Echiche nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi: Egwú

Ozizi nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi: Egwu bụ egwu egwu nke Eylon Levy, Ramin Sabi, Tommy Peto na Toby Huelin dere. N'ịbụ onye a na-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka "njem njem oge site na afọ 2,500 nke nkà ihe ọmụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị", egwu ahụ na-akọ akụkọ akụkọ ifo nke ederede A Theory of Justice (1971), akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma oge ochie nke onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America bụ John Rawls..

Egwu a malitere na Oxford's Keble O'Reilly Theatre na Jenụwarị 2013 wee maliteghachi ya maka Ememme Edinburgh Fringe n'August 2013, bụ ebe ahọpụtara ya maka onyinye anọ n'ụdị egwu kacha mma, akwụkwọ kacha mma, egwu kacha mma na egwu kacha mma. 1] N'afọ 2018, ewepụtara ụdị nke emegharịrị maka ịgụgharị ya na London's West End. E wepụtara ụda ihe nkedo gọọmentị na Mee 2019.

Egwu na-eso John Rawls na njem site na oge iji nweta mkpali maka A Theory of Justice site na ukwe nke ịbụ abụ na ịgba egwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, gụnyere Plato, Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, Mill, Wollstonecraft, Marx na Kant.[1]. Ka ọ na-achụso mmasị ịhụnanya ya, nwa akwụkwọ mara mma aha ya bụ Fairness, Rawls na-eyi egwu site n'aka onye ọkà ihe ọmụma libertarian Robert Nozick na onye hụrụ ya n'anya Ayn Rand, bụ ndị na-akpa nkata ịkwụsị Rawls na-ede echiche redistributionist nke ikpe ziri ezi.

Nwa nwanyị John Rawls bụ Liz toro egwu ahụ dị ka "zuru oke" na "ihe ịtụnanya na ihe omimi" mgbe ọ kiriri mmepụta nke Edinburgh Fringe Festival, na-ekwu na ọ "karịrị atụmanya ọ bụla". 

 Nkọwa 

 Omume nke Mbụ 
N'azụ mkpuchi nke amaghị ihe, Immanuel Kant na-ekwe nkwa ịgwa ndị na-ege ntị akụkọ egwu egwu nke afọ 2,000 gbasara ikpe ziri ezi ("Overture"). Na Mahadum Harvard na 1971, ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere obi ụtọ ịgbanwe ụwa mana ha chere na nkà ihe ọmụma enweghị isi ("Harvard Yard!"). John Rawls, malite ụbọchị mbụ ya dị ka onye prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma Harvard na-eto eto, ghọtara na ọ chọrọ nnukwu echiche ya iji kpalie ha ("Achọrọ m Theory"). Ọ na-ahụ n'anya ngwa ngwa na nwa akwụkwọ mara mma nke na-enye ya ihe ngosi, ọ na-akpọkwa ya Fairness ("Justice as Fairness"). Ka ọ dị ugbu a, onye isi Rawls, onye mmehie Robert Nozick, kpebiri ide echiche nke ya ("Nozick Needs a Theory") - nkà ihe ọmụma libertarian iji belata ọrụ nke steeti, nke Rawls na-atụ egwu na ọ ga-emerụ ndị ogbenye ahụ ("Mba, Mba. Mba, Nozick). Site na strok nke chioma, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-emeghe oge vortex na Harvard Yard ("Ọ bụ Vortex") na Fairness dara ya. Rawls na-awụda na vortex iji chekwaa ihe ngosi ya wee zute ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma oge ochie maka mkpali ("M ga-enwe Theory!").

Robert Nozick laghachiri n'ụlọ onye ọ hụrụ n'anya, onye ọjọọ Ayn Rand. Ha ghọtara na Rawls na-anwa ide echiche nke ịha nhata nke ga-akwalite nkesa akụ na ụba, Nozick kpebikwara ịchụso Rawls iji kwụsị ya.

Ikpe ziri ezi rutere na Gris oge ochie, ebe onye ọkà ihe ọmụma na-enweghị isi Zeno na-enye ohere ịkpọrọ ya gaa n'ihu nwoke maara ihe nke nwere ike inyere ya aka ịlaghachi n'ụlọ, ha na-aga ebe ahụ na obere nzọụkwụ. Rawls tetara ma kpọga ya na Piraeus, ụlọ mmanya nwoke na nwoke nke Atens oge ochie, ka ọ na-ele onye na-ese ihe nkiri Plato na onye na-eme ihe nkiri ya Socrates ("Philosophy on a Plato").

Rawls na-anwa n'efu ịmasị Fairness site n'ịkatọ Republic ("What Plato Is Ignoring" / "What I Love About His Theory"), ọ hapụrụ.  Fairness na-abụ abụ banyere nkụda mmụọ ya n'ihi enweghị ike ịchọta nwoke hụrụ ya n'anya maka echiche ya ("My Philosopher-King").

N'oge Agha Obodo England, Thomas Hobbes na John Locke na-asọ mpi maka ịchịkwa site na agha rap ("The State of Nature"), nke Rawls na-anwa ime ka ọ bụrụ onye ogbugbo ("Rebuke of Hobbes and Locke"). Ndị òtù ndị omempụ tọọrọ Fairness, mana Rawls zọpụtara ya site n'ịgba ha ụbụrụ ("The Fairest Girl"). Ikpe ziri ezi jụrụ ọganihu ya ọzọ wee pụọ. Ọ ghọtara na Rawls nwere ike ịbụ nwoke ọ na-achọ ("My Philosopher-King (reprise) ") ma kweta inye ya ohere.

N'otu obodo Switzerland nke narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, Rawls na Fairness napụtara louche lothario Jean-Jacques Rousseau n'agbụ ya, Rousseau wee rata Fairness ozugbo ("Man Was Born Free"). Nozick yiri ka ọ na-egbochi mbọ Rawls, Fairness na Rousseau gbapụrụ mgbe Rawls na-agbaghaghị ya.

Nozick kpebisiri ike ide echiche nke ya iji mee ka Rawls pụta n'elu ikpo okwu ("Nozick: Mgbe m na-ede echiche m"), mana ọganihu nwayọ nke Ayn Rand nwere nkụda mmụọ. Ọ na-eyi egwu na ịhụnanya ya n'ebe ọ nọ dabere na mmeri ya na Rawls, na-eduga n'egwuregwu tango na-adọrọ adọrọ nke na-eme ka Act I Finale ("Ị ga-abụ onye na-achọ naanị ọdịmma onwe ya") na ndị otu ahụ.

 Nkebi nke Abụọ 
Nozick mechara chepụta echiche nnwere onwe nke ya nke na-arụ ụka megide nkesa akụ na ụba gọọmentị ("Nozick's Theory of Justice"), nke ụmụ agbọghọ abụọ na-agba egwú, Transfer and Acquisition nyere aka. Fairness na-akwa arịrị na Rousseau ghọgburu ya ("My Philosopher King (reprise 2) ") ma onye edemede ụmụ nwanyị Mary Wollstonecraft kasiri ya obi.N'okporo ụzọ Victorian, Rawls na-eru uju zutere Utilitarian Barbershop Quartet, otu ndị na-eme njem na-abụ abụ iji mee ka ndị mmadụ nwee obi ụtọ. Fairness na-enye aka inyere Rawls aka ide echiche ya mana iwe were ya n'ihi na ọ jụrụ iwere echiche ya n'ụzọ siri ike ("Woman Was Not Born Free"). Ọ na-akpọ ndị enyi ọhụrụ ya na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị ka ha gwa ya banyere mkpa olu ụmụ nwanyị na ikike ụmụ nwanyị dị na egwu jazz nke Mary Wollstonecraft duziri, nke onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị bụ Emmeline Pankhurst na onye na-ahụkarị ụmụ nwanyị bụ Millicent Fawcett ("Break Out Your Gilded Cage") kwadoro. Ikpe ziri ezi na-agba ọsọ ọzọ.

N'otu ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè a gbahapụrụ agbahapụ na dystopian America, Ayn Rand kpughere na ọ na-eme njem n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na-adọta ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma dị iche iche (gụnyere Martin Luther, Alexander Hamilton, na Adam Smith) iji bulie ma ọ bụ bibie ọrụ ha na onye ngosi dị ike ("The Leading Lady").

Rawls nwere obi nkoropụ ("M ga-abụ nnukwu onye na-eche echiche") zutere Karl Marx, nwoke na-enweghị ebe obibi, onye na-eme ka ọ daa mbà n'obi. Ọ na-atụle ịhapụ, mana kama ọ na-ekpebi ide echiche ya pụtara ịlaghachi na square otu na Nọmba elekere iri na otu nke ihe ngosi ahụ ("Chefuo ya niile"). Rawls' magburu onwe ya "Gottmutter" Immanuel Kant rutere ịgba ya ume ka ọ ghara ịda mbà ma nye ya ihe mgbaàmà iji mezue echiche ya ("Ị bụ Onye nwere ọgụgụ isi").

N'ịbụ onye Kant kpaliri, Rawls chepụtara Ihe mkpuchi nke amaghị ihe ("Ihe mkpuchi nke enweghị ihe ọmụma"). Ọ chọtara Fairness tọrọ n'azụ Veil, mana ọ jụrụ ịpụ ruo mgbe ọ kọwara ihe ikpe ziri ezi bụ. Nozick yiri egwu ịgba Rawls égbè mana o nyere ya ohere igosi echiche ya ("The Principles of Justice"). Rand rutere iji mechaa Rawls na ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma ndị ọzọ, ebe o mere ka ha kwenye na Rawls na-emegide echiche ha. Rawls mere ka ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma kwenye na ọ chịkọtara ọrụ ha kachasị mma ("Historical Synthesis"). A na-aghọgbu ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma ka ha daa n'azụ Ihe Nkpuchi nke Enweghị Ihe Ọmụma ma na-agbakọta na ụkpụrụ ikpe ziri ezi nke Rawls, na-akwado echiche ya ("The Formal Principles of Justice").

Ikpe ziri ezi na-akwagharị Rand n'azụ Veil, ọ na-apụkwa n'anya, n'ihi na o chefuru ihe gbasara ya, "ọ dịghị ihe fọdụrụ na ya". Nozick na-apụ, na-ekwe nkwa ịlaghachi n'ime afọ atọ na echiche nke ya. Ikpe ziri ezi na Rawls mechara susuo ọnụ ("Anyị nwere Echiche").

 Ọnụ ọgụgụ egwú 

Edere egwu ahụ maka otu egwu isii, gụnyere reeds, keyboard, percussion, guitar, na bass.

 Ihe odide 

 Ndị na-eduga 

 John Rawls, prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma Harvard na-eto eto na dike nwere nnwere onwe
 Fairness, nwa akwụkwọ mara mma nke Harvard na muse Rawls
 Robert Nozick, onye na-eme ihe ike na prọfesọ Harvard
 Ayn Rand, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma Objectivist na onye Nozick hụrụ n'anya

 Ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma bụ isi 
Eylon Levy, onye na-emepụta ihe nrite Olivier na Tony Award Ramin Sabi,  na Tommy Peto  - ụmụ akwụkwọ na-agụsị akwụkwọ na Nkà ihe ọmụma, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba na Mahadum Oxford dere akwụkwọ ahụ, okwu na egwu ahụ. Ọ bụ Toby Huelin,  nwa akwụkwọ egwu Oxford, dere egwu, na nhazi ndị ọzọ.

Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ kwupụtara n'ajụjụ ọnụ na egwu ahụ "malitere n'ezie dị ka ihe ọchị, mana mgbe ahụ ọ banyere na mmepụta zuru oke". Ha dere egwu ahụ "n'ihi na ọ na-ada ka echiche na-atọ ọchị nke ukwuu iji nyefee", ma mgbe ha na-egwuri egwu na ụfọdụ egwu na piano na njakịrị, ha "achọpụta na nke a nwere ike ịbụ egwu ọhụrụ na-akpali akpali, obi ike na nke na-atọ ụtọ".

Ndị edemede kọwara A Theory of Justice: The Musical! dị ka "obi dị mfe, ire-na-achị ọchị, ogige na ọgụgụ isi miri emi mgbakwunye na usoro ihe nkiri egwu",  yana "enweghị nsọpụrụ na onye na-eleda onwe ya anya". Ha kwuru na ọ "dabere nke ukwuu na Broadway ọdịnala, ụdị egwu Disney" ma na-akọwa ụdị egwu ahụ. [2] Onye edemede Eylon Levy kpughere na egwu ahụ "na-esikarị na nkà ihe ọmụma n'onwe ya", nakwa na ndị edemede jiri usoro nke ederede nkà ihe ọmụma, dị ka Social Contraau.

 2013 mbụ Oxford mmepụta 
Echiche nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi: Egwú! nwere ihe ngosi mbu n'ụwa niile na Keble O'Reilly Theatre nke nwere oche 180 n'Oxford, 30 Jenụwarị - 2 Febụwarị 2013,  ma dị ka ndị na-emepụta ihe si kwuo, ha mebiri ihe ndekọ ụlọ ọrụ maka ụlọ ihe nkiri ụmụ akwụkwọ Oxford.  Ọ bụ ndị edemede Sabi na Levy mepụtara ya maka DEM Productions, nke Esmé Hicks duziri  na Dana Mills duziri ya, na nduzi egwu nke onye na-ede egwu Toby Huelin. Iji mepụta oge vortex, mmepụta ahụ jiri "nnukwu mmefu ego ọkụ" maka ihe ngosi na O'Reilly Theatre.

Egwú ahụ nwetara nyocha dị egwu. Onye ọkà ihe ọmụma Nigel Warburton kpọrọ ya "nke magburu onwe ya: nke na-atọ ọchị, nke nwere ọgụgụ isi, na nke miri emi", na-ekwu na ọ "na-eti mkpu na ọchị ruo ihe ka ukwuu n'awa abụọ". Cherwell nyere egwu ahụ kpakpando ise, na-akpọ ya "n'ụzọ dị egwu, nke na-atọ ụtọ... ma na-atọ ọchị ma na-akụzi ihe, egwu dị ịrịba ama n'ezie. Ị ga-abụ onye nzuzu ịhapụ ya. "  Nnyocha na Oxford Theatre Review kpọrọ egwu ahụ "nke magburu onwe ya" na "nke na-atọ egwu, nke ọma na-agbanye okwu nkà ihe ọmụma dị mgbagwoju anya... n'ọrụ dị ka nri na-atọatọ ọchị. Philosophy Now dere, sị: "A Theory of Justice na-ejikọta abụ na-atọ ọchị na ọla edo na-atọ ụtọ na ọgụgụ isi ziri ezi, na-akpata ọrụ nke dị elu ma na-atọ egwu".  The Philosophers' Magazine dere, sị: "[Ọ] mere ka m chịa ọchị ruo mgbe anya mmiri na-agba n'ihu m na ntì m na-egbu mgbu... Ọ na-atọ ọchị!" Otu onye na-ede blọgụ kọwara egwu ahụ dị ka "ihe kachasị mma ịpụta na nzere PPE nke Mahadum Oxford kemgbe PPE na ntanetị Twitter".  

Ndị na-enyocha ihe nkiri ahụ toro uru agụmakwụkwọ nke egwu ahụ, na nyocha na Philosophy Magazine kwuru, sị: "Ihe nkiri ndị a niile bụ ndị a maara nke ọma na ndị a kọwara na mbụ nke na, yana ịbụ ndị na-atọ ọchị, ha nwere ezigbo uru nkuzi... Ịmepụta ihe nwere ma eziokwu nke nkà ihe ọmụma na ezigbo ihe ọchị abụghị ihe ọjọọ, ma [ndị edemede] jisiri ike dee edemede nke nwere ha abụọ, site na bọket".

