Salep

Salep, a kpọkwara sahlep ma ọ bụ sahlab,  bụ ntụ ọka sitere na tubers nke orchid genus Orchis (gụnyere ụdị Orchis mascula na Orchis militaris ). Ndị a tubers nwere ihe na-edozi ahụ, starchy polysaccharide akpọ glucomannan . A na-eri ntụ ọka ire ere na ihe ọṅụṅụ na ihe oriri, karịsịa na nri nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman mbụ, karịsịa na Levant ebe ọ bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ oge oyi. Mmụba nke oriri na-eme ka mkpochapụ nke orchids mpaghara na akụkụ Turkey na Iran. 

 Etymology 
Okwu salep n'ikpeazụ sitere na Arabic saḥlab (  ),  site na French na Turkish  na etiti narị afọ nke 18. O nwere ike mebie okwu Arabic site na ḵuṣā aṯ-ṯaʕlab ( Arabic  ).   

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 
Ndị Rom oge ochie na-eji bọlbụ orchid n'ala mee ihe ọṅụṅụ, nke ha kpọrọ aha n'ọtụtụ aha, karịsịa satyrion na priapiscus . Dị ka aha ndị ahụ na-egosi, ha weere ya dị ka aphrodisiac dị ike.  N'ime salep, Paracelsus dere, sị: "Lee mgbọrọgwụ Satyrion, ọ bụ na a kpụrụghị ya dị ka akụkụ nzuzo nke nwoke? Ọ dịghị onye nwere ike ịgọnarị nke a. N'ihi ya, anwansi achọpụtara ya ma kpughee na ọ nwere ike iweghachi omume nwoke na agụụ mmekọahụ ". 

Salep bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ewu ewu n'ala ndị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman . Ọ nwere aha ọma dị ka "fattener" maka ụmụ agbọghọ, iji mee ka ha na-adaba tupu alụmdi na nwunye.  Oriri ya gbasaara ebe ahụ ruo England na Germany tupu kọfị na tii ebili, e mesịakwa nye ya dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ ọzọ n'ụlọ kọfị. Na England, a maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ dị ka saloop . Na-ewu ewu na narị afọ nke 17 na 18 na England, nkwadebe ya chọrọ ka a na-etinye ntụ ntụ salep na mmiri ruo mgbe ọ ga-adị ụtọ, mgbe ahụ, a ga-esi ísì ụtọ na ifuru oroma ma ọ bụ mmiri rose. Mgbanwe nke mgbọrọgwụ orchid nke Britain, nke a maara dị ka "nkịta nkịta", maka ụdị ndị Turkish mbụ bụ ihe a na-anabata na narị afọ nke 18. 

 Saloop 
Saloop bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-ewu ewu na England na narị afọ nke 18 na 19th. Na mbụ, e mere ya site na salep, ọtụtụ n'ime ha sitere na Smyrna .  Ka e mesịrị, mgbọrọgwụ na akwụkwọ nke osisi sassafras nke North America bụ isi ihe. Osisi a mere ka ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ sie ike ma nwee àgwà na-akpali akpali.  

A na-ere ihe ọṅụṅụ a n'ọnọdụ tii na kọfị, bụ ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa, ma jiri mmiri ara ehi na shuga na-enye ya n'ụzọ yiri nke ahụ.

A na-eji ya mee ihe dị ka ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa dị iche iche, gụnyere "na-adịghị ala ala mmanya inebriety"  na scurvy .  Ihe a ma ama ya dara mgbe e kwuru na a na-agwọ ọrịa anụ ahụ, yabụ ịṅụ ya n'ihu ọha ghọrọ ihe ihere.  E ji ụlọ ahịa kọfị dochie ụlọ Saloop dị na London. 

 Eji oge a 
A na-ejikarị mmiri ara ehi na-ekpo ọkụ eme ihe ọṅụṅụ sahlab ugbu a karịa mmiri. A na-esikwa ntụ ọka salep mee ihe oriri ndị ọzọ, gụnyere salep pudding na dondurma . Mpaghara Kahramanmaraş nke Turkey bụ onye na-emepụta sahlab nke a maara dị ka Maraş Salebi. Ihe ewu ewu nke sahlab na Turkey emeela ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na orchids ọhịa belata, ma bụrụkwa nke iwu na-akwadoghị ibupụ ezi ire ere.  N'ihi ya, a na-eji ekpomeekpo artificial mee ọtụtụ ngwakọta sahlab ozugbo. Salep na-aṅụkwa mmanya na Albania na Gris; a na-erekarị ya n'okporo ámá dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi na-atụ n'afọ. Ọ na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Middle East, karịsịa na Egypt na Levant. Ezinụlọ nọ na Turkey na-aṅụ ụdị na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi. 

A na-eme atụmatụ na kwa afọ na Turkey, a na-egbute tubers 30 sitere na ụdị 38; ọ na-ewe site na 1,000 ruo 4,000 tubers iji mee otu kilo nke ntụ ọka.  N'ihi ụkọ ụdị ụfọdụ na mkpochapụ mpaghara na-abawanye ụba, ndị ahịa na-ewe ihe ubi orchid ọhịa na Iran. Abdolbaset Ghorbani nke Mahadum Uppsala na-eme atụmatụ na n'etiti 7 na 11 nde orchids nke ụdị iri na itoolu na ụdị dị iche iche ka anakọtara site na ugwu Iran na 2013, na-ebuga ihe ka ukwuu na Turkey.  Owuwe ihe ubi nke tubers orchid na-abawanyekwa na Gris. 

Na Middle East, "sahlab" bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ oyi na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-ekpo ọkụ na mmiri ara ehi na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, nke a na-eji mkpụrụ na cinnamon chọọ ya mgbe ụfọdụ. 

 Nkọwa ala ala peeji nkọwa 

 Ntụaka 

 Nkọwapụta 

 Ederede ndị edepụtara 









Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations