Esther Martinez

Esther Martinez, nke a makwaara dịka Estefanita Martinez (1912 – Septemba 16, 2006), bụ onye Amerịka na-asụ asụsụ na onye na-akọ akụkọ maka ndị Tewa nke New Mexico . E nyere Martinez aha Tewa bụ P'oe Tsą́wą̈́ (nke pụtara Mmiri Anụnụ Anụnụ) ma a makwaara ya site n'ọtụtụ aha ịhụnanya dị iche iche, gụnyere "Ko'oe Esther" na "Nwanne nne Esther".

Ọ dị ndụ ruo afọ iri itoolu na anọ, a makwaara ya maka nkwa o kwere ichekwa asụsụ Tewa. E bipụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya nke San Juan Pueblo Tewa n'afọ 1982.

 Akụkọ Ndụ 
Martinez tolitere na Ndịda Ọdịda Anyanwụ. A mụrụ ya na Ignacio, Colorado, ebe o bi na ndị mụrụ ya; emesịa, o bi na ndị nne na nna ya ochie na Ohkay Owingeh .   Mgbe o mechara ndụ, ọ ga-ede: Unu ndị nwere nne na nna ochie unu ga-agwa okwu nwere nnukwu ihu ọma, n'ihi na m ji nne na nna ochie m na ihe ndị m mụtara n'aka ha kpọrọ ihe. Nna nna m bụ onye na-akọ akụkọ. Ndị India na-enweta ihe mmụta ha site n'akụkọ a kọrọ ha mgbe ha bụ ụmụaka. Ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime akụkọ anyị bụ ahụmịhe mmụta.Martinez gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Santa Fe Indian na Albuquerque Indian School, gụchara akwụkwọ na nke ikpeazụ na 1930. Matthew J. Martinez (2005). "Esther Martinez : Voices From the Gaps". University of Minnesota. hdl:11299/166267. Retrieved September 29, 2012.

"Na ọ lanarịrị ọtụtụ afọ ọ nọrọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi wee gaa n'ihu inyere obodo ya aka site n'ịnọgide na-asụ asụsụ ahụ bụ okwu dị ike," ka nwa nwa ya nwoke, Matthew J. Martinez kwuru. "N'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ siri ike ahụ, ọ ka nwere ọchịchọ ahụ ijigide asụsụ na omenala ya ma dekọọ ya ma nyefee ya," ka Martinez, onye mụtara Tewa n'aka ya kwuru." Jocelyn Y. Stewart (September 24, 2006). "Esther Martinez, 94; Tewa Speaker Worked to Save Her Language". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2012.

Mgbe Esther Martinez toruru ogo mmadụ, ọ ga-abụ otu n'ime ndị dike kachasị ukwuu n'ọgụ iji chekwaa asụsụ Tewa. Nwunye onyeisiala nke New Mexico, Barbara Richardson, kwuru sị "O ji aka ya zọpụta asụsụ Tewa." Staci Matlock (November 8, 2008). "Esther Martinez: 'A way to honor her spirit', Historical roadside marker celebrates Tewa linguist and renowned storyteller". The Santa Fe New Mexican. Archived from the original on February 2, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2012.

Mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ, ọ zụlitere ụmụ iri ma rụọ ọrụ dị iche iche maka isi nri na nhicha. N'etiti afọ 1960, mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na John F. Kennedy Middle School na Pueblo, ọ zutere ọkachamara asụsụ, Randall Speirs, onye rịọrọ ya ka o nyere ya aka n'idekọ asụsụ Tewa. O so ya rụọ ọrụ n'afọ 1960 na 1970 iji mepụta akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu asụsụ Tewa. 

Site n'ihe dị ka afọ 1974 ruo 1989, Martinez kụziri Tewa na Ohkay Owingeh .  Ọ sụgharịrị Agba Ọhụrụ gaa na Tewa, na njikọ aka ya na Wycliffe Bible Translators . "National Heritage Fellow, Esther Martinez Honored With Roadside Marker". SantaFe.com. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2012. O dekwara nchịkọta akụkọ, Ndụ M Na San Juan Pueblo: Akụkọ nke Esther Martinez, nke Mahadum Illinois Press bipụtara na 2004, nke natara ihe nrite Elli Köngäs-Maranda. 

Martinez nwetara nzere bachelọ nke nka na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụaka site na Northern New Mexico College na 2006, Salazar, Martin (September 19, 2006). "Alcohol Suspected in Crash That Killed Tewa Storyteller". Albuquerque Journal. Retrieved January 6, 2021. ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Northern Pueblo Institute.  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akọ akụkọ ọdịnala maka National Park Service .  

Na Septemba 16, 2006, Martinez na-alọta n'ụlọ site na Washington, DC, ebe e nyere ya onyinye National Heritage Fellowship site na National Endowment for the Arts, n'oriri dị na Great Hall of the Library of Congress . N'akụkụ Española, New Mexico, ụgbọala ọzọ ọ nọ na ya, onye ọkwọ ụgbọala ya na-aṅụ mmanya kụrụ ya. Martinez nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ahụ, Staci Matlock (November 8, 2008). "Esther Martinez: 'A way to honor her spirit', Historical roadside marker celebrates Tewa linguist and renowned storyteller". The Santa Fe New Mexican. Archived from the original on February 2, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2012. ""Her Legacy Lives On", Historical Marker Honors Tewa Storyteller and Educator". Santa Fe Journal, SantaFe.com. November 8, 2008. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2012. nke mere naanị maịlụ ole na ole site n'ụlọ ya. Salazar, Martin (September 19, 2006). "Alcohol Suspected in Crash That Killed Tewa Storyteller". Albuquerque Journal. Retrieved January 6, 2021.

 Ihe nketa 
Na Disemba 2006, e tinyere aka na iwu US HR 4766, Iwu Nchekwa Asụsụ Ndị Native American nke Esther Martinez, na-enye ikike inye ego maka mmemme ọhụrụ nke ebo ga-eji gbochie mfu nke ihe nketa na omenala. Kemgbe Septemba 15, 2012, ndị otu nnọchiteanya nke New Mexico ewebatala iwu iji gbasaa mmemme ahụ ruo afọ ise ọzọ. 

A kọwara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu San Juan Pueblo Tewa, nke Martinez dere n'afọ 1992, dị ka "otu n'ime mgbalị ndị a kacha pụta ìhè n'ịdekọ asụsụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ,"... [site n'aka] Melissa Axelrod, prọfesọ osote nke asụsụ na Mahadum New Mexico. "O nwere ọtụtụ okwu na ozi asụsụ ma nwee ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma omenala." 

Kemgbe afọ 2008, nwa nwa ya nwoke, Dr. Matthew J. Martinez "na-eje ozi na Ohkay Owingeh School Board, ebe ọ na-enyere aka n'itinye ma na-akwado usoro mmụta asụsụ Tewa." 

 Mbipụta 

 Ndụ M na San Juan Pueblo: Akụkọ nke Esther Martinez . Mahadum nke Illinois Press, 2004 
 Nwa Oke Anụ Ewu Na-anaghị Adị Njọ na Ochie Nwoke Coyote: Akụkọ Tewa sitere na San Juan Pueblo, (dịka Estefanita Martinez) Rick Regan sere ihe osise, Children's Press, Chicago, 1992 
 Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu San Juan Pueblo Tewa . Mmemme asụsụ San Juan Pueblo, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico, 1982; Bishọp mbipụta, 1983.

 Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ 

 Na Nọvemba 8, 2008, e kpughere ihe ngosi akụkọ ihe mere eme nke steeti New Mexico na Ohkay Owingeh ma raara ya nye Esther Martinez.   
 Ọ natara onyinye National Heritage Fellowship nke afọ 2006 nke National Endowment for the Arts nyere, nke bụ nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke gọọmentị United States na nka ọdịnala na omenala. 
 Ọkwa Bachelor of Arts, Northern New Mexico College (2006) 
 Ihe nrite nke ụlọ ọrụ asụsụ obodo maka "Ndị Na-eme Mgbanwe" (1999)
 Onyinye Gọvanọ nke Kọmishọna Nkà nke New Mexico maka Ọkachamara na Mmezu n'ime Nkà (1998) 
 Ihe nrite agụmakwụkwọ India maka onye nkuzi nke afọ site n'aka National Council of American Indians 
 Onyinye nke Kansụl Mba nke Ndị India nke Ndị America, Onyinye Nwanyị nke Afọ (1997) 
 Onyinye Akụ̀ Ndụ nke Steeti New Mexico (1996)
 Òtù Mba Maka Mmụta Asụsụ Abụọ, Ihe Nrite Ndị Pioneer (1992)

 Ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi 

 Ntụaka 

 Njikọ mpụga 


 Ekele maka redio NPR site na obere vidiyo nke akụkọ ya
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations