Oge Picasso n'Afrịka

Picasso's African Period, nke sitere na 1906 ruo 1909, bụ oge Pablo Picasso na-ese n'ụdị nke na-enwe siri ike site na ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Africa, omenala African masks na nkà nke Egypt oge ochie, na mgbakwunye na mgba  ndị na- ndị mmadụ Africa ihe ọkpụkpụ Iberian .  na nka nke Paul Cézanne na El Greco .  Oge proto-Cubist a na-esochi Picasso's Blue Period na Rose Period ka akpọkwara oge Negro, [1] ma ọ bụ oge ojii.  [2] [3] Picasso chị achị ma kụziere nso sitere na nka Africa n'oge a, mana ọ bụkwa ọtụtụ awụ ka ọ gachara. Peter Stepan, Picasso's Collection of African & Oceanic Art: Masters of Metamorphosis, Munich: Presel, 2006.

 Okwu na oge 
Na ala afụ nke 20, a na-ebute ihe osise ndị Africa na Paris n'ihiwanye nke ƙarin ukwu France na Sub-Saharan Africa .  Ndị nta ndị na-eso na ndị ikwu okwu okwu oke iri anụ anụ na ndị dị egwu vidio nke Africa nke Dahomey.  Eya mmeso nke ndị Africa na Belgian Congo n'akwụkwọ Joseph Conrad na-ewu ewu bụ Heart of Darkness .  O nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ihu igwe a ka Picasso na ndị omenkà ndị ọzọ mgbasa ile anya n'ihe ọrụ Africa maka mkpali.  Mmasị Picasso nwere na nka Afrịka bụ Henri Matisse kpalitere nke ihe oyiyi ya ihe oyiyi Kongo-Vili osisi Matisse may have purchased this piece from Emile Heymann's shop of non-western artworks in Paris, see PabloPicasso.org.

 Joshua I. Cohen, "Picasso's African Influences," in The "Black Art" Renaissance: African Sculpture and Modernism across Continents, Oakland: University of California Press, 2020. Na May ma ọ bụ June 1907, Picasso ikike "m ike" mgbe ọ na-ekiri ihe osise Africa na ebe ngosi nka na Palais du Trocadero .  [1] [2] Nchọpụta Picasso nkà nkà ndị Africa nwere mmetụta nke echiche ya Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (mechara na July nke afɔ ahụ), na-eji ahụ ihu nke ọnụ ọgụgụ abụọ dị n'ụdị aka nri nke ihe.  Ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ maka nkà ọgbara ọhụrụ kpàwo ime ka ihe ọhụrụ Africa dị n'otu n'otu na ihu nke ọnụ ndị a, ihe mgbanwe ndị Africa e ji mee ihe atụ ndị a abụ eziokwu mgbe niile,  onye na-ese ihe na-ewere echiche sitere na ọtụtụ ọrụ.

Picasso gara n'ihu n'ịkpọ ụdị sitere na nka Africa, Egypt, na Iberia n'ime afọ ndị tupu mmalite nke usoro cubism n'ihi nke egwuregwu ya na 1910. Ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke Picasso's African Period gub Bust of a Woman (1907,  na National Gallery, Prague);  Nne na Nwatakịrị (Summer 1907, Musée Picasso, Paris);  ịgba ɔtɔ na ogwe aka ewelitere (1907, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain);  na Ụmụ atọ (Oge 1908, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg).[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]

Na ntụgharị uche ihe mere eme, a kọwapụtala okwu ole na ole ịkpọ maka anụ nke ụdị nka a maka Picasso.  Ndị Europe na-agbaziri ego site na omenala ndị na-enweta ndị nwere ike na-eme Primitivism dị ka ihe mma.  [1] Ọ bụ ebe na o doro anya na Picasso sitere n'ike nss sitere na aesthetics sitere na omenala ọ bụghị nke ya, ọtụtụ ndị na-akọ ndị mere eme na ndị nkatọ ihe na ụdị ịgbazinye ego a bụ okwu ọgbara ọhụrụ ọhụrụ. 

Ọkọ ndị mere ihe mere eme nke nka Kobena Mercer na-ekpuchi Picasso's Demoiselles d'Avignon n' akwụkwọ ya idi nka diasporic ekpuchi Njem na Lee .  Ọ na-arụ ụka na ngalaba ngbanwe nke Picasso mere n'ụdị ihe mma sitere n'ike nsso Africa bụ nke mmadụ n'otu n'otu na nke ọgbara ọhụrụ ebe ndị na-ese ihe pere mpe enyere nkwado maka onye  ọrụ ha sitere na omenala nke ha.

A pụkwara ịhụ ya dị ka nsogbu na na Demoiselles d'Avignon ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-ese ihe mkpuchi dị ka ndị Africa bụ ndị akwụna sitere na mpaghara ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie nke Barcelona. Picasso na-ekpuchi ahụ ọcha ndị a iji mee ka ndị na-ege Europe nakweere mmekọahụ ha.  Picasso n'onwe ya n'agbanyeghị na-ekwu banyere eserese "Ọ bụghị usoro aesthetic; ọ bụ ụdị anwansi nke na-etinye onwe ya n'etiti anyị na eluigwe na ala iro, ụzọ nke ijide ike site n'itinye ụdị na egwu anyị yana ọchịchọ anyị." Nye ya, ihe mkpuchi ndị a bụ njikọ nke ndị mmadụ n'etiti onwe ha na eluigwe na ala iro ọ chọrọ ka nka ya chere. 

Na February 2006, ihe ngosi ngosi "Picasso na Africa" ​​na-egosi ọrụ Picasso site n'oge Africa ya yana ọtụtụ ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Africa yiri nke ọ ga-abụ nke sitere n'ike nsso ebe e-ekiri n'  na Johannesburg, South Africa na Standard Bank Gallery.  Onye izi na-etinye aka na ihe ngosi, Marylin Martin hotara otu maka Guardian "Picasso ọ dịghị mgbe ọ depụta mmetụta nkà Africa, nke mere na ihe ngosi a adabaghị na otu ọrụ Africa na Picasso", ihe omume ọsọ nke ihe ngosi ahụ.  ebubo Picasso.  nke izu ohi mana iji gosi ka o si ga-enye weepamọ mma na-ahụ nke ya na mkpali ya.

 Hụkwa 

 Ndepụta nke ọrụ nka Picasso 1901–1910

 Ihe ndetu 

 Barr, Alfred, H, Jr. Picasso: Afọ iri ise nke nka ya (1946)
 Richardson John . Ndụ nke Picasso. The Prodigy, 1881-1906 . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991. ISBN 978-0-307-26666-8
 Richardson, John. Ndụ nke Picasso, Onye nnupụisi Cubist 1907-1916. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991. ISBN 978-0-307-26665-1
 Picasso, P., Rubin, WS, & Fluegel, J. Pablo Picasso, nlegharị anya . New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1980. ISBN 0-87070-528-8
 Rubin, WS "Primitivism" na 20th Century Art: Affinity of Tribal and the Modern . New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1984. ISBN 0-87070-534-2
 Howells, R. Omenala Anya . Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. ISBN 0-7456-2412-X