Dora Cole Norman

Dora Cole Norman (1888 - 1939) bụ onye nkuzi, onye na-agba egwu, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-ede egwuregwu na onye egwuregwu. Mgbe ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ, ọ gbara bọọlụ basketball maka otu n'ime otu egwuregwu basketball ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nke Africa-America, ụmụ nwanyị New York . Ọ kụziri maka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọha na New York na ọ bụ onye nchoputa-onye nduzi nke ndị egwuregwu agba agba na Harlem YWCA .  Ọ rụkọrọ ọrụ na WEB Dubois na mmepụta 1913 nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ya Star nke Etiopia, ma nye Paul Robeson ọrụ mbụ ya na mmalite 1920s.

 Ndụ 
Dora Cole bụ ada Robert Allen Cole, Sr., onye ọkwá nkà, na Isabella Thomas Weldon, di na nwunye America-America bụ ndị biri na Athens, Georgia mgbe nnwere onwe ma mesịa kwaga Atlanta . Nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye bụ Bob Cole, onye isi na ihe nkiri egwu ojii, a nyekwara ezinụlọ niile ụfọdụ nkuzi egwu.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Wadleigh maka ụmụ nwanyị .  Ka ọ na-erule 1904 ọ mere WEB DuBois enyi, bụ onye degara ya otu mkpụrụ obi nke ndị ojii . 

Ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Carrie, Dora Cole gbara bọọlụ bọọlụ maka New York Girls na Harlem . E hiwere klọb ahụ na 1909 dị ka onye enyemaka nwanyị nke Alfa Physical Culture Club,  klọb egwuregwu ojii mbụ nke America.  N'ime oge abụọ mbụ ya, 1909-10 na 1910-11, ndị otu New York Girls meriri egwuregwu ya niile na asọmpi New York-New Jersey, gụnyere egwuregwu ya megide ndị na-asọ mpi Spartan Girls . Dora gbara egwu etiti, nwanne ya nwanyị Carrie bụ otu n'ime ndị na-aga n'ihu.  N'ọnwa Febụwarị 1910 otu ahụ gbara Jersey Girls, na egwuregwu mbụ edekọtara n'etiti otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị ojii na-ahazi onwe ha. Cole bụ onyeisi n'akụkụ ya, akwụkwọ akụkọ na-etokwa ọrụ otu ya.  O mechara lụọ Conrad Norman (1883-1986), otu n'ime ndị hiwere Alfa Club's Jamaican, onye rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nkuzi ụmụ nwanyị New York.  Mgbe e mesịrị na ndụ ọ gbakwara tennis n'ọkwa dị elu, rute nọmba 6 na ọkwa 1921 American Tenis Association . 

Cole rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ akwụkwọ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na New York.  N'afọ 1913, ọ bụ onye nduzi nke ịgba egwu maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke DuBois Star nke Etiopia .   Charles Burroughs na-eduzi ya, ya na Daisy Tapley na-enyere aka na egwu ahụ, ihe nkiri ahụ gụnyere ihe nkedo nke ihe karịrị 300 na-eme ihe nkiri.  Na 1919 DuBois jụrụ ma ọ nwere ike inye aka meghachi omume na Columbus, Ohio . 

Dị ka Oriakụ Dora Cole Norman, ọ kụziiri ịgba egwu na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Music Settlement for Colored People na Harlem, Anne Key Simpson (1990). Hard Trials: The Life and Music of Harry T. Burleigh. p. 290. tọrọ ntọala na 1911 site na onye na-eme violin Polish-American David Mannes dị ka Harlem kwekọrọ na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Music nke Atọ Street . Okwu nkuzi Norman nke 1914 na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Egwu ka akpọsara na New York Age . 

N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, o nyeere aka na-edu Circle For Negro War Relief, bụ nke kwadoro ọdịmma mmụọ nke ndị agha America America ma nyere ha na ezinụlọ ha aka. "Dora Cole Norman". Women and the Vote NYS. Retrieved June 14, 2023. N'afọ 1915, a mụrụ nwa ya nwanyị Doretta. 

Dora Cole Norman bụ enyi Paul Robeson, mgbe ahụ bụ nwa akwụkwọ iwu na-achọsi ike,  na na 1920 mere ka ọ mee ihe n'ime ìgwè ojii ya niile, ndị egwuregwu Amateur.  Robeson rụrụ onye ndu na egwuregwu Ridgely Torrence Simon the Cyrenian na Harlem YMCA .  N'afọ ahụ, o nyekwara otu egwuregwu na olu mmalite nke Akwụkwọ Brownies, akwụkwọ akụkọ maka ụmụaka nke DuBois na AG Dill bipụtara. 

Ya na DuBois na NAACP James Weldon Johnson, ọ jere ozi na kọmitii onye isi nke America Making, ngosi ngosi New York emere na Ọktoba–November 1921 iji mee mmemme mbata na mba America. 

Na Maachị 1921 ọ rụrụ na nkwado nke ihe ngosi mgbatị ahụ kwa afọ nke Mahadum Hampton . Ọ gbara egwu ntụgharị okwu "oke mmụọ na nke siri ike" nye Melville Charlton 's Poem Erotique, yana egwu "dị egwu dị egwu" na ọnụọgụ mbụ nke Samuel Coleridge-Taylor 's Scenes sitere na Ballet Imaginary . 

Na 1926 o were ezumike otu afọ na New York Public School System ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara dị egwu na Playground and Recreational Association of America .  O dere ma na-eduzi Onyinye Loyalty's Gift, ihe nkiri akụkọ ihe mere eme na-egwu egwu na egwu egwu.  Na 12 Julaị 1926 ihe nkedo Black-Black, gụnyere ndị na-abụ abụ 800, rụrụ Onyinye Loyalty's Gift nye ndị na-ege ntị n'agụrụ agwakọta nke karịrị mmadụ 8,000 dịka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi Sesquicentennial na Philadelphia .  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na kọmitii onye isi nke Pan-African Congress nke anọ, nke e mere na New York City na 1927. 

Ada Cole Doretta nwụrụ na June 1938.   Cole n'onwe ya nwụrụ otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na 1939.

 Ejije 

 Niche . Agba Player Guild, New York.

 Ntụaka 
Isabella Thomas Weldon, di na nwunye America-America bụ ndị biri na Athens, Georgia mgbe nnwere onwe ma mesịa kwagaegwuregwu na olu mmalite nke Akwụkwọ Brownies, akwụkwọ akụkọ maka ụmụaka nke DuBoisJulaị 1926 ihe nkedo Black-Black, gụnyere ndị na-abụ abụ 800, rụrụ Onyinye Loyalty's Gift nye
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