Asụsụ Kam-Sui

Asụsụ Kam-Sui ( Chinese    ) bụ ngalaba nke asụsụ Kra–Dai nke ndị Kam–Sui na-asụ. A na-asụkarị ha na ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou, ọdịda anyanwụ Hunan na ugwu Guangxi na ndịda China . A na-ahụkwa obere akpa ndị na-ekwu okwu Kam-Sui na ugwu Vietnam na Laos . 

 Nhazi 
Alaka Kam–Sui gụnyere ihe dị ka asụsụ iri na abụọ. Solnit (1988)  na-ewere asụsụ Lakkia na Biao dị ka ngalaba nwanne nwanyị nke Kam–Sui, karịa akụkụ nke Kam–Sui n'onwe ya.

Asụsụ Kam-Sui kacha mara amara bụ Dong (Kam), nwere ihe karịrị otu nde ndị na-asụ Mulam, Maonan, na Sui . Asụsụ Kam–Sui ndị ọzọ gụnyere Ai-Cham, Mak, na T`en, na Chadong, nke bụ asụsụ Kam–Sui a chọtara na nso nso a. Yang (2000) lere Ai-Cham na Mak bụrụ olumba nke otu asụsụ. 

 Thurgood (1988) 
Graham Thurgood (1988) na-ewepụta nhazi ọkwa oge a maka ngalaba Kam–Sui.  Chadong, asụsụ nke onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ China Jinfang Li kọwara na nso nso a, gụnyekwara n'okpuru ebe a. Ya na Maonan nwere njikọ chiri anya.  Cao Miao na Naxi Yao, bụ ndị nwere njikọ chiri anya na Southern Dong, agbakwunyerekwa na Shi (2015). Shi, Lin 石林 (2015). Xiāng-Qián-Guì biānqū de sān gè zúqún fāngyán dǎo 湘黔桂边区的三个族群方言岛 [Three Language Varieties of the Hunan-Guizhou-Guangxi Border Region] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. ISBN 978-7-5161-6494-5.
Category:CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)
Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)

 Ọnụọgụ igwe mmadụ 
Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị niile na-asụ asụsụ Kam-Sui sitere na Qiandongnan (Dong) na Qiannan (Sui, Mgbe ahụ, Mak, Ai-Cham) Prefectures nke Guizhou, yana obodo ọkwa ọkwa Hechi (Mulam na Maonan) na Guilin (Chadong) na ugwu Guangxi . Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Kam-Sui akwagalakwa n'ime ime obodo dịka Guangzhou .

Obere ìgwè ndị na-asụ Kam na Sui bikwa na Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam, n'ime ime obodo Đồng Mộc na Hồng Quang, n'otu n'otu.

 Site n'asụsụ 

 Mulam佬 – Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County罗城仫佬族自治县, Hechi, north Guangxi ; Mpaghara Qiandongnan, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou
 Dong侗 – Mpaghara Qiandongnan, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou
 Mgbe ahụ佯僙/佯爷 – Pingtang County平塘县, Qiannan Prefecture, south Guizhou
 Maonan毛南 – Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County环江毛南族自治县, Hechi, Northern Guangxi
 Chadong茶洞 – Obodo Chadong, Mpaghara Lingui临桂县, Guilin, ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Guangxi
 Sui水 – Sandu Shui Autonomous County黔南布依族苗族自治州, Qiannan Prefecture, south Guizhou
 Mak (Mojia) 莫 – Libo County荔波县, Qiannan Prefecture, south Guizhou
 Ai-Cham锦 – Libo County荔波县, Qiannan Prefecture, south Guizhou

 Site na ọnọdụ 
( Edepụtara ya na elekere elekere: ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ugwu ruo ọdịda anyanwụ ruo ndịda )

 Guizhou
 Qiandongnan - Dong ; 1,500,000 ọkà okwu
 Qiannan
 Mpaghara Sandu - Sui ; 300,000 ọkà okwu
 Mpaghara Pingtang - Mgbe ahụ ; 15,000 ọkà okwu
 Ógbè Libo – Mak na Ai-Cham ; 10,000 na 2,700 ọkà okwu
 Guangxi
 Hechi
 Mpaghara Luocheng – Mulam ; 86,000 ọkà okwu
 Mpaghara Huanjiang - Maonan ; 30,000 ọkà okwu
 Guilin ( Ógbè Lingui ) - Chadong ; 20,000 ọkà okwu

 Site na onu ogugu 
Enwere mkpokọta ihe dịka nde abụọ Kam-Sui na-asụ asụsụ.

Ndị agbụrụ Kam-Sui anọ kachasị ukwuu, Dong, Shui, Mulao, na Maonan, bụ ndị gọọmentị China nabatara nke ọma. Ndị agbụrụ Kam-Sui na-anabataghị (Chadong, Mgbe ahụ, Mak, Ai-Cham) ndị ka nwere ike ịsụ asụsụ nke ha erughị 50,000.

 Dong : banyere 1,500,000 ọkà okwu; 1.7 nde na 1995
 Sui : 300,000 ọkà okwu
 Mulam : 86,000 ndị na-ekwu okwu (ndị agbụrụ: 200,000)
 Maonan : 30,000 ndị na-ekwu okwu (ndị agbụrụ: 100,000)
 Chadong : 20,000 ọkà okwu
 Mgbe ahụ : 15,000 ọkà okwu
 Mak : 10,000 ọkà okwu
 Ai-Cham : 2,700 ọkà okwu

 Asụsụ ndị ọzọ 
Ụdị asụsụ ndị a nwere njikọ chiri anya na, ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke Southern Dong .

 Mjuniang 谬娘or Cao Miao草苗(ISO 639-3: cov ): 60,000 (1991) na Liping, Tongdao, na Sanjiang; njikọ chiri anya na Dong.   A na-ekewa ndị na-ekwu okwu dị ka agbụrụ Miao.
 Naxi Yao那溪瑶(autonym: mu2 ɲiu1 ) bụ ndị mmadụ 2,500 na-asụ na Naxi Township 那溪瑶族乡, Dongkou County, Hunan Province, China. 
 Diao 调(刁人): 2,000 (1999) na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou gburugburu Liping na Congjiang; nwere ike ịsụ Chinese ma ọ bụ Dong.  A na-ekewa ndị na-ekwu okwu dị ka agbụrụ Dong. Diao ( tjau13 ) bụ otu obere Cao Miao dịka Shi (2015:43). 

Ndị mmadụ ndị a nwekwara ike ịsụ asụsụ Kam-Sui. 

 Xialusi 下路司: 3,000 (1999) na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou; Nkewa dị ka Dong, mana amabeghị njikọ asụsụ ha (ikekwe Kam-Sui).  A na-ekewa ndị na-ekwu okwu dị ka agbụrụ Dong.
 Shui nke Yunnan : 6,800 (1990) na Huangnihe 黃泥河 na Gugan 古敢水族乡,  Fuyuan County, Yunnan; 490 (1990) na Dahe na Long'an nke Yiliang County .  Na Gugan, e nwere ụyọkọ obodo a maara dị ka "obodo Shui ise" 水五寨,  nke gụnyere Buzhang 补掌,  Dongla 咚喇,  Reshui 热水,  大寨 na Duzhang.  A ka na-asụ ya na Obodo Xinbao 新堡村, Laochang Township 老厂乡, Fuyuan County, Yunnan.   Nakwa na Dacunzi 大村子, Geyi Township 格宜镇, Xuanwei City.   Agbanyeghị, ndị a bụ asụsụ Northern Tai niile ( Bouyei ) dịka Hsiu (2013) siri kwuo. 

Enwekwara ụfọdụ asụsụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou, ugwu Guangxi, na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Hunan nke asụsụ Kam–Sui metụtaworo, dị ka Suantang 酸汤 na Tongdao Pinghua, nkuzi Pinghua a na-asụ na Tongdao Dong Autonomous County, Hunan .  Asụsụ Kam–Sui na Suantang 酸汤 na-akpakọrịtakwa, asụsụ Sinitic nke ihe dị ka 80,000 agbụrụ Miao na-asụ na Baibu 白布 na Baibu 白布, Dihu 地湖, Dabaozi 大堡子, na Sanqiao 三锹 na Tianzhu, na J Huito 2013:35).  Suantang yiri New Xiang (新湘语), mana Southwwest Mandarin enweghị nghọta.

 Nrụgharị 
Asụsụ Proto-Kam–Sui bụ nna ochie arụgharịrị nke asụsụ Kam–Sui.

 Hụkwa 

 Ndepụta nkọwa asụsụ Hunan Kam-Sui (Wiktionary)

 Ntụaka 
sitere na Qiandongnan (Dong) na Qiannan (Sui, Mgbe ahụ, Mak, Ai-Cham) Prefectures nke Guizhou, yana obodo ọkwa ọkwa Hechi (Mulam na Maonan) na Guilin (Chadong
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations