Annie Gravatt

Annie Gravatt (Annie Evelyn Rathbun) bụ onye America na-ahụ maka ọrịa gbasara oke ohia. Ebe nyocha ya gụnyere physiology osisi na nchara na-acha ọcha pine. Ọ mụọkwara ihe ọkụkụ Chestnut, ero nke bibiri osisi chestnut America na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Ya na di ya, George Gravatt, o hiwere obodo ndị Sayensị' Cliffs, Maryland.

 Mmụta 
Gravatt nwetara B.A. ya na Mahadum Brown na 1916, na MS ya na 1918. 

 Ọrụ 
Gravatt nọrọ ọrụ ya niile na Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo nke United States, na ụlọ ọrụ Bureau of Plant Industry. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na ndị ọrụ nchịkọta akụkọ Phytopathology, akwụkwọ akụkọ nke American Phytopathological Society. Ọ bụ onye otu American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Phytopathological Society.

 Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara 
Ihe na-esonụ bụ ndepụta na-ezughị ezu nke akwụkwọ Gravatt:

 1918. Osisi fungus nke osisi pine. Phytopathology 8: 469-483. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 582
 1921. Ụzọ nke ịnye ọgwụ mgbochi kpọmkwem na damping-off fungi. Phytopathology 11: 80-84. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 583
 1922. Mgbọrọgwụ nke mkpụrụ osisi pine. Phytopathology 12: 213-220, illus. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 584
 1923. Mgbọrọgwụ nke osisi conifers. Phytopathology 13: 385-391. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 585
 1925. Ntinye ọgwụ n'onwe ya nke ogwe osisi coniferous na damping- off fungi. Ụbọchị. Ihe mgbakwunye na nke a Res. 30: 327-339, illus. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 586
 1925. Ọnọdụ ndị bu ụzọ na-ebute ọrịa nke osisi pine ọcha site na Cronartium ribicola na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ United States. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Spaulding, P. na Annie Rathbun-Gravatt.
 1925. Ogologo ndụ nke uredospores, teliospores, na sporidia nke Cronartium ribicola (Abstract). [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Spaulding, P. na Annie Rathbun-Gravatt.
 1925. Inoculation nke osisi pinus strobus na sporidia nke Cronartium ribicola. Ọrịa ahụ: 15: 584-590. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
 1925. Ogologo ndụ nke teliospores na uredospores na-esote nke Cronartium ribicola. Fischer na 1923. Journal of Agriculture, Res. 31: 901-916. Spaulding, P. na Annie Rathbun-Gravatt.
 1925. Mmetụta nke ihe ndị metụtara anụ ahụ na ịdị irè nke sporidia nke Cronartium ribicola. Fischer na 1923. Journal of Agriculture, Res. 33: 397-433. Spaulding, P. na Annie Rathbun-Gravatt.
 1927. Mkpụrụ osisi cherry nke ndị amoosu webatara na Japan. Phytopathology 17: 19-24, illus. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 587
 1927. Nsonaazụ nke inoculating Pinus strobus na sporidia nke Cronartium ribicola. Ụbọchị. Ihe mgbakwunye na nke a Res. 34: 497-510.  (Ihe osise) York, HH. Walter H Snell Annie Gravatt.
 1931. Mfu nke mkpụrụ osisi coniferous n'ihi nje. Ụbọchị. Ihe mgbakwunye na nke a Nzọụkwụ 42: 71-92. Gravatt, Annie Rathbun, na ndị ọzọ. 588
 1937. Mmetụta ụfọdụ nke ọrịa osisi na mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ osisi. Phytopathology: 27: 159-171. Carl Hartley, Annie Gravatt
 1942. Systemic brooming, ọrịa nje nke igurube ojii. Ụbọchị. Ọhịa 40: 253-260, illus. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 581

 Ugwu Ndị Sayensị 
Annie Gravatt na di ya George "Flippo" Gravatt guzobere obodo nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Cliffs, Maryland na 1937.  Annie na George nwere mmasị na mbụ na saịtị Calvert County, na-eleghara Chesapeake Bay anya, n'ihi na ha chere na ọ nwere ike dị ka ebe nchekwa maka American chestnut. Na mbụ, ebe ahụ bụ ụyọkọ ụlọ ezumike, gụnyere Gravatts', nke e ji osisi chestnut gburu site na ọrịa ahụ. N'ikpeazụ, obodo ahụ toro ma dọta ndị bi n'afọ niile, ma taa, o nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ 200. Ndị otu na obodo ahụ bụ ndị a na-ahọrọ; ndị ga-enwe ụlọ ga-enwerịrị ogo dị elu ma ọ bụ nwee "ahụmahụ ọkachamara pụrụ iche". 

N'afọ 1980, American Chestnut Land Trust zụrụ ihe onwunwe Gravatt. A na-akpọ ụzọ njem, "Gravatt Lane," na "Gravatta Stream" dị nso iji sọpụrụ Gravatts. Ụlọ Gravatts bụzi ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na-egosi fossils na ndụ mmiri.. Archived from the original on 2010-08-09. Retrieved 2015-04-17.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title

 Edemsibia