Diop Mambéty

Djibril Diop Mambéty (January 1945 - July 23, 1998) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke Senegal, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, ọkà okwu, onye na'ede egwu na onye na-ede uri. Ọ bụ ezie na o mere naanị ihe nkiri abụọ na ihe nkiri ise dị mkpirikpi, ha nwetara otuto mba ụwa maka usoro ihe nkiri mbụ na nke nnwale na ụdị akụkọ na-abụghị nke a na-ahụkarị.

A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ ndị Alakụba dị nso na Dakar, isi obodo Senegal, Mambéty bụ onye agbụrụ Wolof. Ọ nwụrụ na 1998 mgbe a na-agwọ ya maka ọrịa kansa akpa ume n'ụlọ ọgwụ Paris.

 Akụkọ ndụ 
A mụrụ Djibril Diop Mambéty na Colobane, Senegal, obodo dị nso n'isi obodo Senegal nke Dakar nke ọ ga-egosipụta n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ya. Mambéty bụ nwa nke onye ụkọchukwu Alakụba na onye otu agbụrụ Lebou. Mambéty nwere mmasị na ihe nkiri sinima malitere na ihe nkiri. Ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ime ihe nkiri na Senegal, Mambéty rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Daniel Sorano National Theater na Dakar ruo mgbe a chụpụrụ ya n'ihi ihe gbasara ịdọ aka ná ntị.

N'afọ 1969, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na atọ, na-enweghị ọzụzụ ọ bụla na ime ihe nkiri, Mambéty duziri ma mepụta ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ ya, Contras' City (City of Contrasts). N'afọ sochirinụ, Mambéty mere obere ihe ọzọ, Badou Boy, nke meriri Silver Tanit award na 1970 Carthage Film Festival na Tunisia.

Ihe nkiri mbụ nke Mambéty, Touki Bouki (1973), nwetara onyinye International Critics Award na Cannes Film Festival ma merie Special Jury Award na Moscow Film Festival, na-eweta onye nduzi Senegalese nke mba ụwa nlebara anya na otuto. N'agbanyeghị ihe ịga nke ọma nke ihe nkiri ahụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ gafere tupu Mambéty emee ihe nkiri ọzọ. N'oge a, o mere otu ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na 1989, Parlons Grandmère (Ka anyị kwuo Grandmother).

Hyens (1992), ihe nkiri nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ nke Mambéty, bụ mgbanwe nke egwuregwu Friedrich Dürrenmatt The Visit ma chepụta ya dị ka ịga n'ihu nke Touki Bouki. N'oge ọnwụ ya, onye nduzi ihe nkiri ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na trilogy nke ihe nkiri mkpirikpi a na-akpọ Contes des Petites Gens (Tales of the Little People). Nke mbụ n'ime ihe nkiri atọ ahụ bụ Le Franc (1994). N'oge ọnwụ ya, Mambéty nọ na-edezi ihe nkiri nke abụọ nke usoro ahụ, La Petite Vendeuse de Soleil (The Little Girl Who Sold the Sun), nke e gosipụtara mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1999.

Na July 23, 1998, Mambéty nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa akpa ume mgbe ọ dị afọ 53 n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Paris, France.

Ọ bụ isiokwu nke ihe nkiri ihe nkiri 2008 Mambéty For Ever . 

 Ọrụ ihe nkiri 

 Obodo ndị ọzọ 
Ihe nkiri mbụ nke Djibril Diop Mambéty, obere ihe akpọrọ Contras'city (1968), gosipụtara ọdịiche nke cosmopolitanism na ngosipụta na-enweghị mgbochi na ụlọ Dakar na ndụ ndị Senegalese. Isiokwu Mambéty na- ugboro ugboro nke ngwakọta - ngwakọta nke ihe ndị sitere na precolonial Africa na colonial West na ọnọdụ neocolonial Africa - apụtalarị ìhè na Contras'city, nke a na-ewere dị ka ihe nkiri mbụ na-atọ ọchị nke Africa.

 Nwa nwoke Badou 

'afọ 1970, Mambéty wepụtara mkpirikpi ya ọzọ, Badou Boy, anya mkparị ọzọ na isi obodo Senegal nke sochiri ihe omume nke onye nduzi ahụ kọwara dị ka "onye na-eme omume rụrụ arụ n'okporo ámá nke dị nnọọ ka m". Asọmpi ahụ na-eme ka onye na-ekwenyeghị na onye uwe ojii na-enweghị isi nke na-achụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri site na ihe omume ndị na-agaghị ekwe omume. Badou Boy na-eme emume obodo mepere emepe mgbe ọ na-eme ka steeti ahụ dị egwu.

 Touki Bouki 
N'ịbụ nke ọtụtụ ndị weere dị ka ihe nkiri ya kachasị egwu na nke kachasị mkpa, ihe ngosi mbụ nke Mambéty, Touki Bouki (The Hyena's Journey) mepụtara n'ụzọ zuru ezu isiokwu mbụ ya nke ngwakọta na nkewa na nkewa. Dabere na akụkọ na edemede nke ya, Djibril Diop Mambéty mere Touki Bouki na mmefu ego nke $ 30,000 - nwetara n'akụkụ ụfọdụ site na gọọmentị Senegal. Ọ bụ ezie na French New Wave nwere mmetụta, Touki Bouki na-egosipụta ụdị nke ya. Ọrụ igwefoto ya na ụda olu ya nwere ụda na-enweghị atụ nke ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Afrịka - nke a maara maka akụkọ ha na-akpachara anya, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe. Site na ịwụli elu, ịmegharị ihe, ụda ụda na-adịghị mma, na ijikọta ụda nke oge a, nke ọzụzụ atụrụ na nke oge a na ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya, Touki Bouki na-ebugharị ma na-ejide ngwakọta nke Senegal. Ndị na-ahụ n'anya abụọ, Mory na Anta, na-eche echiche banyere ịgbapụ Dakar maka akụkọ ifo na ịhụnanya France. Ihe nkiri ahụ na-eso ha ka ha na-anwa ịkwụ ụgwọ ma na-eme ka ego maka mgbapụ ha. Ha abụọ rutere n'ụgbọ mmiri nke ga-eburu ha gaa Paris, mana tupu ọ rịtuo, a dọtara Mory na Dakar ma ghara ịdaba na aghụghọ nke West. Touki Bouki meriri Special Jury Award na Moscow Film Festival na International Critics Award na Cannes.

 Touki Bouki nọ n'ọkwa #52 na magazin Empire "The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema" na 2010.  

 Hyens 
Ntinye aka Africa nke egwuregwu Switzerland a ma ama nke Friedrich Dürrenmatt, The Visit, Hyens (Hyenas) na-akọ akụkọ Linguere Ramatou, nwanyị meworo agadi, bara ọgaranya nke na-eleghachi n'obodo ya - na nke Mambéty - nke Colobane. Linguere na-enye ndị Colobane ihe na-enye nsogbu ma na-enye ha ihe okomoko iji mee ka ha kwenye. Nwanyị a na-ewe iwe, "dị ka ọgaranya dị ka Ụlọ Akụ̀ Ụwa," ga-enye Colobane akụ na ụba iji gbanwere ogbugbu nke Dramaan Drameh, onye na-ere ahịa n'ógbè ahụ nke gbahapụrụ ya mgbe ọ nwesịrị mmekọahụ na ime ime ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. Akụkọ ịhụnanya na ịbọ ọbọ n'etiti Linguere na Dramaan yiri nkatọ nke neocolonialism na African consumerism. Mambéty kwuru n'otu oge, "Anyị ereela mkpụrụ obi anyị n'ụzọ dị ọnụ ala. A na-eme ya ma ọ bụrụ na anyị rere mkpụrụ obi anyị maka ego" Hyens's Last Laugh Ọ bụ ezie na ihe odide ya dị iche, Mambétys weere Hyènes dị ka ihe na-aga n'ihu nke Touki Bouki na nyocha ọzọ nke isiokwu ya nke ike na isi mgbaka. Wasis Diop, nwanne nwoke nke Djibril Diop Mambéty, bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụda nke ihe nkiri ahụ.Ọ bụ California Newsreel Productions na-ekesa ihe nkiri ahụ.

 Ebe a na-akpọ Franc 
Ihe nkiri mbụ a na trilogy Mambéty na-akparaghị ókè, Contes des Petites Gens (Tales of Little People), Le Franc (1994) na-eji mbelata nke gọọmentị France nke CFA Franc iji kwuo maka atụmatụ ndị na-enweghị isi ndị mmadụ na-emepụta iji lanarị usoro nke na-akwụ ụgwọ anyaukwu karịa uru. Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara onye egwu dara ogbenye, Marigo, onye na-enweta nkasi obi n'ịkpọ egwu congoma ya, nke e weghaara n'ihi ụgwọ ya. Marigo na-egwu lọtrị, n'agbanyeghị mmeri, ọ na-ezute ihe mgbochi iji nweta ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ. Ihe nkiri a bụ ma slapstick ma ihe nnọchianya nke ụdị lọtrị nke na-abara ụfọdụ uru ma na-egbochi ndị ọzọ na akụ na ụba ụwa. Le Franc bụ akụkụ nke ọrụ ahụ, Three Tales from Senegal nke gụnyekwara "Picc Mi" (Little Bird) na "Fary l'anesse" (Fary the Donkey).Ọ bụ California Newsreel Productions na-ekesa ihe nkiri ahụ.

 Nwaanyị Na-ere Anyanwụ 
Dị ka akụkụ nke abụọ na trilogy nke Mambéty na-ebuli ndụ na nkwa a hụrụ n'etiti ndị Senegalese nkịtị, ihe nkiri nkeji 45, La Petite Vendeuse de Soleil (The Little Girl Who Sold the Sun) gosipụtara nwa agbọghọ na-arịọ arịrịọ, Sili, onye ji obi ike na-agafe obodo nke ihe mgbochi, na-ezere otu ndị na-eme ihe ike, ma na-ere akwụkwọ akụkọ iji nweta ego maka onwe ya na nne nne ya kpuru ìsì. Mambéty raara ihe nkiri ikpeazụ ya nye "obi ike nke ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá". Onye isi ya, Sili, jisiri ike mee ka nke a bụrụ anya ọmịiko na nchekwube na ọgụ na ikike nke ndị Afrịka kacha emegbu - ndị na-eto eto, ndị inyom, ndị ogbenye, ndị nwere nkwarụ. Ihe nkiri ahụ na-esonyere akara nke nwanne Mambéty, Wasis Diop. A họọrọ ihe nkiri a dị ka otu n'ime ihe nkiri iri kachasị mma nke afọ 2000 site na Village Voice. Onye nyocha maka The New York Times, A.O. Scott kọwara ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka "ọrụ magburu onwe ya nke ụmụ mmadụ a na-ekwughị okwu ọma". 

Vlad Dima, prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ French, kọwara mgbanwe Mambéty "n'etiti ụda synchronous na asynchronou" na fim ya dị ka ụzọ maka ndị na-ekiri ya ịkwaga site na "ụgbọ elu a na-ahụ anya" gaa na "ụmụ akụkọ a na-akọ". Dima -enye ihe atụ nke usoro a dị ka a hụrụ na mmalite nke Contras'city mgbe egwu French na-eso ihe ngosi nke ụlọ nzukọ Dakar nke French; ọkọlọtọ Senegal, nkwụsị nke egwu, na olu nke onye na-ekwu "Dakar. "

 Ihe nkiri 

 Ihe nkiri ndị a ma ama 

 Touki Bouki (nke a na-akpọkwa The Journey of the Hyena) (1973), International Critic's Prize na Cannes na Special Jury Prize Moscow Film Festival
 Hyens (1992) 

 Ihe nkiri ndị dị mkpirikpi 

 Obodo Contras (1968) 
 Nwa nwoke Badou (1970) 
 Ka anyị kwuo nne ochie (Ka anyị kwuo nne nne) (1989) 
 Frank (1994) 
 Onye Na-ere Akpịrị Ọnụ (1999) 

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Mambéty bụ nwanne nwoke nke onye egwu Wasis Diop na nwanne nna nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nduzi Mati Diop, nwa nwanyị Wasis Diup. Ọ bụ nna Teemour Diop Mambety.

 Hụkwa 

 Ihe nkiri Afrịka

 Edensibia 

 Na Ncheta nke Djibril Diop Mambety

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations