Irshad Manji

Irshad Manji (amụrụ n'afọ 1968) bụ onye nkuzi Canada a mụrụ na Uganda. Ọ bụ onye dere The Trouble with Islam Today (2004) na Allah, Liberty and Love (2011), nke a machibidoro iwu n'ọtụtụ mba ndị Alakụba. O mekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ PBS na America na usoro Crossroads, akpọrọ Faith Without Fear, nke ahọpụtara maka onyinye Emmy na 2008.[1] [2]  Onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ na onye na-egosi ihe onyonyo, Manji bụ onye na-akwado nkọwa mgbanwe nke Islam na onye nkatọ nkọwa nkịtị nke Koran.   [citation needed]

Akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ya, Don't Label Me (2019), na-atụ aro ụzọ isi gwọọ esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, agbụrụ, na ọdịbendị. Echiche ndị dị n'akwụkwọ ahụ nwere njikọ na Moral Courage Project, nke Manji guzobere na Mahadum New York na 2008 wee gbasaa na Mahadum nke Southern California (USC) na 2016, mgbe ọ bụ onye isi na Annenberg Center on Communication Leadership &amp; Policy. Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị USC, o guzobere Moral Courage College na ebumnuche nke ịkụzi "ndị na-eto eto otu esi etinye aka n'eziokwu banyere ịkpa ókè okwu kama ime ihere ma ọ bụ ịkagbu ibe ha". Manji na-ekwu okwu banyere isiokwu ndị a dị ka onye isi nchọpụta na Oxford Initiative for Global Ethics and Human Rights . 

 Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Manji na 1968 na nso Kampala, Uganda.[1]  Nne ya sitere na Egypt na nna ya nke ihe nketa India.

Mgbe Idi Amin nyere iwu ka Ịchụpụ ndị Eshia na ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ndị Afrịka na Uganda na mbido afọ 1970,   Manji na ezinụlọ ya bịara Canada dị ka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ mgbe ọ dị afọ anọ.  Ha biri na Richmond, British Columbia, nso Vancouver.   Manji gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze na, na Satọdee ọ bụla, ụlọ akwụkwọ okpukpe (madrasa). Manji na-ekwu na, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, a chụpụrụ ya na madrasa maka ịjụ ọtụtụ ajụjụ.

N'afọ 1990, Manji nwetara nzere bachelọ na nsọpụrụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke echiche site na Mahadum British Columbia, wee merie Gọvanọ General's Academic Medal maka onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Humanities. Na 2002, Manji ghọrọ onye na-ede akwụkwọ na Mahadum Toronto's Hart House, ebe ọ malitere ide Nsogbu na Islam Taa.[1] [2]  Ọ bụ onye ọbịa ya na mmemme mmụta mmụta nchekwa mba ụwa na Mahadum Yale na 2006 [3] wee bụrụ onye otu ibe ya na Brussels nke dabeere na European Foundation for Democracy site na 2006 ruo 2012.  

 Ọrụ 
Manji malitere ọrụ ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'afọ ndị 1990. Ọ bụ onye enyemaka iwu na ndị omeiwu Canada maka onye otu New Democratic Party nke ndị omeiwu Dawn Black, mgbe ahụ odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi na Gọọmentị Ontario maka minista nke Ontario New Democratic Party Marion Boyd,  ma mesịa bụrụ onye edemede okwu maka onye isi NDP Audrey McLaughlin. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na anọ, ọ ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ihe gbasara mba maka nwa amaala Ottawa [1] na onye kacha nta na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ maka ụbọchị Canada ọ bụla.  Ọ bụkwa onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ LGBT ọhụrụ Ottawa Capital Xtra![2] O sonye na ngalaba "Friendly Fire" mgbe niile na TVOntario's Studio 2 site na 1992 ruo 1994, isi na isi megide onye edemede aka nri Michael Coren.  

Manji kwadoro ma mepụta ọtụtụ mmemme ihe omume ọha na telivishọn, gụnyere Q-Files maka Pulse24 na onye nọchiri ya QT: QueerTelevision maka Citytv dabeere na Toronto na njedebe 1990s.[1][2]  Mgbe ọ hapụrụ ihe nkiri ahụ, Manji nyere “nnukwu Q” ihe onyonyo onyonyo n'ọ́bá akwụkwọ mpako dị na Mahadum Western Ontario.

Ọ pụtakwara na netwọkụ telivishọn gburugburu ụwa, gụnyere Al Jazeera, CBC, BBC, MSNBC, C-SPAN, CNN, PBS, Fox News Channel, CBS, na HBO.

Ọ bụkwa prọfesọ nleta na Mahadum New York (NYU) site na 2008 ruo 2015.  Manji sonyeere ụlọ akwụkwọ Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service nke NYU iji mepụta Moral Courage Project, ihe omume iji kụziere ndị na-eto eto otu esi ekwu eziokwu n'ime obodo ha. Ọmụmụ ihe ya lekwasịrị anya n'otú "esi eme mkpebi ndị na-adabere n'ụkpụrụ maka iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ha - ọkachamara na nke onwe ha". N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2013, Manji na Cornel West, prọfesọ na onye na-eme ngagharị iwe, malitere Moral Courage TV (na YouTube). West kwuru banyere ọrụ Manji dị ka "ike dị ike maka ihe ọma".  N'afọ 2015, Manji mepụtara "ọnụnọ West Coast nke Moral Courage" na Annenberg Center on Communication Leadership &amp; Policy nke Mahadum Southern California. 

 Ọrụ 

 Nsogbu na Islam Taa 

Akwụkwọ Manji bụ The Trouble with Islam Today (nke akpọrọ The Trouble With Islam) bụ nke St. Martin's Press bipụtara n'afọ 2004. E wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na Canada n'okpuru aha gara aga na Septemba 2003.  Kemgbe ahụ, a sụgharịrị ya n'ihe karịrị asụsụ 30. Manji nyere nsụgharị Arabic, Persian, na Urdu nke akwụkwọ ahụ maka nbudata n'efu na weebụsaịtị ya. Na The Trouble with Islam Today, Manji na-enyocha nkọwa ọhụrụ nke kor'an nke o kwenyere na ọ dabara adaba maka narị afọ nke 21. Akwụkwọ ahụ enwetala otuto na nlelị site n'aka ndị Alakụba na ndị na-abụghị ndị Alakụga. Ọtụtụ ndị na-enyocha akwụkwọ ahụ akpọwo akwụkwọ ahụ "obi ike"  ma ọ bụ "ogologo oge"  ebe ndị ọzọ kwuru na ọ na-elekwasị anya na ndị Alakụba.

Tarek Fatah, onye Alakụba Canada ibe onye mbụ katọrọ The Trouble With Islam, [1] tụgharịrị n'ọnọdụ ya, na-ekwu na Manji kwuru "ezigbo maka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ụwa Muslim" yana na "enwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbapụta na ncheta ya". 

A machibidoro Nsogbu na Islam Taa n'ọtụtụ mba na Middle East. Kemgbe ọnwa Julaị afọ 2009, a machibidoro akwụkwọ ahụ iwu na Malaysia. 

 Okwukwe Na-enweghị Egwu 
N'afọ 2007, Manji wepụtara ihe ngosi PBS, Faith without Fear . Ọ na-eso njem ya iji mee ka okwukwe na nnwere onwe dịghachi n'otu, na-egosi ihe ize ndụ onwe onye ọ chere ihu dị ka onye na-eme mgbanwe ndị Alakụba. Ọ na-enyocha Islamism na Yemen, Europe na North America, yana akụkọ ihe mere eme nke echiche nkatọ Islam na Spain na ebe ndị ọzọ. A họpụtara Faith Without Fear maka Emmy  ma bụrụ onye ikpeazụ maka National Film Board of Canada's Gemini Award .  [50] Ọ malitere 2008 Muslim Film Festival, nke American Islamic Congress haziri  wee merie ọla edo na New York Television Festival. [50]

 Allah, Nnwere Onwe na Ịhụnanya 

N'afọ 2011, Manji bipụtara Allah, Liberty and Love . N'akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ na-enyocha otú ndị Alakụba nwere ike isi kọwaa kor'an, kwuo okwu n'enweghị ihe mgbochi, ma chee echiche n'onwe ha.Iji kwado ụzọ ya, Manji na-ehota ijtihad, omenala Islam nke echiche siri ike na nkọwa nke ederede na ozizi Islam.[1][2]  Manji na-ekwusi ike na mgbanwe ọ bụla nke uru na-adịgide adịgide nye ndị Alakụba nwere ike isi n'ime pụta na enweghị ike itinye ya site na isi mmalite. 

Manji kwenyere ma kwalite ịdị irè nke Alụmdi na nwunye okpukpe nke ndị Alakụba na ndị na-abụghị ndị Alakụga, ọkachasị nke ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba nye ụmụ nwoke na-abụghị Ndị Alakụba, dabere na echiche nke Khaleel Mohammed nke San Diego State University (SDSU), na San Diego, California.

Dị ka ọ dị n'ihe odide Manji ndị ọzọ, Allah, nnwere onwe na ịhụnanya mepụtara ma nzaghachi dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma.  Rayyan Al Shawaf, onye odee dabeere na Beirut na onye nkatọ akwụkwọ, na-akwa arịrị na Manji lekwasịrị anya n'otú ndị Alakụba na-emesapụ aka nwere ike isi sụgharịa Koran ọ bụghị na otu esi edobe oke iwu iji kwụsị mmetụta nke Qur'an.Ọ na-ekwukwa na Manji na-akwalite ijtihad mgbe ọ na-eleghara anya na "ijtihad bụ mma agha nke na-ebibi ụzọ abụọ ahụ".  Al-Shawaf na-akwa arịrị maka ilekwasị Manji anya "n'otú ndị Alakụba nwere nnwere onwe si kọwaa kor'an dịka ha nwere ike isi setịpụ ókè iwu na mmetụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nke akụ na ụba ya".  Meliklan Kay na nyocha ya maka Newsweek kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka "ịgọ ndị Alakụzụ" ma jupụta "okwu obi ụtọ nke na-eti mkpu" 

Omar Sultan Haque, onye nchọpụta na onye nkuzi na Harvard University Medical School, na-ekwu na ọ bụ ezie na akwụkwọ Manji dị mkpa n'ịkwalite nghọta, ọ "na-emeghị ka ụfọdụ n'ime ajụjụ ndị dị mkpa nke ga-eme ka ọdịnihu [nke nnwere onwe na nke ghere oghe] bụrụ eziokwu. "  Haque na-akọwakarị echiche Manji n'ụzọ "na-akwado". Howard A. Doughty, prọfesọ nke akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Seneca College, gosipụtara nke a site n'ikwu okwu site na nyocha Haque: "Chineke Manji yiri onye ndụmọdụ nduzi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nwere mmetụta ịhụnanya ma dị ike. "

Doughty, n'ịchịkọta ihe ọ chọpụtara banyere ndị na-akatọ Manji na-ekwu na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta (ma e wezụga onwe ya) na-ekwu ete "Manji nwere ike ghara inwe ike ịdọrọ isi ya ma gbanwee echiche ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọ na-eme".  Kama ọ na-enye mgbachitere ụzọ ya ma na-arụ ụka na "ihe ndị nkatọ ya yiri ka ọ na-atụfu bụ na ọ dị mfe nkwurịta okwu, na-ewepụ ya na nkà mmụta sayensị, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke akụ na ụba, bụ kpọmkwem ihe na-enye ya ohere ịtụgharị echiche ya n'omume ndị ọzọ.

Mmalite mba ụwa nke Allah, Nnwere Onwe na Ịhụnanya zutere esemokwu. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2011, ndị Alakụba na-emebiga ihe ókè wakporo akwụkwọ Manji na Amsterdam;  ndị ikom Alakụba iri abụọ na abụọ gbara ọsọ banye n'ebe ahụ ma nwaa ịwakpo ya.  N'oge njem akwụkwọ Manji, ndị uwe ojii belatara okwu ya na Jakarta n'ihi nrụgide sitere n'otu n'ime ndị otu ndị isi nke Indonesia, Islamic Defenders Front. Ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị, ọtụtụ narị ndị ikom sitere na Kansụl Mujahedeen nke Indonesia wakporo ndị otu Manji na ndị na-akwado ya na Yogyakarta. Ọtụtụ mmadụ merụrụ ahụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu onye ga-agwọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ.  N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, gọọmentị Malaysia machibidoro Allah, Liberty na Love. Mana na Septemba 2013, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu dị na Kuala Lumpur wepụrụ mmachibido iwu ahụ. N'afọ gara aga, e jidere Nik Raina Nik Abdul Aziz, nwanyị Malay bụ otu n'ime ndị njikwa nke Borders, maka ire nsụgharị nke akwụkwọ Manji tupu steeti ahụ ekwupụta mmachibido iwu ya.   Mgbe ya na ndị ọchịchị lụchara ọgụ afọ atọ, Ụlọikpe Federal nke Malaysia kpebiri na ọ kwadoro ya ma jụ mbọ gọọmentị gbara ịrịọ arịrịọ.  

 Ekwela ka m kpọọ aha 
N'ihe omume tupu ewepụta akwụkwọ ya kachasị ọhụrụ, Don't Label Me: An Incredible Conversation for Divided Times, Manji bụ onye isi okwu na-ekwu okwu kwa afọ na Day of Discovery, Dialogue & Action nke Mahadum Washington na St. Louis na 19 Febụwarị 2019.  St. Martin's Press bipụtara Don't Label Me na 26 Febụwarị.  Edere akwụkwọ ahụ n'ụdị mkparịta ụka e chepụtara echepụta na Lily, nkịta mbụ nke Manji, onye nwụrụ anwụ ugbu a ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka Onye na-akwado Ekwensu. Dị ka Dana Gee nke Vancouver Sun si kwuo, "Ọ nwere ike iyi ka ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe, mana ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ezie". Manji na-eji mkparịta ụka ahụ akwado ibuli elu karịa tribalism ma soro ndị onye na-agụ ya ekwenyeghị na ha na-ekwu okwu. Na vidiyo nke magazin Time bipụtara na Machị 2019, Manji na-ekwu "Anọ m ebe a iji kwuo na, ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akụziri ndị na-eto eto otu esi eme ihe na-adịghị akpasu iwe, ha kwesịkwara ịkụziri ọgbọ ọhụrụ otu esi eme ka ha ghara ịkpasu iwe. " Onye na-akpa ọchị Chris Rock, onye na-akwado Manji,[1] kwalitekwara akwụkwọ ahụ na Twitter na-akpọ ya " ọgụgụ isi".[2][3]  Na ntụleghachi nke Don't Label Me for Areo Magazine, Samuel Kronen dere na "Manji na-enye nchikota magburu onwe ya nke nkwutọ onwe onye, aghụghọ na obi eziokwu dị egwu ma na-enye nghọta na ụfọdụ nsogbu mmekọrịta ọha na eze na-eche ihu taa. . 

Manji enwetala ọtụtụ egwu ọnwụ n'ihi echiche ya. Mgbe ọ bi na Toronto, o nwere windo nke ụlọ ya na-egbochi mgbọ maka nchekwa. A kọwawo Manji dị ka Onye na-ede akwụkwọ kor'an.

N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Jerusalem Post, na-akọwa echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya, Manji kwuru, "Abụghị m onye nku aka ekpe, abụghị m onye aka nri. Abụ m post-wing "[1]  Ọ katọrọ arụmụka na agha US na-akpali ndị Islam extremism.Manji na mbụ kwadoro agha United States na Iraq na Afghanistan, na ọchịchị George W. Bush na-alụ ọgụ na ụjọ.[1] [2] [3] [4]  Ka ọ na-erule 2006, echiche ya banyere agha dị na Iraq abụrụla nke ukwuu nkatọ maka ọchịchị Bush.[5]  Na Iraq, o kwuru na ya "chere na Ọfịs Oval nwere ozi eburu n'uche mgbe ọ na-eme mkpebi.O kwukwara, "M anọwo na-enyo ọrụ anyị na Afghanistan na mmetụta ya enyo n'ihu ọha. "

Ọ na-arụ ụka na ndị Palestine chere ọrụ abụọ ihu: otu nke Hamas nyere ụmụ nwanyị na ndị LGBT na nke ọzọ nke ndị agha Israel na Palestine niile.

 Ndụ onwe onye 
N'afọ 2016, Manji na onye mmekọ ya, Laura Albano, lụrụ na Hawaii. Ha na nkịta nnapụta ha biri n'ebe ahụ. Di na nwunye ahụ agbaala alụkwaghịm ugbu a.

 Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ 

 Akwụkwọ 

 1997 – Risking Utopia: On the Edge of a New Democracy, (Douglas and McIntyre )
 2003 – The Trouble with Islam Today (St. Martin's Press, )
 2011 – Allah, Liberty and Love: The Courage to Reconcile Faith and Freedom (Atria Books, , )
 2019 – Don't Label Me: An Incredible Conversation for Divided Times (St. Martin's Press, )

 Edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Official website 

 AppearancesnaC-SPAN
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations