Roger Arliner Young

Roger Arliner Young (August 20, 1899 - Nọvemba 9, 1964) bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị America nke zoology, bayoloji, na bayoloji mmiri. Ọ bụ nwanyị Afrịka mbụ nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na zoology.[1][2][3]   

 Afọ ndị mbụ 
Amụrụ na Clifton Forge, Virginia na 1899, N'oge na-adịghị anya, Young soro ezinụlọ ya kwaga Burgettstown, Pennsylvania ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Burgettstown High School.[1] Nna ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egwupụta coal, nne ya na-arụkwa ọrụ mbụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ tupu nkwarụ emee ka ọ ghara ịrụ ọrụ.[1][2] Ezinụlọ ahụ dara ogbenye, a na-etinyekwa ọtụtụ oge akụ na ụba na nlekọta nne ya nwere nkwarụ.

 Mmụta 
Na 1916, Young debanyere aha na Mahadum Howard na Washington, D.C. iji mụọ egwu.[1][2][3] O dere n'akwụkwọ afọ: "Ọ bụghị ọdịda, mana ebumnuche dị ala bụ mpụ." Ọ bụ ezie na akara ule ya dara ogbenye na mmalite ọrụ mahadum ya, ụfọdụ ndị nkuzi ya hụrụ nkwa n'ime ya. Otu n’ime ndị nkụzi dị otú ahụ bụ Ernest Everett Just, bụ́ ọkà mmụta sayensị a ma ama na ndị isi ojii na onye isi ngalaba na-ahụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ na Mahadum Howard. Young gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere bachelọ na 1923. Naanị nwaa enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma iji nyere ya aka inweta ego maka ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, [3] mana na 1924 Young malitere ịmụ akwụkwọ maka nzere nna ya ukwu na Mahadum Chicago, nke ọ nwetara na 1926. 

 Ọrụ 
Ernest Everett Naanị kpọrọ Young ka ya na ya rụọ ọrụ n'oge okpomọkụ na Marine Biological Laboratory na Woods Hole, Massachusetts malite na 1927, na-eme ka Young bụrụ nwanyị mbụ ojii mere nyocha ebe ahụ.[1] N'oge ha nọ na Woods Hole, Just na Young na-arụ ọrụ na nyocha usoro ntinye aka na mmiri mmiri, yana usoro hydration na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na mkpụrụ ndụ ndụ.[2][3]. Mgbe ọ na-eme nyocha na Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory, o wepụtara akwụkwọ nyocha na-akọwa ọrụ ya n'ebe ahụ ugboro atọ, na-enweta ego ọzọ n'ụdị onyinye atọ dị iche iche n'okpuru nduzi nke.    

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Young alụghị di na mgbakwunye na mmebi anya ya metụtara ọrụ, ọ nwere mgba ego, ọ bụkwa naanị nkwado maka nne ya na-arịa ọrịa, Lillie Young, ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ.[1] N'ebe Howard nọ, nhọrọ ya dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị nwanyị America-America nwere oke na ọkwa nkuzi na-enweghị ohere nyocha na nkwado.

 Nsọpụrụ 
A nabatara Roger Arliner Young na mkpebi nke oge afọ 2005 ya na ụmụ nwanyị Africa America anọ ndị ọzọ "ndị mebiri ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi iji nweta ịdị ukwuu na sayensị".  Ndị ọzọ a na-asọpụrụ bụ Ruth Ella Moore ("onye na afọ nke1933 ghọrọ nwanyị Africa America mbụ nwetara Ph.D. na sayensụ okike site na Mahadum Ohio State"), Euphemia Lofton Haynes ("onye na afọ 1943 ghọrọ nwanyị Africa American mbụ nwetara Ph-D. na mgbakọ na mwepụ site na Ma Mahadum Katọlik nke America"), Shirley Ann Jackson ("onye ghọrọ nwanyị America mbụ na afọ1973 ka Mahadum America").

Otu ìgwè nke ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na nchedo guzobere Roger Arliner Young (RAY) Marine Conservation Diversity Fellowship na nsọpụrụ Young, iji kwado ndị na-eto eto Africa Amerika chọrọ itinye aka na ọrụ nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi.

 Hụkwa 

 Ndepụta nke ndị Mahadum Howard
 Ruth Ella Moore, nwanyị ojii mbụ na United States nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctoral na nje bacteria (na 1933, site na Mahadum Ohio State)
 Roger Arliner Young, akụkọ ndụ dị nkenke sitere na Infoplease .
 Akụkọ ndụ ojii: Roger Arliner Young sitere na Answers.com .

 Roger Arliner Young, Ọkà mmụta sayensị, nke Kenneth R. Manning maka Sage: Akwụkwọ akụkọ Ọkachamara nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii, 6: 3–7, 1989.
 Black Stars: African American Women Scientists and Inventors, nke Otha Richard Sullivan, Jossey-Bass Publishers, 2001.

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