Frederick Katzer

Frederick Xavier Katzer (February 7, 1844 - Julaị 20, 1903) bụ onye ụkọchukwu Katọlik America amụrụ na Austria onye jere ozi dịka Archbishọp Milwaukee site na 1891 ruo 1903. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka Bishọp nke Green Bay (1886-1891)..

 Oge ọ malitere 
A mụrụ Frederick Katzer na February 7, 1844, na Ebensee, Upper Austria na nke Ukwu Austria (nke bụ akụkụ Austria) nye Carl na Barbara Katzer.  [1] Ezinụlọ ahụ mechara kwaga Gmunden na Upper Austria.  Katzer nwetara agụmakwụkwọ wee hapụ mba ahụ ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ akwa akwa.  N'afọ 1857, ọ banyere na obere seminarị nke ndị Jesuit na Freinberg na Upper Austria iji mụọ ụwa ochie..=Milwaukee|publisher=The Evening Wisconsin Company}}</ref>

Mgbe Katzer na-agụ akwụkwọ na seminarị Jesuit, o zutere Reverend Francis Pierz, onye ozi ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na American India na State of Minnesota na United States.  Pierz kpọrọ Kalzer ka ọ gụchaa na seminarị na Minnesota ma gaa rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ozi ebe ahụ.  Site n'enyemaka nke onyinye sitere na Leopoldine Society of Vienna, Kalzer nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ maka njem gị na United States.

Kalzer hapụrụ New York na Mee 1864 wee gaa Minnesota.[1]  Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọ rutere ebe ahụ, Diocese nke Saint Paul gwara Kalzer na ọ nweghị ike ịkwado ya na seminarị ahụ.  N'oge a, Kalzer tulere isonye n'usoro Jesuit.

Otú ọ dị, Kalzer gwara Reverend Joseph Salzmann okwu, onye guzobere Saint Francis de Sales Seminary ọhụrụ na Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Site na Diocese nke Milwaukee chọrọ ndị ụkọchukwu ndị ọzọ na-asụ German, Salzmann mere ka Katzer kweta imecha ọmụmụ nkà mmụta okpukpe ya ma bụrụ onye a họpụtara n'ebe ahụ."Most Reverend Frederick Xavier Katzer, D.D." Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milwaukee.

 Ịbụ ụkọchukwu 
Mgbe ọ gwụchara na Saint Francis de Sales, Katzer echiri echichi onye ụkọchukwu maka Archdiocese nke Milwaukee na Disemba 21, 1866, site n'aka Bishọp John Henni..

Mgbe a họpụtara ya na 1866, Saltzmann họpụtara Katzer ka ọ bụrụ onye a họpụtara na ngalaba nke Saint Francis de Sales, ebe ọ kụziri mgbakọ na mwepụ, nkà ihe ọmụma, na nkà mmụta okpukpe.Men of Progress: Wisconsin (PDF). Milwaukee: The Evening Wisconsin Company. 1897. N'afọ 1867, Katzer kpọtara ndị mụrụ ya na United States. ha bu ụzọ soro ya biri na seminarị, ma mesịa soro ya gaa Green Bay na Milwaukee ruo mgbe nna ya nwụrụ na 1876 na ọnwụ nne ya na 1895. 

Na Julaị 1875, e tinyere Katzer, ma ọ bụ bufee ya na Diocese ọhụrụ nke Green Bay.  Bishọp Francis Krautbauer họpụtara Kalzer ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ ya.[1]  Na 1881, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye mbụ na Katidral Saint Francis Xavier ọhụrụ na Green Bay.  [2] N'otu afọ ahụ, Krautbauer họpụtara Katzer ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke dayọsis ahụ. 

 Bishọp nke Green Bay 
Mgbe Krautbauer nwụsịrị, Pope Leo XIII họpụtara Katzer ka ọ bụrụ bishọp nke atọ nke Green Bay na Julaị 13, 1886. [1] Ọ natara nsọpụrụ nke ịbụ bishọp na Septemba 21, 1886, site n'aka Archbishọp Michael Heiss, na ndị bishọp John Vertin na John Ireland bụ ndị jere ozi dịka ndị bishọp..

Na 1889, ndị na-akwado Nativist na Wisconsin Legislature gafere Bennett Iwu, nke chọrọ ka ụlọ akwụkwọ niile dị na Wisconsin kuzie nkuzi naanị na Bekee.  N'oge a, ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik dị na steeti ahụ na-akụzi na German, Polish na asụsụ ndị ọzọ kwabatara.  Katzer katọrọ iwu ahụ dị ka "nzọụkwụ nke àmà na-egosi na-agbalị ịkwalite mwakpo ya na Ụka ​​ma mezuo mmegbu ya site na steeti."[1] Na nhoputa ndi ochichi nke 1890, Kalzer kwadoro onye ochichi onye ochichi Democratic George Wilbur Peck, onye mgbe a họpụtara ya wepụrụ iwu Bennett na 1891..".

N'ime afọ ise Katzer dị ka bishọp, ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik dị na diocese ahụ mụbara site na 44 na ụmụ akwụkwọ 5,292 na 1886 ruo 70 na ụmụ akwụkwọ 10,785 na 1891.

 Achịbishọp nke Milwaukee 
Mgbe Heiss nwụsịrị na Machị 1890, ndị bishọp nke Wisconsin tụrụ aro ka mmadụ atọ na-asụ German dochie ya na Leo XIII. Ndị kachasị elu ha bụ Kalzer. Otú ọ dị, nhọpụta ya kpaliri mmeghachi omume n'etiti ndị bishọp ndị ọzọ na United States.

N'oge a, e kewara ndị isi Katọlik nke America n'ogige abụọ.

 Ogige ndị ụkọchukwu America chọrọ ka Vatican họpụta onye ụkọchụ na-asụ Bekee nke ga-enyere aka ịbata ndị mbịarambịa Wisconsin n'ime ọha mmadụ America.
 Ogige ndị Conservative, n'okwu a, ndị bishọp nọ na Wisconsin, chọrọ ka onye ụkọchukwu German chekwaa asụsụ na omenala nke ndị Germany.

Ebe Katzer si Austria, ndị America na-emegide ntuli aka ya.[1]  Archbishọp John Ireland nke St.  Dịka Paul si kwuo, akwụkwọ Kadịnal James Gibbons, okwu Katzer bụ "nwoke zuru oke na onye na-eru eru be Achịbiskọp"".

N'oge nzukọ nke ndị bishọp na July 1890, ogige ndị America nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịmepụta ndepụta nke ndị na-abụghị ndị Germany maka ịbụ achịbishọp nke Milwaukee Ellis, John Tracy (1952). The Life of James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore (1834-1921). Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company. ISBN 0870611445. Ndị Conservative na ndị America zigara ndị ha họpụtara na Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith na Rom. Na Jenụwarị 30, 1891, na mmeri ndị Conservative, Leo XIII họpụtara Katzer dị ka achịbishọp nke atọ nke Milwaukee. "Archbishop Frederick Francis Xavier Katzer". Catholic-Hierarchy.org.

Mgbe a họpụtara ya dị ka archbishọp, Katzer pụtara dị ka onye ndu nke ogige nchekwa nchekwa, nke gụnyere Archbishọp Michael Corrigan nke New York na Bishọp Bernard McQuaid nke Rochester.[1][2]  Na 1899, ndị Conservatives nwetara mmeri ọzọ maka Testem benevolentiae nostrae, iwu Leo XIII.  Katzer gwara ndị mmadụ, "Ndị a na-akpọ Americanism nwere obi ụtọ na ha nwere obi ụtọ na mkpebi nke See na-Ọ dịghị ụzọ anyị nwere ike isi mee ya."  [1] N'afọ sochirinụ, o zigara Vatican akwụkwọ ozi na-emegide nhọpụta nke Bishọp John J. Keane dị ka Archbishọp nke Dubuque..

Peter Cahensly, onye ahịa Germany bara ọgaranya, zigara Leo XIII akụkọ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1891. Cahensly kwuru na ndị Katọlik kwagara na United States na-ahapụ okwukwe n'ihi enweghị ndị ụkọchukwu na ụka nke mba ha.Ellis, John Tracy (1952). The Life of James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore (1834-1921). Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company. ISBN 0870611445. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ndị na-ekiri ihe na-emenụ na-arụ ụka banyere izi ezi nke akụkọ Cahensly, otu onye nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ boro Katzer ebubo ịbụ "onye na-echebe Cahensly" na "na-agba izu na ike mba ọzọ". 

Katzer mere ebubo ahụ megide Kadịnal Gibbons, onye ndu ndị America.  N'akwụkwọ ahụ, Katzer kwuru, sị, "Echeghị m na m nwere echiche dị iche ... gịnị ka m kwenyere n'ụzọ m ga-esi nọrọ na ha?"  [1] N'August 1891, Katzer gwara Gibbons na ya ewerela pallium..

Katzer bụ onye otu Archbishọp nke Ireland Faribault-Stillwater Plan.  Ọ bụ nnwale mmụta malitere na 1873 na usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha nke Poughkeepsie, New York.  Dị ka atụmatụ a si dị, Archdiocese nke New York ewepụtala ọtụtụ parish na usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha iji nye ụmụ akwụkwọ nkuzi okpukpe na-abụghị ụlọ akwụkwọ.[1].  Corrigan's Katzer na mmegharị mgbochi Vatican.  Na mgbakwunye na akwụkwọ ozi nke Archbishọp Michael Corrigan nke New York megide atụmatụ ahụ, a na-ewere na Ireland etinyela akụkụ abụọ nke ajụjụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Rome..Ellis, John Tracy (1952). The Life of James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore (1834-1921). Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company. ISBN 0870611445.

Katzer bụkwa onye isi na-emegide òtù nzuzo ndị na-abụghị ndị Katọlik na òtù ụmụnna maka ụmụ nwoke. Ọ kpọrọ oku ka Vatican katọọ ndị Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, na Sons of Temperance. Holy Office wepụtara nkatọ nke òtù ndị a na 1894, mana o nyere ndị bishọp ikike n'ịkpọsa ya.Ellis, John Tracy (1952). The Life of James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore (1834-1921). Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company. ISBN 0870611445.

 Ndụ na ọnwụ 
Ná mmalite nke Katzer na 1891, achịbishọp ahụ nwere ndị ụkọchukwu 227, ụlọ ụka 268, na ụlọ akwụkwọ 125 iji jeere ndị Katọlik 180,000 ozi. Ka ọ na-erule afọ ikpeazụ ya dị ka achịbishọp na 1903, achịbishọn ahụ nwere ndị ụkọchukwu 329, chọọchị 321, ụlọ akwụkwọ parish 148, na ndị Katọlik 280,861. 

Frederick Katzer nwụrụ site na ọrịa kansa imeju na Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, na July 20, 1903.  E liri ya na obere ili ozu na ala nke Saint Francis de Sales.

 Ihe odide 

 Ebe e si nweta ya 



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