Basil Schonland

Sir Basil Ferdinand Jamieson Schonland OMG CBE FRS  (2 Febụwarị 1896 - 24 Nọvemba 1972) bụ onye a ma ama maka nyocha ya gbasara àmụ̀mà,  itinye aka na mmepe nke Radar n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na ịbụ onye isi oche mbụ nke South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. 

 Ọmụmụ na nne na nna 
A mụrụ ya na Grahamstown, Cape Colony na Selmar Schonland (onye na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na onye guzobere Mahadum Rhodes) na Flora MacOwan, nwa nwanyị Peter MacOwan.

 Mmụta 
N'afọ 1910, Schonland debara aha ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ na St. Andrew's College dị ka nwa akwụkwọ kachasị elu na Cape Province. O mechara gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Rhodes na Gonville na Caius College, Cambridge n'afọ 1914-15 na 1919-20.

 Ọrụ Agha Ụwa Mbụ 
N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Schonland wepụtara onwe ya maka ọrụ ma rụọ ọrụ na Signal Service nke Royal Engineers na France 1915-18. A merụrụ ya ahụ na Arras, a kpọtụrụ ya aha na despatches ma nye ya OBE.

 Nnyocha mbụ 
Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na-eme nchọpụta na Cavendish Laboratory, Mahadum Cambridge ebe ọ mụrụ gbasara mgbasa nke beta particles. N'afọ 1922, Schonland laghachiri South Africa wee were ọrụ na Mahadum Cape Town dị ka onye nkuzi ma mesịa bụrụ Prọfesọ nke Physics.

 Alụmdi na nwunye na ụmụ 
Na 1923, Schonland lụrụ Isabel Craib ma nwee otu nwa nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ.

 Ụlọ Ọrụ Bernard Price 
Ọ hapụrụ Cape Town na 1937 ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke Bernard Price Institute of Geophysics na Mahadum Witwatersrand ebe o nyere aka dị ukwuu na ọmụmụ nke ọkụ eletrik ikuku, na-ese foto àmụ̀mà ma na-enyocha ubi eletrik nke igwe ojii na-emepụta. highveld nke South Africa nwere nnukwu égbè eluigwe nke nyere ọtụtụ ihe maka ọrụ ya. N'oge a, ọ nọrọ otu afọ agụmakwụkwọ na Cavendish Laboratory, 1927-28.

 Ọrụ Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ 
Dị ka Lt Col, Schonland nyere iwu ka South African Special Signals Services malite mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ malitere ma duzie mmepe nke usoro radar nke South Africa. N'afọ 1941, ọ gara England iji nwetakwuo ngwá ọrụ maka South Africa mana Sir John Cockcroft rịọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke Army Operational Research Group nke Air Defence Research and Development Establishment (AORG) na Richmond, Surrey 1941-44. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, AORG nyere aka dị ukwuu n'ọtụtụ ngalaba, ọkachasị n'iji radar eme ihe site n'aka ndị agha. Ka ọ na-erule 1944 ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ sayensị nke Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery na 21st Army Group na England, France na Belgium. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha agha ahụ, o nwere ọkwa brigadier.

 Ọrụ sayensị mgbe agha gasịrị 
N'afọ 1945, Schonland laghachiri South Africa na nkwenye nke General Jan Smuts, praịm minista, iji guzobe Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. Ọ maliteghachiri ọrụ ya dị ka onye nduzi nke Bernard Price Institute na Mahadum Witwatersrand, na 1951 ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke Mahadum Rhodes, na-ejigide ọnọdụ a ruo 1962. N'afọ 1954, Schonland ghọrọ osote onye nduzi na onye nduzi nke Atomic Energy Research Establishment na Harwell, Oxfordshire.

 Ịbụ onye isi 
Queen Elizabeth nke Abụọ mere ya knight na 1960 dị ka Knight Bachelor maka ọrụ ya na sayensị Britain.

 Ịla ezumike nká na ọnwụ 
Ọ lara ezumike nká n'ụlọ ezinụlọ dị nso na Winchester, na Hampshire, ma nwụọ mgbe ọ rịasịrị ọrịa ogologo oge na 24 Nọvemba 1972.

 Onyinye 
E nyere ya OBE (agha), 1919; CBE (agha), 1944; na knighthood, 1960. E nyere ya Ihe nrite Chree na ihe nrite na 1943, Ihe nrite Hughes na 1945, Ihe nrite Elliott Cresson na 1950, gosipụtara Bernard Price Memorial Lecture na 1951 ma kpọọ ya ka ọ nye Wilkins Lecture na 1955. Ọ bụ onye na-asọpụrụ na Gonville na Caius College, Cambridge, 1959-72. N'afọ 1999, a họpụtara ya dị ka "Scientist of the Century" nke South Africa ma n'afọ 2002 e nyere ya Order of Mapungubwe - Gold class (OMG) maka ọrụ ya na sayensị na South Africa.

 Ebe Nnyocha Schonland 
The Nuclear Physics Research Unit nke Mahadum nke Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, nke Friedel Sellschop, onye na-esote Prọfesọ Schonland, guzobere, a gbanwere aha ya na Schonland Research Centre na 1984.

 Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara 

 Eletrik ikuku (1932)   
 Ụgbọelu nke Thunderbolts (1950)   
 Ndị Atomist 1805-1933 (1968)   

Lady Schonland nyere akwụkwọ nyocha Schonland na Churchill Archives Centre na 1973. 

 Hụkwa 

 Harwell Synchrocyclotron

 Ihe edeturu 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Akwụkwọ nke Sir Basil Schonland
 Akụkọ ndụ Basil SchonlandnaS2A3Biographical Database nke Southern African Science
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations