Martha Chickering

Martha Alexander Chickering (1886-1988) bụ onye nkuzi ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, onye nduzi nke California State Department of Social Welfare (1939-1945) na onye otu California Social Work Hall of Distinction. A gụnyere ya maka ọrụ ya n'ịmepụta agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na steeti California.

 Ọrụ 
Ọ bụ onye otu ezinụlọ Chickering nke Massachusetts, emesia Oakland na Piedmont, California.[1]  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Ọzụzụ NYC YWCA site na 1911 ruo 1913 mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley na 1910.

Site na 1918 ruo 1920, Chickering duuru ndị Sameria Grey Polish (nke Laura de Turczynowicz tọrọ ntọala), [1] Mgbalị YWCA na mwughachi agha agha gasịrị na Poland e hiwere ọhụrụ n'okpuru Herbert Hoover hiwere American Relief Association.  N'afọ 1920, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Red Cross America maka afọ ise.

Mgbe ngalaba akụ na ụba nke Berkeley malitere usoro asambodo ọrụ ọha na eze na 1928, e goro Chickering ka ọ lekọta ọzụzụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ wee ghọọ onye nduzi mmemme na 1932. 

Na 1936, ọ nwetara PhD na akụnụba na UC Berkeley wee bụrụ onye prọfesọ nke Berkeley's Curriculum na Ọrụ Ọha n'otu afọ ahụ.[1][2]  N'afọ 1939, ọ ghọrọ onye ntụzi nke ngalaba na-ahụ maka ọdịmma mmekọrịta ọha na eze California. 

Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1945, Martha kwagara n'Ọzara Mojave na mpụga Victorville, California ma gaa n'ihu na-ede akwụkwọ. Ọ kwagara Pasadena, California mgbe ọ na-enweghị ike ibi naanị ya. Ọ nwụrụ n'ebe ahụ na 1988 mgbe ọ dị afọ 102.

 Ihe Nketa 
Na 1994, UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare hiwere Martha Chickering Fellowship . 

 Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara 

 N'ime Free Poland Via Germany nke Overseas Dept., National Board of the Young Women's Christian Associations, New York City, N.Y., 1920   bipụtara 
 Ihe mere California ji edebanye aha ndị ọrụ mmekọrịta ya; California Conference of Social Welfare, May 26, 1948, Long Beach. Nke California Board of Behavioral Services nyere.
 Ntọala nke Ọzara Mojave. California Historical Society Quarterly 1 June 1948; 27 (2): 113-122.   doi:10.2307/25156094

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