Charles Bittinger

Charles Bittinger (June 27, 1879 - Disemba18, 1970) bụ onye omenkà America nke achọpụtara ojiji usoro ihe maka nchọpụta nka.  Mgbe a na-alụ Agha Mbụ Mbụ, o sokwa n'ọrụ sere onyinyo n'ịkọ ụgbọ mmiri ndị agha. 

 ndabere 
Bittinger nsogbu ma ọ na-ekwu na Washington, DC Na 1898, ọ debanyere aha na MIT, na-ezube ụtụtụ nke ụtụtụ.  Afọ ka e ịhụ, ọ ndị makwa Paris, ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Sorbonne, Ecole des Beaux Arts, na Académie Julian .  Mgbe ọ nọ na Paris, ọ zutere wee lụọ onye na-agụ egwu aha ya bụ Edith Gay.  Ozi ha la iche na US na 1907, wee biri na New York City, ebe ọ akwụkwọ na Art Students League, wee onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ekere òkè na òtù ndị a ma na ihe ngosi, National Academy  nke imewe. 

 Nnyocha igwefoto 
N'oge Agha Mbụ Mbụ, Bittinger nyere aka na ụgbọ mmiri mmiri ndị America.  Dị ka onye na-ese ihe nke a isi azụ na-enweta, ọ jere ozi na Ngalaba Naval Camouflage nke US na ngalaba ọhụrụ na Eastman Kodak Laboratories na Rochester, New York .  N'ebe ahụ, ya na ọkà-enyere aka Loyd A. Jones na ndị ọzọ rụkọrọ ọrụ na-ekiri ikiri nke akara ụgbọ mmiri Bittinger, Charles (1940), “Naval Camouflage” in U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings (October), pp. 1394–1401.

N'oge agha ahụ, ọ gbalịkwara iji ihe nzacha ndị nwere agba na-emekọ ihe n'ike, yana iji ọkụ ndị nwere agba zoo akụkụ nke ihe nkiri. Dị ka otu isiokwu dị n’otu magazin a ma ama na 1921 si kwuo, o “tere nku ụgbọ elu nke e ji cross German see n’elu ya, bụ́ nke ndị agha anyị [US] jiri ihe nrịbama nke e ji ihe nzacha uhie lee ya anya, na-egosi na ya abụghị obe German, mana uhie, ọcha na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke ndị Allies. Ya mere, ụgbọ elu nwere ike fepụ n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla n'elu ahịrị German wee laghachi n'ụlọ ọzọ n'ebughị ya egbe "( Literary Digest 1921). New York Times (1934), “First ‘Invisible’ Murals in Franklin Institute” (June 8), p. 14.

Ọ ngalaba ezinụlọ ihe nleba anya na Agha nke ndị, n'ime oge ya na Everett L. Warner rụkọrọ ọrụ.  N'afọ 1940, nke edemede ihe ihe ụgbọ mmiri na usoro nke Ndị Ọrụ Naval US . Bittinger, Charles (1940), “Naval Camouflage” in U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings (October), pp. 1394–1401.

 Nchọgharị nka-sayensị 
N'agbata Agha, Bittinger la n'azụ na Washington, DC, wee chọpụta n'iji njira eme ihe n'ichepụta ọrụ nka.  ọmụmaatụ, na 1929, o kere usoro ihe osise, na-egosi ọkwa nke ndụ Benjamin Franklin, maka Ndị Ozi Ọrụ Franklin .  ihe oyiyi ihe oyiyi, otu n'ime ha na-ese (ma nwee ike ịhụ ya) n'okpuru ọkụ ọkụ, ebe nke ọzọ na-ese (ma achọrọ ikiri) n'okpuru ọkụ ultraviolet .  [1] Afọ isii ka e ịhụ, o ihe osise ọzọ yiri nke ahụ, nke a na-ele ya anya na-mmuo, eje ụgbọ elu transatlantic a ma ama nke Charles Lindbergh, ma mgbe a na-ele ya anya site  na ngwa ngwa nke Bittinger chepụtara, akara kama ịbụ Mona Lisa .

 Eserese ndị hụrụ anya 
N'afọ 1937, ndị agha mmiri US na National Geographic Society [1] gosiri Bittinger ka o mee ihe na saịtị mkpokọta n'ehihie na Canton Island na Pacific Ocean .  N'afọ 1946, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nke ndị agha US ịkpa ka ha gbaa na ịme ihe osise nke mgbawa mbụ atomiki na Bikini Atoll, nke n'uche ya dị ugbu a na ike na US Naval.  Ebe akụkọ ihe mere eme .

 Ihe mepụtara 
Dị ka ihe ngosi nke US Patent Office si kwuo, Bittinger na-enwetara ikike ikike ndị a:

 US Patent No. 1,342,247 [June 1, 1920]: Ijikọta ebili mmiri na-atụgharị na ebugharị nke ogologo dị iche iche iji wepụta mgbanwe isiokwu na mmetụta Scenic.
 US Patent No. 1,629,250 [Mee 17, 1927]: Mmepụta na ojiji nke Diahronic Inks.
 US Patent No. 1,781,999 [March 16, 1929]: Nlegharị anya n'azụ.
 US Patent No. 1,934,310 [ya na EO Hulburt, Nọvemba 7, 1933]: Mita Visibility na Ụzọ e ji atụ ọhụhụ.

 Hụkwa 

 Camouflage
 Everett L. Warner
 Harold Van Buskirk
 Loyd A. Jones

 Ntụaka 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 WWI American ụgbọ mmiri camouflage
 Eserese na-agba agba na Operation Crossroads: Bikini Atoll