Asụsụ Abaza

Abaza (abaza быzsva, abaza byzshwa; Adyghe: abázэbэ) bụ Asụsụ Northwest Caucasus nke Ndị Abazins na-asụ na Russia.  Asụsụ ahụ agafeela ọtụtụ orthographies dị iche iche dabere na foto Latin na Cyrillic.  lugime ya na ụkwụume ya dị elu nke ukwuu;  na-eme ka ọ dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ sitere n'otu usoro nne na nna.  Asụsụ ahụ ahụ na ewu ewu [nkọwa dị mkpa] n'etiti na awụ 1800, mana ọ ghọwo bụ n'ihe ize ndụ.. 

Ihe dị ka mmadụ 35,000 na-asụ Abaza na Russia, ebe ikara ya na ike Cyrillic, yana 10,000 ọzọ na Turkey, ebe a na-ejiji Latin.O nwere olumba abụọ, olumba Ashkherewa na olumba T'ap'anta, nke bụ ihe edemede.  Asụsụ ahụ gosiri ise a maara dị ka Psyzh-Krasnovostok, Abazakt, Apsua, Kubin-Elburgan na Kuvin..

Abaza, dị ka ndị ikwu ya n' akara Northwest Caucasian, bụ àgwà na-agbakọta ọnụ nke ukwuu.  Ozi ọ, ngwaa dị na Bekee "Ọ pụghị ime ka ha nyeghachi ya" nwere ike (okwu eji eme ihe na-adọrọ mmasị valence): ya, ha, ya, nye ya.  Abaza na-egosi n'ụzọ ndị, ma tinye anọ niile dị ka prefixes na ngwaa.

Ọ nwere nnukwu nnukwu ndepụtaume (63 phonemes) iye ya na obere ndepụta egwuregwu (mkpụrụ obi abụọ).  Ọ nwere njikọ njikọ chiri anya na Abkhaz, [1] mana ọ na-echekwa ego ole na ole nke Abkhaz na- , dị ka isi olu pharyngeal fricative.  W. S. Allen, Brian O'Herin, na John Colarusso arụwo ọrụ na Abaza.

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 
Ụdị dị iche iche nke omenala mere ka a ghara iji ya mee ihe n'akụkụ Russia, na ka oge na-aga, ọ ga-abụkwa ihe ize ndụ ya. Asụsụ ahụ nwere ike kewaa n'ime asụsụ ise dị iche iche ma nwee ọtụtụ ụzọ ụtọ asụsụ pụrụ iche maka asụsụ. Asụsụ Abaza nọ n'ọkwa ya n'etiti na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu.

Ndị na-asụ Abaza n'akụkụ osimiri Greater na Lesser Laba, Urup, na Greater na obere Zelenchuk sitere na ọtụtụ ndị na-akwaga na narị afọ nke 17 ruo 18 na-anọchite anya ndị na-asụrụ Abaza taa. Ọgwụgwụ nke Great Caucasian War na 1864 nyere Russia ike na nchịkwa nke mpaghara mpaghara ma nye aka na mbelata nke ewu ewu nke asụsụ mpaghara dị tupu agha ahụ.

Asụsụ Abaza abụghị asụsụ edere ede ruo mgbe a nabatara mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Latin na 1932-1933 iji dee ya. E mechara jiri mkpụrụedemede Cyrillic dee asụsụ ahụ na 1938. E bipụtara obere akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ nta, na akwụkwọ akụkọ n'asụsụ Abaza mgbe e mesịrị. 

 Ebe a na-ekesa ya 
A na-asụ asụsụ Abaza na Russia na Turkey. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, a ka na-asụ ya n'ọtụtụ mpaghara na Russia. Ndị a gụnyere Kara-Pago, Kubina, Psyzh, El'burgan, Inzhich-Chukun, Koi-dan, Abaza-Khabl', Malo-Abazinka, Tapanta, Krasnovostochni, Novokuvinski, Starokuvinski. 
+Mkpụrụ okwu nke AbazaAkpụkpọ ahụAlveolarPostalveolarVelarUvularỌrịa akpịrịMkpịsị akaala dị larịị<small id="mwcA">sib.</small>ala dị larịị<small id="mwdQ">pal.</small><small id="mweA">ụlọ nyocha</small>ala dị larịị<small id="mwfQ">pal.</small><small id="mwgA">ụlọ nyocha</small>ala dị larịị<small id="mwhQ">pal.</small><small id="mwiA">ụlọ nyocha</small>ala dị larịị<small id="mwjQ">ụlọ nyocha</small>Ụgbọ imimnPlosive/Africateenweghị oluptt͡st̠͡ʃt͡ɕt̠͡ʃʷkkʲkʷqqʷʔejectivepʼtʼt͡sʼt̠͡ʃʼt͡ɕʼt̠͡ʃʷʼkʼkʲʼkʷʼqʼqʲʼqʷʼkwuru okwubdd͡zd̠͡ʒd͡ʑd̠͡ʒʷɡɡʲɡʷIhe na-esiri ikeenweghị olufɬsʃɕʃʷxxʲxʷħħʷejectivefʼɬʼkwuru okwuvɮzʒʑʒʷɣɣʲɣʷʕʕʷIhe atụljwIhe na-atọ ụtọr
Mkpụrụedemede  nwere ike ịnwe /j/ n'ihu ya. Mkpụrụedemede [e] na [i] bụ allophones nke /a/ na /ə/ (n'otu n'otu) n'ihu ụdaume palatalized, ebe ụdaume [o] na [u] bụ allófon nke /a / na /ə / (n'usoro) n'azụ ụdaume labialized. Mkpụrụedemede [e], [o], [i], na [u] nwekwara ike ịpụta dị ka ụdị dị iche iche nke usoro //, //, // na //.
N'ihuCentralỊlaghachi azụN'akụkụ (i)  (u) N'etiti (e) ə (o) Emeghea
Kemgbe 1938, a na-ede Abaza na mkpụrụedemede Cyrillic egosiri n'okpuru ebe a.
Ma B b Na G g Gv gv /ɡw/Gъ gъ G ути g /ɣw/Gъь gъь /ɣj/Ihe omimi /ɡj/N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ__ibo____ibo____ibo__ SịvD Дж дж Джв джв /d͡ʒw/Jhịa /d͡[[Dz z E ё ё Ж Juv жв /ʒw/Ihe mgbochiZ z Na Y K na Kv /kw/Kъ къ N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ "Kwʼ"Kъь къь /qjʼ/Kь kь /kj/N'ihi ya, a na-akpọ yaSịv /kwʼ/N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi naL Anya nke a na-akpọAkụkụ nke afọ M / m/N n Banyere P Akụkụ nke a bụR Site na T t Nkwupụta Tsh tsh N'ihi ya,N'ime F __ibo__ Ihe a na-akpọ Х х Hv хв /xw/Hъ хъ Ọ na-agbanyụ /qw/Hь хь /xj/__ibo____ibo__ Ihe a na-akpọ "Ara"__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ihe omuma nke aЦ ц Nkọwa Ч ч Чв чв /t͡ʃw/A na-agụ Ihe a na-agụ /t͡ʃwʼ/Ш Ụgbọ mmiri /ʃw/Sọn Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы E E Yu Mụ onwe m 
Digraphs bụ dialectal, ya mere ha adịghị n'asụsụ edemede na mkpụrụedemede gọọmentị.

 Ihe odide ihe atụ 
Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ CyrillicRomanizationAlakva abaga džvıkvıran, ydırcun. Abaga g°apsan, apsıp gyazank"vnamgahazuazt°. Alakva Sinabar, užb Tibırg abaga yamc°asyašt°ī - uh°vauata yah'ıdzun. Ari abaga gvı anatın, zınla adg'ıl tšıdnaršvılt°. Švabıžta yımg°vaysuaz alakva gvı arımtuata abaga yah"ık"yat°. Ara"a abaga h°aylya č°k°vın tlanık"vala ypan, ah°vra naılaśt°. Ari apšta, abaga yubuztın, yg°auh...
H°ara h°kolhoz yızlanhaua tšı śarda emap°. Auat tšı brul'k° rılap°. N'ihi ya, a na-akpọ ya "Apu". Akolhoznik Adamey a Brul' ac°ayh°van, mıš° gara abnz dalacag°.

 Ndị ọkà okwu a ma ama 
Sultan Laguchev, onye na-agụ egwú na onye na-ede egwú a ma ama na Russia, na-ede ma na-eme egwu n'asụsụ Abaza, gụnyere "Абыгъь гīважьква" na "БаъапI бара". O dere abụ ọzọ n'asụsụ Russian nke akpọrọ "Мы абазины" ('Anyị bụ Abazins') banyere Abazinia. 

 Ihe odide 

 Gọnk A. N. Asụsụ Abaz. Akụkọ ederede nke asụsụ Tapanta. Moscow-Lenigrad: АН USSR, 1955.  (n'asụsụ Russian) 
 Lomatiz K. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ Tatpan nke asụsụ Abkhaz (nke nwere ederede). Tbilisi: Editorial nke Academy of Sciences nke Georgia, 1944.  (n'asụsụ Russian) 
 Lomatiz K. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ Ashha na ọnọdụ ya n'etiti asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Abkhaz-Abaz. Ya na ihe odide. Tbilisi: Editorial nke Academy of Sciences nke Georgia, 1954.  (n'asụsụ Russian) 
 Malbaхова-Tабулова N. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ Abaz. Fonetics na morphology. Cherkess, 1976.  (n'asụsụ Russian) 
 Chirikba B. A. Asụsụ Abaz. N'ime: Asụsụ nke Russian Federation na Mba Ndị Obere. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme. N'ime mpịakọta atọ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1. A-I. Moscow: Sayensị, 1998, p. 1–8.  (n'asụsụ Russian) 
 Allen, W.S. Ọdịdị na usoro na Abaza okwu mgbagwoju anya. Na: Transactions of the Philological Society (Hertford), Oxford, 1956, peeji nke 127-176. 
 Bouda K. Das Abasinische, eine unbekannte abchasische Mundart. Na: ZDMG, BD. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  (n'asụsụ German) 
 O"Herin, B. Ikpe na nkwekọrịta na Abaza. Summer Institute of Linguistics, Septemba 2002.
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations