-25 nga Abiasion a Batalion. Dagiti pananakigubat a unit ti Estados Unidos ket nagrugida a naibaniaga idi 1965. Dagiti operasio ket naigay-at kadagiti internasional a pagbeddengan, a dagitoy ket nakaro a binomba ti Laos ken Cambodia. Ti Amerikano a pannakairaman ti daytoy a gubat ket kimmaro idi 1968, iti panawen ti Tet a Panagraut. Kalpasan daytoy, dagiti puersa ti daga ti Estados Unidos ket naininutda a naikkat a kas paset ti annuroten nga ammo a kas ti Bietnamisasion. Uray pay no ti Paris a Panagtunos ti kappia, a pinirmaan dagiti amin a nairaman idi Enero 1973, ti pannakilablaban ket nagtutuloy.

Ti pannakairaman ti Estados Unidos ket nagpatingga idi 15 Agosto 1973 a aks nagbanagan ti Case–Church Panagpasayaat nga impasa ti Kongreso ti Estados Unidos.Kolko, Gabriel Anatomia iti Gubat, pp. 457, 461 ff., . Ti pannakatiliw iti Saigon babaen dagiti Buyot dagiti Tattao iti Bietnam idi Abril 1975 ket nangmarka daytoy ti panagpatingga ti gubat, ken ti Amianan ken Abagatan a Bietnam ket napagkaykaysa ti simmaruno a tawen. Ti gubat ket gapuanan ti adu a bayad iti termino dagiti nadangran (kitaen ti Dagiti nadangran ti Gubat ti Bietnam).  Dagiti karkulo ti bilang dagiti soldado ti Bietnam ket dagiti sibilian a natnatay ket agdumaduma manipud iti basbassit a maysa a riwriwCharles Hirschman et al., "Dagiti nadangran a Bietnamis idi Panawen ti Amerikano a Gubat: Baro a Karkulo," Panagrepaso ti Populasion ken Panagrang-ay, Disiembre 1995. aginggana iti ad-adu ngem tallo a riwriw.Associated Press, 3 Abril 1995, "Ti Bietnam ket agkunkuna a 1.1 a Riwriw dagiti Natnatay a Nakilablaban Para iti Amianan." Addda ti 200,000–300,000 a Kambodiano,Heuveline, Patrick (2001). "Ti Demograpiko a Panagusig iti Mortalidad idiay Kambodia." Iti Napilit a Panagtalaw ken Mortalidad, eds. Holly E. Reed ken Charles B. Keely. Washington, D.C.: Nailian nga Akademia a Pagmalditan.Marek Sliwinski, Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique (L'Harmattan, 1995).Banister, Judith, ken Paige Johnson (1993). "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia." In Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community, ed. Ben Kiernan. New Haven, Conn.: Unibersidad ti Yale a Panagadadal ti Abagatan a daya nga Asia . 20,000–200,000 Laotiano,Warner, Roger, Punpuntaan ti Bulan, (1996), pp366, nagkarkulo ti 30,000 a Hmong.Obermeyer, "Limapulo a tawtawen dagiti natnatay ti naranggas a gubat manipud iti Bietnam aginggana ti Bosnia", Medisina a Warnakan ti Britaniko, 2008, nagkarkulo ti 60,000 a dagup.T. Lomperis, Manipud iti Gubat dagiti Tattao aginggan ti Panagturay dagiti Tattao, (1996), nagkarkulo ti 35,000 a dagup.Small, Melvin & Joel David Singer, Agresorta kadagiti Armas: Internasional ken Sibil a Gubagubat 1816–1980, (1982), nagkarkulo ti 20,000 a dagup.Taylor, Charles Lewis, Ti Libro ti Lubong iti Politiko a Sosial a Pangituduan, nagkarkulo ti 20,000 a dagup.Stuart-Fox, Martin, Pakasaritaan iti Laos, nagkarkulo ti 200,000 babaen idi 1973. ken 58,220 a kamkamen dagiti serbisio ti Estados Unidos ket natnatay pay iti daytoy a suppiat.

 Anotasion 

 Paammo 

 Dagiti nagibasaran 
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