Georgia Mabel DeBaptiste

Georgia Mabel DeBaptiste (November 24, 1867 - Eprel 20, 1951) bụ onye nta akụkọ Afrika-Amerika, onye nkuzi na onye ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya si Chicago. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya, ọ kụziri ihe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị isi ojii dị iche iche a ma ama tupu ọ bụrụ nwanyị mbụ sitere n'Afrịka were ya n'ọrụ na Ụlọ ọrụ Biputere Chicago. 

Ya na di mbụ ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ na Liberia ma kụzie na Ụlọ akwụkwọ Liberia. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, ọ biri na New York ma rụọ ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya n'ụlọ obibi dị n'ógbè ahụ tupu ọ lụọ di ọzọ ma kwaga Virginia. Ọ kụziri obere oge na Virginia wee laghachi Chicago, ebe ọ nọrọ ndụ ya niile na arụ ọrụ obodo.

 Oge ọ malitere 
A mụrụ Georgia Mabel DeBaptiste na Nọvemba 24, 1867, na Chicago na Georgianna Brischo na Richard H. DeBaptise . [1][2] Ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ na naanị nwa nwanyị n'ime ụmụnne atọ.[3][4] Nne ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ isii, ọ bụkwa nna ya, bụ́ onye ode akwụkwọ a ma ama na onye nkwusa, zụlitere ya.

Dị ka onye ntorobịa, ọ sonyeere ọgbakọ nna ya, Olivet Baptist Church na Chicago. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na Chicago, gụọ akwụkwọ egwu na Chicago Musical College wee malite agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na South Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Division, mana n'oge ọ na agụ akwụkwọ, nna ya kwagara Evanston, Illinois. [1] [5]

Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Evanston Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Township,   wee gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Knox College na Galesburg, Illinois.[6][5]

 Ọrụ 
Site na ịkwaga Evanston, DeBaptiste malitere ide ihe. E bipụtara ọrụ mbụ ya na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Baptist . Mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, mbipụta ahụ kwụsịrị ma ọ malitere ide maka Ìhè isi nke Baptist, Onye Afrika Ozi ma ghọọ onye na-enye aka na Our Women and Children.[7]

Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na agụmakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-enyere William J. Simmons aka na Mahadum Steeti dị na Louisville, Kentucky. Mgbe DeBaptiste hapụrụ Mahadum Steeti, ọ kụziri egwu otu afọ na Mahadum Selma. Ọ bụ ezie na e mezigharịrị nkwekọrịta ya, ọ masịghị ihu igwe dị na Selma, Alabama  ma kama ọ nabatara ọkwa dị ka onye enyemaka asụsụ na onye nkuzi egwu na Lincoln Institute nke Jefferson City, Missouri, na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru Inman E. Page.  [8][9] Ọ na-achọghị inweta ọrụ na Western College na Industrial Institute na Macon, Missouri. [8][8]

DeBaptiste laghachiri Chicago ma rụọ ọrụ afọ ise dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ ozi, nke ọ gara n'ihu ọbụna mgbe ọ lụsịrị akwụkwọ   na June 20, 1899, na Dr. Henry Clay Faulkner. [10][11][12] Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ si n'Afrịka bi na mba ndị ọzọ ka ụlọ ọrụ Ụlọ ọrụ Post Chicago were n'ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ.[13] Di na nwunye ahụ ka bi na Chicago na 1902, mgbe a họpụtara DeBaptiste dị ka otu n'ime ndị kọmishọna na nzukọ e nwere n'Ọgọst 6-11 iji kwurịta nsogbu na ọganihu ndị isi ojii America mere, mana n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Ụlọ ọrụ Baptist Foreign Missions zigara ha na Liberia.[14][15] Dr. Faulkner jere ozi dị ka dọkịta na onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na Monrovia na DeBaptiste bụ onye nkuzi na Liberia College. Mgbe ọ nọ na njem nkuzi na United Steeti na nleta ya na nne di ya, DeBaptiste chọpụtara na Jenụwarị, 1907 na di ya anwụọla na Liberia na Disemba gara aga.[13][13]

N'afọ 1908, DeBaptiste biri na Brooklyn ma gaa n'ihu na-ekwu okwu ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akpọ piano na ọrụ dị iche iche.[16][17] N'afọ sochirinụ, e were ya n'ọrụ dị ka onye isi ọrụ na Lincoln Settlement House ma gaa n'ihu na nkuzi, ntụziaka egwu na arụmọrụ.[18] N'afọ 1910, DeBaptiste di ya nwụrụ na nwanne ya nwoke Richard, Jr., onye bụ onye nkuzi egwu, na nwa ya nwoke Frederick Faulkner (amụrụ n'afọ 1906) bi na Brooklyn.[19] N'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, ọ gara n'ihu na ọrụ ụlọ obibi ya, egwu na nkuzi,  [2] tupu ọ lụọ Walter Raleigh Ashburn na Manhattan na June 16, 1915.[20][21][22]

Ashburn bụ pastọ nke Mount Zion Baptist Church nke Evanston na n'afọ ọ lụrụ DeBaptiste ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke Women's Auxiliary to the National Baptist Convention of America, Inc.[10] N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ha lụsịrị, di na nwunye ahụ kwagara Virginia, ebe Ashburn malitere ịbụ pastọ na Cool Springs First Baptist Church nke Franklin, Virginia, DeBaptiste ghọkwara onye nnọchi anya Ashburn Brothers Shirt Manufacturing Company na Lynchburg.[23] O yikarịrị ka n'oge a, ọ bụ mgbe ọ kụziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ nkịtị nke Clifton Forge Normal and Industrial Institute na Virginia Theological Seminary na College na Lynchburg.[10][10]

A họpụtara DeBaptiste ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Women's Auxiliary na 1917 ma n'oge ahụ, ọ bi na Chicago   ma o doro anya na ya na Ashburn kewara.[5][24]  Onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ ya kwuru na di na nwunye ahụ kewara n'ihi ihe ndị a na-akọwaghị akọwa ma lụọ nwunye ya nke anọ ọzọ tupu ọnwụ ya na 1939. [10][25] Ọ sonyeere okwukwe Bahá'í na 1918, (ma ka na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka otu iri afọ).  Site mgbe ahụ gaa n'ihu, DeBaptiste rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara na arụ ọrụ obodo. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na onye nhazi na Butler Community ma bụrụ onye nlekọta nke Ụlọ ụka Methodist Episcopal na-akwado maka azụmahịa na ụmụ agbọghọ na-arụ ọrụ na 1920s.[10] N'afọ 1922, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi nke National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) na Chicago iji bulie ndị otu.[27] N'afọ 1923, a họpụtara ya ọzọ maka ọkwa kachasị elu nke Women's Auxiliary.[28]

N'ime afọ iri sochirinụ, ọ lekọtara Kansụl Nchekwa Ndị Ntorobịa na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na klọb na òtù, DeBaptiste bụ onye isi oche nke Ndị nkuzi Mpaghara nke Chicago na Òtù Ndị Nne. O sonyere na NAACP, Njikọ obodo, YWCA na Mmekọrịta Okwukwe nke Ụwa, yana ije ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Ochie Settler Klọb na 1943. Obere oge tupu ọkwa nke ihe ngosi ncheta nke 111th anniversary nke Ochie Settler Klọb, DeBaptiste lụrụ nwoke aha ya bụ Carr.[10]

 Ọnwụ na ihe nketa 
DeBaptiste nwụrụ na Eprel 20, 1951, mgbe ọ dị afọ 83, na Chicago ma lie ya na Lincoln Cemetery na Worth, Illinois.[29]

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