Adrian Piper

Adrian Margaret Smith Piper [1] (amụrụ na Septemba 20, 1948) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na onye ọkà ihe ọmụma Kantian. Ọrụ ya na-akọwa otu na ihe kpatara na ndị na-etinye aka na ihe karịrị otu ịdọ aka ná ntị nwere ike inwe mmechuihu ọkachamara, ndị ọzọ, ịgafe agbụrụ, na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ site n'iji mgbasa ozi ọdịnala na nke na-abụghị omenala kpasuo nyocha onwe onye.  Ọ na-eji ntụgharị uche n'ọrụ nke ya dịka ọmụmaatụ.

Enyere Piper mkpakọrịta na ihe nrite dị iche iche ma kọwaara ya dị ka "nwere mmetụta miri emi na asụsụ na ụdị nka nka."[1]  Na 2002, o hiwere Adrian Piper Research Archive (APRA) na Berlin, Germany, [2] na-elekwasị anya na ntọala nke hiwere na 2009. 

 Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Piper na Septemba 20, 1948, [1] na New York City . [1] [5][6] A zụlitere ya na Manhattan n'ezinụlọ ndị isi ojii nọ n'ọkwá dị elu ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye nke nwere ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọgaranya, ndị ọcha.[7][8] Ọ gụrụ nka na School of Visual Arts [1] ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere onye mmekọ na 1969.[7] Piper gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma na City College of New York [1] wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ summa cum laude na bachelor's na 1974. [1][7] Piper nwetara nzere masta na nkà ihe ọmụma na Mahadum Harvard na 1977 na nzere doctorate ya na 1981, nke John Rawls lekọtara.[1] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Heidelberg . [1] N'oge ọmụmụ nkà ihe ọmụma ya, Piper lekwasịrị anya na Kant's Critique of Pure Reason; mmụọ nsọ a jupụtara na ọrụ nka ya, ọkachasị Food for the Spirit (1971).

N'ime ngwụsị 1960s na mmalite 1970s Piper nwere mmetụta Sol LeWitt na Yvonne Rainer.[7]  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Seth Siegelaub Gallery, mara maka ihe ngosi nka echiche ya, na 1969.[7]  Na 1970, o gosiri na Museum of Modern Art's ngosi ihe ngosi, wee malite ịmụ nkà ihe ọmụma na kọleji.[7]  Piper ekwuola na a chụpụrụ ya n'ụwa nka n'oge a maka agbụrụ ya na mmekọahụ.[7]  Ọrụ ya malitere ileba anya n'ịkpachapụ anya, ndị ọzọ, na àgwà gbasara ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.[N'ajụjụ ọnụ Maurice Berger, nke e bipụtara n'okpuru isiokwu Critique of Pure Racism, Piper kwuputara na ọ bụ ezie na ọ hụrụ nyocha nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ kwesịrị otuto, ọ chọrọ ka ihe osise ya nyere ndị mmadụ aka iche echiche ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ha.

E nyere Piper Ihe nrite nka anya site na National Endowment for the Arts na 1979 na 1982, na Guggenheim Fellowship na 1989. [1] Piper kụziri na Wellesley College, Mahadum Harvard, Mahadum Stanford, Mahadam Michigan, Mahadum Georgetown, na Mahadum California, San Diego.[1] N'afọ 1987,  ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ Africa-America prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma natara ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na United States. [10] Mgbe ọ nọ na ezumike a na-akwụghị ụgwọ na Berlin n'afọ 2008, Wellesley College kwụsịrị ọrụ prọfesọ ya zuru oke n'ihi na ọ jụrụ ịlaghachi na United States mgbe edepụtara ya dị ka "Onye njem a na-enyo enyo" na US Transportation Security Administration Watch List.

Piper gbara alụkwaghịm.[1]  Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Berlin, ebe ọ na-agba ọsọ Adrian Piper Research Archive.  Na 2015, e nyere ya Golden Lion maka onye na-ese ihe kacha mma na ihe ngosi mba ụwa nke Venice Biennale.[1

N'afọ 2017, Piper natara nzere Doctorate of Fine Arts site na Nova Scotia College of Art and Design University . 

 Echiche 
N'afọ 1981, Piper bipụtara edemede akpọrọ "Ideology, Confrontation and Political Self-Awareness", ebe ọ na-atụle echiche ọ na-enyocha site na nka ya. N'ime edemede ya, ọ na-eche echiche nke nyocha onwe onye na nkwenkwe nke na-arụ ọrụ "ịdị iche onwe onye site na onye ọzọ". Nkwenkwe ndị a na-amalite site na ahụmịhe mbụ anyị n'ụwa ma ghara inwe obi abụọ ruo mgbe ha na-awakpo ha nke na-emebi nkwekọrịta, na-ewebata obi abụọ - isi nke nyocha onwe ya. Piper na-ekwu na nkwenkwe anyị na-ejikarị ogologo oge, ma na-ezere ikpughe nyocha, bụ ndị na-enye anyị ohere ịnọgide na-enwe nghọta nke ezi uche dị na ya banyere onye anyị bụ na otu anyị si adị n'ime ụwa n'ozuzu. Ọ na-akọwa na "echiche" ndị a na-abụkarị maka "nzuzu, enweghị mmetụta, ịchọ ọdịmma onwe onye [omume], na-efukarị ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ otu ndị ọzọ."  Piper mechiri edemede ahụ site n'ịgwa ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na ọ bụrụ na ịtụle isi ihe ndị ọ na-ewelite na-eme ka ha mara onwe ha banyere nkwenkwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'obere ogo, ma ọ bụ mee ka ha nwee ọbụna "ntụgharị ntakịrị nke obi abụọ banyere eziokwu nke echiche [ha].  mgbe ahụ [ọ] ga-ewere ibe ya dị ka ihe ịga nke ọma na-ebigbọ."Stiles, Kristine, and Peter Selz. Theories and Documents of Contemporary Art: A Sourcebook of Artists' Writings. 2nd ed. Berkeley: U of California, 2012. 921–924. Print.

Ọrụ Piper dabeere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na nzụlite ya na nkà ihe ọmụma, gụnyere nkà ihe ọmụma ọwụwa anyanwụ. Piper malitere ịmụ ma na-eme yoga na 1965. Site na agụmakwụkwọ ya, ọ nwetara mmasị na omenala yoga nke ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nkà ihe ọmụma Hindu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-ezo aka ma ọ bụ na-etinye kpọmkwem nkà ihe ọmụma ọwụwa anyanwụ na ha, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Mythic Being: Doing Yoga (1975), The Color Wheel Series (2000), na Mokshamudra Progression (2012). Na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya, Piper na-adọta uche na ịrị elu nke yoga na United States, yana ya, mbelata nke ezi ihe ime mmụọ ya. Ọ na-ekwu, "Ma olileanya m dị omimi bụ na ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma ọkachamara na-eleta ibe ndị a ga-emesị were ya n'elu onwe ha ịmalite usoro dị ogologo, nke na-adịghị ngwa nke iweghachi ọdịnala nkà ihe ọmụma nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na nke Ọdịda Anyanwụ, nke ichetara anyị ihe anyị tụfuru - site na iweghachi itinye echiche nke ozizi ahụ n'ọrụ dị ka ihe dị mkpa nke uru nkà ihe ọmụma; site na iweghachite, kwa, echiche mmesapụ aka nke onwe onye na-agafe ego nke nkà ihe ọmụma ọdịda anyanwụ echefu; site na-agbanwe ebe dị mkpa na nghọta nke uto ya na ọgụgụ isi na omume ya na echiche anyị n'etiti echiche anyị.

 Ọrụ 
Na June 1968 e bipụtara ọrụ Piper na 0 ruo 9 magazin, akwụkwọ avant-garde nke nwalere asụsụ na ime ihe ọ pụtara. Ihe mbụ a kpọtụrụ Piper aha dị ka onye na-ese ihe na akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ na Village Voice na Machị 27, 1969, mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ 19. Ọ bụ na nzaghachi maka ihe a na-ewere dị ka ihe ngosi mbụ ya, ọrụ nka ozi ya nke akpọrọ, Three Untitled Projects .  Ndị mmadụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị o zigara ya -by-11-inch (220    akwụkwọ nta ndị mejupụtara mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ depụtara na peeji ikpeazụ dị ka "Ebe ngosi".  Site na ọrụ a, Piper nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ikesa ọrụ ya n'ụzọ nke ya nye ndị na-ege ntị nke ihe karịrị ndị omenkà 150, ndị nlekọta, na ndị na-ere ahịa ọ họọrọ.

 Egwuregwu n'okporo ámá (1970s) 
N'afọ ndị 1970, ọ malitere usoro ihe omume n'okporo ámá n'okpuru aha mkpokọta, Catalysis, nke gụnyere omume ndị dị ka ịcha uwe ya na agba ọcha, na-eyi akara nke na-agụ "Wet Paint", na ịga ụlọ ahịa Macy ịzụ ahịa maka uwe aka.  na ugogbe anya maka anwụ;  na-etinye nnukwu akwa nhicha ọcha n'ọnụ ya na ịnya ụgbọ ala, ụzọ ụgbọ oloko, na ụlọ elu ụlọ elu Empire State;  ma tinye onwe ya n'ime ngwakọta nke mmanya mmanya, àkwá, mmiri ara ehi, na mmanụ imeju imeju wee nọrọ otu izu na-agagharị n'ọdụ ụgbọ oloko New York na ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ.Catalysis VII gụnyere Piper ileta ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, na-ata chịngọm n'olu dara ụda, na ijide obere akpa nke ketchup.  Ihe omume Catalysis bụ iji kpalite ihe ịma aka ndị mejupụtara usoro nke mpaghara ọha, "n'ogo uwe, ịdị ọcha, na ọdịiche dị n'etiti omume ọha na nke onwe."[1].  Okwu ahụ bụ "catalysis" na-akọwa mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nke onye na-ahụ maka catalytic kpatara nke na-agbanweghị agbanwe, Piper lere mmeghachi omume ndị na-ege ya ntị anya dị ka onye na-emetụtaghị  ya.

Usoro Piper's Mythic Being, nke malitere na 1973, hụrụ onye na-ese ihe na-eyi wig na afụ ọnụ ma na-eme ihe n'ihu ọha dị ka "ụwa nke atọ, ndị na-arụ ọrụ, nwoke na-emegide onwe ya". 

N'afọ 2013, NYU's Grey Art Gallery gbara eserese sitere na ọrụ Piper's 1973, Mythic Being, na ihe ngosi ya nke isiokwu ya bụ "Radical Presence: Black Performance in Contemporary Art".  Piper jụrụ nsonye ahụ, ma rịọ ka ewepụrụ ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi ahụ n'ihi na ntinye ya na-eme ka ndị na-ese ihe na-abụghị ndị ọcha pụta ìhè ma na-emegidekwa echiche ọ lụrụ ọgụ iji kpalie ndị na-ekiri ya.

Piper nọrọ oge okpomọkụ nke 1971 n'ụlọ elu ya na New York City.  N'oge a, ọ na-agụ Immanuel Kant Critique of Pure Reason (1781).  Ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ a ka ọ na-eme ihe omume dị iche iche.  Ihe omume ndị dị otú ahụ bụ yoga, ibu ọnụ na ide ihe.  Otú ọ dị, ahụmahụ ya ịgụ nke a mere ka ọ nwee mmetụta na ya na-enwezi njikọ na ahụ ya na ọ na-apụ n'anya.  O kere ọrụ nri maka mmụọ iji gbochie mmetụta a.  Iji rụọ ọrụ ahụ, ọ na-ese foto onwe ya site n'oge ruo n'oge n'ihu enyo ma na-agụ akụkụ ụfọdụ nke akwụkwọ ahụ mere ka o nwee mmetụta a.  Ọrụ ndị a nwere mbipụta ọla ọcha 14 nke gelatin dị ka akụkụ nke ihe nkedoa.   

 Ihe mmụta Funk (1980s) 
N'agbata afọ 1982 na 1984, Piper haziri usoro mmemme a kpọsara dị ka nkuzi Funk, nke kpọrọ ndị sonyere ka ha mụta maka ụdị ịgba egwu, omenala, na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu funk.  Piper chọtara mgbọrọgwụ nke funk na egwu agbụrụ Africa wee hụ ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa na ọnụnọ na-eto eto nke ndị omenaala ojii na America na mgba na-aga n'ihu maka ikike nhata.  Site n'ikpughe ndị na-ege ntị dị iche iche na egwu nke African American counterculture, Piper chọrọ ịmepụta mkparịta ụka gbasara uru omenala nke egwu egwu egwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.

A na-akpọsa "ihe mmụta" ọ bụla na postcard nke na-ezere ịkpọ aha ihe omume ahụ dị ka ọrụ nka. Piper malitere nkuzi ahụ site n'ịkpọ ihe nlele nke egwu na inye ndị sonyere na ụfọdụ egwu egwu, ka ọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ewebata akụkọ banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịbendị ojii n'ime ngosi ya. Piper rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi maka mkparịta ụka nke, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-ekpo ọkụ ka ndị sonyere si na usoro agụmakwụkwọ pụọ iji tinye aka na mkparịta ụka siri ike. Site n'ime ka ndị na-ege ntị sonye na ya, Piper hụrụ onwe ya dị ka ịmepụta ọrụ mbụ nke mmekọrịta ma ọ bụ ihe a ga-akọwa dị ka omume mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Dị ka edere na vidiyo nke Samore, ahụmịhe ahụ gafere nkuzi agụmakwụkwọ na-akwado mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya; okwu Piper maka ọrụ ahụ bụ, "Gbadata ma soro na-eme oriri". 

 Mmụta agụmakwụkwọ 
N'afọ 1981, Piper bipụtara edemede ahụ, "Ideology, Confrontation, and Political Self Awareness", na High Performance Magazine. N'ime ya, ọ na-akọwapụta njehie atọ zuru oke nke o chere na ọ na-enye aka n'ịmepụta echiche mmadụ: False Identity Mechanism, Illusion of Perfectibility, na One Way Communication Mechanism. Ọ rụrụ ụka na ụgha ndị a na-eduga na Illusion of Omniscience, bụ nke ọ kọwara dị ka "[b] n'ikwenye nke ọma na nkwenye nke onwe gị banyere onye ọ bụla ọzọ na ị na-echefu na ị na-aghọta ma na-ahụ dị ka ndị ọzọ site n'echiche nke dị na ya.  ụzọ nke ya dị ka nke onwe na oke dị ka nke ha."

N'afọ 2008, o bipụtara edemede ya nke nwere mpịakọta abụọ, "Rationality and the Structure of the Self". Mpịakọta nke Mbụ na-agụnye nchịkọta nke akụ na ụba nke nkà ihe ọmụma ọdịda anyanwụ, ebe Mpịakọ nke Abụọ na-elekwasị anya na nkọwa nke ya banyere ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma a. Na Mpịakọta nke Abụọ, Piper na-ekwu na, na-enweghị omume nkewa, anyị agaghị enwe ike ịmepụta mmekọrịta na ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụ na-eme ihe n'etiti onwe anyị n'ọrụ nke ụkpụrụ omume na-enweghị ọdịmma onwe onye ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị mmasị.

 Ihe osise 
Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ Piper na-ekwu maka nsogbu gbasara Ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ịkpa ókè ịkpa ókè,  na okike na United States. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'egwuregwu ya nke afọ 1986, "My Calling (Card) #1", o kesara kaadị nye onye ọ bụla kwuru okwu agbụrụ n'ihu ya, na-eme ka ha mara na ọ bụ nwanyị Africa America, na otu okwu ha si mee ka ọ ghara iru ala. Piper kesara kaadị ndị a na nri abalị na oriri na ọṅụṅụ dị ka ụzọ ọ ga-esi jiri aghụghọ chee ihu na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Na mgbalị ịma ụkpụrụ nwoke na nwanyị aka, Piper nyochara njikọ ọjọọ e mere banyere nwanyị na-anọdụ naanị ya n'ụlọ mmanya na echiche na ọ na-achọ anya nwoke. Iji lụso ụkpụrụ ndị a ọgụ n'etiti afọ 1986 na 1990 ọ ga-ewepụta "My Calling Card #2" iji rịọ ndị na-ekiri ka ha kwanyere nzuzo ya ùgwù ma gosipụta na ịnọ naanị ya abụghị ihe ọ bụla na ebumnuche ya ka a nabata ya. E nyere kaadị oku abụọ a iji mee nkwupụta banyere njirimara ya.

A na-ekwu maka ịkwaga agbụrụ na ihe ọzọ Piper na-eme, "Cornered" (1988), ebe na vidiyo ọ na-agwa ndị na-ege ntị, "Abụ m onye ojii". Piper na-akọwa otú eziokwu ahụ nwere ike isi mee ka onye na-ekiri ya tụọ ya n'anya n'ihi na Piper, onye nwere akpụkpọ ahụ mara mma, nwere ike ịghọ White, mana ọ họọrọ ịkọwa onwe ya dị ka onye ojii.

Piper's, Everything# 5.2 (2004), bụ akụkụ nke enyo enyo dị ka nkume ili nke na-ekpuchi ihe ngosi nke onye na-ekiri ya, ederede, "A ga-ewepụ ihe niile", na ihe dị n'ime ya n'azụ plasta nke mgbidi gallery.  Enwere ike ịhụ ọrụ ahụ dị ka ụzọ isi kpasuo ndị na-ekiri ya ka ha gbaa ajụjụ ike nke ụlọ ọrụ iji chọpụta uru nke otu nka, yana ịgba ajụjụ ọnụ ebe ha nọ n'ụụwa.

Na The Probable Trust Registry, akụkụ nke Piper nwetara nsọpụrụ kachasị elu na Venice Biennale na 2015, Piper gwara ndị ọbịa ka ha bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta na onwe ha na-agbaso otu n'ime nkwupụta atọ e bipụtara, dịka ọmụmaatụ, "M ga-eme mgbe niile ihe m na-ekwu na m ga-eme". Na nkwupụta na-esote onyinye ahụ, ndị ọka ikpe kwuru, sị: "Piper agbanweela omume echiche iji tinye uche onwe onye - nke onwe ya, ndị na-ege ya ntị, na ọha na eze n'ozuzu. " Ha kwukwara na mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ na-arịọ ndị na-ekiri ya "ka ha na-arụ ọrụ ndụ niile nke ibu ọrụ onwe ya. "  Na Febụwarị 2017, ọrụ ahụ bụ isi na ngosi nke mbụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Germany na Nationalgalerie na Hamburger Bahnhof. 

Nnyocha afọ 50 nke ọrụ Piper, nke egosiri n'elu ala nke Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) site na Machị 31, 2018, ruo Julaị 22, 2018, bụ oge mbụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke New York raara ọkwa ahụ dum nye onye na-ese ihe dị ndụ.

 Ntọala 
Ụlọ Ọrụ Adrian Piper Research Archive

The Adrian Piper Research Archive Foundation dị na Berlin, Germany. Ọ na-elekwasị anya n'idepụta nka, nkà ihe ọmụma, na yoga nke ndụ Piper. Ebumnuche nke ntọala ahụ bụ ichebe, chekwaa, ma nye ọha na eze ohere ịbanye na ntọala ahụ maka abamuru nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, ndị ọkà mmụta, ndị nlekọta, ndị nchịkọta, ndị edemede, na ndị otu ọha na eze na-egosi mmasị na ọrụ Piper. E nyela onyinye fellowship n'afọ 2011, 2013, 2015, na 2017, na ego nke onyinye ahụ dịgasị iche. Ntọala ahụ na-akpata ego na ebumnuche nke, (1) mezue mmezigharị nke ụlọ ya na-adịgide adịgide na Berlin-Mitte iji mee ka ọha na eze nwee ike ịnweta ya; (2) mụbaa ego enyemaka nke Multi-disciplinary Fellowship kwa afọ ruo afọ zuru ezu maka onye na-enweta ya; na (3) tọrọ ntọala maka Philosophy Dissertation Fellowships ọhụrụ maka ntọala ahụ. Ebumnuche nke mkpọsa ahụ bụ ịnakọta € 4,000,000.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ Berlin nke nkà ihe ọmụma

E guzobere ya na 2011, The Berlin Journal of Philosophy bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na-emeghe, nke a na-enyocha ndị ọgbọ, nke na-achọ imepụta ihe ọhụrụ site na ịgbaso iwu n'otu oge nke nrubeisi kpuru ìsì, nyocha kpuru ìmi abụọ, na mgbochi ịpụtaghachi ihe. The Berlin Journal of Philosophy bụ nke APRA Foundation Berlin na-achịkwa ma na-ebipụta.

 Nchịkọta 

 Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà nke Chicago, Chicago, IL"Adrian Piper," Art Institute of Chicago, https://www.artic.edu/artists/43002/adrian-piper
 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke Oge A, New York
 National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC 
 Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN 

 Nnabata 
Onye nhazi Ned Rifkin dere na Piper "nwere ọnọdụ pụrụ iche" n'ụwa nka.[7] Onye na-enyocha nka Michael Brenson kwusiri ike na ọrụ Piper "na-agafe n'oké osimiri kpụkọrọ akpụkọ n'ime ndị mmadụ ma [duga] ha n'ebe ha na-amaghị na ha dị. "  A gụnyere Piper na nchịkọta Peggy Phelan na Helena Reckitt, Art and Feminism (2001), ebe Phelan dere na nka ya "na-arụ ọrụ iji gosipụta ụzọ ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị si agwakọta ọrịa ndị gbagọrọ ndụ anyị". [led]

Piper natara onyinye nka anya site na National Endowment for the Arts na 1979 na 1982, na Guggenheim Fellowship na 1989.  N'afọ 1987, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị Africa-America mbụ prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma natara ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na United States. N'afọ 2012, ọ natara onyinye Artist Award for Distinguished Body of Work site na College Art Association .  N'afọ 2015, e nyere ya ọdụm ọla edo maka onye omenkà kachasị mma   nke 2015 Venice Biennale maka òkè ya na ihe ngosi Okwui Enwezor, "All the World's Futures"."Adrian Piper", 56th Venice Biennale.

N'afọ 2011, American Philosophical Association nyere ya utu aha, prọfesọ emeritus. N'afọ 2013, Women's Caucus for Art mara ọkwa na Piper ga-abụ onye natara onyinye Lifetime Achievement Award nke afọ 2014. 

Piper natara Käthe-Kollwitz-Preis 2018 nke Akademie der Künste, ihe nrite nke na-aga onye na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ na ọkwa mba ụwa na onye ọkà ihe ọmụma nyocha, onye nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nka echiche America kemgbe etiti afọ 1960. Waleczek, Agata (September 10, 2018). "I Still Do Believe They Want Me Dead": An Interview With Adrian Piper. frieze.com. Retrieved 3 October 2018.

 Hụkwa 

 Rose Piper

 Ntụaka 

 Ebe e si nweta ya 


 Njikọ mpụga 

 Frieze/opinion/February 2018/The limits of multidisciplinarity: from Adrian Piper to the 10th Berlin Biennale

Mgbasa ozi metụtaraAdrian Piperna Wikimedia Commons
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations