Gwen Lister

Gwen Lister (amụrụ 5 Disemba 1953 na East London, South Africa) bụ onye nta akụkọ Namibia, onye mbipụta akwụkwọ, mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na onye na-akwado nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi.

 Oge ọ malitere 
N'ịbụ onye tolitere n'okpuru usoro ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, Lister kpebiri ịlụso ya ọgụ dị ka onye toro eto, ma kwubie na South West Africa ga-abụ ebe dị irè karị ime ya karịa South Africa.Jessica Baumann (2012). . International Women's Media Foundation. Archived from  on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2012. Ọ gara Mahadum Cape Town na 1975, na-enweta akara ugo mmụta bachelor. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ gara rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ na Windhoek Advertiser nke Namibia dị ka onye na-ede akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. O mechara hapụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ mgbe ndị editọ ya tinyere aka na akụkọ ya.

 Akwụkwọ akụkọ onwe onye 
Ya na onye nta akụkọ ibe ya Hannes Smith malitere Windhoek Observer nke onwe ya kwa izu na 1978. Dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Lister chọrọ inye SWAPO, nnwere onwe nnwere onwe nke Namibia, "ihu mmadụ", na-egosi ndị mmadụ, gụnyere ndị ọcha, na ha abụghị 'ndị na-eyi ọha egwu' na 'ndị Kọmunist' na 'ihe iyi egwu' nke ndị ọchịchị na-achị mere ka ha pụọ ​​​​na blanketị.  Ọ katọkwara omume ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa na Namibia, kpasuru gọọmentị iwe.  A machibidoro onye na-ekiri ihe na May 1984 ka Lister gachara Zambia ịkọ akụkọ gbasara nnwere onwe Namibia.  Agbanyeghi na ewepụrụ mmachibido iwu ahụ mgbe ọ gbasịrị akwụkwọ mkpesa na Pretoria's Publications Appeal Board, ndị ọrụ Observer wedara ya maka iweta ya, kpalite arụkwaghịm Lister na ọpụpụ nke ndị ọrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ.

Mgbe ọ gbasịrị arụkwaghịm, Lister rụrụ ọrụ onye nweere onwe ya maka BBC News na South Africa Capital Radio 604. Na Disemba 1984, Lister kpughere otu akwụkwọ nyere ikike ka ndị ọchịchị South Africa kwụsị akwụkwọ ozi ya, mere ka e jide ya ma kpọchie ya otu izu n'okpuru Iwu nzuzo nzuzo.. Ụlọ ọrụ International Press Institute (IPI) nke dị na Austria kọwara njide ahụ dị ka "mgbalị doro anya iji gbochie ya ịmepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ọhụrụ". Ndị uwe ojii weghaara paspọtụ ya ma chọọ ka ọ kọọ akụkọ ugboro atọ n'izu."Gwen Lister, Namibia". International Press Institute. Archived from the original on 2 May 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2012.

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1985, Lister malitere akwụkwọ akụkọ ọhụrụ, The Namibian. Akụkọ ya banyere mmegbu nke ndị agha South Africa mere ka iwe ọhụrụ sitere n'aka gọọmentị na mkpọsa mgbasa ozi nke ndị ahịa ọcha. N'afọ 1987, ndị ọchịchị South Africa machibidoro akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ibipụta foto nke ozu onye nnupụisi e kegidere ya na ụgbọ agha; Lister mara mmachibido iwu ahụ aka n'ụlọ ikpe.

N'afọ 1991, otu onye na-anata ego maka Civil Cooperation Bureau - gọọmentị South Africa meriri squad - onye e jidere maka igbu ọchụ nke onye na-akwado SWAPO Anton Lubowski kwuru na e zigakwara ya na Namibia iji nye Lister nsị.. A gbagburu ụlọ ọrụ Namibia ma tụba ya n'anya mmiri, n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1988, otu ndị Afrikaner a na-akpọ White Wolves gbara ya ọkụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, e jidere ya ọtụtụ ụbọchị n'ebughị ya ebubo mgbe o bipụtara akwụkwọ gọọmentị na-atụ aro ikike ndị uwe ojii ọhụrụ na Namibia; ọ dị ime ọnwa anọ n'oge ahụ.

N'otu afọ ahụ, Lister chịkọtara ogbako UNESCO na Free, Independent and Pluralistic African Media, nke nwere nkwupụta Windhoek dịka otu n'ime nsonaazụ ya.. Ọ bụ onye guzobere International Consortium of International Journalists (ICIJ) ma na-eduzi Namibia Media Trust (NMT) nke nwere The Namibian ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịkwalite nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi, nnwere onwe ikwu okwu na ọzụzụ ndị nta akụkọ. "Gwen Lister". UNESCO. 6 June 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2023. Dị ka onye otu Action Namibia, NMT na-akwalite ọchịchị ATI na mba ahụ. N'oge a, Lister sokwa guzobe Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), na-eje ozi otu oge dị ka onyeisi oche ya.

Na Machị 2011, mgbe afọ 26 gasịrị dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ Namibia, Tangeni Amupadhi nọchiri Lister.

 Onyinye na mmata 
Lister ritere ọtụtụ onyinye mgbasa ozi mba ụwa maka ọrụ ya.  N'afọ 1992, ọ natara onyinye International Press Freedom Award site na Kọmitii US na-echebe ndị nta akụkọ, na-amata ndị nta akụkọ "ndị ji obi ike nye akụkọ onwe ha na echiche n'okpuru ọnọdụ siri ike". Mahadum Harvard nyere ya Nieman Fellowship maka ndị nta akụkọ n'etiti ọrụ na 1996.[1]  Na 1997, e nyere ya MISA Press Freedom Award.  Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Southern Africa nyere Lister maka inwe "ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị otu onye jigidere ikike nke nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi na Namibia..

N'afọ 2000, IPI kpọrọ ya aha otu n'ime ndị dike 50 World Press Freedom Heroes nke afọ iri ise gara aga.[1]  N'afọ 2004 ọ natara nturu ugo obi ike na nta akụkọ sitere na International Women's Media Foundation . 

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Lister bipụtara akụkọ ndụ ya Comrade Editor: On life, journalism and the birth of Namibia in 2021.  Lister lụrụ di ugboro abụọ, Johnny 'JJ' Snyman na 1979, onye ya na ya mụrụ nwa ya nwoke Shane (amụrụ n'afọ 1980), na Mark Verbaan na 1988,  onye ya na nwa ya nwanyị Liberty (amụrụ na 1988). [15][16] Ọ gbara di ya nke abụọ alụkwaghịm n'afọ 2000 wee malite mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na onye na-ese ihe Jo Rogge.[17]

Ọ bụ onye na-akwado skwọsh egwuregwu kemgbe ọ dị afọ 49, a na-akpọkwa ya onye nlekọta nke Namibia Squash Association. . 

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