Asụsụ Wayuu

Wayuu ( Wayuu:    ), ma ọ bụ Guajiro, bụ isi asụsụ Arawakan nke ndị Wayuu 400,000 na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Venezuela na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Colombia na Guajira Peninsula na gburugburu Ọdọ Mmiri Maracaibo .

Enwere ihe dị ka ndị na-ekwu okwu Wayuunaiki 300,000 na Venezuela na 2012 yana 120,000 ọzọ na Colombia na 2008, ihe dịka ọkara nke ndị agbụrụ 400,000 na Venezuela (ọnụọgụ 2011) na 400,000 na Colombia (ọnụọgụ 2018).  Smith (1995) na-akọ na asụsụ Wayuu—Spanish gwara ọgwa nọchiri Wayuunaiki ná mba abụọ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, Campbell (1997) enweghị ike ịhụ [ ] <span title="A complete citation is needed. (June 2022)">bụla</span> na nke a. 

 Mmepe nso nso a 
Iji kwalite mmụta asụsụ abụọ n'etiti Wayuu na ndị Colombia ndị ọzọ, Kamusuchiwoꞌu Ethno-educative Center ( Spanish   ) wepụtara ụzọ nke imepụta akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Wayuunaiki–Spanish, Spanish–Wayuunaiki ihe atụ nke mbụ . 

Na Disemba 2011, Wayuu Taya Foundation na Microsoft weputara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ nke usoro teknụzụ na Wayuunaiki,   mgbe ha na otu ndị ọkachamara teknụzụ na ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ mepụtara ya afọ atọ.

 Olumba 
Olumba abụọ bụ isi bụ Wüinpümüin na Wopumüin, ndị a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke peninsula, n'otu n'otu. Olumba ndị a nwere nghọta n'otu n'otu, n'ihi na ha dị ntakịrị iche. Asụsụ Guanebucan ekpochapụ nwere ike ịbụ n'asụsụ Wayuunaiki. [ nhota dị mkpa ] . Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti Wüinpümüin na Wopümüin bụ na Wüinpümüin na-eji jia dị ka onye nke atọ n'aha nwanyị, na jaya maka onye nke abụọ plural, ebe Wopümüin na-eji shia dị ka onye nke atọ nke nwanyị, na jia dị ka onye nke abụọ. Enwere obere okwu dị iche iche, mana nke bụ isi na-emetụta naanị nnochiaha, na prefixes ha dị iche iche. 

 fonology 
Udaume Wayuu bụ ndị a: 
+Udaume N'ihu Central Azu Mechie i ⟨ i ⟩ ɨ ⟨ ⟩ u ⟨ ⟩ N'etiti ɛ ⟨ ⟩ ɔ ⟨ ⟩ Mepee a ⟨ ⟩
Cheta na: ⟨ e ⟩ na ⟨ ⟩ na-emeghe karịa n'asụsụ bekee. [ <span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2012)">nkọwa dị mkpa</span> ] ⟨ a ⟩ dị ntakịrị n'ihu etiti, na ⟨ ü ⟩ dị ntakịrị azụ na etiti. Udaume niile nwere ike ime n'ụdị dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ ogologo, ebe ọ bụ na ogologo ụdaume dị iche.

Wayuunaiki na-eji prefixes nkeonwe ewepụtara na nnochiaha, yana 3 agbakwunyere prefixes na-abụghị aha ewepụtara ( ka- -nwere, ma- - negative, pa- - dual (anaghị ejikarị)). Enwekwara prefix nkeonwe nke iri maka nke akọwapụtaghị/nke a na-akaghị aka, akpọrọ “onye efu”, a- . Udaume dị na prefixes nkeonwe na-agbanwe dabere na ụdaume mbụ na consonants nke ngwaa, aha, ma ọ bụ preposition nke etinyebere ya, nke akpọrọ mutation olu . Nnokwa prefixes kwekọrọ na nnochiaha njedebe -aya na-agbasokarị ụdaume mmalite nke klaasị okwu a kpọtụrụ aha, ebe ndị na-adakọ na nnọchiaha -ia agwụchasịkarị na-aga site na ngbanwe olu. Enwere iwu maka ihe a na-eji ụdaume eme ihe mgbe, mana ọ na-adịkarị, - nnọchiaha aya ewepụtara na 4 nke na-abụghị nnọchiaha ewepụtara na-eji a, e, ma ọ bụ o, ebe nnọchiaha 3 -ia fọdụrụ na-ewepụta jiri ü, i, na u n'otu n'otu na nke gara aga. A na-eji prefixes ndị a mgbe a na-egosipụta ngwaa nwere ebumnobi arụ ọrụ, ma ọ bụ, maka mkpọmokwu mkpọaha ewepụtara, mgbe a na-ekwupụta nwe ihe mmadụ nwere. 

Enwere 9 triad nke suffixes maka otu nwoke animate, otu nwanyị animate/General na-adịghị ndụ, na ọtụtụ mmadụ. Suffixes ndị a nwere ike ịpụta n'ime ogologo okwu, akụkụ, na suffixes ọnọdụ maka ngwaa, okwu mwepu, suffixes nke a kapịrị ọnụ, ma ọ bụ n'ihe gbasara triad G, suffixes prefix na - adịghị mma. 

Triad nke suffixes kachasị na ngwaa bụ triad A (shi/sü/shii), suffixes izugbe, nke a na-akpọkwa ya dị ka "oge gara aga", ebe ọ na-ejikọta asụsụ Bekee na Spanish nke ihe bụ isi ugbu a na isi ihe gara aga. Ihe ọ bụla a na-ekwu na ya na-adabere n'ọnọdụ ọnọdụ ahụ, mgbe ụfọdụ enwere ike ịkọwa ma ọ bụ sụgharịa ya dị ka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, nke ugbu a na-aga n'ihu (nke a na-akpọ "ọdịnihu dị nso" na ọmụmụ ndị e mere n'elu Wayuunaiki), nke nwere ntanye nke ya, na-eji triad B na ijikọta ya na -i- (-ichi, -irü, -ina). 

 Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ 
Wayuunaiki bụ agglutinative, na-eji ọtụtụ ụzọ e si egosipụta akụkụ na ọnọdụ na suffixes, jikọtara na njedebe nke ngwaa. Enwere aha mịgharị na nke a na-apụghị ịpụ apụ, ebe nke mbụ chọrọ suffixes nwere iji kwupụta ihe onwunwe, ebe a na-ahụ nke ikpeazụ dị ka ihe nwere n'ebumnobi, ọ dịghị achọ suffixes nwere, ma na-esonyere ya na nnochiaha aha mbụ ewepụtara. Enwere ike ijikọta okwu ọnụ iji mepụta ndị ọhụrụ, yana ụkpụrụ 2 ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ndị a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha + enweghị ike ịgbagha ma ọ bụ ndị na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha +, ebe 0 onye ( a-, e-, o- ) prefix nke ikpeazụ na-ewepụ ma jikọta ya na nke mbụ, na mgbanwe ụda olu dị mkpa na consonantal. Ụdị ọzọ nke a bụ ijikọta aha ma ọ bụ preposition ọ bụla na ngwaa, ngwaa na-ebu ụzọ, maka okwu ọhụrụ nke nwere ike ịbụ aha ma ọ bụ ngwaa. Ụdị nke ikpeazụ nke a chọrọ nkwụsịtụ sitere na triad F (chi, lü ~ rü, chii) ka agbakwunyere na njedebe nke okwu ọhụrụ. 

A na-etolite ngwaa infinitive site na iwere mgbọrọgwụ nke ngwaa ahụ, na-agbakwunye prefix na-enweghị njedebe na-eso iwu ndị ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ngwaa na-arụ ọrụ, na ịgbatị ụdaume ikpeazụ. Ọ bụrụ na ụdaume ikpeazụ agbaala okpukpu abụọ na mgbọrọgwụ (-aa, -ee, -ii, -oo, -uu, -üü), mgbe ahụ a ga-egbutu ya na ọkara, na -waa na-agbakwunye na njedebe.  Ntọala nke infinitives nwere mgbọrọgwụ nkịtị, ma na akụkụ dị iche iche na ọnọdụ nwere ike ịmepụta site n'ịgbakwunye affix n'etiti mgbọrọgwụ na njedebe njedebe, dị ka causative - ira, passive - na na - uu, na -ezughị okè - iraa, na ihe na-achọsi ike - ee. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na mgbọrọgwụ kache ("hang"), mmadụ nwere ike nweta ihe na-achọsi ike a - kache - r-ee - waa "ịchọ kpọgidere". Enwere arụmụka gbasara ma a ga-ewere okwu ndị ewepụtara na ngwaa na nke aka ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka ngbanwe nke ngwaa mgbọrọgwụ. N'ọtụtụ ngwaa dị mfe, a na-esokwa mgbọrọgwụ ya na 'nkwupụta isiokwu'. 

A na-ejikọta ngwaa maka okike, ogologo oge na ọnụọgụ. Enwere oge iri: ihe gara aga, nke dị nso, ọdịnihu n'ozuzu, ebumnobi n'ọdịnihu, nke gara aga zuru oke, nke dị nso, oge gara aga, oge gara aga, oge gara aga, oge ochie, na oge gara aga. Enwekwara 'triad' itoolu, ụdị oge izugbe, nke edere A site na J, nke gbanwere mgbanwe nwoke na nwanyị nke ngwaa ahụ. Oge gara aga na nke dịpụrụ adịpụ na-eji triads A. Ngwa ngwa ọdịnihu, ọdịnihu n'ozuzu, na ọdịnihu dị nso iji triads B. Future intentive were triads C. Na nso gara aga, ugbu a gara aga, na nke gara aga jiri triads E, na ihe ndị ọzọ niile na-eji triads J. triads conjugations bụ ndị a. Ọbụghị na ọ bụ ezie na enweghị aha otutu nke nwanyị, enwere ike ịgbakwunye suffix -irua iji gosi nwanyị.
+Mgbakwunye ọnụọgụ nwoke na nwanyị atọ A B C D E F G H I J Masc. -shi -chi -chi (l) i (l) i -chi (l) i -sa (l) i -n'ime Ø Nwanyị. -nsu -rü -Tụ -rü -lu -rü -lu - salụ Ọtụtụ -shii -na -na -na -ịlị -chii -na -sali
Mgbanwe ụda olu na-apụta na njikọ nke ngwaa na-arụ ọrụ nke njedebe ha na-ejedebe na laa, raa, loo na roo. Site n'imebi ụdaume ndị ahụ, suffixes nke isiokwu ha na-anọgide la, ra, lo na ro, ma mgbe ha na-enwe nkwekọ n'ụdaume ha na-agbanwe gaa lü, rü, lu na ru. Site n'ịgbakwụnye suffixes -shi, -sü, -shii, ü na u na-apụ n'anya, na l na r na-aghọ t.

 Syntax 
N'ozuzu, ngwaa na-ebute isiokwu ahụ na nke ikpeazụ na-ebute ihe ma ọ bụ predicate (ụdị VSO). Agbanyeghị, usoro okwu anaghị egbochi ma enwere ike ịnwe ahịrịokwu n'usoro okwu ọzọ. Atumatu amụma abuo ka ewepụtara: ihe nrịbama nke bifurcated-isiokwu na nke sịntetik, nke dabere na predicate ma ọ bụ kọmpat,  nke ejiri naanị otu ahịrịokwu nwere nucleus ọnụ. A na-eme njikọ site na nganiihu nkeonwe, infixes na suffixes nke ọnọdụ, oge na akụkụ na ọnụọgụ-ndụ nke ihe ahụ. A na-egosi nhụsianya na nganiihu m-, ọ bụ ezie na e nwekwara ngwaa na-adịghị mma nnojolaa ("na-agaghị adị", "na-agaghị adị", "ịghara inwe"), nakwa "ịghara inwe" ma ọ bụ "ịghara inwe" nwere ike iji prefix ma- sochiri aha aha ya.

 Ọnụọgụ 
Ọnụọgụ site na 1 ruo 10 bụ ndị a. Ọnụọgụ na-aga n'ihu aha.
+Ọnụọgụ na Wayuu na Bekee Wayuu Bekee Wayuu Bekee onye otu ikurua isii piama abuo akaraishi Asaa anụ atọ mekat asatọ pienchi anọ mekie'etsat itoolu jara ise kpoloo iri

 Ọmụmaatụ okwu 
Ndị a bụ ihe atụ nke Wayuunaiki. 

  'Good morning'
  'Good afternoon'
  'Good night'
  'How are you (singular)?'
  'How are you (plural)?'
  'Rabbit'
  'Grass'
  'Clay jar'
  'Thank you'
  'Hurry up'
  'What is your name?'
  'I love you so much (to a man)'
  'I love you so much (to a woman)'

 itself comes from  'human being/people' and the suffix , from  'speech' ('word' or 'language'), literally meaning '[the] people’s speech'.

 Ihe ndetu 
na ndenye ọkọwa okwu. A na-eme ya site na iji ụdị ngwaa nke Abụọ gbakwunyere ngwụcha -o, -aw, ma ọ bụ -á . Ụdị enweghị njedebe a dị na olumba niile ebe a na-eji ụdị gerund eme ihe n'otu aka ahụ na English -ing gerund. A na-emepụtakwa njedebe nke abụọ site na iji ụdị stem II gbakwunyere njedebe - an . Ọ nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka gerund ma na-eji ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu okwu na Bekee ruo-infinitive. Agbanyeghị, ojiji ya na-ebelata n'olumba ugwu ebe a na-eji ụdị ngwaa edochi ya n'ọdịnihu. Na olumba ebe a na-eji ma ụdị n'ọdịnihu na nke abụọ enweghị njedebe, a na-emepụta ụdị n'ọdịnihu site na iji azuokokoosisi m gbakwunyere njedebe agbanwe

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Media related to Wayuu language at Wikimedia Commons
 WayuuTribe.com -About the Wayuu People and Wayuu Art
 Brief explanation of the Wayuunaiiki language
 Spanish-Wayuunaiki dictionary
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations