Asụsụ Soddo

Soddo (autonym kəstane "Kraịst"; nke a na-akpọbu Aymälläl n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ, na-asụcha otu olumba ya) bụ asụsụ Gurage nke nde mmadụ na-asụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Etiopia . Ọ bụ asụsụ Semitic Etiopia nke ezinụlọ Northern Gurage. Ndị na-asụ ya, ndị Soddo Gurage (Kistane), bi na mpaghara Soddo nke Mpaghara Gurage . [ a chọrọ nkọwa ]

 fonology 

 Consonants 

 [ʔ] ka a na-anụkarị mgbe ọ nọ n'etiti ụdaume, ma ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ mmalite n'ihu ụdaume.
 A pụkwara ịnụ ụda /p, pʼ, tsʼ/ n'okwu agbaziri agbazi.
 Ụda /k, ɡ, kʼ/ nwekwara ike ịnwe allophones labialized [kʷ, ɡʷ, kʼʷ].
 /b/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka okwu na-ese okwu [β] mgbe ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ intervocalic.
 Enwere ike ịnụ /m/ dị ka [ɱ] mgbe tupu /f/, na /n/ dị ka [ŋ] mgbe tupu /k/. 

 Udaume 
 N'ihu Central Azu Mechie i ɨ u N'etiti e ọ o Mepee a

 Ụtọ asụsụ 


 Aha aha 
Dịka ọ dị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ Etiopia, ndị ntozu aha na-esokarị aha.

Ekwuputara edemede a doro anya site na suffix -i, eg: goš "nwoke" > goš-i "nwoke ahụ"; ätit "nwanne" > ätiti "nwanna nwanyị"; bayyočč "ụmụaka" > bayyočč-i . Ọ bụrụ na aha ahụ gwụ na -a ma ọ bụ -ä, ọ na-efunarị ụdaume a mgbe -i na suffix: angačča "cat" > angačč-i "put". Aha na-agwụ na -i na-anọkarị otu: abi "(nna) nna, onye nwe ya". Mkpọaha na-agwụ na -e, -o, -u na-agbakwụnye y n'ihu suffix: ge "ụlọ" > geʸi "ụlọ ahụ"; wälläho "onye agbata obi" > wällähoʸi "onye agbata obi". Ọ bụrụ na aha ahụ nwere qualifier, a na-eji isiokwu ahụ na nke mbụ eme ihe: maläk' ge "nnukwu ụlọ" > maläk'-i ge "nnukwu ụlọ"; yä-šum-i ge "ụlọ onye ọrụ" (lit. "nke-ọrụ-ụlọ"); yä-mät't'-i məss "nwoke ahụ bịara" (lit. "onye-bịara-nwoke ahụ").
Bekee isi okwu ọjọọ nkebi ahịrịokwu na-adịghị mma Anaghị m amalite ihe anụ gi (m. sg.) amalitela ihe efu ihe gi (f. sg.) amalitela ịta ahụhụ ihe atụ ọ naghị ebido tik'a ihe ọ naghị ebido ihe efu ihe anyị anaghị amalite nri anụ ị (m. pl) malite tətəkəm ihe omimi ị (f. pl.) na-aga n'ihu ịta ahụhụ ihe omimi ha (m.) na-aga n'ihu tik'arọm ihe atụ ha (f.) na-aga n'ihu tik'arsəma ihe omume
Ọmụmaatụ: ahoññ yəmät'a timäsəl "ọ dịghị ka ọ ga-abịa taa"; ädahʷan t-aykäfəl alläfo "ọ hapụrụ akwụghị ụgwọ ya".

 Nke ziri ezi ma dị mkpa 
 conjugation A njikọ B njikọ C 1st onye singular    plural    Nke abụọ onye singular m.    f.    plural m.    f.    Nke atọ onye singular m.    f.    plural m.    f.   
A na-agbagha ndị a site na nganiihu ay- : ayəsfär, ayšäkkət, aygalb . Ụdị onye nke abụọ wee gbanwee ka o kwekọọ na ndị ọzọ: attəsfär, attəsfer, attəsfärəm, attəsfärma .

Dịka:

  "let him take according to his work"
  "don't touch someone's property"
  "rest and sit down" (sit down quietly)

 Ntụaka 
bụ asụsụ Gurage nke nde mmadụ na-asụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Etiopia . Ọ bụ asụsụ Semitic Etiopia nke ezinụlọ Northern Gurage. Ndị na-asụ ya, ndị Soddo

 Ọgụgụ ọzọ 

 Cohen, Marcel, Etudes d'éthiopien méridional . Paris: Geuthner 1931.
 Gideon Goldenberg, "Kəstanəñña: Studies in a Northern Gurage Language of Christians", na: Orientlia Suecana 17 (1968), 61-102 [=Gideon Goldenberg, Studies in Semitic Linguistics, The Magnes Press: Jerusalem 1998  ].
 Gideon Goldenberg, "L'étude du gouragué et la comparaison chamito-sémitique", na: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma - Problemi attuali di Scienza e di Cultura, Quad. N. 191 II (1974), p. 235–249 [= Ọmụmụ na asụsụ Semitic, p. 463–477].
 Gideon Goldenberg, "Asụsụ Semitic nke Etiopia na nhazi ha", na: Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 40 (1977), p. 461–507. [= Ọmụmụ ihe n'asụsụ Semitic, p. 286–332].
 Gideon Goldenberg, “Mmasị asụsụ na Gurage na Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Gurage Etymological” [Ntụleghachi edemede nke Wolf Leslau (1979)], na: Annali, Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli 47 (1987), p. 75–98. [= Ọmụmụ ihe n'asụsụ Semitic, p. 439–462].
 Gideon Goldenberg, "Isi ihe abụọ nke ụtọasụsụ Kəstane", na: Grover Hudson (ed.), Essays na asụsụ na omenala Gurage. : raara nye Wolf Leslau na emume nke 90th ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya, Nọvemba 14, 1996, Harrassowitz: Wiesbaden 1996 (  ), p. 93–99.
 Wolf Leslau, ndị Etiopia na-ekwu : Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara omenala, III. Soddo . Ọmụmụ Ọwụwa Anyanwụ nso, 11. Berkeley: Mahadum California Press 1968.
 Wolf Leslau, Etymological Dictionary of Gurage (Ethiopic) . 3 mpịakọta. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 1979. ISBN 3-447-02041-5 .
 Wolf Leslau, Ọmụmụ Gurage: Akụkọ anakọtara, Otto Harrassowitz: Wiesbaden 1992. ISBN 3-447-03189-1
 Johannes Mayer, Kurze Wörtersammlung na Englisch, Deutsch, Amharisch, Gallansich, Guraguesch, herausgegeben von Dr. L. Krapf. Basel: Pilgermissions-Buchdruckerei St. Grischona 1878.
 Franz Praetorius, "Ueber den Dialekt von Gurāguē", na: Die amharische Sprache, Halle 1879, p. 507–523 (ihe odide ntụkwasị nke abụọ).
 Robert Hetzron, "Main Verb-Markers in Northern Gurage", na: Africa XXXVIII (1968), p. 156–172.
 yä-Kəstane Gurage əmmät (həzb) tarik . Addis Ababa 1986 ( kalenda Etiopia ).

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Ihe ndekọ nke Ndị Kraịst na Soddo na weebụsaịtị Global Recordings .
 World Atlas of Language Structures ozi na Soddo