Women's college

Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ na-enye nzere bachelọ, ụlọ akwụkwọ na'ahụ maka nka, nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ya bụ naanị ụmụ nwanyị. Ụfọdụ kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na-anabata ụmụ akwụkwọ nwoke n'ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ, mana ha niile na-ejere ụmụ akwụkwọ nwanyị ozi.

 Ọdịiche site na ngwụcha ụlọ akwụkwọ 
Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na-enye usoro agụmakwụkwọ naanị ma ọ bụ nke mbụ, ebe ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị (nke a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mara mma) na-elekwasị anya na amara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dị ka omume, omume, na ntụrụndụ; agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụrụ na enyere ya bụ nke abụọ.

A na-eji okwu emecha ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ jiri ya kọwaa ụfọdụ kọleji ụmụ nwanyị.  Ụfọdụ n'ime kọleji ndị a nwere ike ịmalite dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ gụchara mana ha gbanwere onwe ha ka ha bụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na-emesapụ aka siri ike, dịka ọmụmaatụ ụlọ akwụkwọ Finch na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a.[1]  N'otu aka ahụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Miss Porter's School tọrọ ntọala ka Miss Porter's Finishing School for Young Ladies na 1843;  ugbu a ọ na-emesi usoro ọmụmụ agụmakwụkwọ ike.

Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị nke na-akọwaghị onwe ya dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwụcha nwere ike inweta aha na-ezighi ezi. N'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme nke afọ 114 nke kọleji ụmụ nwanyị Sweet Briar, ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ ekweghị ka ha kpọọ ya ụlọ akwụkwọ na-agwụcha.Resentment of term finishing school N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, njirimara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gara n'ihu, ma nwee ike inye aka na mbelata ndebanye aha, nsogbu ego, na mmechi ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 2015. Characterization of Sweet Briar as finishing school

 Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ebelata 
Ajuju mkpa ọ dị na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na-aga n'ihu.[1]  Mgbe n'ime 1960s enwere kọleji ụmụ nwanyị 240 na US, naanị ihe dị ka 40 ka dị ka nke 2015.[2]  N'okwu nke onye nkuzi na Radcliffe (ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji ụmụ nwanyị jikọtara ya na Harvard): "[i] ọ bụrụ na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị aghọọ ihe na-adịghị mkpa, ọ bụrụ na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị abaghị uru, mgbe ahụ nke ahụ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mmeri [ụmụ nwanyị] anyị."

 Gburugburu ụwa 


 Afrịka 

 Somaliland

 Mahadum Barwaaqo, Baliga Cas (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 2017) 

 Sudan

 Mahadum Ahfad maka ụmụ nwanyị

 Eshia 

 Mahadum Eshia maka Ụmụ nwanyị, Chittagong, Bangladesh (ọ nwụrụ na 2008) 
 Bethune College, kọleji ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na South Asia (estd. 1879) 
 Indraprastha College for Women, Delhi (estd. 1924) 
 Mahadum Jinnah maka ụmụ nwanyị, Karachi, Pakistan (ọ nwụrụ na 1998) 
 Mahadum Keisen na Japan (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1988) 
 Lady Irwin College, New Delhi (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1932) 
 Lahore College for Women University na Pakistan (estd. 1922) 
 Miranda House, New Delhi (nwụrụ n'afọ 1948) 
 Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị, Aligarh, India (ọ nwụrụ na 1906) 

 Philippines 

 Assumption College San Lorenzo, Makati City (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1959) 
 Miriam College na Quezon City (ọ nwụrụ na 1926) 
 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị nke Philippines, mahadum ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na Philippines na Eshia (nke a mụrụ n'afọ 1919) 
 Mahadum St. Paul Manila (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1912) 
 St. Scholastica's College Manila (nke nwụrụ na 1906) 

 South Korea 

 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị Duksung na Seoul, South Korea.  (ọ bụ n'afọ 1920) 
 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị Dongduk na Seoul, South Korea.  (Ọ bụ n'afọ 1950) 
 Ewha Womans University na Seoul, South Korea.  (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1886) 
 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị Seoul na Seoul, South Korea (ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1961) 
 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị Sookmyung na Seoul, South Korea (ọ nwụrụ na 1906) 
 Mahadum ụmụ nwanyị Sungshin dị na Seoul, South Korea.  (Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1936) 

 Canada 
Mahadum Brescia bụ naanị ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị dị na mahadum na Canada. Brescia nwere njikọ na ma dị na campus nke Mahadum nke Western Ontario na London, Ontario . 

E hiwere Mahadum Mount Saint Vincent dị na Halifax, Nova Scotia dị ka kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na 1875, mana ọ ghọrọ agụmakwụkwọ na 1967.

 Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa 

 Alaeze nke Bahrain

 Royal University for Women

 United Arab Emirates

 Kọleji Ụmụ nwanyị Dubai

 Kuwait

 Kọleji Box Hill Kuwait
 Kọleji maka ụmụ nwanyị, ngalaba dị iche na Mahadum Kuwait

 Alaeze nke Saudi Arabia

Ọtụtụ mahadum ndị dị na alaeze Saudi Arabia nwere alaka abụọ: alaka ụmụ nwanyị na alaka ụmụ nwoke yiri ya. Nke a gụnyere mahadum ndị a:

 Mahadum King Saud
 Mahadum Al-Imam 
 Mahadum Eze Abdulaziz
 Mahadum King Faisal
 Mahadum Prince Sultan

Ndị a bụ ụlọ ọrụ naanị ụmụ nwanyị:

 Effat University
 Princess Noura University

 Iran

 Mahadum Alzahra, Tehran

 United Kingdom 
Mary Astell kwadoro echiche na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọgụgụ isi dịka ụmụ nwoke, na dịka ha kwesịrị agụmakwụkwọ. Nke mbụ e bipụtara na 1694, Serious Proposal to the Ladies for the Advancement of their True and Greatest Interest  gosipụtara atụmatụ maka kọleji ụmụ nwanyị niile ebe ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịchụso ndụ nke uche.  Kọleji mbụ ghọtara atụmatụ Astell bụ Whitelands College, kọleji ọzụzụ ndị nkuzi ụmụ nwanyị nke Church of England's National Society meghere na 1841 ma kemgbe 2004 akụkụ nke Mahadum Roehampton. Whitelands sochiri kọleji abụọ dị na London, Queen's College na 1848 na Bedford College na 1849. Queen's College tolitere ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha ụmụ nwanyị na Bedford College ghọrọ akụkụ nke Mahadum London tupu ọ jikọta ya na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị ọzọ.  Nke mbụ n'ime kọleji ụmụ nwanyị Cambridge, Girton, nke mepere na 1869 na mbụ na Hitchin, na-ekwu na ọ bụ kọleji mbụ obibi na Britain na-enye ụmụ nwanyị mmụta ogo ogo.[1]  Somerville na Lady Margaret Hall na Oxford mepere na 1879.

Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị dị ugbu a:

 Murray Edwards College, Cambridge (e guzobere 1954, nke bụbu New Hall) 
 Newnham College, Cambridge (e guzobere 1871) 

Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị n'oge gara aga:

 Bedford College, London (e guzobere 1849, ghọrọ co-educational 1965) 
 Bishop Otter College, ugbu a Mahadum Chichester (e guzobere 1873, ghọrọ co-educational 1957) 
 Digby Stuart College, Mahadum Roehampton (e guzobere 1874, ghọrọ co-educational 1971) 
 Froebel College, Mahadum Roehampton (e guzobere 1892, ghọrọ co-educational 1965) 
 Girton College, Cambridge (e guzobere 1869, ghọrọ co-educational 1976) 
 Hughes Hall, Cambridge (e guzobere 1885, ghọrọ co-educational 1973) 
 Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford (e guzobere 1878, ghọrọ co-educational 1979) 
 Royal Holloway, Mahadum nke London (e guzobere 1879, ghọrọ co-educational 1965) 
 St Aidan's College, Durham (e guzobere na 1947, ghọrọ co-educational 1981) 
 St Anne's College, Oxford (e guzobere 1879, ghọrọ co-educational 1979) 
 St Hild's College, Durham (e guzobere 1858, jikọtara ya iji guzobe kọleji agụmakwụkwọ 1975) 
 St Hilda's College, Oxford (e guzobere 1893, ghọrọ co-educational 2008) 
 St Hugh's College, Oxford (e guzobere 1886, ghọrọ co-educational 1986) 
 St Mary's College, Durham (e guzobere 1899, ghọrọ co-educational 2005) 
 Somerville College, Oxford (e guzobere 1879, ghọrọ co-educational 1994) 
 Southlands College, Mahadum Roehampton (e guzobere 1872, ghọrọ co-educational 1965) 
 Trevelyan College, Durham (e guzobere na 1966, ghọrọ co-educational 1992) 
 Westfield College, London (e guzobere 1882, ghọrọ co-educational 1964) 
 Whitelands College, Mahadum Roehampton (e guzobere 1841, ghọrọ co-educational 1965) 
 Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge (e guzobere n'afọ 1965, ghọrọ ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na 2020) 

 United States 

 Akụkọ mmalite 

Kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na United States bụ ihe sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ụmụ nwanyị na-ewu ewu na mmalite ruo n'etiti narị afọ nke 19, nke a na-akpọ "academies" ma ọ bụ "seminaries.Dị ka Irene Harwarth, et al.,[1] si kwuo, "E hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji ụmụ nwanyị n'etiti etiti na ngwụsị narị afọ nke 19 na nzaghachi maka mkpa agụmakwụkwọ dị elu maka ụmụ nwanyị n'oge a na-anabataghị ha n'ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.  ."  Ọ bụ ezie na enwere kọleji ole na ole (dịka Oberlin College tọrọ ntọala na 1833, Mahadum Lawrence na 1847, Antioch College na 1853, na Bates College na 1855), ọtụtụ kọleji na mahadum ndị dị elu n'oge ahụ bụ nanị maka ụmụ nwoke.

Ndị na-akatọ seminarị ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ kewara n'ìgwè abụọ. Òtù mgbanwe ahụ, gụnyere Emma Willard, chere na seminarị chọrọ mgbanwe site na "ịkwalite nkuzi nke isi ihe agụmakwụkwọ. " Ndị ọzọ chere na seminarụ ezughi oke, na-atụ aro "ụlọ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide - kọleji ụmụ nwanyị - ka a tọọ ntọala, n'etiti ha, Catharine E. Beecher. Na True Remedy for the Wrongs of Women (1851),  Beecher na-ekwu otú " seminarị na-enweghị ike isi nye onyinye zuru ezu, ụlọ, na ọbá akwụkwọ; ụlọ ọrụ nke ọ bụ ime atụmatụ ya 

Onye ọzọ a ma ama bụ Mary Lyon (1797-1849), onye guzobere Mount Holyoke College, onye ndị ọgbọ ya gụnyere Sarah Pierce (Litchfield Female Academy, 1792); Catharine Beecher (Hartford Female Seminary, 1823); Zilpah P. Grant Banister (Ipswich Female Seminory, 1828); George Washington Doane (St. Mary's Hall, 1837 nke a na-akpọ Doane Academy ugbu a). Tupu o guzobe Mount Holyoke, Lyon nyere aka na mmepe nke Hartford Female Seminary na Ipswich Female Seminari. O tinyekwara aka n'ịmepụta Wheaton Female Seminary (nke bụzi Wheaton College, Massachusetts) na 1834. 

 Njikọ Kọleji Ụmụ nwanyị 
Women's College Coalition bụ njikọ nke kọleji na mahadum ụmụ nwanyị (nke nwere ụfọdụ ndị na-ekiri / ndị sonyere site na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị / ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọrịtandrị) nke dị afọ abụọ na anọ, ma nke ọha na eze ma nke onwe, okpukpe na nke ụwa. E guzobere ya na 1972, n'oge "Civil Rights Movement", "Women's Rights Movement" na Title IX, yana mgbanwe nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ na teknụzụ na 1960s wetara mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba na United States. Mgbanwe ọha na eze ndị a na-etinye nrụgide na-arịwanye elu nke "enweghị mmasị" na echiche na echiche "nke ochie" na-etinye echiche nke "agụmakwụkwọ nwoke na nwanyị" maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke n'ụzọ kachasị njọ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ya. Na mgbakwunye, ọnọdụ agụmakwụkwọ gbanwere n'ụzọ dị egwu dị ka ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị niile bụ ụmụ nwoke (ma nkeonwe / nke onwe yana ọha) yana kọleji, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndị ọrụ gọọmentị manyere ma ọ bụ na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bịara ọmụmụ ka ha bụrụ ndị nkuzi, si otú ahụ na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ọtụtụ.  nhọrọ agụmakwụkwọ karịa.  N'otu oge ahụ na mgbanwe ndị yiri nke ahụ na-amanye na ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị, ma ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nkeonwe na nke ọha na eze yana kọleji / mahadum, manyere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ agbọghọ ka ha kwakọta.  Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1970s, ndebanye aha ụmụ nwanyị na kọleji karịrị nke ụmụ nwoke na, taa, ụmụ nwanyị mejupụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke undergraduates (57% na mba) na kọleji / mahadum.  Ụmụ nwanyị na-enweta akara ugo mmụta mahadum dị mma karịa ka ụmụ nwoke na-enweta, ma yikwara ka ụmụ nwoke gụchaa mahadum..

N'ime ọtụtụ afọ gara aga, Women's College Coalition na-eme nnyocha banyere uru nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ụmụ nwanyị na / ma ọ bụ agụmakwụkwọ kọleji na narị afọ nke 21. N'ịdabere na nchọpụta nke National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) na Hardwick-Day mere na ọkwa afọ ojuju n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị na ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ, yana Association of American Colleges and Universities, NAICU na ndị ọzọ, Njikọ ahụ na-eme ihe maka agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị na kọlejinị ụmụ nwanyị maka ụmụ akwụkwọ, ezinụlọ, ndị na-eme iwu na ndị na-emepụta echiche, mgbasa ozi, ndị were mmadụ n'ozuzu.

 Kọleji na mahadum ụmụ nwanyị na North America 


 Hụkwa 

 Agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na United States
 Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke agụmakwụkwọ ka elu na United States

 Kọleji ụmụ nwoke
 Kọleji ụmụ nwoke na United States
 Mmụta nwoke na nwanyị
 Mmụta nwoke na nwanyị

 Ntụaka 

 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 

 Faragher, John Mack, na Florence Howe, eds. Ụmụ nwanyị na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke America: edemede sitere na Mount Holyoke College Sesquicentennial  (1988) onlinen'ịntanetị

 Horowitz, Helen Lefkowitz (1993) [1984]. Alma Mater: Nhazi na Ahụmahụ na kọleji ụmụ nwanyị site na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na itoolu ruo n'afọ ndị 1930 (. Alfred A. Knopf, NY (1984); Mahadum Massachusetts Press. ISBN 0585083665

 MacDonald, Sara Z. University Women - A History of Women and Higher Education in Canada (McGill-Queen's University Press. 2021) 

 Rowold, Katharina The Educated Woman: Minds, Bodies, and Women's Higher Education in Britain, Germany, and Spain, 1865-1914 (Routledge, 2009).

 Òtù Ọrụ nke Ụlọ Akụ̀ Ụwa na agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na ọha mmadụ. Agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na mba ndị na-emepe emepe: Ihe ize ndụ na nkwa (World Bank. 2000) 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Na-akwụsị kọleji ụmụ nwanyị, ka ụmụ akwụkwọ Oxbridge si kwuo
 Gịnị ka e ji mee kọleji ụmụ nwanyị? - Deepti Priya Mehrotra, boloji.com
 Mgbe ụmụ nwanyị anaghị ekwu okwu... - Jaya Indiresan, The Hindu Business LineUsoro Azụmaahịa Hindu
 Ndị isi kọleji ụmụ nwanyị site na gburugburu ụwa na-ezukọ iji kwurịta "Olileanya na Nrọ ụmụ nwanyị"
 US News&World Report Rankings

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations