Marta Zauniūtė

Marta maọbu Morta Zauniūtė (German: Martha Saunus; 22 Maachị 1875 – 10 Jenụwarị 1945?) bụ onye na-akwado mgbasa ozi Lithuania na Lithuania Minor. A na-echeta ya nke ọma dịka onye nchịkwa nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Lithuania Varpas, Ūkininkas, na Naujienos site na 1900 ruo 1905. N'ihi mmachibido iwu mgbasa ozi nke Lithuania, ebipụtara akwụkwọ ndị a na East Prussia ma zụbata ya na Lithuania.

Ọ bụ onye na-akwado echiche ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na nke ndị kọmunist  ndụ ya niile. O nyere aka ibipụta na ịzụbata akwụkwọ akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, tinyekwara inye aka nye ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Lithuania.

 Akụkọ ndụ 

 Mbido ndụ 
áká_èkpè|thumb|Ezinụlọ Zauniai, 1900 Ahịrị nke mbụ: Marė, Augustė; nke abụọ: Berta, Elzė (nne), Dovas (nwa), Dovas, Ema; ahịrị nke atọ: Ana, Endrius, Marta, Hermanis
A mụrụ Marta Zauniūtė na 22 Machị 1875 na Rokaiten[a] na Prussia n'ezinụlọ onye Prussian Lithuanian na-eme ihe ike Dovas Zaunius. Ezinụlọ ahụ nwere ụmụ itoolu, ụmụ nwoke atọ na ụmụ nwanyị isii, gụnyere Dovas Zaunius (1892–1940) onye ghọrọ Minister of Foreign Affairs nke Lithuania (1929–1934) na Augustė Zauniūtė (1890–1950) onye ghọrọ dọkịta ahụike. 

Zauniūtė gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị na Tilsit  ma ọ chọghị agụmakwụkwọ ka elu.  O sonyere na ọrụ nke Birutė Society (nke nna ya bụ onyeisi oche ya).  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Febụwarị 1899, ọ rụrụ ọrụ Dainienė na egwuregwu Pasiilgrimas veldėtojo nke Vydūnas mere na Tilsit . 

 Onye na-akwado mgbasa ozi 
O sonyeere ndụ omenala Lithuania gburugburu afọ 1900 mgbe o nyere aka ịhazi ihe ngosi Lithuania na Paris World's Fair. Nna ya bụ onye so na kọmitii nhazi ahụ, mana ọ bụ Zauniūtė bụ onye chịkọtara, hazie ma bufee ihe ngosi na Paris. N'ịkwadebe maka ngosi ahụ, Zauniūtė na Joafọ nas Vanagaitis kwadebere ndepụta nke akwụkwọ asụsụ Lithuanian na edemede Blackletter. Ọ bụ Jonas Žilius-Jonila dezigharịrị ya ma bipụta ya na United States. Ọ bụ akwụkwọ mbụ nke akwụkwọ Lithuanian na Lithuania Minor ma nwee ntinye maka akwụkwọ 154 na akwụkwọ akụkọ 22.

Mgbe Vincas Kudirka nwụsịrị, Zauniūtė bụ onye nchịkwa nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Lithuania Varpas, Ūkininkas, na Naujienos site na 1900 ruo 1905. O nyekwara aka bipụta Darbininkų balsas nke Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. N'ihi mmachibido iwu akwụkwọ akụkọ Lithuania, a na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ndị a na East Prussia ma bufee ya na Lithuania nke bụ akụkụ nke Alaeze Ukwu Russia mgbe ahụ.

Na Febụwarị 1900, Zauniūtė ghọrọ onye isi oche nke otu ụmụ nwanyị agụmakwụkwọ e hiwere ọhụrụ Lietuvaičių šviesa (Ìhè nke ụmụ nwanyị Lithuania) nke zubere imepe ọbá akwụkwọ Lithuania. Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mkpụmkpụ ma kwụsị ọrụ site na 1901. [7]

N'afọ 1902, Zauniūtė meghere ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ Lithuania na Tilsit .  Ụfọdụ ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na-enye onye ọ na-achọ ịlụ Petras Mikolainis otuto maka ụlọ ahịa ahụ; Zauniūtė n'onwe ya gosipụtara iwe na ọ hụrụ ya dị ka odibo karịa onye ya na ya hà nhata. Ụlọ ahịa ahụ jere ozi dị ka ebe dị mkpa maka ndị na-ebubata akwụkwọ na Lithuania na ndị Lithuania na-akwaga mba ọzọ. N'ihi na o nyere aka ịhazi mbubata nke akwụkwọ ndị Social Democratic na nke ndị Kọmunist, ndị uwe ojii Germany na-awakpo ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ ahụ ugboro ugboro. Ọ bụghị azụmahịa na-aba uru ma n'otu oge a na-ere ihe onwunwe ya iji kwụọ ụgwọ ya. Ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ ahụ mechiri na 1905. 

 Onye nhazi 
Zauniūtė also organized aid to Lithuanian activists who had to flee the Tsarist police. She was a member of the illegal society Martyrs' Fund (Lithuanian: Kankinių kasa) which collected donations to aid the persecuted activists of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party and Lithuanian Democratic Party. She facilitated the communication between the activists in Lithuania and United States where most of the funds were collected. Imprisoned Vincas Kapsukas wrote notes and memoirs that he secretly sent to Zauniūtė for safekeeping (the memoirs were published in 1929).

Zauniūtė nwere nnukwu netwọk nke kọntaktị. Ya na Vydūnas na Martynas Jankus rụkọrọ ọrụ. Ọ kwadoro akwụkwọ ozi nke Jonas Šliūpas na ndị ọzọ na-eme ngagharị iwe na Lithuania. O degaara Povilas Višinskis, Jonas Jablonskis, Felicija Bortkevičienė, Kazys Grinius,  Jurgis Šaulys,  na ndị ọzọ akwụkwọ ozi. 

 Oge ngwụcha ndụ ya 
N'ihe dị ka 1901, Zauniūtė kwere onye ọzọ Lithuanian na-eme ihe ike Petras Mikolainis nkwa ọlụlụ. Ọ gbapụrụ n'aka ndị uwe ojii Germany gaa na United States, mana ọ laghachiri Tilsit na 1901 na-enwe olileanya ịga n'ihu na ọrụ ọdịnala na imeghe ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ Lithuania. Otú ọ dị, ndị uwe ojii chọpụtara ya ma gbalaga na United States na 1902. Mikolainis kpọrọ Zauniūtė ka ọ soro ya, na-enye ya ka ọ gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya. Ọ na-egbu oge ma jụ ruo mgbe mmekọrịta ha kwụsịrị n'ihe dị ka 1909. Vincas Kapsukas na Juozas Gabrys gosikwara mmasị ịhụnanya, mana Zauniūtė alụghị di.

Na mbido afọ 1910, Zauniūtė hapụrụ Tilsit wee laghachi n'obodo ya bụ Rokaiten. Mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere ndị Communist Party nke Germany ma nyere ndị Lithuanian Communist Party aka ibipụta akwụkwọ ya na Germany. N'ihi ike na-arịwanye elu nke Nazi Party, ọ kwagara Klaipėda na 1930 ka ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Augustė biri, onye nwere ọrụ ahụike onwe ya n'obodo ahụ. N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1935, e nyere Zauniūtė ụgwọ ezumike nká nke steeti Lithuania nke 100 litas kwa ọnwa. N'afọ 1945, n'oge Agha Memel, ọ malitere ịlaghachi Germany mana a maghị ọdịnihu ya. E kwenyere na ọ nwụrụ na 10 Jenụwarị 1945 na Königsberg.

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