Pearl Argyle

.Pearl Argyle (amụrụ Pearl Wellman; 7 Nọvemba 1910 – 29 Jenụarị 1947) bụ onye na-agba egwu ballet na South Africa.  Ọ pụtara na onye isi ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ballet Bekee n'afọ ndị 1930 wee mee n'ọgbọ egwu na ihe nkiri.

 Ndụ mmalite na ọzụzụ 
A mụrụ Argyle na Johannesburg, ada Ernest James Wellman na Mary Wellman. Debra Craine and Judith Mackrell, "Argyle, Pearl", in The Oxford Dictionary of Dance (Oxford University Press, 2000).

O buru ụzọ banye akụkọ ihe mere eme ịgba egwu na etiti 1920, mgbe ọ pụtara na London wee debanye aha na klas ballet na ụlọ akwụkwọ Nikolai Legat, na Colet Gardens, na Dame Marie Rambert, na Notting Hill Gate. N'ebe ahụ ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na ndị otu Rambert's Ballet Club mara ya dị ka Pearl Argyle, ndị na-eme egwuregwu nke Ballet Rambert ga-esi na ya pụta. Kathrine Sorley Walker, "Ballet Rambert," Dance Gazette (London), no. 174 (June 1980), pp. 5-11. N'etiti ndị òtù klọb ndị ọzọ n'oge ahụ bụ onye na-emepụta egwu egwu Sir Frederick Ashton, bụ onye ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ọrụ ya na ọkwa ballet. [ a chọrọ nkọwa ]

 Ballet 
N'oge Argyle gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Rambert Ballet, Ashton bụ onye na-agba egwú bụ isi nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri yana onye na-egwu egwu egwu. Ọ chetara na ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ na-eme ihere, na-akparị anya mgbe a na-agwa ya okwu, mana ọ bụ onye mara mma na onye na-agba egwu mara mma. Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ, ọmarịcha ọdịdị ya masịrị ya ozugbo. O jiri ya tụnyere onye na-eme ihe nkiri Greta Garbo ma kpọọ ya "nwanyị kachasị mma nke ọgbọ ya." N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ ghọrọ ihe ngosi ya, na-akpali ya ịmepụtara ya ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ballet mbụ ya. Julie Kavanagh, Secret Muses: The Life of Frederick Ashton (New York: Pantheon Books, 1996).

Argyle bụ onye dị mkpa n'òtù Rambert nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eme ihe nkiri na njedebe 1920 na nke Ballet Club na Camargo Society na-esote, site na 1930 ruo 1935. Marie Rambert, Quicksilver: An Autobiography (London: Macmillan, 1972). N'ikpeazụ, ọ bụ onye isi ịgba egwu na Vic-Wells Ballet site na 1936 ruo 1938. Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị o ji agba egwu n'ime afọ ndị a bụ ndị na-esonụ. David Vaughan, Frederick Ashton and His Ballets (New York: Knopf, 1977), pp. 452 et seq. Mary Clarke, The Sadler's Wells Ballet: A History and an Appreciation (New York: Macmillan, 1956), pp. 112, 115, 324.

 1927. The Fairy-Queen, opera nke Henry Purcell, nwere egwu nke Marie Rambert na Frederick Ashton. Ọrụ: Ịgba egwu nke ndị na-eso abalị, onye na-eje ozi na Summer, na Chaconne.
 1928. Nymphs na ndị ọzụzụ atụrụ, egwu egwu nke Frederick Ashton, egwu Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (nke sitere na Les Petits Riens ). Ọrụ: Passepied, ya na William Chappell; Gavotte Joyeuse, ya na Andrée Howard na Harold Turner; na Courante, ya na Andrée Howard, Harold Turner, na William Chappell.
 1928. Leda, choreography nke Frederick Ashton na Marie Rambert, egwu nke Christoph Willibald Gluck (egwu ballet sitere na Orfeo ed Euridice ). Ọrụ: a Naiade. Emechara degharịa ka Leda na Swan, nke Ashton na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọrụ: a nymph.
 1929. The Ballet of Mars and Venus, choreography nke Marie Rambert, egwu nke Domenico Scarlatti, nke Constant Lambert mere. Ọrụ: Venus.
 1930. Capriol Suite, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Peter Warlock, na isiokwu sitere na Thoinot Arbeau's Orchesographie . Ọrụ: Basse Danse na Pieds en l'Air, ha na ndị ọzọ so na ensemble.
 1930. Foto Florentine, ihe egwu nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Arcangelo Corelli. Ọrụ: mmụọ ozi.
 1931. La Péri, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu Paul Dukas. Ọrụ: onye ibe.
 1931. Facade, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke William Walton. Ọrụ: Valse, ya na Diana Gould, Maude Lloyd, na Prudence Hyman . Na mmepụta 1935 maka Vic-Wells Ballet, Argyle kere ọrụ nke Maiden in Country Dance, ya na Richard Ellis dị ka A Yokel na Robert Helpmann dị ka Squire.
 1931. The Lady of Shallot, ballet nke Frederick Ashton, mgbe uri nke Alfred, Lord Tennyson, egwu nke Jean Sibelius. Ọrụ: Nwanyị Shallot.
 1931. The Lord of Burleigh, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. Ọrụ: Adeline. Na mmepụta 1937 maka Vic-Wells Ballet, Argyle gbara egwu ọrụ isi nke Lady Clara Vere de Vere.
 1932. Ngosipụta dị nkenke na Ballyhoo na The Haymarket Theatre, London tupu ọ banye na Ballet Rambert.  Derek Tangye, author, of The Minack Chronicles series of books.
 1932, Mmetụta 1805, ballet nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Franz Schubert. Ọrụ: Récamier. Na revival 1933 n'okpuru aha Récamier, Argyle gbakwara egwu egwu Madame Recamier ọzọ.
 1933. Les Masques, ou Changement de Dames, ballet Frederick Ashton, egwu Francis Poulenc. Ọrụ: Nwunye nke Mmadụ, nke Frederick Ashton na-egwuri.
 1934. Bar aux Folies-Bergère, choreography nke Ninette de Valois, egwu nke Emmanuel Chabrier, nke Constant Lambert haziri. Ọrụ: La Fille au Bar.
 1934. The Mermaid, choreography nke Andrée Howard, egwu nke Maurice Ravel. Ọrụ: The Little Mermaid.
 1935. Valentine's Eve, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Maurice Ravel. Ọrụ: Phryné.
 1935. Le Basier de la Fée, choreography nke Frederick Ashton, egwu nke Igor Stravinsky. Ọrụ: The Fairy.
 1936. The Gods Go a-Arịọ, choreography nke Ninette de Valois, egwu George Friedrich Handel. Ọrụ: Nwanyị Na-eje ozi, na-emegide William Chappell dịka Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ.
 1938. Le Roi Nu, choreography nke Ninette de Valois, egwu nke Jean Françaix. Ọrụ: The Empress.

Argyle hapụrụ London na 1933 ịga Paris, bụ ebe ya na ụlọ ọrụ George Balanchine na-adị mkpụmkpụ Les Ballets 1933 gbara egwu, nke Tamara Toumanova na Tilly Losch na-edu. Bernard Taper, Balanchine: A Biography (New York: Times Books, 1984. Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1996), p. 142. Laa azụ na London na 1934, ọ laghachiri na Ballet Club wee mepụta ọrụ nke onye na-ere mmanya na Ninette de Valois's Bar aux Folies-Bergère, nke sitere na eserese a ma ama nke Édouard Manet. (E mechara were ọrụ a Elisabeth Schooling, bụ onye nwere ọdịdị dị ịrịba ama na nwa agbọghọ ahụ na eserese Manet.) Dị ka Fille du Bar, Argyle na Alicia Markova na-ekerịta ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka onye na-agba egwú La Goulue na Frederick Ashton dị ka onye òtù ọlụlụ ya. Valentin le désossé . Beth Genné, The Making of a Choreographer: Ninette de Valois and Bar aux Folies-Bergère (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996). Argyle mekwara aha aha na Andrée Howard's The Mermaid, dabere na akụkọ Hans Christian Andersen "The Little Mermaid," nke bụ ọrụ ọhụrụ ikpeazụ ya maka Ballet Club. Debra Craine and Judith Mackrell, "Argyle, Pearl," in The Oxford Dictionary of Dance (Oxford University Press, 2000). Ọ pụtakwara na ballet ndị ọzọ na repertory ụlọ ọrụ, ọkachasị Les Sylphides na Mma ụra . N'ikpeazụ, a na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye mbụ na-agba egwú Britain nke mere Marius Petipa's choreography for the grand pas de deux''' in act 3. "Pearl Argyle, One of the Most Graceful and Musical Ballerinas," Dance Direct website, https://web.archive.org/web/20150321220641/http://www.dancedirect.com/uk/Press/Article/1273/. Retrieved 13 October 2015.

Na 1935, Argyle hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ Rambert ịbanye na Vic-Wells Ballet dị ka onye isi ịgba egwu. Gordon Anthony, "Pioneers of the Royal Ballet: Pearl Argyle," Dancing Times (London, February 1979), p. 252. ) N'ime otu a, nke Lillian Baylis na de Valois haziri iji mee na Old Vic Theatre na Sadler's Wells Theatre, o kere ọrụ abụọ dị mkpa. Ụdị Ashton nke Le Baiser de la Fée ( The Fairy's Kiss ) dabeere na akụkọ Hans Christian Andersen, "The Ice Maiden." Na aha aha nke The Fairy, e kwuru na Argyle si "oyi classicism nke Ashton ji magically mee ihe." N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gbara egwu na de Valois ballet ọzọ sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ site na eserese, a fête gallante nke Antoine Watteau, onye isi French narị afọ nke iri na asatọ nke ihe nkiri bucolic na ihe na-adịghị mma. Na The Gods Go a-Begging (1936), Argyle kere ọrụ dị mkpa nke nwa agbọghọ na-eje ozi. Clarke, The Sadler's Wells Ballet (1956), pp. 112, 115, 324. Ọ hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ Vic-Wells mana ọ laghachiri na 1938 iji mepụta ọrụ na ballet ọzọ sitere n'akụkọ Hans Christian Andersen, "Akwa ọhụrụ nke Emperor." Ịgba egwu ọrụ nke Empress na de Valois's Le Roi Nu, ọ meriri otuto ọzọ site na ndị na-ege ntị nwere obi ụtọ. Kathrine Sorley Walker, Ninette de Valois: Idealist without Illusions (London: Dance Books, 1987), p. 354.

 Ogbo na ihuenyo 
Na 1932, ọ bụ ihe ndekọ na Argyle pụtara na Ballyhoo, revue na London's Comedy Theater starring Hermione Baddeley na George Sanders, na egwu na ensembles site Buddy Bradley na ballets nke Frederick Ashton . Ọ gbara egwu na ọnụọgụ anọ: (1) Site na Candlelight, ya na Walter Crisham, John Byron, na The Girls; (2) Mediterranean Madness, na Walter Gore dị ka Matelot; (3) N'ebe dị anya karịa igwe mmadụ, ya na Walter Crisham na ndị ọzọ; na (4) Ballet maka anọ Pianos na Orchestra, ya na Walter Gore, John Byron, na The Girls.

E wezụga nke ahụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ihe a maara maka ọdịdị ya na ụlọ ihe nkiri egwu. N'afọ 1938, ọ lụrụ onye na-eme fim ma kwaga United States, mechaa biri na California. N'ebe ahụ, ọ pụtara na Charlot's Revuette, nke André Charlot mere na El Capitan Theatre na Hollywood na Rita Hayworth na-egwu egwu. André Charlot Papers, 1910-1945, University of California, Los Angeles, Library, Special Collections.

Otú ọ dị, a maara nke ọma banyere ọdịdị Argyle na ihe nkiri, ekele maka ozi dị na Margaret Herrick Library na Beverly Hills, California. Ọbá akwụkwọ a, akwụkwọ ntụaka na nchịkọta nyocha ewepụtara na akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmepe nke eserese ihe nkiri ahụ, nwere ndekọ na-egosi na Argyle so na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ma ọ dịkarịa ala ise ihe nkiri:

 1932) Abalị ahụ na London, nke a makwaara dị ka Over Night . Mmepụta ihe nkiri London. E mere ihe nkiri na Elstree. Hertfordshire, England. N'ime ihe nkiri mpụ a, Argyle nwere ọrụ egwu, na-emegide Robert Donat, na-eme mpụta ihe nkiri ya.
 1934) Chu Chin Chow, makwaara dị ka Ali Baba Nights . Foto ndị dị na Gainsborough. Emere ihe nkiri na Islington, London, England. N'okwu egwu a nke "Ali Baba na ndị ohi iri anọ," Argyle pụtara dị ka Marjanah, nwa agbọghọ na-eje ozi, ya na George Robey dị ka Ali Baba, Fritz Kortner dị ka Abu Hasan, na Anna May Wong dị ka Zahrat.
 1935) Adventure Ltd. British & Dominions Film Corporation. Emere ihe nkiri na Elstree, Hertfordshire, England. N'ime ihe onyonyo nke onye odee onye Britain bụ Cyril Campion dere, Argyle ya na Harry Milton na Sebastian Shaw mere ya.
 1935) Royal Cavalcade, makwaara dị ka Regal Cavalcade . Foto ndị mba ụwa nke Britain. Emere ihe nkiri na Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, England. Iji na-echeta jubili ọlaọcha nke Eze George V, ihe nkiri a, nke e mere n'usoro nke akwụkwọ akụkọ March nke Time, na-emegharị ihe ndị pụtara ìhè n'ime afọ iri abụọ na ise gara aga. Argyle pụtara dị ka Anna Pavlova.
 1936) Ihe ndị ga-abịa . Mmepụta ihe nkiri London. Emere ihe nkiri na Denham, Buckinghamshire, England. Ọ bụ HG Wells dere ihe nkiri a na-egosi akụkọ ifo sayensị, dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya The Shape of Things to Come . Ọ bụ Alexander Korda mepụtara ya wee bụrụ William Cameron Menzies duziri ya. Argyle kpakpando n'akụkụ Raymond Massey, Ralph Richardson, Margaretta Scott, na Cedric Hardwicke .
 1938) Ndị nka atọ . Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Britain (BBC West). Ihe nkiri na Alexandra Palace, Alexandra Palace Way, Muswell Hill, London, England. Argyle pụtara dị ka onwe ya, otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe atọ a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ.
 1940) Abali na Disemba, nke a makwaara dị ka Dezembernacht na abalị na Disemba'' . Ihe nkiri Metzger et Woog. Emere ihe nkiri na Paris. Ihe nkiri ịhụnanya a banyere piano virtuoso (Pierre Blanchar) bụ onye hụrụ nwa agbọghọ dị omimi n'anya ( Renée Saint-Cyr ) Argyle na-arụ ọrụ nke "Betty, la jeune ballerine."

 Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ 
Na 1936, Argyle lụrụ onye isi ihe nkiri German Curtis Bernhardt (1899-1981), nke a maara dị ka Kurt, The Bystander, 17 June 1936, page 30. na nwa ha nwoke Steven mụrụ na February 1937. Mgbe agha dara na Europe na 1939, ezinụlọ ahụ gbapụrụ Nazi Germany maka nchekwa America, mechaa biri na Los Angeles. "Steven Bernhardt, Film Producer and Director" obituary, Los Angeles Times, 26 August 1999.

Na 1947, mgbe ọ dị afọ 36, Argyle nwụrụ n'ihi ọbara ọgbụgba ụbụrụ na mberede mgbe ọ na-eleta di ya na New York. E liri ya na ogige ncheta Forest Lawn na Glendale, California, n'okpuru aha ọlụlụ ya, Pearl Bernhardt. [ a chọrọ nkọwa ]

 Edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 


 Pearl Argyle at Theatricalia
 Portraits of Pearl Argyle at the National Portrait Gallery, London 
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations