César Manrique

César Manrique Cabrera ( ma ọ bụ [ ˈsesaɾ manˈrike ] ) (24 Eprel 1919 – 25 Septemba 1992)  bụ onye na-ese ihe na Spen, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-akwado okike sitere na Lanzarote, nke a ma ama maka ọrụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke o tinyere aka dị ka onye ntụzi nka n'agwaetiti ya. 

 Ndụ mbido 
A mụrụ Manrique na Arrecife, Lanzarote, otu n'ime agwaetiti Canary . Nna ya Gumersindo Manrique, nke sitere na Fuerteventura, wuru ụlọ ezinụlọ na Caleta de Famara. Manrique n'onwe ya kwuru otu oge ụlọ a na gburugburu ya masịrị ya nke ukwuu.  Ọ lụrụ agha obodo Spain dị ka onye ọrụ afọ ofufo na ngalaba ogbunigwe n'akụkụ Franco. Ọ gara Mahadum La Laguna ka ọ mụọ ụkpụrụ ụlọ, mana mgbe afọ abụọ gachara ọ kwụsịrị akwụkwọ ya.

 Ọrụ 
Ọ kwagara Madrid na 1945 wee nweta akwụkwọ mmụta maka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Art nke San Fernando, bụ ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka onye nkụzi nke nkà na eserese. N'agbata 1964 na 1966 o biri na New York City, ebe onyinye sitere na Nelson Rockefeller nyere ya ohere ịgbazite ụlọ ihe nkiri nke ya. Ọ na-ese ọtụtụ ọrụ na New York, nke e gosipụtara na gallery "Catherine Viviano" a ma ama. 

Manrique laghachiri Lanzarote na 1966. Mgbe ọ lọtara, o bu n'obi ịmalite ógbè ndị na-ese ihe n'àgwàetiti ahụ.  Pepín Ramírez, enyi nwoke nke Manrique nakwa onye isi oche nke agwaetiti ahụ  nyeere Manrique aka ịghọta echiche a. César Manrique gara n'ihu na-egosipụta ọdịdị ala pụrụ iche na palette agba nke Lanzarote na nka ya na ihe owuwu dị n'agwaetiti ahụ. E wezụga ịga n'ihu n'ọrụ nka nke onwe ya, Manrique nwetara nlebara anya nke ukwuu site na ntinye aka ya ichebe Lanzarote site na ihe ọ weere dị ka mmepe njem nlegharị anya. Manrique emegideghị njem nlegharị anya n'àgwàetiti ahụ. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, o chere na njem nlegharị anya (dị elu) kwesịrị ịbụ injin akụ na ụba nke agwaetiti ahụ. 

Ihe nketa ya na agwaetiti ahụ gụnyere nka, omenala na ebe nlegharị anya na Jameos del Agua (1963–87); Ụlọ mgbawa ugwu ya, Taro de Tahiche (1968); ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na Castillo de San José eweghachiri na Arrecife (1976); ndị ọbịa center na Timanfaya National Park (1971); Ụlọ Palm Grove ya na Haria (1986); Mirador del Rio (1973), na Jardin de Cactus na Guatiza . O nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ụkpụrụ atụmatụ na Lanzarote na-esochi nnabata ya maka ikike njem nlegharị anya ma jiri nke ọma gbaa ume maka mmepe ụlọ ọrụ na-adigide.  Otu akụkụ nke nke a bụ mmachibido iwu nke ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ndị dị elu n'àgwàetiti ahụ, nke na-adabaghị na nkwekọ dị mma nke kwesịrị ikpuchi àgwàetiti ahụ dum, dị ka Manrique si kwuo.  Ụlọ ndị ahụ dị elu e wuru tupu mmachibido iwu ahụ na-adaberekarị na iji agba ọdịnala na-achọ mma na mpụga ha. A na-agba ndị nwe ụlọ ume ka ha chebe ịdị n'otu a na-ahụ anya site n'ime ka mpụta nke ụlọ ahụ na-acha ọcha (nke nwere agba ụfọdụ maka ọrụ osisi).
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px| Nnukwu mgbidi dị n'èzí ụlọ ya, na mpaghara isi mmiri
Manrique nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọ ala na Tahíche, Teguise, nke dị nso na Fundación, ụlọ ya Lanzarote, na 1992. Ọ gbara afọ 73. 

 Ụlọ ọrụ César Manrique Foundation 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|265x265px| Egwuregwu ikuku nke César Manrique
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px| Otu n'ime oghere ndị e kere n'ime afụ mgbawa ugwu
Ewubere ntọala César Manrique na 1982 site n'aka César Manrique na otu ndị enyi mana emegheghị ya n'ihu ọha ruo 1992 ka Manrique nwụsịrị. Ntọala ahụ, dabere n'ụlọ Manrique, mgbe ọ kwagara n'otu ụlọ dị n'ebe ugwu nke agwaetiti ahụ, bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe, nke anaghị akwụ ụgwọ iji nye ndị njem nleta ohere ịbanye n'ụlọ Manrique.  Ntọala ahụ bụkwa ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke gosipụtara nka nke Manrique n'onwe ya mebere yana Art nke ọ nwetara n'oge ndụ ya. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ gụnyere ihe osise mbụ nke Pablo Picasso na Joan Miró . Ego ntọala na-enweta site na ire tiketi na-aga n'ịkwalite mmata banyere nka nke Lanzarote, yana iji kwado ntọala ntọala "ọrụ nka, omenala na gburugburu ebe obibi".

Ewubere ụlọ Manrique n'onwe ya n'ime oghere 3,000 m 2, na saịtị nke mgbawa Lanzarote na narị afọ nke 18, ma emebere ya mgbe Manrique si New York City lọta na 1966. Emebere ụlọ ndị dị n'ala mbụ, gụnyere ụlọ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri, na ebumnuche idobe ọdịnala Lanzarote, ma na-eme ka ha bụrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na oghere mepere emepe na nnukwu windo. "Ala ala", nke akpọrọ nke ọma nke ọma "okpuru ala", nwere mpaghara ise dị n'ime afụ ugwu mgbawa, ụlọ ndị ahụ na-agwụ ike n'ime basalt mgbawa. Enwere ọgba aghara etiti nke nwere ebe ntụrụndụ, gụnyere ọdọ mmiri, mmanya mmanya na obere ala ịgba egwu.

Ozugbo n'èzí isi ụlọ, onye ọbịa na-abịa n'èzí, ebe e nwere obere square nke nwere isi iyi dị n'etiti tupu ya erute n'obere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na ụlọ ahịa ọbịa. Ebe a bụbu ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala César Manrique.

Otu n'ime isi ọrụ ntọala ahụ bụ imegide mgbasa nke kọmpụta dị elu n'akụkụ oke osimiri Spain na agwaetiti ya. Ntọala ahụ wetara nlebara anya n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ 24 ewuru n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na Lanzarote. Building craze threatens to end Lanzarote's biosphere status The Independent. 7 July 2010

 Hụkwa 

 Ndepụta ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na-alụbeghị di

 Nkwanye ugwu 

 1978 Weltpreis für Ökologie und Tourismus, Berlin, Germany
 1986 Europa Nostra Prize European nzuko omeiwu
 1989 Art Prize, ọchịchị Canarian
 1989 Fritz Schumacher Prize na Mahadum Leibniz Hannover, Germany

 Na-arụ ọrụ 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px| Mirador del Rio
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px| James del Agua
Na Lanzarote:

 Casa / Museo César Manrique (Ụlọ Manrique na ụlọ ihe nkiri dị na Haria, nke nwere ubi mara mma).
 Mirador del Rio (wuru na 1973 na-ele anya n'àgwàetiti agbata obi nke Graciosa ).
 Jameos del Agua (ebe egwuregwu/ụlọ oriri na nkwari abalị maka mmadụ 600 nọ n'ọgba).
 Jardín de Cactus (ebe obibi cactus nwere ihe karịrị 1,100 ụdị cactus dị nso na Guatiza ).
 Taro de Tahiche (Ụlọ Manrique dị nso na Teguise, oche dị ugbu a nke Fundación César Manrique).
 International Museum of Contemporary Arts na Castillo de San José, Arrecife.
 Ubi na ọdọ mmiri nke ụlọ nkwari akụ kpakpando ise Las Salinas na Costa Teguise.
 El triunfador (wuru na 1990 na mpaghara Fundacion César Manrique, ihe ọkpụkpụ).
 Juguetes del viento (wuru na 1992 na Arrieta, igwe igwe).
 El Diablo, akara nke Timanfaya National Park .
 Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ El Diablo (na-eji okpomọkụ mgbawa ọkụ esi nri).

N'èzí Lanzarote:

 Lago Martiánez (1977, nnukwu "ọkara eke" oghere ọdọ mmiri ọdọ mmiri dị na Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife).
 Playa Jardín (akụkụ osimiri mgbawa ugwu na ogige ebe okpomọkụ dị na Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife).
 La Vaguada Shopping Center na Madrid (1983), ụlọ ahịa azụmaahịa mbụ jikọtara nke ọma na gburugburu ebe obibi na Spain.
 La Peña (1989, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na belvedere na El Hierro).
 Mirador del Palmarejo (1989, ebe nlele na La Gomera).
 Ụgbọ ala nka BMW na mmekorita ya na Walter Maurer (1990), Munich, Germany.
 Pavilion Canarian (1992, Expo 92, Seville, Spain).
 Parque Marítimo César Manrique, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife

 Onyonyo agbakwunyere 

 Ntụaka 

 César, Manrique Arquitectura inédita
 Alejandro Scarpa 2023. César Manrique na Lanzarote, ntuziaka dị mkpa. ISBN 979-8392266975 . (Bekee)
 Alejandro Scarpa 2019. César Manrique, acupuntura territorial na Lanzarote . ISBN 978-84-12-00223-2 . (Nbipụta Spanish nwere ntụgharị asụsụ achịkọtara).
 Lancelot Internacional, Especial: César Manrique, Lanzarote, 3. Revisada 1996, Lanzarote. Idiomas: Español, Inglés y Alemán (mmegharị nke atọ 1996, Lanzarote. Asụsụ: Bekee, German na Spanish).

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị nke Cesar Manrique Foundation
 Eserese ihe owuwu na ebe ọrụ Manrique niile na Lanzarote
 https://web.archive.org/web/20240528105702/http://www.cesarmanrique.com/
 360° Panoramic vtour nke Lago Martiánez na ọdọ mmiri
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations