Douglas Phillips (onye na-ese ihe)

Douglas Phillips (1922-1995) bụ onye omenkà nwere ugo America nke tọrọ ntọala Phillips Stained Glass Studio na 1952. Ekwenyere na ọ bụ naanị onye na-ese ihe n'Afrika nke mere ụlọ ihe nkiri ugogbere nke ya n'etiti afọ 1952 na 1995. 

 Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Phillips na Farrell, Pennsylvania na 1922. Ọ gụrụ ezigbo nka na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na John Huntington Polytechnic Institute wee were klaasị na Institute of Art na Cleveland. N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Phillips jere ozi na United States Army afọ atọ, ọnwa iri abụọ na isii bụ nke e ji mee ihe na ihe nkiri Pacific. Phillips, Douglas. “How to Make a Portable Stained Glass Panel.” American Artist 26 (December 1962): 28. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,sso&db=asu&AN=514122078&site=ehost-live . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye omenkà azụmahịa afọ ole na ole tupu ọ gaa Mahadum Syracuse maka BFA ya, nke ọ natara na 1950.  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Portrait and Illustration. 

 Ọrụ 
Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Syracuse, Phillips sonyeere Ecclesiastical Arts Studio nke Rudolf Sandon na-agba dị ka onye mmebe na onye na-ese enyo nwere ntụpọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ mụtabeghị ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese enyo nwere ntụpọ, ọ mụtara usoro dị iche iche mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na studio a. 

N'afọ 1952 ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ihe nkiri nke ya site na nkwado na enyemaka aka nke Cleveland oge ochie nwere ugegbe master Louis Buser.  Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti 1950s, Phillips Stained Glass Studio nwere aha ọma maka mweghachi mma ụlọ ngosi nka ma na-anata ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụlọ ọrụ okpukperechi n'ime Ohio na n'obodo ndị ọzọ na United States. 

Phillips rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nrụpụta maka General Electric . O kere sistemu ọkụ mbụ maka ime ime, nrụnye enyo na-enweghị windo wee chepụta ọtụtụ ihe ngosi ọkụ ezumike Nela Park ama ama nke General Electric. 

Phillips bụ onye so na Illuminating Engineering Society of North America na onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Stained Glass Association of America, na-enye aka n'isiakwụkwọ na Lighting Stained Glass na SGAA's Reference and Technical Manual. 

Na mgbakwunye na imecha ọtụtụ narị iberibe ụlọ ụka, ruo ọtụtụ afọ, Phillips gosikwara ọrụ ugogbe anya ya na Cleveland Museum of Art 's exhibition nke ọrụ kwa afọ nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị omenkà Cleveland. Na 1952 Phillips nwetara ihe nrite mbụ na ngalaba iko.  N'afọ 1957, ọrụ ya nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ichthus" kesara ihe nrite na enyo na onye ọzọ na-ese ihe, Edris Eckhardt. 

 Ọrụ ahọpụtara 

 St. Thomas Episcopal Church - Berea, Ohio
 Nzukọ-nsọ nke ọgbụgba ndụ ahụ - Cleveland, Ohio 
 Barberton Citizens Hospital Chapel - Cleveland, Ohio
 Churchka Presbyterian Lakewood - Cleveland, Ohio
 Greater Abyssinia Baptist Church - Cleveland, OH
 Austin Memorial Chapel nke Windermere Methodist Church - East Cleveland, Ohio
 Ụka Fairlawn Lutheran - Fairlawn, Ohio 
 Ụlọ Nzukọ Agudath B'nai Israel - Lorain, Ohio
 Nzukọ Nzukọ-nsọ nke Mbụ - Painesville, Ohio
 St. William Catholic Church - Warren, Ohio
 Ụlọ Lutheran - Westlake, Ohio
 Ụlọ ọgwụ St. Joseph Riverside - Warren, Ohio (gbahapụrụ)
 Bethel AME Church - Little Rock, Arkansas
 Trinity United Church of Christ - Chicago, Illinois 
 Newburg United Methodist Church - Livonia, Michigan
 Holy Trinity Lutheran Church - Sharon, Pennsylvania
 Chọọchị Baptist nke Ugwu Zion - Seattle, Washington
 Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church - West Carrollton, Ohio
 Crusader Chapel nke Ụka St Mary the Virgin - Little Easton, Essex, England 

 Ntụaka