Ibrahim Ishaq

Ibrahim Ishaq ( , 1946 – 23 Jenụarị 2021), nke a na-akpọkwa Ibrāhīm Isḥāq Ibrāhīm, bụ onye odeakụkọ Sudani, onye edemede akụkọ dị mkpirikpi na ọkammụta agụmagụ.

Ọtụtụ n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ ya ka edobere na mpaghara Darfur obodo ya nke dị na ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan.  Site na 1969 gaa n'ihu, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ isii na nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirisi atọ, yana ọmụmụ mmụta gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme na akwụkwọ nke Africa.  Site n'akụkọ ifo ya na asusu ya weputara ndu na omenaala Darfur n'iru ndi na-agụ akwukwo na mpaghara ndi ozo.

 Ndụ na ọrụ nka 
A mụrụ Ishaq n'obodo Wada'a dị na steeti East Darfur, Sudan, n'afọ 1946. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị na obodo Al-Fashir na Omdurman, ọ gụchara na ụlọ akwụkwọ nkuzi nke dị na Omdurman na 1969 wee rụọ ọrụ dịka onye nkuzi Bekee.  n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.  O nwetara akara ugo mmụta MA na Mahadum Khartoum's Institute for Afro-Asia Studies, ebe ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nyocha.  N'afọ ndị 1980, ọ kwagara Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, bụ ebe ọ kụziiri Bekee ruo mgbe ọ laghachiri Sudan na 2006. Na Sudan, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye òtù juri maka ihe nrite akwụkwọ, dị ka Al-Tayeb Salih Prize for Creative Writing.  nke Abdel Karim Merghani Cultural Center kwadoro yana maka onyinye Al-Tayeb Salih International Award for Creative Writing.

N'afọ 1969, Ishaq bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, It Happened in the Village, nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ise ọzọ na nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi atọ sochiri. N'akụkọ ya na-eme n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Darfur, o jiri ụdị asụsụ obodo na omenala ọdịbendị pụrụ iche nke mpaghara ya, nke mbụ mere ka ụfọdụ ndị na-agụ ya na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke Sudan pụọ. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na magazin Sudanow na 2017, Ishaq kwuru na ọ nweghị nhọrọ ọzọ maka ya, mana ime ka ndị ya na-ekwu okwu dịka ha na-ekwu na ndụ n'ezie.In his study The Development of Contemporary Literature in Sudan, literary scholar Eyman El-Nour wrote: It was Ibrahim Ishaq Ibrahim, (...), who decided to introduce colloquial Arabic into his novels, Hadath fi i-qarya (An incident in the village, 1968) and A'mal al-layl wa i-balda (Night work and the Town 1971). Ibrahim's view is that only the colloquial can give Sudanese literature its distinctive identity. (p.158)

Dị ka onye nkatọ edemede  Xavier Luffin si kwuo, akwụkwọ akụkọ Ishaq Akhbār al-bint Miyākāyā (Akụkọ nke Nwa agbọghọ na-eto eto Miyākāyā) bụ "akwụkwọ akụkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Sudan mbụ dị mkpa na [...] nakwa akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke pụtara iji jikọta "Ndị ọzọ," na  Ndịda."  Akụkọ na-amalite na ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan na ihe odide sitere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ nke Isḥāq: "Ḥāzim na-agwa ndị enyi ya ihe niile ọ maara banyere kọntaktị mbụ dị n'etiti ndị Arab na Shilluks na mpaghara White Nile na narị afọ nke iri na isii.Ọ na-echeta akụkọ banyere Ghānim, onye Arab nke hụrụ nwa ada Dinka n'anya, Miyākāyā, nke na-egosi ogologo oge ndị Arab na ndị Africa lụrụ di na nwunye wee malite ịdị ka ibe ha ọ bụghị nanị na anụ ahụ, kamakwa n'ụzọ ha si ekwu okwu, ụzọ.  ha na-ewu ụlọ ha, na ihe ndị ọzọ, nke na-eweghachite anyị n'okwu gbasara njirimara Sudan."Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Ishaq na-ewere ọnọdụ n'otu obodo a na-akpọ Kafa, ebe "ndị Kafa bụ ihe oyiyi nke Sudan: oghere dị iche iche dị mgbagwoju anya, ebe ndị Arab sitere na agbụrụ dị iche iche na-emekọrịta ihe na ọtụtụ ndị Africa si Western Sudan na gburugburu ya, dị ka Fur.  , the Masalit, the Mbororo, the Bilala, and the Kanembu”.

N'okwu ọnwụ na Sudanow Magazine, ndị Sudanese Writers Union kpebiri akwụkwọ akụkọ Ishaq dị ka ihe ọhụrụ n'asụsụ na isiokwu, na-egosi foto ọhụrụ sitere na ọdịda anyanwụ Sudan. N'afọ 2004, e nyere Ishaq nzere doctorate nke Mahadum Al Fashir. Na Jenụwarị 2021, ọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ na-agwọ ọrịa na United States, mgbe ọ dị afọ 75.


 Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ 
A na-enye utu aha Arabic mbụ na nsụgharị Bekee:

Akwụkwọ akụkọ:

 O mere n'ime Obodo (1969) 
 Ọrụ nke abalị na obodo (1971) 
 Ememme Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ochie (1976) 
 Akụkọ nke Nwa agbọghọ Miyākāyā (1980-2001) 
 Ọgba aghara na Kilimando (1999-2002) 
 Ihe ihere nke Nourains (2004) 

Nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi:

 Ndị si Kafa
 Akụkọ Ndị Si n'Obodo
 Arịrịọ Kabbashiyya

N'afọ 2016, e tinyere akụkọ mkpirikpi ya The Opening in Kaltooma's Fence n'akwụkwọ akụkọ Literary Sudans, nke Adil Babikir sụgharịrị.

N'ime ndị ọzọ, akwụkwọ ndị ọkà mmụta Ishaq gụnyere The Emigrations of the Hilali Tribes si Arabian Peninsula na North Africa na Bilad As-Sudan (1996) na The Folktale in Africa (1977).  Ọzọkwa, o bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ na ọmụmụ gbasara ọrụ agụmagụ na ihe nketa nke obodo ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ Sudanese na Arabic, akwụkwọ akụkọ oge na akwụkwọ akụkọ.

 Hụkwa 

 Akwụkwọ Sudan
 Ndepụta nke ndị edemede Sudan

 Akwụkwọ 

 El-Nour, Eiman. "The Development of Contemporary Literature in Sudan", Research in African Literatures, vol. 28, Nke 3, 1997, peeji nke 150-162.  JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3821000.

 Shringarpure, Bhakti (ed.) (2016), Literary Sudans: An Anthology of Literature from Sudan and South Sudan. Trenton: The Red Sea Press,   

 Ihe edeturu na edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Akụkọ mkpirikpi nke Ibrahim Ishag 'A Dinner with Mr. MacNeil', nke Nassir al-Sayeid al-Nour sụgharịrị