Asụsụ Satawalese

Satawalese bụ Asụsụ Micronesia nke Federated States of Micronesia.  Ọ echiche nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na Mortlockese na Carolinian ike ya.

 Mmalite 

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 
Satawal bụ nke a na-asụrụ n'achọetiti Satawal, nke dị na Federated States of Micronesia .  A na-asụkwa ahụ na Yap State, nkọwa na nkọwa ndị dị nso dị ka Lamotrek, Woleai, Puluwat, Pulusuk, na Chuuk State.  Amụma ndị isi ndị na-asụ ya na Saipan, Commonwealth nke Northern Mariana Islands, na ụfọdụ nke United States.  Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 1987, ihe dị ka mmadụ 460 na-asụrụ Satawalese mana ọnụ ọgụgụ aamụbaala, dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke onye ọkụ Kevin Roddy mere koro maka ihe dị ka ndị 700 na-asụrụ ya na 2007.

 Nchịkọta 
A na-amata Satawalese dị ka ahia Austronesian ma bụrụ onye otu aha Chuukic.  N'ịbụ nke onye ọkpụkpọ Edward Quackenbush ngwa, subgroup Chuukic bụ usoro dị iche iche nke nwere ihe dị ka ụbọchị 17 dị iche iche na dị ichelekana nke gbatịrị kilomita 2,100 esemokwu ahụ Pacific (Roddy, 2007).  Usoro a na-amalite na Chuuk n'ebe ụmụaka maahụ na Sonsorol n'ebe ahụ ike.  N'etiti ahia a bụ Satawalese.  N'iji usoro ntụnyere, nke na-agụnye ileba anya n'okwu na mgbochi, ndị ọkà akara ngosi nwere ike ijikọ Satawalese yana n'anya nwanne ya na akara Chuukic.  Asụsụ nwanne nke Satawalese egwu Carolinian, Chuukese, Mapia, Mortlockese, Namonuito, Paafang, Puluvatese, Sonsorol, Tanapag, Tobian, Ulithian, na Woleaian..

 Ụda 

 Mkpụrụ okwu 
Asụsụ Satawalese nwere ụdaume iri na ise a kapịrị ọnụ. /p/, /pwɣ/, /f/, /m/, /mwɣ/,/w/, /n/, /t/, /s/, /r/, /j/, /k/, / t͡ʃ/, /ŋ/, /š/
Akpụkpọ ahụEzé / AlveolarPost-alveolar<br id="mwQA">N'azụỤgbọ imim, mwɣmʷˠnŋOkpokorop, pwɣpʷˠtt͡ʃkIhe na-esiri ikefsỌkụ na-ada ụdawrɻj
A na-arụrịta ụka banyere ịdị adị nke phoneme /g/ na Satawalese. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na foneme bụ allophone nke foneme /k/. A na-atụ aro na n'asụsụ Satawalese, enwere ike ịgbanwe ụdaume abụọ ahụ n'agbanweghị ihe okwu pụtara. Nnyocha ndị na-emegide ya na-atụ aro  ka ọ bụrụ ụdaume nke ya. N'ihi ihe akaebe na-egosi ojiji nke  n'onwe ya n'ime okwu Satawalese, aro na ọ bụ ụdaume nke ya nwere nguzo siri ike.

A chọpụtala foneme /l/ na Satawalese dị ka allophone maka foneme /n/ n'ihi mmetụta nke asụsụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu.  esoghị na ndepụta ụdaume Satawalese mana ọ bụ akụkụ nke asụsụ ndị yiri ya dị nso. A na-aghọta ekwentị a iji nye otu ihe ahụ phoneme  ga-emepụta mana n'asụsụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu, enwere ọnọdụ ebe a na-enweghị ike ịgbanwe ọrụ;  ga-enwe ike iwere ọnọdụ  mana  enweghị ike iwere ebe .

 Ọnụ ọgụgụ 
ka ọtụtụ ụbọchị Pacific yana ọtụtụ gburu gburugburu ụwa, Satawalese na-eji usoro ịgụta iri eme ihe.  Asụsụ Satawalese nwere usoro ọnụọgụta abụọ (Roddy, 2007).  Otu usoro bụ ụdị ngwa ngwa, nke bụ ụdị eji agụ ihe yana egwuregwu.  Usoro njikọ abụọ nke na Satawal bụ nke na-akpa ngwa.  A na-eji usoro a eme ihe mgbe a na-akpa usoro ọnụọgụ, ndị okenye na-Iche ya eme ihe.

 Ike 
Dị ka endangeredlanguages.com si kwuo, a na-hazi Satawalese dị ka Asụsụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.  ụgbọala, Shatawalese na-egosi ọtụtụ nkwa maka onyonyo.  A na-asụrụ Satawalese dị ka L1 site n'aka ọtụtụ ndị bi n'etiti Satawal.  A na-enwe eme ihe na Federated States of Micronesia nakwa na steeti ndị dị nso.  Ọzọkwa, dị ka David Roddy si kwuo, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ Satawalese amụbaala ruo 700 na isi ego e mere na 2007. Ịmara ngosi ahụ abụwo ụdị ugbu a n'asụsụ ahụ n'ihi ihe ngosi nke onye njem Mau Piailug onye maara nke onye njem Mau Piailug onye maara na bụ onye ụgbọ mmiri mbụ n'ama mmiri nke ụgbọ mmiri Hawaiian a ma ama nke nwere okpukpu abụọ.  Site na logo ihe, መካከለኛ n'nisetiti ahụ ndị ndị mmadụ, , akara, na akara, nke major na-ama ịme ngosi ngosi ndị ọzọ, pice ike ọrịa ndị ọzọ, na ihe ndị ọzọ.  N'ikpeazụ, akwụkwọ Satawalese dị mfe ama.  Dị ka e kwuru tupu e akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na-enye nhọrọ ka ikike mee n'etiti ndị okenye na ndị na-eto eto.

 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 

 Onye na-eme njem nke Satawal, Mau Piailug's Star Compass.mpg. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpX04U9FvTU.
 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] A Sketch Grammar of Satawalese, The Language of Satawal Island, Yap State, Micronesia. E nwetara ya na Mahadum nke Hawai'i Manoa Scholarspace website:http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/20678/M.A.CB5.H3_3421_r.pdf?usoro=2.
 Satawalese Asụsụ Ndị Na-eyi Egwu Egwu. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030410/http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/5426
 The Trukic Language Continuum in Night Thoughts of a Field Linguist (2005, May 12). Ozi e biputere na http://fieldlinguistnotes.wordpress.com/2005/05/12/the-trukic- language-continuum/.

 Ihe odide