Lake Chad flooded savanna

Ọdọ Mmiri Chad nke idei mmiri juputara na savanna bụ ala mmiri juru na savannas n'Africa.  Ọ na-agụnye ala njikọ nke ide mmiri na-e Mega n'oge na nke na-adịgide adịgide na mpaghara ɔdɔ mmiri Chad na Central Africa, na-ekpuchikwa ndị nke Cameroon, Chad, Niger, na Nigeria .

 Geography 
Ɔdɔ mmirika Chad bụ nnukwu ịhụnanya mmiri na-emighị emi, nke dị n'etiti nnukwu mmiri mmiri mmiri mechiri emechi, na-eche ụzọ n'oké osimiri.  Ọdọ mmiri Chad nwere mpaghara 2,381,635 square kilometa (919,554 sq mi) .  otu ugwu nke efere ahụ bụ nkekpa nkụ ma ọ bụ nkekpa nkụ, na ọrịa ndị nwere ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge..

Savanna nke idei mmiri gbara gburugburu ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ.  Sika Chari na Logone, nke na-aputa n'ebe ugwu site n'ugwu dị n'ama ọnụ mmiri dị na ndịda, na-enye 95% nke mmiri dị n'Ọdọ Mmiri Chad.  jiha Yobe, nke na-ahọga n'ebe Iri banye na nstụtụ ugwu ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ, na-atụnye 2.5% nke mmiri na-abanye n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ. 

N'agbanyeghị enweghị ụzọ ọpụpụ, Ọdọ Mmiri Chad nwere nnu dị ntakịrị. Mmiri dị nnu karịa na-emikpu n'ala ala ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ma na-esi n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-asọga n'ebe ugwu. Akụkụ ndịda nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ, bụ́ nke na-enweta ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ mmiri ka ukwuu, na-adịkarịchaghị nnu karịa akụkụ ugwu. 

Ecoregion gụ akara ala mmiri Hadejia-Nguru dị na ugwu Naijiria.  Ala mmiri mmiri ndị a na-adị n'oge na-etolite n'otu nkwekọ nke Hadejia osimiri Jama'are, akụkụ nke ụzọ osimiri Yobe nke dị n'iddi-ama egwuregwu nke ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ.  Ala mmiri mmiri ndị a ruo 6,000 km 2 n'oge osimiri 'n'ikpeazụ-August ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu, nke nwere oke mmiri dị 2,000 km2. 

ụzọ ɔdɔ mmiri Chad nke ecoregion gbara Sahelian Acacia savanna ecoregion, eriri savanna akọrọ nke na-aga n'ihe ngosi ndị na-eme egwuregwu ese Africa na ndịda Ọzara Sahara .  Ala mmiri Hadejia-Nguru dị na mpaghara savanna ahụ egwuregwu Sudan .

 Ihu igwe 
Ihu igwe dị ebe okpomọkụ na akọrọ, yana 320 mm nke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ na ọdọ ahụ. A na-etinye oke mmiri ozuzo n'oge mmiri ozuzo June ruo Ọktoba. Machị ruo June na-ekpo ọkụ ma kpọọ nkụ, na ọnwa Nọvemba ruo February na ọnwa oyi na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ. Evaporation karịrị oke mmiri ozuzo n'ime ọtụtụ ọnwa. 

 Osisi 
Ọdọ mmiri ahụ na-agụnye ebe mmiri mepere emepe na akwa na-amị mkpụrụ na-emighị emi.  Osisi ogbunigwe ndị a na-ama na ɔdɔ mmiri mmiri ndị na-egwu Cyperus papyrus, Phragmites mauritianus, na Vossia cuspidata .  Phragmites australis na Typha domingensis na-eme na ɔdɔ mmirika nnu nnu.  letus Nile ( Pistia stratiotes ) bụ osisi na-ese n'elu mmiri nke na-etolite nnukwu akwa mgbe ụfọdụ n'ofe ebe mmiri na-agụ. 

Ahịhịa dị n'ụdị ebe idei mmiri na-eru n'oge na-adịgasị iche n'ịdị omimi na ogologo oge idei mmiri n'oge.  A na-ahụ ala ala Yaéré n'ebe idei mmiri na-e ọgụ na nsõtụ nke ɔdɔ mmiri ahụ.  Osisi ndị nwere ike ikwu Echinochloa pyramidalis, Vetiveria nigritana, Oryza longistaminata, na Hyparrhenia rufa .  Ebe idei mmiri nke oge a na-adị obere ma dị, osisi na osisi dị, sitere na savannas ruo n'iji, nke a mara 'karal' ma ọ bụ 'firki' nke obodo.  Acacia seyal bụ osisi kacha ewu ewu, nke nwere Acacia nilotica gburugburu nkụda ịgụ.  Ahịhịa na osisi na-eto na mita 2 ruo 3 n'ịdị elu, Caperonia palustris, Echinochloa colona, ​​Hibiscus asper, Hygrphila auriculata, Sorghum purpureosericeum, na Schoenfeldia gracilis 

 Anụ anụmanụ 
Ala, idei mmiri juru na savannas bụ ebe obibi dị mkpa maka ọkụ mmiri, ndị njem Palearctic na-agafe oge oyi ebe a.  Osisi prinia ( Prinia fluviatilis ) na nchara lark ( Mirafra rufa ) bụ ike ndị bi n'Ọdọ Chad nke ndị na savannas na ala mmirika ndị ọzọ na Sahel.. 

 Egwu 
Ọdọ mmiri ahụ adalatala nke ukwuu n'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-aghọwanye nke na-emighị emi ma na-adị ntakịrị.

 Ebe echedoro 
Nnyocha e mere na 2017 chọpụtara na 14,732 km 2, ma ọ bụ 46%, nke ecoregion dị na mpaghara echedoro. 

 Ntụaka 

 Njikọ mpụga 

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