Asụsụ Bantawa

Asụsụ Bantawa (a na-akpọkwa ya dị ka An Yüng, Bantaba, Bantawa Dum, Bantawa Yong, Bantawa Yüng, Bontawa, Kirawa Yüng), bụ asụsụ Kiranti na-asụ n'ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Himalayan nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Nepal site n'aka agbụrụ Kirati Bantawa. Ha na-eji usoro mkpụrụedemede syllabic mara dị ka Kirat Rai . N'etiti ndị Khambu ma ọ bụ Rai nke Eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Darjeeling na Kalimpong na India, Bantawa bụ asụsụ a na-asụkarị.  Dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ mba 2001 siri dị, opekata mpe 1.63% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Nepal na-asụ Bantawa. Ihe dị ka 370,000 na-asụ asụsụ Bantawa na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nepal (2001). Ọ bụ ezie na Bantawa so na ụdị asụsụ Bantawa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe, ọ dabara n'ụdị asụsụ 100,000 dị n'ihe egwu.  Ọ na-enwe mgbanwe asụsụ na Nepali, ọkachasị na mpaghara ugwu. 

A na-asụ Bantawa n'usoro isiokwu-ihe-ngwaa, na enweghị akara aha ma ọ bụ okike. 

 Olumba 
Ọtụtụ n'ime ezinụlọ Bantawa bi ugbu a na Bhojpur, Dharan, Illam, na Dhankuta. Ọnụọgụ na-adịbeghị anya gosiri na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bi na Dharan. A na-asụ Bantawa na mpaghara ndị a na Nepal ( Ethnologue ).

 Mpaghara No. 1 : Mpaghara Bhojpur, Mpaghara Dhankuta, Mpaghara Ilam, Mpaghara Jhapa, Mpaghara Khotang, Mpaghara Morang, Mpaghara Okhaldhunga, Mpaghara Panchthar, Mpaghara Sunsari, Mpaghara Taplejung na Udayapur District
 Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong nke India

Olumba dị ka ndị a ( Ethnologue ).

 Northern Bantawa (Dilpali)

 Olumba ndị ugwu: Mangpahang, Raipachha, Awaichha, Rungchenbung na Yangma

 Ndịda Bantawa (Chewali, Okhreli, Hatuwali, Hangkhim)

 Southern na Northern Bantawa, nke yiri ya, enwere ike ijikọ ọnụ dị ka 'Intermediate Bantawa'.

 Eastern Bantawa (Dhankuta)

 Olumba ọwụwa anyanwụ bụ nke kacha dị iche. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Dungmali, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nwere njikọ na asụsụ Puma, asụsụ Sampang na asụsụ Chhintange .

 Western Bantawa (Amchoke, Amchauke)

 Olumba Amchaucke: Sorung, Saharaja, Lulam, na Sukita

 Wana Bantawa (nke a na-akpọkwa Bantawa), nke ndị obere Bantawa na-asụ. A na-asụ olumba Amchoke na mpaghara Limbu, ọkachasị na mpaghara Ilam.

A na-ahụtakwa Bantawa dị ka ezinụlọ kacha elu na ezinụlọ Kiranti. A kọkwara na a na-eji Bantawa eme ihe dị ka asụsụ asụsụ n'etiti ndị obere Rai na Himalayan Sikkim, Darjeeling Kalimpong Na India na Bhutan . Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-ewebata asụsụ ahụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ole na ole na ọkwa mbụ (Afọ 1 - Afọ 5)  site na iji edemede Devanagari .  

Asụsụ Waling na-apụ apụ nke agbanyere na njedebe narị afọ nke 19 nwere ike ịbụ ụdị Bantawa dị iche iche, ma ọ bụ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị olumba Hatuwali ndị Waling na-asụ taa.

 Asụsụ Bantawa 
BantawaIPANepaliEnglishSewa सेवाsewäनमस्तेGood Morning/Afternoon/Evening,Kok कोकkokभातFood, RiceKhan खानkʰänतरकारीCurryMünachi मनाचिmɨnätsiमानिसहरूPeopleDiwa दिवाdiwäबाजेGrandfatherDima दिमाdimäबजूGrandmotherPapa पापाpäpäबुबाFatherMama मामाmämäआमाMotherNana नानाnänäदिदीElder-sisterNichhama निछामाnitsʰmäबहिनीLittle-SisterDewa  देवाdewäठूलो बुबाUncle elder to dadDema  देमाdemäबडी आमाAunt Elder to Dad/ Dad's elder sister-in-lawBaŋa  बाङाbäŋäकाकाUncle younger to DadChhɨna  छ़नाtsʰɨnäकाकीYounger uncle wifeBüwa ब़वाbɨwäदाजुElder BrotherNichha निछाnit͡sʰäभाइYounger BrotherNichha'o Chhachi निछा:ओ छाचीnitsʰäʔo tsʰätsiभाइबहिनीका छोराछोरीBrothers' or sisters' childrenAachhuwa, chhuwa आछुवा, छुवाätsʰuwa tsʰuwaमामाMother's younger BrotherPhekwa फेकवाpek-waपैसाMoneyTeet तितtitलुगाClothsCha'wa चा:वाt͡säʔwäपानीWaterMi मिmiआगोFireThuli थुलिtʰuliपिठोFlourSampicha साम्पिचाsämpit͡säकोदोMilletKhabat, Wachhon खाबात, वाछोनkʰäwät wät͡sʰonजाडLocally brew wineHengmawa हेङमावाheŋmäwäरक्सीRum/Whisky/BrandySa साsäमासुMeatChhüna  छ़नाt͡sʰɨnäफुपुAunt (Father's sister)Diwa, Dima दिवा, दिमाdiwä dimäहजुरबुवा, हजुरआमाGrandfather, GrandmotherOyatni ओयात्नीohyätniयहाँ तिरHereMoyatni मोयात्नीmoyätniत्यहाँ तिरThereKhada खादाkʰädäकहाँWhereDemni देम्नीdemniकतिHowUnni उन्नीunniयति मात्रThis muchChama चामाt͡sämäखानुto  EatTücha त़चाtɨ t͡säखाने हो?Do you want to eat?Kok Tücha? कोक त़चा ?kok tɨ t͡säखाना खाने हो ?Do you eat rice?KüngkɨŋदातteethÜtloɨt-loनराम्रो, खराबbadMunima मुनिमाmunimäबिरालोCat

 fonology 

 Udaume 
+Ụdaume N'ihu Central Azu na-agbaghị gburugburu Mechie i ᤀᤡ ⟨ इ ⟩ ɨ ~ ə ⟨ ⟩ u ᤀᤢ ⟨ उ ⟩ N'etiti etiti e ᤀᤣ ⟨ ⟩ o ᤀᤥ ⟨ ⟩ Oghere-etiti ʌ ⟨ अ ⟩ Mepee ä ⟨ आ ⟩

 ʌ vowel comes in Bantawa due to influence of Nepali language and it is rarely used like in other Tibetan Burmese language.
 nowadays some dialect or in region may pronounce /ɨ/ as [ʌ], [u], or [ə].

Ọmụmaatụ:  (anya) akpọ ,  (agwọ) dị ka  .

 Consonants 
+Bantawa consonant phonemesBilabialDentalApico-alveolarLamino-alveolarPalatalVelarGlottalNasal ᤔ  ᤏ  ᤅ Plosive/Affricatevoicelessunaspirated ᤐ  ᤋ  ᤋ  ᤆ  ᤁ   ᤹ aspirated ᤑ  ᤌ  ᤌ  ᤇ  ᤂ voicedunaspirated ᤒ  ᤍ  ᤍ  ᤈ  ᤃ aspirated ᤓ  ᤎ  ᤎ  ᤉ  ᤄ Fricative ᤛ  ᤜ Trill ᤖ Lateral ᤗ Approximant ᤘ  ᤕ 

 Glotta stop [ ʔ ] bụ otu n'ime consonants nke asụsụ Bantawa nke na-anọchi anya ya site na iji ⟨ : ⟩ .
 Consonant eze na Apico-alveolar anaghị eme ihe ọ bụla mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu.
 Iji dee asụsụ Bantawa Kirat Sirijunga lipi na Devanagari lipi ka a na-eji na Nepal.

 Ntụaka 

 Ọgụgụ ọzọ 

 Oge oyi, Werner. 2003. Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Bantawa . Ọnọdụ na linguistics - akwụkwọ 20. Mouton de Gruyter: New York.
 Doornenbal, Marius. 2009. A Grammar nke Bantawa . Mahadum Leiden PhD Thesis. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ LOT: Utrecht.


 Njikọ mpụga 

 A Grammar nke Bantawa
 Bantawa: Nleba anya nke asụsụ egwu