Noah Webster

Noah Webster (Ọktoba 16, 1758 - Mee 28, 1843) bụ onye America na-ede akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu, onye ọsụ ụzọ n'ide akwụkwọ nkuzi, Onye na-eweta mgbanwe na nsupe asụsụ Bekee, Onye edemede maka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, na onye odee. A na-akpọ ya "Nna nke Agụmakwụkwọ n'efu na Mmụta nke mba Amerika". O dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ "Blue-Back Speller" nke e ji akụziri ụmụaka America otu esi asụpe okwu na ịgụ ihe. Ọ bụkwa onye dere akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Merriam-Webster nke oge a nke e bipụtara nke mbụ ya na 1828 dị ka An American Dictionary of the English Language .

A mụrụ ya na West Hartford, Connecticut, Webster gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale College na 1778. Ọ gafere ule ịbụ ọkàiwu mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ngalaba iwu n'okpuru Oliver Ellsworth na ndị ọzọ mana ọ nwenwughị ike ịchọta ọrụ dị ka onye ọka iwu. Ọ kpatatụrụ ego site na imeghe ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ya yana ide usoro akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ụfọdụ, gụnyere "Blue-Back Speller". Onye na-akwadosi Nnwogha America na ndozighari usoro iwu nke Amerika ike, Webster mechara katọọ ndị America dị ka ndị chọrọ ntọala inwe ọgụgụ isi. O kwenyere na ịhụ mba Amerika n'anya nwere àgwà dị iche iche ma pụọkwa iche na ụkpụrụ ndị Europe.

N'afọ 1793, Alexander Hamilton weere Webster n'ọrụ ịga New York City ga ghọọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nye nuuzpepa nkeFederalist Party na-ebiputa. Ọ ghọziri onye odee na-ede ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, na-ebiputa edemede nuuzpepa, edemede ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ. Ọ laghachịrị Connecticut n'afọ 1798 ma jee ozi n'ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya Connecticut House of Representatives. Webster guzobere Connecticut Society for the Abolition of Slavery n'afọ 1791 ma mechaa  became nwee mgba okpuru site na abolitionist movement. [citation needed]

N'afọ 1806, Webster bipụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ ya, A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language . N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu gbasakwuru agbasa ma zuo oke, n'ikpeazụ bipụta ya na 1828. O nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite nsupe ụfọdụ mkpụrụ okwu America. O keere òkè n'ịkwado mgbanwe maka mmeghari nwebisiinka, na-enye aka na Iwu Nwebisiinka nke 1831, bụ nnukwu mmezigharị iwu mbụ nke iwu Nwebisiinka nke US. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na mpịakọta nke abụọ nke akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya, Webster nwụrụ na 1843, George na Charles Merriam nwetaziri ikike nke akwụkwọ nkọwa okwu ahụ.

 Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Webster na Ọktoba 16, 1758, n'ụlọ Noah Webster na ọdịda anyanwụ Hartford, Connecticut Colony, n'oge Colonial Era. Ebe a mụrụ ya mechara bụrụ West Hartford, Connecticut. A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ kpatara ego, Ụlọ Noah Webster na-aga n'ihu na-eme ka ndụ ya pụta ìhè ma na-eje ozi dị ka isi ụlọ ọrụ nke West Hartford Historical Society. Nna ya, Noah Webster Sr. (1722-1813), si n'agbụrụ Gọvanọ Connecticut bụ John Webster; nne ya Mercy (Steele) Webster (1727-1794) si n'agbụrụ Gọvanọ William Bradford nke Plymouth Colony .  Nna ya bụ onye ọrụ ugbo, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụkwa dikọn na ụka ntà dị n'obodo ha, onyeisi ndị agha obodo ahụ, na onye guzobere òtù akwụkwọ na mpaghara ahụ, nke na-arụ aka n'ọbá akwụkwọ ọha. Mgbe America nweechara onwe ya, a họpụtara ya dịka onye okpeudo.

Nna Webster agaghị kọleji, mana o kwesiri ike na agụmakwụkwọ. Nne Webster nọrọ ogologo oge na-akụziri ụmụ ya nsupe mkpụrụ okwu, mgbakọ na mwepụ, na egwu. Mgbe ọ dị afọ isii, Webster malitere ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị merela ezigbo ochie nke West Hartford's Ecclesiastical Society wuru. Ka afọ ole na ole gasịrị, ọ kọwara ndị nkuzi ahụ dị ka "ndị na-eme mkpesa dị na ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ" ma mee mkpesa na ntụziaka ha ebe ahụ bụ karịsịa n'okpukpe. Ahụmahụ Webster nwere n'ebe ahụ kpaliri ya imeziwanye ahụmịhe agụmakwụkwọ nke ọgbọ ndị na-abịa n'ọdịnihu.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, ọ natara nkuzi site n'aka onye ụkọchukwu ụka ya n'asụsụ Latin na Grik iji kwadebe ya maka ịbanye na Yale College. Webster debanyere aha na Yale obere oge tupu ọ gbaa afọ iri na isii, n'oge afọ ikpeazụ ya, ya na Ezra Stiles, onye isi oche Yale, mụkọrọ ihe. Ọ bụkwa onye òtù Brothers in Unity, òtù nzuzo dị na Yale. Afọ anọ ọ nọrọ na Yale dakọtara na Agha Nnwogha America nke mere na, n'ihi ụkọ nri yana mwakpo ndị Britain nke nwere ike ime, a nọ na-enwe ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ihe n'obodo ndị ọzọ. Webster jere ozi dịka onye ọlụagha Connecticut. Nna ya ji ugbo ya gbaziri ego iji zipụ Webster gaa na Yale, mana mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Webster na ezinụlọ ya enwechaghị mmekọrịta.

 Ọrụ 
Webster enweghị atụmatụ ịrụ ọrụ doro anya mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale na 1779, o mechaa dee na agụmakwụkwọ nka "na-eme ka nwoke ghara iru eru maka azụmahịa". Ọ kụziri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nwa oge na Glastonbury, mana n'ihi ọnọdụ ọrụ ahụ siri ike yana ụgwọ ọrụ dị ala a na-akwụ, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm iji mụọ iwu. Mgbe ọ na-amụ iwu n'okpuru onye ga-emecha bụrụ onye isi ikpe nke ụlọ ikpe kachasị elu nke United States bụ Oliver Ellsworth, Webster kụzikwaara oge niile na Hartford - ahụmahụ na-agwụ ike nke mechara bụrụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume. Ọ hapụrụ ọmụmụ iwu ya ruo otu afọ wee daa mbà n'obi; mgbe ahụ ọ chọtara onye ọka iwu ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ iji kụziere ya, wee gụchaa ọmụmụ ya, wee gafee ule ọkàiwu na 1781. 

 Akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ 
Vincent P. Bynack (1984) na-enyocha Webster dịka o si gbasa mkpebi ya maka echiche nke ọdịbendị mba America dị n'otu nke ga-egbochi ọdịda nke omume ọma na ịdị n'otu. Webster nwetara echiche ya banyere Asụsụ site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta dị ka Maupertuis, Michaelis, na Herder. N'ebe ahụ, ọ chọpụtara nkwenye na ụdị asụsụ mba na echiche ndị metụtara ha na-akpụzi omume ndị mmadụ. N'ihi ya, nkọwapụta na mgbanwe nke asụsụ Bekee Amerika kwere nkwa imeziwanye omume ụmụ amaala ma si otú ahụ chekwaa ịdị ọcha na nkwụsi ike nke mba. Nkwupụta a mere ka Speller and Grammar Webster dere pụta ìhè.

 Akwụkwọ nkọwa okwu 

 Mbipụta 

 Mmetụta 

 Echiche 

 Okpukpe 

 Nwebisiinka 

 Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ 

 Nkwupụta Banyere Asụsụ Bekee (1789) 
 Nchịkọta nke edemede na edemede ndị na-agba ọsọ na Omume, Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na edemede (1790) 
 Akwụkwọ edemede America (1783) 
 Akwụkwọ Mkpụrụ Akwụkwọ Mbụ (1829) 
 Uru nke Bible na Ịdị Mma nke Okpukpe Ndị Kraịst (1834) 

 Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị 

 Rudiments of English Grammar (1899) 

 Hụkwa 

 Usoro Nzukọ Mbụ
 Webster, Wisconsin, obodo aha ya bụ Noah Webster

 Ihe edeturu 

 Edensibịa 

 Ebe ndị bụ isi e si nweta ya 

 Harry R. Warfel, onye nchịkọta akụkọ , Akwụkwọ ozi nke Noah Webster (1953),
 Homer D. Babbidge Jr., de. , Noah Webster: On Being American (1967), nhọrọ sitere n'ihe odide ya
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] The American Spelling Book: Nwere Rudiments nke Asụsụ Bekee maka Ojiji nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ na United States site na Noah Webster 1836 mbipụta online, onye a ma ama Blue-Backed Speller
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu America nke asụsụ Bekee 1848 mbipụta onlineMbipụta nke 1848 n'ịntanetị
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] A gramatical institute nke asụsụ Bekee mbipụta 1800 onlineMbipụta 1800 n'ịntanetị
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akwụkwọ dị iche iche gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na azụmahịa 1802 mbipụta n'ịntanetị karịsịa banyere ụlọ akụ
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nchịkọta nke edemede na ihe odide fugitiv: na omume, akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na edemede 1790 mbipụta online 414 peeji

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Noah Webster Family Papers from the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections
 The Noah Webster House & West Hartford Historical Society
 Noah Webster Collection, Special Collections, Jones Library, Amherst MA
 Noah Webster on the Merriam-Webster website
 Connecticut Heritage website

 Works by Noah Webster at Project Gutenberg
 Works by or about Noah Webster at the Internet Archive
 Searchable Webster's 1828 dictionary and Searchable Webster's 1913 dictionary—both in the public domain.
 Searchable Webster's 1828 wildcard dictionary
 Webster Bible text
 Preface to the Webster Bible
 Downloadable PDF of the Webster Bible
 A proposal for spelling reform from his younger and more radical days
 Online Webster Bible Searchable by verse and keywords
 The American Spelling Book
 Commentary of a Speech by Noah Webster on July 4, 1802
 Works by Noah Webster at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) 

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations