Asụsụ Awara

Awara bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Finisterre nke Papua New Guinea . Ọ bụ akụkụ nke agbụ olumba nwere Wantoat, mana na naanị 60-70% lexically yiri ya. Enwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ Awara 1900 bi na mkpọda ndịda nke Finisterre Range, ha bi n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdọ mmiri Leron. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Omenala 
Ndị Awara ji nkwekọ, nkwenye na okpukpe kpọrọ ihe. Ha na-aga chọọchị Sunday ọ bụla, n’oge mgbakọ ndị a, ha na-ekwurịtakwa ụdị nsogbu ọ bụla ndị mmadụ nwere ike inwe ruo mgbe ha chọtara ihe ngwọta. Ụka na ọrụ gọọmentị na-ekewa, mana ha adịghịkwa ekewa n'ihi na ndị nwere ọrụ iduzi na gọọmentị na-enwekarị ọrụ iduzi n'ụka. Na mgbakwunye na "a na-ahazi ọrụ gọọmentị niile (nzukọ, ọrụ ọrụ obodo, wdg) na nnọkọ ụka obodo, a na-atụlekwa okwu gọọmentị mpaghara na nzukọ ụka mpaghara." 

 Alphabet 
Asụsụ Awara nwere mkpụrụedemede iri abụọ na otu (Aa, Ää, Bb, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Ss, Tt, Uu, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz), 3 digraphs (Gw gw, Nw kw, Ngwgraph ).

 fonology 

 Consonants 
Awara consonants can be categorized into labial, coronal, and a dorsal. These are further split into voiced stops, voiceless stops, nasals, and voiced spirants. Many of the consonants in Awara have different sounds (for example voiced lateral /l/ can also be pronounced as [r], and the special character b represents not only a voiced labial stop [b], but also a voiced fricative [v] or a glide [w]).Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.
+Ekwentị consonant Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar nwere aha ya Velar Glottal Nkwụsị ụda b d g w g Nkwụsị enweghị olu p t k w k Fricatives nwere olu b ḡ fricatives enweghị olu s h Ọnụ imi m n ŋ w ŋ Akụkụ akụkụ ụda olu l  Glides y

 Udaume 
Enwere ụdaume 6 na Awara. Udaume /e, i, u/ na-apụtakarị n'ihu consonants /m/ na /l/, mana ha nwere ike ịpụta mgbe ụfọdụ n'azụ ha. A na-ekewa ụdaume ndị ahụ ụzọ atọ: ụdaume ihu (I na e), ụdaume etiti/etiti (A na a), na ụdaume azụ (u na o). Udaume n'ihu na Awara na-adịkarị ala. Enwere allophone ole na ole maka ụdaume na Awara. A na-akpọkarị [m] dị ka [t] na mgbakwunye na [M]. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.
+Ekwentị ụdaume N'ihu N'etiti Azu Elu I ị N'etiti e A o Dị ala a

 Mkpụrụokwu 
Syllables in Awara will generally follow a CVC pattern, this can be split to patterns like V, CV, or VC. The rule is consonants must always be separated by a vowel, the common vowel order of a word in Awara would be V followed by CV which is then followed by VC. So, a word in Awara will follow a pattern like this “VCVCVC.” Different patterns appear at different places. For example, “V syllables can never occur at the end of the word, VC syllables occur word initially and sometimes medially but never at the end, and CVC and CV can occur anywhere in a word.”  Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Nchegbu 
Awara na-eji usoro ụda olu nke a na-ahụkarị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ Papuan. Awara n'onwe ya nwere usoro nrụgide atọ dị iche iche, otu isi na nke abụọ nke abụọ ma ọ bụ usoro ọzọ. Ụkpụrụ bụ́ isi na-emesi mkpuruokwu nke mbụ na nke atọ ike, ebe isi ihe na-elekwasị anya na mgbakasị ahụ na-adaba na nkeji okwu ikpeazụ nke a na-emesi ike. Ọmụmaatụ: /Ayi/ -> a.yi 'nne nne'. N'okwu a, 'yi' na-emesi ike. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Mgbanwegharị 
Na Awara mmụgharị ka a na-etinyekarị na okwu bisyllabic. Okwu matekmatekrn∆ 'obere ihe' bụ naanị wezuga iwu a, ebe ntọala ya bụ trisyllabic, gbasaa site na suffix derivative -n∆ nke na-egosi mmụgharị. Enwere ụdị mmụgharị abụọ na Awara. Nke mbụ na-emegharị mkpụrụokwu dị adị nwere ihe ọ pụtara wee wetulata ngalaba semantic nke okwu ahụ. Ọmụmaatụ nke a bụ halu na haluhalu : halu pụtara 'osimiri', na ụdị oyiri haluhalu pụtara 'aja', ya bụ ihe dị n'akụkụ osimiri. Ụdị mbipụtagharị nke abụọ bụ ntọala ndị n'onwe ha enweghị ihe ọ pụtara. Dịka ọmụmaatụ gak n'onwe ya enweghị ihe ọ pụtara mana gakgak na-ezo aka na ụdị osisi. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Nkpọaha 
Ejikọrọ nnochiaha Awara na ngwaa, n'ihi nke a, a na-agbanwe njedebe ngwaa ahụ iji gosipụta ma omume ahụ gbasara gị onye ọzọ ma ọ bụ karịa otu onye. Ihe atụ nke a ga-abụ ịgbanwe ngwaa maka ịkwa akwa n'ime ọ ga-akwa ya, ngwaa maka ịkwa akwa bụ bup iji gbanwee nke a ga-akwa anyị kwesịrị ịgbakwunye pik mgbe ọ gasịrị. Nke a gbanwere okwu ka ọ bụrụ bupik nke pụtara 'ọ ga-akwa'.
+p,b okwu Ọdịnihu Ngwa ngwa 1s -olulu -pa 2s - pilk 3s -pik -pon
+p,b njedebe ngwaa Ọdịnihu Ngwa ngwa 1s b d 2s b d

 Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ 

 Ngwaa 
Enwere ike kewaa ngwaa Awara ụzọ abụọ, nke na-ewere mkpịrịsị mkpịrịsị na nke na-adịghị. Ọtụtụ ngwaa na-ewe mkpịrịsị inflectional. Naanị ngwaa ndị na-adịghị ewere affixes inflectional bụ adị adị ngwaa käyä 'adị' na wenä 'adịghị adị'.

Wa sade miting-u käyä nzukọ ụbọchị ụka a-TOP dị 'Nke a Sunday e nwere nzukọ.'

Ngwaa dị adị na-eguzo naanị ya dị ka predicate mana enwere ike iji 'be' na ha iji kwado nrụtụ aka ma ọ bụ ngbanwe. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

Moyo yiwit-na, nax-u wenä ti-wik na-enweghị Nnọọ-1P. DSfood=Enweghị oke.adị adị-3s. FUT Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303. 'Ọ bụrụ na anyị emee ihe ọ bụla (ọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na anyị anọghị na-eme ihe ọ bụla) agaghị enwe nri.' 

"Awara nwere ụzọ atọ maka iwepụta ngwaa okwu: nchịkọta okwu okwu, nchịkọta bara uru, na ịmepụta ngwaa sitere na aha site na mgbakwunye nke suffix derivational -la 'aghọ'." Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303. Ngwakọta lexical na-eji ụdị ogige abụọ dị na Awara: ngwaa-ngwaa na ngwaa-ngwaa. Ngwaa-ngwaa na-ezo aka n'ihe eji eme ihe ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ihe ahụ. Ngwaa-ngwaa ogige na-akọwa omume abụọ na-eme. Ụdị nke ikpeazụ na-agụnyekarị ngwaa ä 'take' na ngwaa ngagharị dị ka apu 'bịa' na-esochi ya.

 Ngwaa-ngwaa ngwaa 
Yanggä kalux=u t-äjapu na-m-Ø. mmiri ọhụrụ=TOP SO-take-abịa 1S. O-enye-2S. IMM Weta mmiri oyi (nke dị ọhụrụ) nye m. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Ngwakọta bara uru 
hängä ngäkge-kän gata-ni-mi-ngga-k. ihe nke ukwuu-naanị enyemaka-1P. O-enye-s. DiPF-3. PRES '... ọ na-enyere anyị aka n'ọtụtụ ihe' Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Syntax 

 Usoro Okwu 
Usoro usoro nke okwu Awara bụ SOV. "Enwere ike ịdepụta arụmụka na ihe ndị ọzọ mejupụtara ya na postposition, nke a na-ejikọta ụda olu na okwu bu ụzọ dị ka clitics. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303. Ọmụmaatụ nke a bụ =dä n'ahịrịokwu ọmụmaatụ; ndị ọzọ bụ =ge ma ọ bụ =le . 

Silas=dä Yälämbing=ge wätä wamä-ngä-mi-k. Silas=ABL Yälämbing=DAT sore tie-3s.0-give-3s. PRES 'Saịlas kechie ọnya Yalambing.' Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Ndị nhazi ọkwa 
Usoro nhazi aha aha dị na Awara nwere ihe dị ka nhazi ọkwa iri atọ. "Ọtụtụ ndị nhazi ọkwa na-enye ụfọdụ ihe ngosi nke ọdịdị anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nhazi nke ihe a na-akpọ aha." Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303. Ihe atụ nke classifier bụ täpä, nke a na-ejikọta ya na ihe ndị yiri mkpisi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-ejikọta ihe karịrị otu nhazi na aha iji dokwuo anya ihe ejiri mee ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a ga-ejikọta yangä 'mmiri' na classifier maka ihe ndị yiri eriri, täknga, na-ezo aka na ihe ọṅụṅụ). Ihe nhazi ọkwa na-apụta mgbe niile n'aka nri nke aha na n'aka ekpe nke suffixes. 

 Okwu mgbazinye ego 
Okwu mbinye ego na Awara sitere na Tok Pisin, mana enwerekwa ụfọdụ sitere na bekee . Okwu ndị ọzọ, karịsịa aha na okwu okpukpe, sitere na Yabium. E nwere ụdị okwu mbinye ego atọ: okwu mbinye ego dabara n'ụda ụda olu Awara, okwu mbinye ego na-emebi ụda olu Awara, na okwu mbinye ego na-agbakwunye na ngwa ekwentị Awara. Okwu mbinye ego dabara na-ewepụ nkwụsị olu ha wee gbanwee ha ka ọ bụrụ nkwudo enweghị olu ewepụtaghị (dịka 'chord' sitere na Tok Pisin na-agbanwe na kod na Awara mana a na-asụpe ya ka kot ). Awara na-akpọ [r] ma ọ dịghị na mkpụrụedemede ha, ya mere ụda na-anọchi anya <l> na ederede, dị ka n'ime osikapa, nke a na-akpọ [rais]. Enwere ike ịghọta [r] dị ka allophone nke /l/. Ọtụtụ okwu mbinye ego bụ okwu maka ihe na-adịghị na asụsụ Awara. Enwere ike mata ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a site na nchikota leta ai, dịka ọ dị na pailot 'pilot'. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.</ref>

 Ụdị aha 
Awara nwere aha modal atọ: nangäsä na-ekwupụta ekwe omume, nangän na-ekwupụta ọrụ, na nangge na-ekwupụta ebumnuche. "Ha nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ma arụmụka nke nkebiokwu, dị ka predicate, na dị ka adverbial modifiers. Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303. Aha modal chọrọ nkebiokwu na-enweghị ngwụcha ga-eso ha na enweghị ike ịdị adị na-enweghị ha.

[Akop -nangge ] natä-ke=ngä ako-pit. bia.elu-ebumnobi chọrọ-SS. PF=mgbe bia.up-1s. FUT 'Mgbe m chọrọ ịgbagote, m ga-eme.' Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.

 Negation 
Enwere nkebiokwu atọ a na-eji maka mkparị na Awara. Abụọ ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ do= na = emeghari, nke a na-ahụ tupu ha emegharị ngwaa. ma bụ negator nke atọ, nke a na-eji ihe dị mkpa, onye nke atọ hortatives, ma ọ bụ mmeju nke modal noun = nangän .

.. epuxu-wa do=nu-kin. pụta-1s. DS NEG=1s.o-hit-23p. OGE gara aga 'M wee pụọ ma ha akụghị m ihe.' Quigley, Edward; Qingley, Susan (2011). The phonology and verbal system of Awara : a Papuan language of the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea. Canberra, A.C.T. : Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 1–263. ISBN 9780858836303.</ref>

 Ntụaka 
Ụka na ọrụ gọọmentị na-ekewa, mana ha adịghịkwa ekewa n'ihi na ndị nwere ọrụ iduzi na gọọmentị na-enwekarị ọrụ iduzi n'ụka. Na njedebe ngwaa ahụ iji gosipụta ma omume ahụ gbasara gị onye ọzọ ma ọ bụ karịa otu onye. Ihe atụ nke a ga-abụ ịgbanwe ngwaa maka ịkwa akwa n'ime ọ ga-akwa ya, ngwaa maka ịkwa akwa bụ bup iji gbanwee nke a ga-akwa anyị kwesịrị ịgbakwunye pik mgbe ọ gasịrị. Nke a gbanwere okwu ka ọ

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Alphabet na ịkpọ okwu
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations