Charlene Leonora Smith

Charlene Leonora Smith bụ onye nta akụkọ South Africa, onye bipụtara akwụkwọ 14, ma bụrụ onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ ikike nke onye meriri Nrite Nobel Peace Prize, na onye bụbu onye isi ala South Africa, Nelson Mandela . Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ nzikọrịta ozi na ịre ahịa, na onye nkuzi na-ede akwụkwọ, onye bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na United States.

 Ọrụ 
Smith malitere ọrụ ya na Johannesburg Star, ma bụrụ ọkachamara na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbochi nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.  O mechara kọọ akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa maka Sunday Tribune (ebe ọ bụkwa osote onye isi ụlọ ọrụ), Business Day (ebe ọ bụkwa osote onye nchịkọta akụkọ akụkọ), Financial Mail (ebe ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ) na Izu Ego (ebe ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ enyemaka) ). Smith arụwo ọrụ dịka onye nrụpụta maka ABC's Nightline (US) na Ted Koppel yana maka nkeji 60 CBS.  O nyerela aka ịmepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ telivishọn maka Canadian Broadcasting Corporation ruo ọtụtụ afọ, gụnyere akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ na-emeri na Nelson Mandela. Akwụkwọ akụkọ gbasara AIDS maka United Nations meriri Prix Italia na 2006.

O nwere ogologo ọrụ dị ka onye edemede edemede maka Los Angeles Times .  Odela akwụkwọ maka The Washington Post, Onye na-ekiri, The Guardian, Le Monde, Brain World, Microbicide Quarterly, The Boston Globe na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ. O birila ma rụọ ọrụ na Japan, Argentina, South Africa, na United States ebe ọ kọrọ akụkọ banyere White House .

N'afọ 1999, e dinara ya n'ike na mma n'ụlọ ya ma otu izu ka e mesịrị bipụtara akụkọ banyere ihe omume ahụ na ọchịchọ ọ na-achọ inweta ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa retroviral . "Journalist Charlene Smith", NPR.org. Smith tụkwara egwu na onye n'ike n'ike nwere ike bu nje HIV ma ọ bụ AIDS. Smith malitere ịgbasa mkpọsa maka ndị lanarịrị n'ike n'ike, dị ka ọ kpọrọ ha, na-ajụ okwu a tara ahụhụ, ịnata prophylaxis mkpughe mgbe mmeko nwoke gasịrị. Ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ lanarịrị n'ike n'ike n'ụwa mere nke a. N'afọ 2000 , Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Nchịkwa Ọrịa kpọrọ ya ka ọ gwa ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị okwu, n'ihi nke a CDC malitere nyocha na ụkpụrụ maka PEP maka ndị lanarịrị mwakpo mmekọahụ site n'enyemaka ya. E bipụtara ya nke mbụ na 2004.

N'afọ 2004, Smith bipụtara otu akụkọ banyere mgbasawanye nke ndina n'ike na South Africa, na-enweta nkatọ sitere n'aka President Thabo Mbeki, onye bụbu enyi na enyi ya, na imetụ esemokwu na nzuko omeiwu nke "ndị omebe iwu boro Mr. Mbeki ebubo na ọ na-ewepụ okwu gbasara mmekọahụ. ime ihe ike na ọrịa AIDS, na onyeisi oche boro ha ebubo na ha na-eme ka a ga-asị na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nwụrụ site n'apartheid."  Mbeki katọrọ ya nke mbụ malitere na Disemba 1999 mgbe ọ jụrụ ịkọ akụkọ banyere idina nwoke na nje HIV na okwu ndị omeiwu.

A na-ewere Smith dị ka ọkachamara na ime ihe ike mmekọahụ, ọrịa nrụgide post traumatic, na HIV. A na-akpọkarị ya ka ọ weta akwụkwọ na nnọkọ oche na ọgbakọ na nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe n'ụwa niile, gụnyere World AIDS Congress.  Ọ bụrụla onye ọbịa nke gọọmentị Sweden ugboro abụọ yana otu oge nke gọọmentị Australia.

Onye na-ahụ maka nzikọrịta ozi na ịre ahịa nke nwere ọkachamara dị ukwuu na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ ọ gbatụrụla aka na World Economic Nzukọ, Summit na mmepe na-adigide, 2010 FIFA World Cup, Ogilvy PR, South Africa Airways, HealthBridge, AstroTech Training, Eskom, na ndị ọzọ. Ọ arọerela aakuko n'ọtụtụ kọleji na mahadum gụnyere Mahadum nke Witwatersrand Graduate School of Journalism; Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Antiọk na Mahadum Georgia, Athens; Boston College, Goddard College na Vermont, wdg.

Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Cambridge, Massachusetts .

 Ihe nrite 

 Nwanyị nke Afọ: Mgbasa ozi na Nkwukọrịta, SABC/Shoprite Checkers 1999
 Ruth First Courageous Journalism Award, Mahadum Rhodes 2000
 Onye nke Afọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ Mail na Guardian 2000
 Otu n'ime ndị South Africa 10 kacha nwee mmetụta nke afọ (nke a họọrọ nke ise), Otu akwụkwọ akụkọ Independent Group 1999
 Onye mgbasa ozi Pretoria Technikon nke afọ 2001
 Onye edemede nwere atụmatụ, CNN Journalist of the Year 2000  Category:Articles with permanently dead external links k>
 Nwanyị nke afọ, Jong Dames Dinamiek 2002
 Ihe nrite Mondi, odee ihe kacha mma: Health 2003
 Mgbasa ozi ọrụ na ikike mmadụ, SAWA, Toronto, Canada 2005
 Onye nnata Prix Italia, akwụkwọ akụkọ onyonyo kacha mma - AIDS na South Africa maka ihe nkiri Synergy na United Nations 2006

• Goddard Alumni Arts Award (2015)

• Sri Chinmoy Peace Torchbearer Award, Arlington MA (2014)

 Akwụkwọ 

  (Revised 2013)
 (Revised 2012)
  (Text by Charlene Smith)
  (Nominated for the Alan Paton Award, and voted one of the top 10 books of the year by The Star newspaper and Sunday Times. Launched in Sweden as Utan Skuld by Leopard Press in September 2003)







 Isi n'akwụkwọ 

 1992: Ụdị ime ihe ike, deziri A Minnaar, HSRC, esemokwu isi na Natal.
 1995: Robben Island, nke Jurgen Schadeberg deziri, isi nke mgbapụ.
 2004: Olee otú ndị South Africa si ele anụ ọhịa anya na anya: HIV na SA, nke onye isi SA HIV Clinicians Society deziri, Dr. Des Martin, Jonathan Ball
 2004: Nke kacha nso nke ndị ọbịa: Akwụkwọ ndụ ụmụ nwanyị South Africa, nke Judith Lutge Coullie deziri, Wits University Press
 2005: Mgbasa ozi na South Africa, nke William Mervin Gumede, Kwa Zulu Natal University Press (isi nke mgbasa ozi)
 2006: Akwụkwọ akụkọ: mkpokọta nkuzi ncheta Harold Wolpe, Africa World Press na Mahadum KwaZulu Natal Press. 2006: 1956: The Woman's March, deziri na bipụtara site Mothobi Mutloatse.
 2009: AIDS nke Leopard Forlag, Sweden bipụtara.
 2017: Na Donald Trump, Nelson Mandela, ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ime enyi na ndị iro gị, Garn Press, New York, USA.

 Edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Charlene Smith - ndị edemede-na-ụgha-nke-ama, Mail na Guardian online - Jenụwarị 2008
 Speakout.org – ndị lanarịrịnụ - Akụkọ Charlene
 http://pages.interlog.com/~saww/2001Charlene.html
 National Public Radio

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