Ihe na-eme ka mkpụrụ osisi na-eme nri

fatịlaịza(Asụsụ Bekee Amerika) ma ọ bụ fatịlaịsa (Asụsụ Bekee Britịshị) bụ ihe ọ bụla sitere n'okike ma ọ bụ nke aka mere nke a n'etinye n'ala ma ọ bụ n'ahụ osisi iji nye  osisi nrị Fatiaịza nwere ike ịdị iche na ihe liming ma ọ bụ mmezi ala ndị ọzọ n'adịghị edozi ahụ. E nwere ọtụtụ ebe a n'emepụta fatịlaịza, ma nke sitere n'okike na nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Maka ọtụtụ ọrụ ugbo nke oge a, fatịlaịza n'elekwasị anya na isi ihe nnukwu nri atọ na-edozi ahụ: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), na potassium (K) na mgbakwunye oge ụfọdụ dị ka ntụ ọka nkume maka obere ihe nri. Ndị ọrụ ugbo n'etinye fatịlaịza ndị a n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche: site na usoro itinye mmiri ma ọ bụ nke a n'etinye na mmiri, n'eji nnukwu ngwá ọrụ ụgbọ ma ọ bụ ụsoro ngwá ọrụ aka.

N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, fatịlaịza sitere n'okike ma ọ bụ ihe ndị sitere n'ahụ: compost, Nri anụmanụ, Nri mmadụ, ihe ịnweta ndị a n'ewepụta, ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ na ihe ndị ọzọ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ndị sitere n'okike mmadụ (ya bụ, ihe mkpofu azụ, ma ọ bụ nri ọbara sitere na igbu anụmanụ). Otú ọ dị, malite na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, mgbe e mepụtara ihe ọhụrụ na nri na-edozi ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ugbo mepụtara gburugburu fatịlaịza ndị e mepụtara. Mgbanwe a dị mkpa n'ịgbanwe Usoro nri zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-enye ohere maka Ọrụ ugbo buru ibu na nnukwu ihe ọkụkụ.

Usoro kemịkal na-edozi nitrogen, dị ka Usoro Haber nke e mepụtara na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, ma gbasaa site na ikike mmepụta nke e mepere n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, dugara na ọganihu n'iji fatịlaịza nitrogen. N'ime ọkara ikpeazụ nke narị afọ nke 20, mmụba ojiji nke fatịlaịza nitrogen (800% mmụba n'etiti afọ 1961 na afọ 2019) abụwo akụkụ dị mkpa nke mmụba mmepụta nke usoro nri omenala (ihe karịrị 30% kwa onye) dị ka akụkụ nke a na-akpọ "Green Revolution". [3]

Ojiji nke fatịlaịza aka na nke ụlọ ọrụ na-etinye n'ọrụ akpatawo mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka mmetọ mmiri na eutrophication n'ihi nsị nri; carbon na ikuku ndị ọzọ sitere na mmepụta fatịlaịza na igwupụta ihe; na mmetọ na mmetoropụ nke ala. Enwere ike itinye usoro Ọrụ ugbo dị iche iche na-adịgide adịgide iji belata mmetụta ọjọọ gburugburu ebe obibi nke iji fatịlaịza na ọgwụ ahụhụ eme ihe yana Mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi ndị ọzọ nke ọrụ ugbo na-akpata. 

Enwere ike ime ka mmepụta fatịlaịza belata mmepụta ihe site n'ịgbanwe site na mmanụ petrochemical gaa na hydrogen mmeghari ohuru maka mmepụta ammonia. N'ihi ebe ọ dị, Afrịka nwere ezigbo ike imepụta ammonia mmeghari ohuru ma belata ịdabere na mbubata fatịlaịzaConversion of CO2 from South African coal-fired power plants using green ammonia and hydrogen https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/coalco2x.html;  https://bmbf-client.de/en/news/coalco2-x-pioneering-renewable-ammonia-synthesis-south-africas-fertilizer-future; Skills development workshop for hydrogen and ammonia https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/ptx-skills-development-in-tunisia.html;Green Ammonia – Production of green ammonia in Morocco https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/green-ammonia.html.