Asụsụ Kulung (Nepal)

Kulung (autonym: Kuluラ, [kulu rɪŋ]) bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Kiranti.  A na-eme emu na mmadụ 33,000 na-asụ ya.  Van Driem (2001) egwu Chukwa dị ka olumba.

 Ebe ndị a na-anọ 
Kulung n'ihe dị ka obodo iri dị n'elu nọrọ Hoṅgu ma ọ bụ Hoṅgu (nke na-esite na Dūdhkosī), na Solukhumbu District nke Sagarmāthā Zone, Nepal.  Obodo ndị isi na-asụ obodo Kulung bụ Chhemsi na Chheskam.  Ndị Kulung na-ewere otu olumba nke akara a na-asụrụ n'obodo abụọ a dị ka ụdị ịkpọ aha.  N'okpuru mmirika, n'ụdị nke osimiri Huṅga, n'ime obodo ndị a na-akpọ Luchcham, Gudel, Chocholung, Nāmluṅg, Pilmo, Bung, Chhekmā, na Sātdi, a na-asụ ụdị Kulung ndị na-adịabụ mma..

 Ndagwurugwu Osimiri Hongu, Ógbè Solukhumbu, Ógbè Sagarmatha: Bung, Pelmang, Chhemsing, Chheskam, Lucham, Chachalung, Satdi, Gudel, Namlung, Sotang, na obodo Chekma
 Mpaghara Sankhuwasabha, Mpaghara Kosi: Mangtewa, Yaphu, na Seduwa VDCs
 Mpaghara Bhojpur, Mpaghara Kosi: Phedi, Limkhim, Khartanga, na Wasepla VDCs

 Ọmụmụ ụdaolu 
Asụsụ Kulung egwu Sotang (Sotaring, Sottaring), Mahakulung, Tamachhang, Pidisoi, Chhapkoa, Pelmung, Namlung, na Khambu.  Kulung na-eme ka ndụ dị n'etiti ụkwụume na ụfọdụume iri na otu.  E nwere usoro ụzọ atọ: dorso-Velar, ezé, na egbugbere ọnụ, usoro ọ elelu nwere olu na-Enweghị ume, olu na-ahụ mma, na ụdị olu na-azụ ume.  E nwere atɔ voiced imi, anɔ approximants, otu vibrant, otu fricative, na atɔ affricates..

 Mkpụrụedemede 
Kulung nwere ụdaume isii dị mkpirikpi na ụdaume isii ogologo:
+Mkpụrụedemede KulungN'ihuCentralỊlaghachi azụshortlongshortlongshortlongN'akụkụiuN'etitieəɔEmeghea

 Mkpụrụedemede ihu na nke etiti anaghị agba gburugburu, ebe ụdaume azụ na-agba gburugburu.

 Mkpụrụ okwu 
+Mkpụrụ okwu ndị na-esote yaBilabialEzé ezéPalatalVelarMkpịsị akaỤgbọ imimnŋ olu na-enweghị umepttɕkʔkwuru okwubddʑgonye na-enweghị oluIhe na-egbu egbuenweghị oluskwuru okwuɦỌkpụkpụɾIhe ndị na-eru nsowlj+Ihe atụ okwu maka ụdaumeIPAIhe Nlereanya'M''arịa ọla''nkewa nke agbụrụ''Ọ gbaghị. ''Ọ tụgharịghị ya. ''Ọ bịaghị. ''Ọ na-ere ọkụ. ''Ọ mụ anya. ''Ọ na-eyi àkwá. ''nri''mkpokoro''obi ụtọ''Lous''nne''nwanne nwanyị okenye''azụ̀''asụsụ, okwu''yeast''ọnụ ọnụ''mmiri ozuzo''ogwe aka'' (ihe ịrịba ama nke ergative) '

 Ọdịdị aha 
N'ime ụdị aha ndị a bụ akụkụ ndị na-esonụ nke okwu: aha, adjectives, nnọchiaha na nọmba. E nwere ụkpụrụ ọdịdị doro anya maka ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti aha na ngwaa. Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike ịdepụta aha maka ikpe na ọnụọgụ, a na-edepụta ngwaa maka onye, ọnụọgụgụ, na oge. Enweghị okike na asụsụ na Kulung.

 Aha nnọchiaha 
Ndị akụkụaha Kulung iri nwere ọnụọgụ atọ (otu, na ọtụtụ) mbụ na mmadụ atọ (onye nke abụọ na onye nke atọ) yana nke zuru oke / naanị.  Enweghị Ọdịiche nwoke na mmanya.
+Ndị nnọchiaha KulungOtuAbụọỌtụtụNke mbụ pụrụ icheN'ihi ya, ọ bụ 'M'kaska 'anyị (ya na ya) 'keika 'anyị (anyị niile, mụ onwe m) 'Nke mbụ gụnyere -kas 'anyị (anyị na m) 'kei 'anyị (anyị niile, mụ onwe m) 'Nke abụọ'ị'ochie 'ị (abụọ) 'anni 'ị (ndị na-eme ihe nkiri) 'Nke atọŋkə 'ya/ya' -N'ịkụ 'ha'

 Ikpe 
Kulung nwere ikpe iri na atọ.  A na-akpata njedebe ikpe na aha nwere ma ọ bụ na-emetụta mmetụta na- otu.  Allomorphy nke njedebe ikpe dabere na ma aha ahụ na-agwụ na ikeume ma ọ bụ ikeume.  N'okpuru ebe a na-egosi njedebe nke aha lam 'okporo ụzọ'.
+Ọnọdụ KulungIhe omumaSuffixNkwadebe Bekee.Ihe NlereanyaNsụgharịihe na-enweghị isi - -lamokporo ụzọmkpụrụ ndụ-minke / 'slam-minke (a) ụzọ / ụzọergative-ʔa -lam-ʔaokporo ụzọngwá ọrụ-ʔasite nalam-ʔan'okporo ụzọvocative-ʔa -lam-ʔaO ụzọebe obibi 1-pina, na, nalam-pin'okporo ụzọebe obibi 2-nana, na, naihe mgbochin'okporo ụzọ (n'ọkwa dị elu) ebe obibi 3-puna, na, nalam-pun'okporo ụzọ (n'okpuru) ebe obibi 4-pana, na, nalam-pan'okporo ụzọ (n'otu ọkwa) comitative-lonana-eme yana okporo ụzọablative-kasite nalam-kasite n'okporo ụzọeletrik-pikasite na mpụgalam-pikasite n'èzí ụzọmgbasa ozi-lasite na, site nana-eme ka ọ dị mman'okporo ụzọ

 Ọdịdị okwu 
A na-eji usoro dị ime anya nke pronominalisation mara ngwaa Kulung, nke a na-ahụ mgbidi nke isi.  Njedebe onwe onye nwere morphemes na- echiche dị ka oge, onye ọrụ, onye ọrịa, ọnụ ọgụgụ, na iche.  Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okwu na ọnọdụ ha na okwu, ngwaa ọ blá na Kulung bụ nke otu ụdị mgbanwe.[1]  A na-egosi njikọ zuru oke nke ngwaa ndị sitere na ụdị dị iche iche iche na ihe mgbakwunye nke abụọ.  Dị ka ọ dị n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ Kiranti, a na-ahụ ngwaa dị iche iche na Kulung.  Ngwakọta ngwaa ndị nwere ogwe aka ngwa na-ahụ nke na- echiche echiche semantic na ngwaa bụ isi.  Okwu ndị ọzọ a na-ahụ na Kulung bụ gerund, imperative, supine na infinitive.
+Ngwaa intransitive per-ma 'ịkwọ ụgbọ elu'Enweghị ihe ziri eziN'oge na-adịghị anyaA jụrụ ya tupu ya eruo1ssite na ya:mananne na-eri1disite na nke asite na nke anne n'otu n'otuNke 1per-ci-kaper-a-kamam-per-s-ka1pin'oge gara agasite na inne na-eri1peper-ya-kaper-i-kamam-per-i-ka2sn'otu n'otusite nanne na nwa2dsite na nke asite na nke anne na-ebughị ụzọ2pper-niper-a-ninne na nna3n'otu n'otusite nanne na nna

 Ihe odide 

 Akwụkwọ 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 WALS - Kulung
 Himalayan Languages Project[usurped]