Water Scarcity

Omi ki aña (ki ñọ chi ọbata omi abẹ  ki iyañyi omi) chi am'i ut'ejugede Ẹñwu ekwu omi ẹfẹ ki at'eju álu k'amonẹ wewe atene . Omi aña  lefu ọna ojoji meji. Oka efu ñwu chi ọna k'eju ali. Ẹkeji ñwu chi omi ki aña ọna economiki.Caretta, M.A., A. Mukherji, M. Arfanuzzaman, R.A. Betts, A. Gelfan, Y. Hirabayashi, T.K. Lissner, J. Liu, E. Lopez Gunn, R. Morgan, S. Mwanga, and S. Supratid, 2022: Chapter 4: Water. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 551–712, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.006. Omi k'ama ọna ejugede chi ẹgba k'omi ma nana t'eju alu k'amonẹ ñeju ku ma du ch'ekwu jọn. Efu ñwu ñwọ che omi ku ma tene todu ki ecosystems kì ch'ukọlọ. Ami ewó ku ma ni desert climate an'iyanyi omi ègbá du. Central Asia, West Asia, kpai North Africa chi ujiwe amì ewó lẹ. Omi aña lefu ọna economiki todu ki amẹñwu ekwu abẹki amẹñwu ki ya f'omi kwefu ají, aquifers, abẹki ugbo ojoji ojoji k'omi adufu kwó ma dẹn. Ila ñọ dufu ẹgba k'ukpayi amonẹ ma gbiti bọjọ alu kùma ñ'eju omi n. amonẹ wèwè efù Sub-Saharan Africa ad'eju kpáí ọbata omi eyì economiki.IWMI (2007) Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London: Earthscan, and Colombo: International Water Management Institute.

Omi ẹfẹ ki defu ojanẹ wewe ñyọñyọ ki bọjọ ñwù amonẹ ku ma du chẹñwu du efu ọdọ wewe ki legwudu. Ugbo  ele omi Kiya nyaramonè chitodu èkpayiló kidagbagba egba kpai ugbo kamonè atène omi, manyu Iko kpai ugbo komidè. One of the main causes of the increase in global water demand is the increase in the number of people. Others are the rise in living conditions, changing diets (to more animal products), and expansion of irrigated agriculture. Climate change (including droughts or floods), deforestation, water pollution and wasteful use of water can also mean there is not enough water. These variations in scarcity may also be a function of prevailing economic policy and planning approaches.

Water scarcity assessments look at many types of information. They include green water (soil moisture), water quality, environmental flow requirements, and virtual water trade. Water stress is one parameter to measure water scarcity. It is useful in the context of Sustainable Development Goal 6. Half a billion people live in areas with severe water scarcity throughout the year, and around four billion people face severe water scarcity at least one month per year. Half of the world's largest cities experience water scarcity. There are 2.3 billion people who reside in nations with water scarcities (meaning less than 1700 m3 of water per person per year).

There are different ways to reduce water scarcity. It can be done through supply and demand side management, cooperation between countries and water conservation. Expanding sources of usable water can help. Reusing wastewater and desalination are ways to do this. Others are reducing water pollution and changes to the virtual water trade.