Lamba (uwe)

Lamba bụ uwe ọdịnala nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị bi na Madagascar na eyi. Uwe ahụ, nke bụ ihe nnọchianya nke ọdịbendị Malagasy, nwere ogologo ákwà nwere akụkụ anọ a na ekpuchi gburugburu ahụ.Tortora, P.G. & Merkel, R.S. (1996). Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles. New York: Fairchild Publications.

A na ejikarị silk na akpụkpọ ehi eme lambas ọdịnala a na eji eli ozu ebe a na ejikwa raffia, akpụkpọ ezì, ogho ma ọ bụ bast eme ndị a na eyi kwa ụbọchị. Ha nwere ike ịdị iche na agba site na eriri na acha odo odo ma ọ bụ ákwà ọcha siri ike, ruo ákwà na acha ọbara ọbara, ọcha na oji nke a na ahụ n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke agwaetiti ahụ, usoro geometric na onyinyo pụrụ iche nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na nchara nke obodo nta Sakalava mepụtara, ma ọ bụ akwa dị mgbagwoju anya nke nwere ọtụtụ agba nke ndị aristocracy Merina na akwado.Turner, J. (Ed.). (1996). "Madagascar", in The Dictionary of Art, Volume 20. London: Macmillan Publishers Limited. Taa, ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ịchọta ogho ma ọ bụ rayon lambas e mepụtara na India maka ahịa Malagasy na mgbakwunye na ndị e mepụtara n'ógbè ahụ.Green, R.L. (2003). Lamba hoany: proverb cloths from Madagascar. Africa Arts, 36(22), pp. 30–46.

E wezụga iji ya eme ihe kwa ụbọchị dị ka uwe dị mkpa, a na ejikwa lamba ejikọta ụmụaka n'azụ nne ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe ndina mgbe ị na ebu ihe dị arọ n'elu isi. A na ejikwa lamba eme ihe iji kpuchie ozu ndị nwụrụ anwụ tupu etinye ha n'ili ezinụlọ. Mgbe emume ahụ gasịrị, a na etinye ndị nwụrụ anwụ maka iwu nke ịkwanyere mkpụrụ obi ha ùgwù.

 N'omenala Madagascar 

Okwu Lamba bụ aha dị n'asụsụ Highlands nke ákwà a na akpa akpa nke na eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị mkpa nke uwe na Madagascar dum. A maara uwe a site na okwu ndị ọzọ na mpaghara dị iche iche ebe a na asụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ; n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ọwụwa anyanwụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, a maara uwe ahụ site na okwu simbo.Mullen Kreamer, Christine and Fee, Sarah. Objects as Envoys: Cloth, Imagery and Diplomacy in Madagascar. Smithsonian Institution, 2002. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụzọ a ga esi kechie ákwà ahụ gburugburu onye na eyi ya bụ nke a na akọwa site na okwu dịgasị iche iche dịgasị site na mpaghara ruo mpaghara.[1] Agba, mbipụta na ụdị ákwà dịgasị iche site na mpaghara gaa na mpaghara. A na eji silk na acha ọcha dị arọ eme lambas (lambamena) ndị kasị ukwuu ma jiri ya kpuchie ozu ndị nwụrụ anwụ tupu etinye ha n'ili ezinụlọ. N'etiti agbụrụ ụfọdụ, a na agbanwekwa lambas n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị dị ka akụkụ nke emume nkwa ọlụlụ ha, ma ọ bụ dị ka onyinye nnọchiteanya, dị ka egosiri site na nkọwa zuru ezu abụọ nke silk lamba akoto сове (otu nwere ọtụtụ ụcha, nke ọzọ na acha ọcha na acha) nke Queen Ranavalona III nyere na 1886 na President Grover Cleveland na ngosi na Smithsonian National Museum of African Art.Gifts and Blessings: The Textile Arts of Madagascar. Smithsonian National Museum of African Art. Accessed on November 11, 2010.

 Ụdị 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ihe osise ndị mara mma sitere na Eshia na ewu ewu n'obodo ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri.
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị lambas emepụtara na Madagascar. Aha ndị a nwere ike iji mee ka a mata ọdịiche dị n'ihe eji eme ihe, ụdị ụkpụrụ, ebumnuche ememe nke uwe ma ọ bụ onye a chọrọ. Aha lambas dịgasị iche site n'otu mpaghara gaa na nke ọzọ dịka asụsụ mpaghara si dị, yabụ ndepụta dị n'okpuru ebe a abụghị nke zuru ezu kama ọ na anọchite anya ụfọdụ n'ime ụdị lamba ndị a na ahụkarị. Ọ bụ ọtụtụ ụdị na Madagascar

 Lambahoany 
Lamba ogho e biri ebi na egosipụtakarị ilu dị n'akụkụ ala nke imewe ahụ, nke yiri kangas a na eyi n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Afrịka. Lambahoany bụ ụdị lamba a na eyikarị ugbu a. A na eji ogho e biri ebi eme ihe ndị a nke na egosipụta ihe osise nke na emegharị ugboro ugboro nke na ekpuchi ma ọ bụ usoro nke abụọ (nke na adịkarị gburugburu ihe nrite etiti) ma ọ bụ nnukwu onyinyo na egosi ihe nkiri ọzụzụ atụrụ site na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. A na edekarị ilu a ma ama, ma ọ bụ ohala, n'elu etiti ala ala. Ojiji nke lambahoany a na ahụkarị dị ọtụtụ ma dịgasị iche. A na ekpuchi ha mgbe niile iji kegide nwa ọhụrụ n'azụ nne ya, na eme ka aka ya wepụ maka ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ha nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka blanket dị mfe, ákwà, apron, akpa njem, ákwù tebụl ma ọ bụ onyinyo anyanwụ, ma mgbe a na ekpuchi ha nke ọma, enwere ike iji ha mee ihe dị ka ihe ndabere mgbe ha na ebu ihe dị arọ n'elu isi.Green, R.L. (2003). Lamba hoany: proverb cloths from Madagascar. Africa Arts, 36(22), pp. 30–46.

 Lamba akoto Council 
Lamba silk a na akpa akpa nke nwere ihe osise geometric dị mgbagwoju anya.

 Lamba Algeria 
Ihe eji eme ememe nke ndị a ma ama, ndị ọgaranya, ma ọ bụ ndị okenye na eyi.

 Lambamena 
Akpụkpọ anụ e ji ákwà e ji eli ozu.

 Lamba arindrano 
Lamba ọdịnala nke e ji ngwakọta silk na ogho mee.

 Jabo-landy 
Lamba ọdịnala nke e ji eriri silk na raffia mee.

 Laimasaka 
A omenala Sakalava raffia lamba na achọkarị mma na geometric Ikat-dyed patterns ma na ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka ákwà olili ozu.Ọ ka bụ omenala na Madagascar.

 Salaka 
Lamba a na eyi dị ka loincloth, na atụ ihe dị ka sentimita 30 n'obosara na sentimita 300 n'ogologo.Mullen Kreamer, Christine and Fee, Sarah. Objects as Envoys: Cloth, Imagery and Diplomacy in Madagascar. Smithsonian Institution, 2002.  

 Ụzọ e si eji ya eme ihe 
Ụdị iyi lamba ahụ dịkwa iche n'etiti mpaghara na dabere na okike nke onye na eyi ya. Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị ga ekpuchi ya n'úkwù, dị ka sarong. Ụmụ nwanyị ga eyikwa ya na ekpuchi ma ọ bụ n'okpuru bust iji mepụta uwe mkpuchi, na enwekarị isi lamba kwekọrọ. Enwere ike ijikọta ụdị ndị a na tankị elu ma ọ bụ uwe elu ndị ọzọ dị mfe.

Ụmụ nwoke nwere ike ịde ákwà n'elu otu ubu dị ka akwa n'elu uwe mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ - n'oge ihu igwe dị jụụ - n'elu malabary, uwe owu ogologo, ogologo ikpere. Dị ka omenala si dị, a na ekpuchi lamba n'ubu aka ekpe mana a na eke ya n'aka nri mgbe ị na-eru uju. N'etiti ụmụ nwanyị Merina tozuru etozu na (ruo n'ókè dị ala) Betsileo, na eyi ụdị dị warara nke ọdịnala na acha ọcha gburugburu ubu bụ akara nke "ịma mma, nkwanye ùgwù, nwanyị na nkwanye ùgwù maka ọdịnala" Ranaivoson, D. (2007). 100 Mots pour comprendre Madagascar.  Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. pp. 57–58.

Enwere ike iyi lambas dị warara dị ka eriri. Ndị ikom na ekpuchi ha n'ụzọ dị nro n'obi ma ọ bụ na eke ha n'úkwù, ebe ndị inyom nwere ike iyi ha n'elu ubu. A na ewu ewu ejiji yiri sash n'ihi mmetụta ndị Europe ma bụrụkwa nke ejiji nke ndị na agba egwú hiragasy.

 Mmepụta 
A na akpakarị lambas ọdịnala n'elu ákwà ala dị larịị, ụdị ákwà a na ahụkarị na Madagascar. Onye na akpa ákwà na abụkarị nwanyị ma na anọdụ ala n'otu akụkụ nke akwa ákwà ka ọ na arụ ọrụ n'ụdọ.Kusimba, Chapurukha; Odland, J. Claire; Bronson, Bennet (Eds.). Unwrapping the Textile Traditions of Madagascar. Regents of the University of California, 2004. Maka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị, ịkpa ákwà bụ ọrụ ụlọ dị mkpa iji mepụta uwe maka ndị ezinụlọ. Enwere ike ire ihe ndị fọdụrụnụ iji gbakwunye ego ezinụlọ na enweta; nke a na emekarị n'etiti Merina na Betsileo nke Highlands. Mullen Kreamer, Christine and Fee, Sarah. Objects as Envoys: Cloth, Imagery and Diplomacy in Madagascar. Smithsonian Institution, 2002.

 Dị ka nka 

Lamba akoto сове, ụdị akwa akwa mara mma nke jikọtara ya na aristocracy Merina, nwere atụmatụ geometric dị mgbagwoju anya nke omume pụrụ iche nke Merina nke iji ihe ndị ọzọ gafee akwa ahụ iji mepụta eriri dị elu. A chekwaara nkwupụta a dị ịrịba ama nke ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị andriana n'oge alaeze ukwu n'ụdị dị ala n'okpuru ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị: a chekwaara otu usoro ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya mana a na akpa atụmatụ ahụ na acha ọcha iji dọta uche dị ala na nkwupụta nke klas na njirimara agbụrụ ha mere.Spring, C. (2010). African Art in Detail. London: British Museum Press.

N'ime afọ ndị na adịbeghị anya, mmasị na (na ọchịchọ maka) ọdịnala, nke nwere àgwà dị elu nke lamba akoto сове amụbaala n'etiti ndị Madagascar, ndị njem nleta na ndị na-ahụ maka akwa, nke dugara na mmeghachi omume na mmepụta na ire ere ha na ụlọ ngosi nka dị mma na Antananarivo.Silk Textile: Lamba Akotofahana British Museum.  Accessed on November 12, 2010. Ndị na ese ihe n'oge a tụgharịrị uche ha na mbilite n'ọnwụ nke usoro oge ochie ndị a, nke a na echefu echefu, na emepụta ọrụ nka pụrụ iche gosipụtara na ngosi na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie a ma ama n'ụwa niile. Na American Museum of Natural History, dịka ọmụmaatụ, e gosipụtara lamba akoto сове nke e ji eriri silk nke ududo ọla edo na akpa akwa mepụtara. A lamba akoto сове na egosipụta ụdị dị iche iche na usoro zuru ezu nke shawls nke ndị a ma ama na eyi tupu ọchịchị ndị ọzọ, nke onye na ese ihe bụ Martin Rakotoarimanana, gosipụtara n'oge na adịbeghị anya na Metropolitan Museum of Art."Recent Acquisitions: A Selection, 1998–1999," The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 57, no. 2 (Fall, 1999).  Martin Rakotoarimanana: Textile Mantle. Accessed on November 8, 2010. Onye na ese ihe na Madagascar Madame Zo etinyela ụdị ọdịnala nke ịkpa ákwà n'ime ihe osise ya.

 Hụkwa 

 Ịkpa ákwà na Madagascar
 Uwe ábụ́bà

 Ihe edeturu 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Ụlọ ngosi Lamba 1
 Ụlọ ngosi Lamba 2
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations