Asụsụ Maia

Maia bụ asụsụ Papuan a na-asụ na Madang Province nke Papua New Guinea, ma bụrụ onye otu ezinụlọ asụsụ Trans-New Guinea .  Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials. O nwere ọnọdụ ihe ize ndụ nke 6a, nke pụtara na ọ bụ asụsụ siri ike na nke na-adịgide adịgide nke ọgbọ niile na-asụ. Dịka ngụkọ 2000 siri dị, e nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ 4,500 dị ndụ, ndị kewara n'etiti obodo iri abụọ na abụọ na mpaghara Almani nke okpuru ọchịchị Bogia . 

Enwere ọdịiche dị na Maia a na-asụ n'etiti obodo, mana enwere ike kewaa ya n'asụsụ abụọ bụ isi. N'ime olumba abụọ a, Main Dialect na-agụta ihe dị ka ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndị ọkà okwu yana asụsụ ndịda na-edekọ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke fọdụrụ. Ọdịiche dị iche iche nke olu olu na-abụkarị nke a ga-ebu amụma ya na naanị obere mgbanwe dị na ịkpọ okwu. Ozi e gosiri n’isiokwu a gbadoro ụkwụ na olumba Wagedav, otu obere olumba nke a na-asụ n’obodo Wagedav. Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

Aha ndị ọzọ maka asụsụ ahụ bụ Banar, Pila, Saki, Suaro, Turutap, na Yakiba.

 fonology 
Ndekọ ụda ụda nke Maia pere mpe, dị ka ọ dị n'asụsụ ndị si Papua New Guinea.

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-agbanwe ụdaume na consonants n'ofe morphemes n'otu okwu. A kọwapụtara iwu morphophonemic ndị a na ngalaba a.

 Consonants 
+ Bilabial eze Alveolar Palatal Velar Plosives: enweghị olu
Ekwupụtara ya p
[p, pʰ, p̚]

b

[b, p] t̪
[t̪, t̪ʰ, t̪̚]

d̪

[d̪, t̪] k
[k, kʰ, k̚]

g

[g, ɣ, k] imi m n̪ (ŋ) Mpịakọta ɾ
[r, ɾ, ɾ̻] Nke na-ese okwu β
[β, ɸ] s̪
[s̪, ɕʷ]  Odika j Ihe dị n'akụkụ l
Igwe okwu labiovelar ihe ruru /w/ bụ naanị consonant nwere ọtụtụ ebe na Maia.

 Udaume 
Maia nwere fọnịm ụdaume ise bụ isi na eserese dị n'okpuru: Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

 Mgbakwunye mpụta 
Mgbakwunye na Maia bụ nke kachasị n'ụdị suffixes.

Enwere ike iji suffix nominalizing - arav mepụta aha sitere na mgbọrọgwụ ngwaa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, 'wadib' pụtara 'ịrụ ụka', mana 'wadib-arav' pụtara 'esemokwu' (p. 40). Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

Enwere ike iji suffix na-ekwu okwu -(n)a iji mepụta ngwaa sitere na aha na nkọwapụta, dịka ọ dị n'okwu maka ọcha, 'waia' (p. 45): Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

Enwere klaasị anọ nke suffixes ngwaa na-akpata, nke enwere ike ịtinye na njedebe nke mgbọrọgwụ ngwaa dị adịbu iji mesie mmekọrịta kpatara ike. Mgbakwunye ndị a bụ -tate, -te, -ọnụego, na -de . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, 'ebe' ('eteta') bụ nna nna 'ebetate' ('ịkpọte (onye)') (p. 46). Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

 Mgbakwunye na-abụghị nke ewepụtara 
Naanị klaasị nke mgbakwunye na-abụghị nke ewepụtara na Maia bụ prefixes onye nwe. A na-agbakwunye prefixes ndị a n'ihu adjective iji gosi onye nwere aha ahụ, dị ka achịkọtara na tebụl dị n'okpuru. Ewubere ọdịiche dị n'etiti singularity na plurality na ọdịiche dị na usoro nrụgide. Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

 Mgbanwegharị 
Ntugharị aha n'uju ma ọ bụ akụkụ dị iche iche na Maia nwere ike igosi ọtụtụ, ụdị mbelata nke okwu mbụ ma ọ bụ ọzọ, ụdị adverb ewepụtara nke okwu ahụ. Enwere ike ikwugharị okwu Maia ' kuvik ' ('akụkụ') dị ka ' kuvik kuvik ' ka ọ pụtara 'akụkụ ọ bụla' (p. 41). Okwu maka 'ụlọ' bụ ' dawa ' na okwu maka obere ụlọ bụ ' dawadawa ' (p. 41). N'ikpeazụ, ihe atụ nke ikpe nke atọ bụ ' riwaro ' ('ọ dịghị ihe') emegharịgharịrị n'akụkụ n'ime ' ririwaro ' ka ọ pụta ìhè 'enweghị isi' (p. 41). Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

Mmụgharị ngwaa n'uju ma ọ bụ akụkụ akụkụ na-egosi mmụba nke omume ahụ ma ọ bụ gosi omume ugboro ugboro. A na-enwekarị mmeghari n'ụdị abụọ dị iche iche: ma ọ bụ ikwughachi naanị mkpụrụokwu mbụ ma ọ bụ ikwughachi mgbọrọgwụ dum. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ' gubue ' pụtara 'ịpịaji' ebe ' gugubue ' pụtara 'ịpịaji ugboro ugboro', na ' ipua ' pụtara 'ịkpụcha' ebe ' ipuaipua ' pụtara 'ịkpụgharị ugboro ugboro' (p. 49). Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

Mgbanwegharị ma ọ bụ ngbanwe akụkụ nke adjectives nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ atọ dị iche iche: iji gosi mmụba, ọtụtụ, ma ọ bụ mbelata. Ihe atụ nke mmụgharị eji egosipụta nkwalite, ikwugharị okwu Maia maka 'mma' (' lov ') na-agbanwe ihe ọ pụtara na 'dị ezigbo mma' ( 'lovlov '). Mgbanwegharị nwekwara ike igosi ọtụtụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ 'nanam kani' ('osisi ukwu') na 'nanam kanikani ' ('osisi ukwu'), ma ọ bụ ' maia ' ('thing') na ' maiamaia ' ('ihe'). N'ikpeazụ, mmụgharịgharị nwere ike igosi ụdị mbelata nke okwu, dịka ọ dị na ' isav ' ('ọkụ') na ' isisav ' ('ọkụ'). Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.

 Ndị na-eme mgbanwe 

 Okwu okwu 
A na-edobe adverbs n'ihu ngwaa ahụ na nkebiokwu adverbial: Hardin, Barbara (June 2002). Maia Grammar Essentials.


 Adjectives 
A na-edobe adjectives ozugbo aha ha na-akọwa: 


 Ntụaka 
AD1: ihe mgbakwunye adverb 'bu' AD2: ihe mgbakwunye adverb 'da' ATN: nlebara anya activator marker CFT: contrafactual marker CT: contrast marker D1: distal-1 ihe ngosi DIR: directional preposition DIST: distributive derivational suffix E: mesiri onwe onye nnọchiaha aha: INTP preposition: pronountic preposition. INTS: intensifier IR: irrealis ọnọdụ LIM: akara njedebe LOC1: akara ebe a kapịrị ọnụ LOC2: akara ebe anaghị akọwapụta MN: akara akara PF: akụkụ zuru oke (+ gara aga) PROX: ihe ngosi RL dị nso: ezigbo ọnọdụ SEQ: sequential media staTPl :depical media. onye na-ekwu okwu

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Maia - Bekee - Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Tok Pisin
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations