Ihe oyiyi nke Kraịst na Abbot Mena

Weitzmann, Kurt. Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century; Catalogue of the Exhibition ... Nov. 19, 1977 – Feb. 12, 1978. Metropolitan Museum of Art, Pub. in Assoc. with Princeton Univ. Press, 1979.Akara nke ịhụnanya na Abbot Mena ( French: </link> ) Ihe osise Coptic nke dị ugbu a na ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Louvre, na Paris.  [1] Akara ngị a bụ ụzọ na-egosi echeta n'elu osisi ma wetara ya site na ebe obibi ndị mọnk Apollo na Bawit, Egypt .  Akara ngosi ụdị ihe dị ka 57 by 57 centimeters (22.4 by 22.4 inches) yana ọdịiche 2 centimeters (0.79 inches) .  [1] Emebiri akara ngịga ahụ ọtụtụ awụ na ụfọdụ n'ime pigmenti na-efu ma nwee ike nwee oghere abụọ kwụ otu na-agafe na ihe ngosi a, mana ikiri ike ya ngwa ngwa.

 Nkọwa 
Belting, Hans, et al. “Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art.”, University Of Chicago Press, 1 Jan. 1997, www.abebooks.com/book-search/isbn/0226042154/.N'ihe na apụ nke 8, akara ngosi ahụ na-egosi gosiri na okpu osisi ya n'azụ ya na-eje n'ụdị Abbot Saint Menas (site na ncheta afọ nke ise, ọ bụghị ese anya na Saint Menas onye  die n'ihi nke mbụ adọ nke. AD) onye na- egosikwa halo nke na-egosi foto ya.  [1] Anyị mara na akara ngosi ahụ bụ nke nsogbu na Abbot n'ihi na e nwere ihe odide n'elu nke ọ lla n'ime isi ha na-ekwu " ΨΟΤΕΡ (Onye Nzọpụta) " na " ΑΠΑ ΜΗΝΑ ΠΡΟΕΙCΤΟC (  Nna Mena, onye ihe) " mgbe a obodo ya.  [1] N’iji Bible a haziri nke ọma nke nwere ihe ihe mma e ji ihe ngosi ngosi n’aka ekpe ya na aka nri ya n’ubu nke abbot, onye na-ekwusi ike n’ebe Mena nọ.  [1] Ha abụọ n'ụdị n'ụdị ebe abbot na-adị, ma e jiri ya-akwụkwọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ n'otu aka nke ọzọ na- elele na ngwaọrụ

ngwaọrụ, na ogwe aka gburugburu Abbot na-enye ụdị "mmeghe nye ndị mmadụ" ka ọ na-ewere ọnọdụ ya na ndị mgbasa ozi.  [1] E abụọ ha na uwe akwa na pallium, ọ bụ ebe na agba dị iche iche.  (Christ in purple with blue highlight and Mena in brown.) [2] Kraist nwere obere ajị agba gburugburu, afụ na ogologo ntutu isi na Mena nwere isi awọ na ajị agba.  [2] A na-atụ anya ka anya buru ibu na-ahụ anya ka ọ bụrụ ikwubiga okwu ókè na ihe mgbochi.  Agba agba ebe nwere ike ikiri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ na agba aja aja nke na-agwakọta na mbara igwe apricot nwere n'ụzọ doro anya imewe pụrụ afụ nke isii, na-egosi ndị Copti, otu Ndị ahịa kacha ukwuu na mpaghara.  [3] ọrịka Ijipt omenala nka nke ya na apụ nke 6 ma jiri ya akara ngosi a na ndị ọzọ dị ka ya “Obo.” Coptic Art – Oxford Bibliographies, 19 Oct. 2017, www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195396584/obo-9780195396584-0137.xml.

 Ebe obibi ndị mọnk nke Bawit 
Mgbe e gwupụtara ebe obibi ndị mmadụ nke Bawit, mara ihe oyiyi ihe a, a na-akpa ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.  A mkpuchira ụlọ niile kpuchiri ihe oyiyi nke ndị nss na otu akara ngosi nna anyị Abraham, bụ Bishọp na-akpakwa na ebe obibi ndị mọnk.  [1] N'ihi na echiche nke ndị nsò nọ na nchebe, e kere ọtụtụ ọrụ iji yie ndị ga-egosi na ahụ bụ nke onye senti;  Nke a bụ iji jide n'aka na ọ bụrụ na a ga-emesị kweta onye ahụ dị ka onye senti, mgbe ahụ ọ na-adị mkpa ịme ihe ọrụ ahụ.  [1] Ebe obibi ndị mọnk, nke dị n'adị n'ụdị mini nke osimiri Naịl, bụ ndị otu sitere na Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale gwupụtara na apụta nke iri abụọ, nke Jean Cledet na Jean Maspero duziri. Gabra, Gawdat, and Hany N. Takla. Christianity and Monasticism in Middle Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, 2015.

 Ntụaka 

 Akwụkwọ akụkọ 

 Belting, Hans, na Edmund Jephcott (2014). Ọdịdị na ọnụnọ: akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe oyiyi tupu oge nke nkà . Mahadum Chicago Press. ISBN 0226042146
 Gabra, Gawdat, na Hany N. Takla (2015). Christianity na monasticism na Middle Egypt . Mahadum America dị na Cairo Press. ISBN 9781617976414
 Meinardus, Otto FA (2016). puku afọ abụọ nke Iso Ụzọ Kraịst Coptic . Mahadum America dị na Cairo Press. ISBN 9789774167454
 "Obo." Marie de France (2017). Ọmụmụ ihe ochie – Akwụkwọ akụkọ Oxford, 20 Nov.
 Weitzmann, Kurt (1979). Afọ nke ime mmụọ: oge ochie na nka Ndị Kraịst oge mbụ, narị afọ nke atọ ruo nke asaa . Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Metropolitan.