Asụsụ Batak Karo

Karo, nke a na-akpọ Bahasa Karo (asụsụ Karo), bụ Asụsụ Austronesian nke Indonesia)" id="mwDQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Ndị Karo nke Indonesia na-asụ. Ihe dị ka mmadụ 600,000 na-eji ya eme ihe na North Sumatra, na ndị na-asụ asụsụ na North Sumatra.  ugwu ugwu nke Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia E dere ya n'iche ihe mere eme site na iji Batak nke sitere na edemede Brahmi nke India oge ochie site na edemede Pallava na Old Kawi, mana n'oge a, ọ bụ obere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Karo nwere ike ide ma ọ bụ edemede ahụ, kama a na-eji edemede Latin..

 Nchịkọta 
Karo bụ Northern Batak, ma nwee ike njikọ chiri anya na Pakpak na Alas.[1]  A adịghị ya site na ahia Southern Batak, dị ka Toba, Angkola na Mandailing.

 Asụsụ 
E nwere ọtụtụ olumba n'ime Karo.  Nnukwu ike dị n'etiti olumba ndị a na-asụrụ n'ebe egwuregwu na olumba ndị na-asụrụ n'ebe ọmụmụ.[1]  A na-ekewa ihe ndị a n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dabere na nke phonological na lexical.  A na-asụ asụsụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ọmụmụ ma na-ebute ya n'ihu n'asụsụ asụsụ.  N'otu aka ahụ, a na-ahụ diphthongs n'asụsụ ọmụmụ dị ka monophthongs na-egosi ike ọmụmụ..
Akpụkpọ ahụAlveo ezé<br id="mwgw">PalatalVelarMkpịsị akaỤgbọ imimn__ibo__ N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ⟨ng⟩Plosivevoicelessptckvoicedbd__ibo____ibo__ Nkọwa⟨j⟩ɡIhe na-esiri ikeshN'akụkụlNa-eme mkpọtụrỌkara ụdaolu__ibo__ N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị⟨y⟩w

 Ọdịdị 
Batak Karo nwere reduplication na-ewu ihe.  Reduplication zuru oke na-emekarị na klas okwu mepere emepe ma ọtụtụ ọrụ dị iche iche.  nkọwa, reduplication nke aha nwere ike ịpụta ọtụtụ (tulan 'ọkpụkpụ' → tulan-tulan 'ịkpụ') na i ike na myirịta (berku 'oghere akị bekee' → gre-berku 'okpu').  Reduplication nke ngwaa nwere ike ugboro ugboro ugboro (nungkun 'na- egwu' → nungkun-nungkun 'nọgide na-foot')), oge (ngukiri 'iche echiche' → ngukur-ngukuri 'na-eche echiche') ma ọ bụ i okwu (medem 'na-ehi Ụra' → medem-medem 'nọdụ ala, zuru ike"). 

Batak Karo nwere ikike dị n'etiti olu onye na-eme ihe nkiri na olu onye nwere ndidi maka ngwaa na-agafe agafe ma ọrụ ike ya dị ka Asụsụ Indonesian.  A na-eji akara N-.  N- na-ahụ ya na ebe nchekwa nke ogwe ya na ya na-ejigide, a na-ahụkwa ya dị ka [m] tupu tupu ezé, alveolar na palatal na fricatives na [ŋ] tupu echekwa velar.  A na-eji akara ntụgharị ntụgharị i-.  Dị ka ndị ọzọ nke Indonesian, Batak Karo see ngwa (mkpịsịsị -ken dị ka ngwa n'ozuzu, na -i dị ka ngwa locative.). 

 Nchịkọta okwu 
Batak Karo na-agbanwekarị n'etiti isiokwu-mbido na predicate-mbido okwu iwu maka ahịrịokwu na-agafe agafe, ọ bụ ezie na mmasị bụ maka ahịrị okwu Actor Voice ka ọ bụrụ isiokwu-mbụ. Predicate-Undergoer-Actor bụ usoro okwu a na-ahụkarị mgbe a na-eji nnọchiaha ajụjụ dochie onye na-aga. N'ụzọ dị iche, ọ bụ ezie na ọ ga-ekwe omume maka ahịrịokwu olu onye ọrịa itinye isiokwu ahụ (onye na-agafe na ahịrịokwu ụda olu onye ọrịa) n'ọnọdụ mbụ, iwu okwu mbido-okwu na-adịkarị, na onye na-agagharị na-etinye n'azụ ma okwu na onye na'ime.