 2013 Edinburgh Fringe Festival revival 
Echiche nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi: Egwú! e mere ka ọ dịghachi ndụ maka Edinburgh Fringe Festival, na-agba ọsọ site na 31 Julaị ruo 26 Ọgọst 2013 na C Venues .  DEM Productions mepụtara mweghachi ahụ site na iji otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị ọrụ, na obere mgbanwe. Mbilite n'ọnwụ nke Edinburgh gụnyere abụ ọhụrụ: "My Philosopher-King", abụ ịhụnanya maka Fairness.

A họpụtara egwu ahụ maka Best Musical, Best Book, Best Lyrics na Best Music na Musical Theatre Network Awards . 

FringeGuru.com kọwara A Theory of Justice: The Musical! dị ka "onye dị ịtụnanya, onye nwere obi ike, onye isi mgbaka, onye nwere ọgụgụ isi, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye mara mma mgbe niile". Onye nyocha Chris Grady dere, "Anọ m nọdụ ala na-ekiri A Theory of Justice na-agbalịsi ike icheta onye dere ya... Naanị mgbe m hapụrụ... ka m ghọtara na nke a bụ ọrụ ọhụrụ, nke mbụ. "  EdFringeReview.com kọwara egwu ahụ dị ka "ma eleghị anya egwu kachasị mma ịghara iwere ihe ngosi a n'ụzọ siri ike ebe ọ bụ na o yiri ka ọ naghị ewere onwe ya n'ụzọ dị egwu... ihe ntụrụndụ na nke mbụ. Nnyocha na BroadwayBaby.com kpọrọ ya "egwú na-atọ ọchị ma na-enye ihe ọmụma... nke nwere oké ọchịchọ na obi ike".  Otu onye nyocha maka The Flaneur dere, sị: "Nke a bụ ihe mgbidi Edinburgh kwesịrị ịdị ka... nkà ihe ọmụma nwere ihu ọchị n'ihu ya, na-eme conga site n'akụkọ ihe mere eme".

 2018 London West End ọmụmụ ihe 
N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2018, onye ntụzi ihe nrite Josh Seymour [1] ji ihe nkedo nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri West End, gụnyere Matthew Seadon-Young [2] dị ka John Rawls na Alex Young[3] dị ka Ayn Rand. Emebere ya maka ihe ngosi abụọ na ụlọ ihe nkiri Arts nke oche 350 na London's West End na 19 February 2018.[5] Ụdị a rụgharịrị gụnyere ọtụtụ egwu ọhụrụ, gụnyere nnukwu Act I final na medley, egwu villain ọhụrụ maka Ayn Rand ("The Leading Lady"), na ballad ike maka John Rawls ("Chefuo Ya niile").

 Ihe ndị na-eme n'oge na-adịghị anya 
Cardiff 2015

A Theory of Justice: The Musical! nwetara ihe ngosi Welsh ya na Mahadum Cardiff n'oge opupu ihe ubi 2015.[1] Cardiffian kpọrọ egwu egwu ahụ "ihe ngosi nzuzu, oke egwu na egwu egwu" nke "na-akọwa nkà ihe ọmụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-adịghị mma na mkparịta ụka cheeky, egwu na-atọ ụtọ na ihe nkiri sexy", na-akọwa edemede ahụ dị ka "na-atọ ọchị".".

 Onyinye na nhọpụta 

 2013 Edinburgh Fringe Festival revival 
AfọEmeme NriteỤdịOnye a họpụtaraNsonaazụ2013WhatsOnStage/Musical Theatre Network AwardEgwú Kasị Mma Akwụkwọ Kasị Mma Egwú Kasị Mma Abụ Kasị Mma 

 Hụkwa 

 Echiche nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi

 Ebem si dee 

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations