Roland Johnson

Roland Johnson (1945).  – 1994) bụ onye na-akwado ikike nke ndị nwere ikike yana otu n'ime ndị a mụrụ Self Advocates Becoming Empowered (SABE).  Ɔ 13 afɔ institutionalized na Pennhurst State School na Hospital, ruo mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na 1971 na-esote obodo ikike ikpe, Halderman v. Pennhurst State School na Hospital

 Oge nwata 
[514                    DandÉ nwa n’ime amụ, ụmụ anụmanụ isii na ụmụ nwoke.  A Nwanna ya na otu nwanna nwoke, bụ́ Madeleine, ejima, ma n’ ike abụọ ahụ, nwanne ejima ahụ ikú mgbe ha ka dị obere.  [2] Ezin nwere ihe Johnson biri n'ọnụ ọnụ ụlọ awụ, nke mbụ na Ellsworth Street nye Christian Union Church na South Philadelphia, emesia na 2435 North Cleveland Street na North Philadelphia.  [3] Nne Johnson ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ na nna ya dị ka onye na-arụzi ụgbọala.  [4] Vera, bụ nwa mbụ, na-elekọta ụlọ ahụ, na-ekiri ndị mgbasa, na-esi nri ma na-ahụ na a rụchara ọrụ ahụ.

Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, Johnson nọrọ n'ụlọ n'ihi na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha enweghị ike ma ọ bụ na-achọghị ịnabata ya. Ọ na-ezukarị ihe oriri n'ụlọ ahịa n'ihi enweghị afọ ojuju ya. Iji taa ya ahụhụ, nne ya ga-eji mma kpoo ọkụ ma were ya gbaa aka ya ọkụ. Ọ bịara doo anya na ezinụlọ ahụ enweghị ike ilekọta nwatakịrị nwere nkwarụ, n'ihi ya, ha kpebiri iziga ya Pennhurst. 

 Pennhurst 
Na 1958, mgbe Johnson dị afá 13, nne ya gbara ndị na-agụ ndị ọzọ na-ederede wee na ya enwekwaghị ike imeri ngwaọrụ aka ná ntĩ Johnson na-eto eto.  Ha tọrọ ya na Pennhurst State School and Hospital, [6] ebe ọ ga-ebi ruo afọ 13, ruo mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na 1971 mgbe ọ dị afọ 26.

 Nkwado 
Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na Pennhurst, ọ gafere mgbanwe siri ike ịlaghachi na mpụga ụwa. Mgbe ọtụtụ ọrịa gasịrị, ọ sonyeere usoro ihe omume ụbọchị mgbaka nke nyere aka meziwanye ndụ ya. Na mmalite 1980s, Johnson tinyere aka na otu onye na-akwado onwe ya nke a na-akpọ na-ekwu maka onwe anyị, mechaa ghọọ onye isi oche nke Philadelphia isi. 

Na 1990 Johnson ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya abụọ sitere na Northeast ruo National Steering Committee on Self Advocacy, nke n'August 1991 ghọrọ Board of directors of Self Advocates Becoming Empowered (SABE). [7]

Johnson nwụrụ August 29, 1994, mgbe ọ dị afọ 48, na ọkụ ụlọ. 

 Echefuola na ụwa ọzara 
Johnson kọrọ akụkọ ndụ ya dị ka ndị ọnụ n'usoro ihe omume nke Karl Williams mere.  E eserese ya mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 2002 dị ka Echefuru n'ime ụwa Ọzara

 Ntụaka 

 Akwụkwọ akụkọ 








 Njikọ mpụga 

 " Ònye nọ na njikwa? ", isi okwu nke Roland Johnson na Mgbakọ Mbụ Mba Nile nke atọ, 14 June 1993.
 m na-aga n'ụlọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ banyere ndị bibu na mmechi nke Pennhurst; gụnyere akụkụ na Johnson.
 Ịchọta Enyemaka maka Ikwu Okwu Maka Onwe Anyị Akwụkwọ emere na Pennsylvania History Coalition Honoring People with Disability (PHCHPD).
 Voices Visionary, nchịkọta akụkọ ajụjụ ọnụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị isi nke mmegharị ikike ikike ọgụgụ isi nke Pennsylvania na Mahadum Temple, Institute on Disabilities .
 Ndị otu Roland Johnson nọ na ngọngọ nọmba 03798 nke NAMES Project, AIDS Memorial Quilt .
Òtù:Aha