Asụsụ Martuthunira

Martuthunira bụ asụsụ Aboriginal Australia ekpochapụla, nke ahụ bụ asụsụ ọdịnala nke ndị Martuthunira nke Western Australia .

Ọkà okwu ikpeazụ nke Martuthunira, Algy Paterson, nwụrụ na 6 Ọgọst 1995. Site na 1980 ya na onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ Alan Dench rụkọrọ ọrụ iji chekwaa Martuthunira n'akwụkwọ, ọ bụkwa site n'ọrụ ha ka ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ọmụma anyị banyere Martuthunira taa si abịa.

 Aha 
Aha Martuthunira, akpọ  site na ndị na-asụ obodo, pụtara "ndị bi na gburugburu Osimiri Fortescue ". O nwere ọtụtụ ụdị mkpoputa, gụnyere: Maratunia, Mardadhunira, Mardathon, Mardathoni, Mardathoonera, Mardatuna, Mardatunera, Mardudhoonera, Mardudhunera, Mardudhunira, Mardudjungara, Marduduna, Mardudunera, Marduthuthanira , Mardudhunira, Martuthinya, na Martuyhunira .

 Nhazi 
Ahaziri Martuthunira dị ka onye otu ngalaba Ngayarta nke asụsụ Pama–Nyungan . N'okpuru nhazi ọkwa Carl Georg von Brandenstein nke 1967, Martuthunira bụ nkewapụtara dị ka asụsụ Ngayarda Coastal, mana nkewa nke asụsụ Ngayarda n'ime otu Coastal na Inland adịghịzi ewere na ọ dị irè.

 fonology 
Martuthunira nwere phonology Australia nke ọma. RMW Dixon na-eji ya dị ka ihe atụ atụ n'akwụkwọ ya 2002 Australian Languages: their nature and development .

 Consonants 
Mpụta Laminal Apical Bilabial Velar Palatal eze Alveolar Retroflex Plosive p k c t̪ t ʈ Ihu imi m ŋ ɲ n̪ n ɳ N'akụkụ ʎ ɟʎ l̪ ~  l ~  ɭ ~ ɖɭ Rhotic  r﻿Semivowel w j
Nkwụsị laminal  nwere ụda olu [ ɟ ] n'etiti ụdaume.

N'etiti ụdaume, eze na-akwụsị  nwere ike ibu [ d̪ ], [ ð ], [ ð̞ ], [ ɻ ], [ j ], [ w ], ma ọ bụ ọbụna nanị nkwụsịtụ okwu. N'okwu ụfọdụ, a na-eji otu nghọta eme ihe mgbe niile, na ndị ọzọ enwere mgbanwe n'efu .

Ihe nkwụsị nke alveolar  nwere ụda olu [ d ] mgbe imi. Ọ na-apụta n'etiti ụdaume naanị n'ime obere okwu ole na ole, ikekwe okwu mgbazinye ego niile, ebe ọ nwere ogologo oge mmechi karịa nkwụsị ndị ọzọ [ tː ] .

Nkwụsị retroflex  nwere allophone akpọpụtara [ ɖ ] mgbe imi, yana allophone [ ɽ ] gbachiri agbaja n'etiti ụdaume.

E wezụga ụda olu a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, nkwụsị na-abụkarị enweghị ụda na enweghị mmasị .

Akụkụ akụkụ ahụ nwere allophone kpọbatara  mgbe ha na-eme na syllable coda .

Alveolar rhotic  bụ mgbata [ ɾ ] n'etiti ụdaume, na trill [ r̥ ] na-enwekarị olu n'ikpeazụ.

Ọkara ụdaume palatal  enwere ike ịdaba na mbụ tupu , mana nha nha nke  tupu mmalite  dị ụkọ.

 Udaume 
 N'ihu Azu Elu iiː uuː Dị ala aaː
 is na-aghọtakarị dị ka [u] n'ime mkpụrụokwu ndị na-akpata nrụgide, yana [ʊ] n'ime mkpụrụokwu na-enweghị mgbakasị ahụ. /u/ na-aga n'ihu ruo ogo dị iche iche mgbe ọ dị nso consonants laminal, ọ bụ ọtụtụfronted [ʉ] when precered by a dental consonant. O nwere allophone na-enweghị okirikiri [ɨ] mgbe /ɻ/ sochiri ya.

 na-abụkarị [ʊː], mana a na-eweda ya na [ɔː] mgbe ọ na-ebute consonant eze tupu ya..

 na-abụkarị [ɐ] mgbe nrụgide, [ə] mgbe enweghị nchekasị. Na-eso consonant laminal, karịa mgbe eze gachara ọzọ palatals, ọ na-eche ihu n'ihu [ɛ]. Mgbe tupu /w/ wee soro ya na consonant velar, a na-achọpụta dị ka [ɒ].

 Ụdị ụda olu 
Okwu Martuthunira niile na-amalite n'otu n'ime consonants ndị a, site n'ọtụtụ ruo na obere oge:  . Nke a na-agụnye naanị mpụta na laminal nkwụsị, imi, na semivowels. Okwu nwere ike kwụsị n'ụdaume, ma ọ bụ otu n'ime  .

 Ụtọ asụsụ 

 Ndozi nkwudo 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Ndozi nkwudo. A = isiokwu nke ngwaa transitive; S = isiokwu nke ngwaa intransitive; O = ihe ngwaa transitive.
N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ Australia, nke na-egosipụta ergativity, Martuthunira na asụsụ Ngayarta ndị ọzọ nwere nkwekọ ebubo . Ya bụ, a na-emeso ndị okwu ngwaa transitive otu ihe ahụ dị ka ngwa ngwa intransitive, ebe a na-emeso ihe ndị ahụ n'ụzọ dị iche.

Okwu nhọpụta Martuthunira enweghị akara ( efu ). Okwu ebubo, nke sitere na suffix nke nwere akara n'oge mbụ, na-ewere ụdị  / na ezigbo nominals ;  na aha nkịtị na-ejedebe na imi (  );  na aha nkịtị na-ejedebe na mpụta ma ọ bụ rhotic (  ); na ịgbatị ụdaume maka aha nkịtị na-ejedebe na ụdaume. Okwu ebubo bụ otu ihe gbasara genitive, ma e wezụga maka aha nkịtị na-ejedebe na ụdaume, ebe suffix genitive bụ  .

 Ikpokọta akpa 
Martuthunira na-egosipụta mkpokọ ikpe, ebe aha na-ewere ọtụtụ suffixes maka nkwekọrịta . Ọmụmaatụ:


  is the object of the verb, and so is in the accusative case.
  gets a proprietive suffix, which indicates that it is possessed by the euro. However, because it modifies , it additionally gets an accusative suffix to agree with it.
  gets a locative suffix, which indicates that it is what the joey is in. It also gets a proprietive suffix to agree with , and then an accusative suffix to agree with .

 Ntụaka 



 Njikọ mpụga 

 Akwụkwọ ntuziaka nke asụsụ Western Australian South nke mpaghara Kimberley - Martuthunira
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations