Pak Chong-ae

Pak Chong-ae (Korean: 박정애; [1] amụrụ Ch'oe Vera[2] 1907 - ?[lower-alpha 1]), makwaara dị ka Pak Den-ai, [5] bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea.

Pak nọchitere anya otu ndị ọrụ nke North Korea (WPNK) na mgbe 1949 gachara otu ndị ọrụ otu Korea (WPK).[6]  Ọ bụbu onye Kọmunist nwere ahụmahụ n'oge nnwere onwe nke Korea, ọ gụkwara akwụkwọ na Soviet Union ma rụọ ọrụ maka ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ya.  A na-ejikọta ya n'ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị Soviet ma ọ bụ ndị òtù ezinụlọ nke otu ahụ.

Pak bụ onye isi oche mbụ nke North Korean Central Committee nke Korean Democratic Women's League, nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba ahụ. N'oge ọ bụ onye isi oche, Njikọ ahụ emebeghị ka ọ bụrụ nzukọ nke gọọmentị na-achịkwa ụmụ amaala ya.

Pak bụ naanị nwanyị jere ozi na Politburo nke Ndị Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ nke Korea ruo nhọpụta Kim Yo-jong.  A kọwawo ya dị ka ọ bụ nanị nwanyị dịworo mkpa n'ezie na WPK.  Ọrụ ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea sitere na 1940 ruo mgbe ọ kpochapụrụ na 1966 nke butere ịchụpụ ya n'ime ime obodo.  Site n'ebe ahụ gaa n'ihu, e kwere ka ọ nọrọ n'ọkwá dị nta.

E nyere Pak ihe nrite Stalin International n'afọ 1950.

 Mbido ndụ na ọrụ 
A mụrụ Pak na 1907 na North Hamgyong Province n'ebe ugwu nke Korea Peninsula.  Ọ gara Soviet Union ịga mụọ na Moscow State University.[1]  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Soviet Union dị ka onye ọrụ ọgụgụ isi tupu ọ banye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[2][3]  Na mmalite 1930s, e zigara ya Korea maka ọrụ, [3] ebe ndị ọchịchị Japan tụrụ ya mkpọrọ.
áká_èkpè|thumb|Pak Chong-ae na-ekwu okwu na nnọkọ maka ntuli aka ime obodo na North Korea nke e mere na 3 Nọvemba 1946.
N'ime afọ 1940, Pak lụrụ Kim Yong-bom, onyeisi oche nke North Korean Branch Bureau nke Korean Communist Party.  N'oge nnwere onwe nke Korea, a na-ewere Pak dị ka onye Kọmunist nwere ahụmahụ. Ọ kwadoro Kim Il Sung n'oge mmalite nke ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị North Korea wee ghọọ otu n'ime ndị na-akwado ya siri ike.[1]  N'August 1946, ọ ghọrọ onye otu zuru oke na kọmitii 1st Central Committee of the Workers' Party of North Korea (WPNK).[11]  Mgbe otu ndị ọrụ nke North na South Korea jikọrọ aka wee guzobe Party Party of Korea (WPK) na 1949, a họpụtara Pak ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị odeakwụkwọ atọ ya.[6]  Ọ jere ozi na kọmitii etiti ya nke abụọ, nke atọ, na nke anọ.[11]  Ọ bụkwa osote onye osote nzuko ndị Kasị Elu. 

O kwere omume na Pak gwara ndị China banyere atụmatụ North Korea ịwakpo South Korea obere oge tupu Agha Korea amalite.

N'afọ 1953, ọ duuru ndị nnọchi anya North Korea gaa olili ozu Stalin na Moscow, ebe onye China ya bụ Minista Na-ahụ Maka Mba Ọzọ Zhou Enlai .  Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, o sonyere na mkpocha megide ndị bụbu ndị otu ndị ọrụ South Korea bụ ndị Kim Il Sung hapụrụ. Pak ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị otu ise,  na naanị nwanyị,  na kọmitii ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke kwadoro ọchịchị Kim.[15]  Pak nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ime kọmitii ahụ ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime ndị kacha nso Kim.[16][1]  Ọ nọ ya mgbe ọ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ Armistice ma soro ya gaa njem na mba ofesi.[2]  Dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa so na kọmitii, ọ pụrụ iche "nwere ike inye Kim Il-sŏng ndụmọdụ banyere onwe ya ndụ, na ikwu okwu maka ụmụ nwanyị nakwa n'ihe gbasara izugbe nchegbu.

Ọ bụ onye isi oche mbụ nke North Korean Central Committee nke Korean Democratic Women's League .  N'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa, site na 1940s ruo 1965,  league bụ otu ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụkarị nke na-adịghị ka ndị nọ na mba ndị ọzọ.Mansourov, Alexandre Y. (June 2004). "Inside North Korea's Black Box: Reversing the Optics" (PDF). North Korean Policy Elites. Alexandria: Institute for Defense Analyses. p. IV–43. OCLC 74273082. Ọ bụ naanị n'okpuru ndị isi oche sochirinụ ka ọ nwetara ihe ndị ọzọ na-achị achị. Pak rụkwara ọrụ dị mkpa na Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF). [19] Ọ bụ onye otu kọmitii na-achịkwa ya na 1948. N'afọ 1951, otu WIDF International Commission of Women gara North Korea na ebumnuche ya iji mee ka echiche ọha na eze zuru ụwa ọnụ.[20] Ọ natara Ihe nrite Stalin nke mba ụwa n'afọ 1950 ma gosikwa na ihe nkiri Joris Ivens na Jerzy Bossak na-emegide agha Peace Will Win .   Ọ maliteghachikwara North Korean Order of the National Flag, ma nke mbụ ma nke abụọ. 

Robert A. Scalapino na Lee Chong-Sik na-akpọ ya "naanị nwanyị nke dịworo mkpa n'ezie na [WPK]".[23]  Ọ nọrọ n'etiti narị afọ nke North Korea ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe mkpochapụ wepụrụ ọtụtụ ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ.[24]  Andrei Lankov na-akọwa ya dị ka "otu n'ime àgwà ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama nke oge ahụ dị ịrịba ama."[1]  Site na 1961 ruo 1963 ọ bụ onye minista na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo nke North Korea, [25] dị ka nke 2000[mmelite] otu n'ime naanị ụmụ nwanyị North Korea isii jere ozi dị ka ndị ozi.[26]  Pak bụkwa naanị nwanyị jere ozi na Politburo nke Ndị Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ Korea, otu kachasị na-eme mkpebi nke pati ahụ, [27] ruo Kim  Yo-jong. [27]

Kim kpochara Pak n'onwe ya na ogbako 2nd nke WPK n'October 1966. Nzukọ a hụrụ mkpochapụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba, mana Pak abụghị otu n'ime ha, na-egosi na a kpochapụrụ ya n'ihi ọchịchọ Kim itinye uche n'ike.  [1]  A chụpụrụ Pak n'ime ime obodo mgbe nchacha ahụ gasịrị.[24]  Ọ bilitere na ndụ ọha na 1986.[24][2]  Mgbe ahụ mmetụta ya ebelatala nke ukwuu ma kwe ka ọ nọrọ naanị obere ọnọdụ.[30][3]  Nwa ya nwanyị, Pak Sun-hui, bụ onye isi oche nke kọmitii etiti nke Korea Democratic Women's League ugbu  a.

 Hụkwa 


 Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị ọrụ nke Korea
 Kim Sung-ae
 Ụmụ nwanyị na Mgbanwe Ọchịchị North Korea

 Ihe edeturu 
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 Edensibia 

 Ọrụ ndị e depụtara 


 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 


 Njikọ mpụga 

 Pak Chong-ae na Encyclopedia (in Korean) Culture (n'asụsụ Korean) 
 Pak Chong-ae na North Korean Human Geography (n'asụsụ Korean)