Rashid Mahdi

Rashid Mahdi ( Arabic , 1923 – 2008) bụ onye na-ese foto Sudan, na-arụ ọrụ na Atbara site na 1950s ruo 1970s. Onye na-ese foto French Claude Iverné [ fr ], onye nchoputa nke nnukwu ebe nchekwa foto a raara nye "Golden Age" nke foto na Sudan, nke a na-akpọ Mahdi "n'ezie ọkaibe na otu n'ime ndị isi foto Africa nke narị afọ nke 20." 

Nke kacha pụta ìhè, e gosipụtara foto Mahdi na African Photography Encounters na Bamako, Mali, na 2005,  na ihe ngosi nkeonwe n'oge ngosi ihe ngosi foto nke Paris na 2011,  yana na ihe ngosi 2017 retrospective "The Khartoum School : ime mmegharị nka ọgbara ọhụrụ na Sudan (1945 - ugbu a)", nke Sharjah Art Foundation gosipụtara, United Arab Emirates .  A na-anọchi anya ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke Musée du quai Branly na Paris.

 Biography na ọrụ nka 
áká_èkpè|thumb|334x334px| "Nwoke nwere scarifications ", nke Rashid Mahdi
Na mbụ, Mahdi a zụrụ azụ n'ịrụ osisi na kọleji teknụzụ dị na Omdurman ma bụrụ onye a kara aka ịrụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè Sudanese colonial. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkwá nkà ruo oge ụfọdụ, ma foto dọtara mmasị ya karị. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ zụtara igwefoto mbụ ya n'aka onye na-ese foto Gris ma kuziere onwe ya na ọrụ ọhụrụ ya. Iji meziwanye nkà ya, ọ na-edegara Kodak akwụkwọ ozi na London na 1957 a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gaa na nnọchiteanya Kodak na Cairo, Egypt. 

Na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri site na 1950 ruo 1970s n'obodo ya nke Atbara, Mahdi bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese foto Sudan mbụ. Na 1957, o mepere Rashid Photo Studio wee mepụta ọtụtụ ihe onyonyo nke ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ otu dị ka ezinụlọ, ndị agha ma ọ bụ ndị otu okpukpere chi. Ka oge na-aga, ihe oyiyi ndị a ghọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, na-anọchite anya ọdịdị onwe onye na ejiji nke ụbọchị ahụ.  Ọzọkwa, Mahdi dekọtara ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmegharị na Atbara, etiti ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Sudan, mmegharị ya nke otu ndị ọrụ na ọrụ nke otu ndị Kọmunist Sudan . Na-eji 18 cm × 24 cm (7.1 na × 9.4 in) stand camera, Mahdi rụrụ ọrụ na nwa-na-acha ọcha, ma na-aka-acha ụfọdụ nke ya Mbipụta, mgbe ụfọdụ na-eji nnukwu formats. The description of his colour photographs at the archive of the Musée du quai Branly mentions the watercolour technique (aquarellé) applied to these photographs, as well as the print sizes. See source in References and External links.  Maka mmalite nke ihe nkiri ngosi nke mbụ na Sudan nọọrọ onwe ya, Olileanya & Nrọ n'èzí National Theatre Omdurman na 1970, nke Ibrahim Mallassy na-eduzi ya na Mahdi dị ka onye nduzi foto,  o dekọtara ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-ekiri ihe nkiri na otu n'ime ya. foto. 

Mgbe Rashid Mahdi lara ezumike nka, nwa ya nwoke Amin El Rashid (amụrụ 1945), weghaara ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo etiti 1990s. Site na nchịkọta foto ya site na 1940s gaa n'ihu, Rashid Studio ghọrọ ebe nchekwa foto kachasị ukwuu na mba ahụ, na-agbakọta ihe karịrị nde anọ adịghị mma. Ebipụtala ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu n'ime ndị a n'ịntanetị site na oru ngo Sudan Ebe nchekwa . 

 nnabata 
N'oge ihe ngosi ya na Galerie Clémentine de la Ferronnière na Paris, France, dị ka akụkụ nke ngosi ngosi foto nke Paris na 2011, a kọwara ọrụ Mahdi dị ka "imezuo ihe oyiyi ahụ site n'itinye aka n'ọtụtụ ọkwa, ma na-adịghị mma, wee gaa n'ihu. mbipụta."  N'otu afọ ahụ, French online art ikpo okwu TK-21 dere banyere Mahdi ọrụ: "Mahdi guzobere nnọọ n'oge na a protocol maka mmepụta nke nnukwu format portraits, nke ọ ga-etinye n'usoro na nlezianya ofụri ndụ ya. -elu nke isiokwu ndị kasị akọwa ìhè mmetụta, ọ zuru okè image site na itinye aka na otutu nkebi na-adịghị mma na mgbe ahụ na-ebipụta ya kpọmkwem na nụchara anụcha oyiyi na-ekpughe a tumadi bourgeois ọha mmadụ nke North [Sudan], nke na-akwado ya. nnwere onwe na ọchịchị na-atụghị anya ya. " 

N'ihe nyocha nke agụmakwụkwọ nke ihe ngosi nka azụ azụ Ụlọ akwụkwọ Khartoum: Ime nke Modern Art Movement in Sudan (1945-present) na Sharjah, UAE, 2017,  onye edemede dere banyere foto na Sudan: "Ihe ngosi ahụ na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè ọrụ nke ndị ọsụ ụzọ abụọ na-ese foto, Rashid Mahdi na Gadalla Gubara, yana ndị ọzọ na-ese foto studio, [...] n'ihe gbasara njikọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme n'etiti foto, decolonization na onwe- anọchi anya . " 

Onye na-ese foto French Claude Iverné, onye mekwara akụkọ foto nke Sudan,   kọwara foto Mahdi na ndị ọzọ na-ese foto na Sudan nke 1970 dị ka "oge a ma ama nke nnwere onwe dị egwu, mgbe ị na-aga ụlọ ọrụ foto. dị ka ịga ụlọ mmanya."  Na webụsaịtị ya, nke na-ekwu na ọ na-eweta mkpokọta ihe dị ka puku foto digitized 12,000 site na 1890 ruo 2015,  Iverné ebipụtala ọtụtụ foto nke Rashid Mahdi, ma na mkpokọta nke Iverné, yana na nke Musée du. quai Branly na Paris. The online archive of the museum shows 63 photographs by Mahdi. N'ajụjụ ọnụ banyere mmekọrịta onwe ya na ndị na-ese foto Sudan na ọrụ nka ha, Iverné nyere akụkọ a: 

 Hụkwa 

 Cinema nke Sudan
 Foto dị na Sudan

 Ntụaka 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Foto sitere na Rashid Photo Studio na sudanmemory.org
 Ngosipụta nke Rashid Mahdi na ebe nchekwa foto dị n'ịntanetị e lnour.org
 Foto sitere n'aka Rashid Mahdi na ebe a na-edebe ihe n'ịntanetị nke Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac
 Foto sitere na Rachid Mahdi na artnet.com
 Akụkọ banyere Rashid Mahdi na blọọgụ Sudan
 Vidiyo banyere Rashid Mahdi, nke nwa ya nwoke bụ Amin El Mahdi (na Arabic nwere ndepụta okwu Bekee) gwara na YouTube