Eric D. Walrond

Eric Derwent Walrond (18 Disemba 1898 - 8 Ọgọst 1966) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ na odeakụkọ Afro-Caribbean Harlem Renaissance . Amụrụ na Georgetown, British Guiana, nwa nke nne Barbadian na nna Guyanese, Walrond mere njem nke ọma, na-aga n'oge ndụ ya ibi na Barbados, na Panama, New York City, na n'ikpeazụ England. O nyere aka na-adịgide adịgide na akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ya a ma ama bụ Tropic Death, nke e bipụtara na New York City na 1926 mgbe ọ dị afọ 28; ọ na-anọgide na-ebipụta taa dị ka a kpochapụwo nke oge ya.

N'ime ya, a na-achịkọta akụkọ 10, ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu n'ime ha e bipụtara na mbụ na obere akwụkwọ akụkọ. O bipụtala akụkọ mkpirisi ndị ọzọ tupu nke a, yana ọtụtụ edemede. Ọkammụta Kenneth Ramchand kọwara akwụkwọ Walrond dị ka ọrụ “na-egbu egbu” nke echiche; ndị ọzọ kọwara ọrụ ya dị ka "mpressionistic" na "telegraph na-emekarị", na-egosipụta ojiji o ji obere ahịrịokwu. Ihe na-esonụ sitere na mkpirisi akụkọ ya bụ "Isi okwu" na-egosi ụdị nkọwa ya karịa:

 "Anụ ebule, nke gbara ọchịchịrị n'ebe ndị na-adịghị nro na-ekpughe ya, na-agba ọsọ, na-akpụ akpụ ma daa n'ọnụ ọnụ bludgeon na-acha ọcha. Amanye ọnyà n'ime ụwa chara acha. Ifuru, ọkara jikọtara n'osisi ahụ o si pụta naanị mmiri ara ehi na-egbuke egbuke nke na-ejupụta na ya bụ crimson, na-eme ka ájá na ájá dị ọcha.

Ọtụtụ n'ime mkparịta ụka dị n'etiti agwa Walrond ka edere n'asụsụ dị iche iche, na-eji ọtụtụ asụsụ dị iche iche gbadoro ụkwụ na asụsụ bekee iji gosi ụdị agwa dị iche iche jikọtara ya na ndị mbata na mba Caribbean.

 Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Eric Walrond na Georgetown, British Guiana, nye nne Barbadian na nna Guyanese. Mgbe Eric dị afọ asatọ, nna ya hapụrụ, ya na nne ya, bụ́ Ruth, biri na ndị ikwu ya na Barbados, bụ́ ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Stephen’s Boys’ School, tupu ya akwaga Panama n’oge a na-arụ ọwa mmiri Panama. . "Walrond, Eric (1898–1966)", BlackPast.org. N'ebe a Walrond gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ wee bụrụ onye na-asụ Spanish yana Bekee nke ọma. N'ịgbaso ọzụzụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ na stenographer, ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye odeakwụkwọ na Ngalaba Ahụike nke Canal Commission na Cristóbal, na dịka onye nta akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Panama Star-Herald . Na 1918 ọ kwagara New York, ebe ọ gara Mahadum Columbia na Dorothy Scarborough kụziiri ya. Ọ bụ onye otu Alfa Phi Alpha fraternity.

 Harlem Renaissance onye edemede 
Na New York, Walrond rụrụ ọrụ na mbụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ ụlọ ọgwụ, onye na-ebu ọnụ ụzọ, na onye na-ese ihe. Ihe osise ya nke utopian nke Africa jikọrọ ọnụ, "A Senator's Memoirs" (1921), meriri ihe nrite nke Marcus Garvey kwadoro. Site na 1921 ruo 1923, Walrond bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye nwe kwa izu nke ndị America-American a na-akpọ Brooklyn na Long Island Informer . Barceló, Margarita, "Walrond, Eric", in William L. Andrews, Frances Smith Foster & Trudier Harris (eds),  Oxford Companion to African American Literature, New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 754. A goro ya ọrụ dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ mmekọ (1923–25) nke Negro World, akwụkwọ nke Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). O mechara bụrụ onye nkwado nke onye isi otu National Urban League Charles S. Johnson . N'agbata 1925 na 1927 ọ bụ onye ntinye aka na onye njikwa azụmaahịa nke magazin Ohere nke Urban League, nke hibere na 1923 iji nyere aka weta ndị na-atụnye aka na nka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke 1920s. Ọ bụkwa onye ntinye aka na Smart Set, New Republic na Vanity Fair na Negro World . Walrond bipụtara obere akụkọ ya nke mbụ akpọrọ "The Palm Porch", nke na-akọwa ụlọ akwụna na mpaghara Canal, ebe nkata enweghị obi ebere iweghara ala ahụ na-apụta.  Akụkọ ya ndị ọzọ dị mkpirikpi gụnyere "Na Ịbụ Black" (1922), "Na Ịbụ Ezinụlọ" (1923), "Miss Kenny's Marriage" (1923), "The Stone Rebounds" (1923), "Vignettes of the Dusk" (1924). ), "The Black City" (1924), na "City Love" (1927) - afọ Duke Ellington malitere ọrụ ya na New York na Harlem Globetrotters tọrọ ntọala. N'ime afọ abụọ na-esochi (1928 na 1929), Walrond nwetara onyinye Guggenheim Fellowship maka akụkọ ifo. 

 Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ na England 
Anthology

 Parascandola, Louis J. (ed.), Ifufe nwere ike ịkpọte ndị nwụrụ anwụ: onye Eric Walrond Reader, Wayne State University Press, 1998.
 Parascandola, Louis J., na Carl A. Wade (eds), Na-achọ mgbapu: akwụkwọ edemede Eric Walrond, University Press of Florida, 2011

 Ntụaka 
izu nke ndị America-American a na-akpọ Brooklyn na Long Island Informer . Barceló, Margarita, "Walrond, Eric", in William L. Andrews, Frances Smith Foster & Trudier Harris (eds),  Oxford Companion to African American Literature, New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 754. A goro ya ọrụ dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ mmekọ (1923–25) nke Negro World, akwụkwọ nke Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). O mechara bụrụ

 Ọgụgụ ọzọ 

 Berry, Jay A., "Eric Walrond", na Trudier Harris na Thadious M. Davis (eds), Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke Literary Biography: Afro-American Writers si Harlem Renaissance ruo 1940, Vol. 51, Cengage Gale, 1986, p. 296–300.
 Brittan, Jennifer. "The Terminal: Eric Walrond, Obodo Colón, na Caribbean nke Panama Canal." Akwụkwọ akụkọ America 25.2 (2013): 294–316.
 Davis, James. Eric Walrond: Ndụ na Harlem Renaissance na Transatlantic Caribbean (2015), 
 Gaba, Craig. Ebony Rising: Short Fiction nke Greater Harlem Renaissance .
 Lewis, David Levering, Mgbe Harlem nọ na Vogue, Akwụkwọ Penguin, 1997.
 Markham, EA (1996). Akwụkwọ Penguin nke obere akụkọ Caribbean .
 Parascandola, Louis J., na Carl A. Wade (eds), Eric Walrond - Ihe Nketa Dị Mkpa . Mahadum nke West Indies Press, 2012. ISBN 9789766402952 .
 Farrison, W. Edward. Akwụkwọ akụkọ CLA, vol. 20, mba. 1, 1976, p. 135–140. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44329234.