Mahasweta Devi

Mahasweta Devi (14 January 1926 - 28 Julaị 2016) [1][2] bụ onye edemede India na Bengali na onye na-eme ihe ike.  Akwụkwọ edemede ya ma ama hajar Churashir Maa, Rudali, na Aranyer Adhikar .  [3] Ọ bụ onye aka ekpe nke na-arụ ọrụ maka ikike na ike nke ndị agha (Lodha na Shabar) nke West Bengal, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh na Chhattisgarh steeti nke India.[4]  A na iche-ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị iche dị ka Sahitya Akademi Award (n'asụsụ Bengali), Jnanpith Award na Ramon Magsaysay Award ndị na-egosi ndị nke India Padma Shri na Padma Vibhushan.

 Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ 
Egwuregwu Mahasweta Devi n' Game Brahmin [1] na 14 Jenụwarị 1926 na Dacca, British India (nke bụzi Dhaka, Bangladesh).  Nna ya, Manish Ghatak, bụ onye na-ede uri na onye na-edekọ akwụkwọ nke òtù Kallol, onye jiri aha Jubanashwa (Bengali: যুbonaশ্ব).  [2][3] Nwanne Ghatak bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Ritwik Ghatak .  [4] Nne Devi, Dharitri Devi, bụkwa onye edemede na onye ọrụ ọha na eze nke ike ya onye na-ese ihe Sankha Chaudhury na onye-onye nchịkọta nke Economic and Political Weekly of India, Sachin Chaudhuryan.

Agụm akwụkwọ mbụ Devi bụ na Dhaka, [1] Eden Montessori School (1930).  Mgbe nke ahụ bụ, ọ kwagara West Bengal (nke dị ugbu a na India).  [1] Mgbe ahụ ahụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mission Girls' High School, Midnapore (1935).  Mgbe nke ahụ eze, nabatara ya na Santiniketan (1936 ruo 1938).  Mgbe nke ahụ, ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Beltala Girls' School (1939-1941) ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  Mgbe ahụ na 1944 ọ ọchịchị I.A.  saịtị na Asutosh College.  Ọ gara Mahadum Visva-Bharati nke Rabindranath Tagore ete wee gụchaa B.A.  (Hons) na Bekee, wee gụchaa M.A. na Bekee na Mahadum Calcutta.  [10][11]

 Akwụkwọ edemede 
N'afọ 1964, ọ ahụmahụ ị [1] na Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College (otu nke Mahadum Calcutta).  N'oge ahụ, Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College bụ ụlọ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ.  N'oge ahụ, ọ rụkwara ọrụ - dị ka onye nta ndị [1] na dị ka onye edemede na-ahụ ihe.  Ɔ eegay Lodhas na Shabars, obodo ịrị nke West Bengal, ụmụ na ndị Dalits.  N'ime ndị ifo Bengali ya, ọ na-ama ike mmegbu obi , na-emegbu ndị , na ndị a na-na-imetụ aka site n'aka ndị nwe ala dị elu, ndị na-agbazinye ego, na ndị ọrụ.[10]  O dere isi iyi nke mkpali ya:

Mahasweta Devi welitere olu ya ọtụtụ ugboro ugboro ikpe na-ata na India.   [1] akwụkwọ ndị Devi dere n'afọ 1977 bụ Aranyer Adhikar (Right to the Forest) bụ maka ndụ Birsa Munda.[1]   Na June 2016, n'ihi ọrụ Devi, ndị Jharkhand Steeti mechara hụ aka ndị ahụ n'ihe oyiyi nke Munda, nke bụ nke ihe nke onye ndú nke a ma ama n'ihi na ọ na foto sitere n'oge Britain..

Devi butere ụzọ dị iwu ụlọ ọrụ nke otu Communist Party of India (Marxist) nke West Bengal.  N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ katọrọ n'ụzọ siri ike mmeri nke ndị ọrụ ugbo nke nnukwu ala ugbo na-eme nri site n'aka nke nyere ya ụlọ ọrụ ihe na-eme a tụfuru atụfu.  Ọ pụtara Mamata Banarjee na ọhụrụ aka 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly nke dugara na njedebe nke afọ 34 nke CPI (M).  [1].  Ọ bụ onye ndú ya na ọgba aghara Nandigram mere ka ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa na-aghọ nko, ndị na-ese ihe, ndị edemede na ndị ọrụ ihe nkiri sonye na ụta maka iwu iwu na mmechi ya na Singur na Nandigram.

A maara ya na akwụkwọ onye edemede a ma ama Manoranjan Bypari aka asụsụ onye ama ama ka e edi ihe odide mbụ ya na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya nakwa dị ka akwụkwọ ya.

Na Frankfurt Book Fair 2006, mgbe India bụ mba mbụ ịbụ mba ndị ọbịa nke oge nke abụọ nke Fair, o kwuru okwu mmeghe na-akpali akpali ebe ọ ndọrọ ndị na-ege ntĩ ka ha bee ákwá na ahịrị ya nke e si na egwu ihe nkiri a ma ama "Mera Joota Hai Japan" nke Raj Kapoor.[17]

N'afọ 1997, onye isi ala Shankar Dayal Sharma ikpe ikpe abụọ mgbe Devi duziri akwụkwọ.  [1] N'afọ 2012, ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ụmụaka 215 bịanyere aka, ya na Nandita Das, Aamir Bashir, na Anusha Rizvi, na mere e nyere onye isi ala Pranab Mukherjee nke umure-eme ihe mgbe a mara Ajmal Kasab ikpe mgbe Mumbai nke afọ 2008  ma kama ọ pụtara ndụ niile.  [2] akwụkwọ ozi ahụ kwuru, "N'ala Buddha, Mahavira na Gandhiji, ka a ghara ikwu na ọ dịghị ebe ọ lla n'ime obi anyị maka ebere.".

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Na 27 Febụwarị 1947, ọ akụkọ onye edemede egwuregwu a ma ama Bijon Bhattacharya, onye bụ otu n'ime ndị òtù òtù Indian People's Theater Association.[1]  N'afọ 1948, ọ njikọ Nabarun Bhattacharya, onye edemede onye edemede na onye nkatọ ụdị ụdị.[2]  Ọ bụ ọrụ na post ekere mana a chụrụ ya n'anya maka ụdị Kọmunist.[11]  Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, dị ka ire ncha na ide akwụkwọ ozi n'asụsụ Bekee maka ndị na-egosi akwụkwọ.  N'afọ 1962, ọ ngosi onye edemede Asit Gupta mgbe ọ gbara Bhattacharya ihe.[11]  N'afọ 1976, ọdịda ya na Gupta akpụkpọ.

 Ọnwụ 
N'abụ iri abụọ na atọ n'afọ Julaị n'afọ 2016, Devi nwere nnukwu nkụchi obi ma nabata ya na Belle Vue Clinic, Kolkata.  Devi ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa ọtụtụ akara ahụ na 28 Julaị 2016, mgbe ọ dị afọ 90.[1]  Ọ na-arahụ shuga, sepsis na mpaghara.

MGBE NA-EGO, MAMA BANKEA, Onye isi Minista West Bengal Tweet eimed "mahashweta devin ji pịa ỊN'Tụgharịa ozi gị. OLU NHA NHA4: Ọ bụ na ị ga-aga, ọ bụrụ na ị ga-eji. "

 Onyinye na mmata 

 1979: Sahitya Akademi Award (Bengali): - Aranyer Adhikar (akwụkwọ akụkọ) 
 Padma Shri Awards (1980-1989)">1986: Padma Shri maka Ọrụ Ọha 
 1996: Jnanpith Award - ihe nrite kachasị elu site na Bharatiya Jnanpith
 1997: Ramon Magsay Award - Journalism, Literature, and the Creative Communication Arts maka "mgbalị ọmịiko site na nka na ime ihe iji kwuo maka ndị agbụrụ ebe ziri ezi na nke a na-asọpụrụ na ndụ mba India"[25]
 2003: Onye isi nke Ordre des Arts et des Lettres 
 2006: Padma Vibhushan - ihe nrite nke abụọ kachasị elu site na Gọọmentị India 
 2007: SAARC Literary Award 
 2009: E depụtara ya maka Man Booker International Prize 
 2010: Yashwantrao Chavan National Award 
 2011: Banga Bibhushan - ihe nrite kachasị elu nke ndị nkịtị site na Gọọmentị nke West Bengal 
 2012: A họpụtara ya maka onyinye Nobel maka edemedeIhe nrite Nobel maka edemede
 2014: Mamoni Raisom Goswami National Award for Literature nke Asam Sahitya Sabha guzobere ma Numaligarh Refinery Ltd., Assam kwadoro 
 Na 14 Jenụwarị 2018, Google sọpụrụ Mahasweta Devi na ncheta ọmụmụ ya nke afọ 92, na-eme emume ọrụ ya site n'ịmepụta doodle na ya.

Ọrụ ndị isi Devi gụnyere: [32]

 Jhansi Rani (1956, akụkọ ndụ) 
 Eze Nwanyị nke Jhansi, nke Mahasweta Devi (nke Sagaree na Mandira Sengupta sụgharịrị). Akwụkwọ a bụ nrụzigharị nke ndụ Rani Lakshmi Bai site na nyocha sara mbara nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme (nke G. C. Tambe, nwa nwa nke Queen, chịkọtara) na akụkọ ọdịnala, uri na ọdịnala ọnụ; e bipụtara nke mbụ na Bengali na 1956; nsụgharị Bekee nke Seagull Books, Calcutta, 2000,   
 Mastar Saab nke a makwaara dị ka Massaheb (Onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ), nke dabeere na mgbanwe agha nke ndị Kọmunist na Bihar maka mgbanwe ala. A na-ekwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ a dabeere na ndụ onye ndú naxal Jagdish Mahto, onye ghọrọ onye a ma ama na Bhojpur maka enyemaka ya na ọgụ agha nke ndị ogbenye megide ndị nwe ala.
 Hajar Churashir Maa (1974, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Nne nke 1084) 
 Aranyer Adhikar (1979, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Right to the Forest) 
 Agnigarbha (1978, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi) 
 Murti (1979, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi) 
 Neerete Megh (1979, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi) 
 Stanyadayani (1980, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi) 
 Chotti Munda Ebong Tar Tir (1980, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Chotti Monda na Akụ́ Ya) 

 Ihe nkiri 

 Sunghursh (1968), ihe nkiri Hindi nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Layli Asmaner Ayna 
 Rudaali (1993) 
 Bayen (Hindi) (1993) ihe nkiri dabeere na Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Gul Bahar singh duziri
 Hazaar Chaurasi Ki Maa (1998) 
 Maati Maay (2006), ihe nkiri Marathi nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi BAayen 
 Gangor (2010), ihe nkiri Italian nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Choli Ke Peeche 
 <i id="mwAfU">Ulas</i> (ihe nkiri Bengali nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi atọ - Daur, Mahadu Ekti Rupkatha na Anna Aranya) nke Ishwar Chakraborty duziri, wepụtara na 2012.

 N'omenala a ma ama 
Mahananda, ihe nkiri Bengali nke dabeere na ndụ ya na ọrụ ya, nke onye nduzi a ma ama bụ Arindam Sil duziri na 2022. Gargi Roychowdhury dere ọrụ a na fim ahụ.

 Hụkwa 

 List of Indian writers


 Ihe odide 





 Njikọ mpụga 

 Works by or about Mahasweta DevinaEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet

 Mahasweta Devi: Onyeàmà, Onye Ọkaiwu, Onye edemede - Ihe nkiri banyere Mahasweta Devi nke Shashwati Talukdar
 Ajụjụ ọnụ Rediff/Mahasweta Devi