Fizeau interferometer

A Fizeau interferometer Lawson, Peter R. "Principles of Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry." Course notes from the 1999 Michelson Summer School, held August 15–19, 1999. Edited by Peter R. Lawson. Published by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 2000. bụ nhazi interferometric ebe a na-etinye ihe abụọ na-egosipụta ibe ha. Dị ka a hụrụ na Fig 1, a na-ejikọta ìhè na-egbukepụ egbukepụ n'azụ site na ihe na-egbochi egbukepụ nke mbụ na ìhè na-emegharị n'ihu site na ihe ngosi nke abụọ iji mepụta mgbochi mgbochi. 

Okwu Fizeau interferometer na-ezokwa aka na nhazi interferometric nke Hippolyte Fizeau ji mee ihe na nnwale 1851 a ma ama nke yiri ka ọ kwadoro echiche nke ether-drag hypothesis nke Augustin Jean Fresnel, mana nke mechara rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa n'iweta nsogbu na physics nke butere ya.  Mmepe nke Einstein nke tiori pụrụ iche relativity.  Hụ nnwale Fizeau..

 Ngwa 
A na-ejikarị interferometers Fizeau eme ihe maka ịlele ọdịdị nke elu anya: Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, a na-eji oghere anya ma ọ bụ enyo eme ihe tụnyere ihe atụ nwere ọdịdị achọrọ. Na Fig. 1, a na-egosi Fizeau interferometer ka enwere ike ịtọ ya iji nwalee anya. A na-etinye ihe ngosi a kapịrị ọnụ n'elu ihe ngosi a na-anwale, nkewapụrụ site na oghere dị warara. A na-eme ka ihe dị larịị dịtụ ala (naanị akụkụ nke ogo nke beveling dị mkpa) iji gbochie azụ azụ nke ihe dị larịrịị ka ọ ghara imepụta mgbochi mgbochi.  monochromatic -enwu gbaa n'akụkụ abụọ ahụ, na nkewa nke na-enye ohere ile anya na axis.

A na-ahụ ihe ntụaka ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ site na ihe ọhụụ (hologram nke kọmputa ma ọ bụ CGH), ebe a nwere ike ịmepụta nke a site na usoro lithographic ziri ezi. Foto 2 na-egosi ojiji nke CGHs na nnwale.  N'adịghị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, CGHs n'ezie nwere oghere ahịrị na usoro nke 1 ruo 10 μm.  Mgbe a na-agafe ìhè laser site na CGH, ụzarị diffracted nke efu enweghị mgbanwe ọ bụla. Otú ọ dị, a na-agbanwe ihu nke ụzarị diffracted nke mbụ iji kwekọọ na ọdịdị a chọrọ nke elu ule. 'N'ime ihe atụ atụnyere Fizeau interferometer nwụnye, a na-edobe oghere dị iche iche nke efu na-aga n'ihu n'elu ntụaka okirikiri, a na-edugakwa ntuhie nke mbụ na-aga n'elu ule ahụ n'ụzọ ga-eme ka ihie abụọ ahụ na-egosipụta na-ejikọta na-eme ka nnyonye anya.
A na-ejikwa interferometers Fizeau mee ihe na sensọ fiber optic maka ịlele nrụgide, okpomọkụ, nrụgide, wdg.

 Nnyocha ether-drag nke Fizeau 

 Ihe ọ pụtara 
N'afọ 1851, Fizeau jiri ụdị interferometer dị iche iche tụọ mmetụta nke mmegharị nke ihe na-agagharị na ọsọ nke ìhè, dịka a hụrụ na Fig. 

Dabere na echiche ndị dị n'oge ahụ, ìhè na-agafe n'ihe na-agagharị agagharị ga-adọta ya na ihe na-aga n'ihu, yabụ ọsọ nke ìhè ga-abụ ngụkọta dị mfe nke ọsọ ya site na ihe na ọsọ nke ihe na-agbasa.

Fizeau chọpụtara n'ezie mmetụta na-adọkpụrụ, mana oke mmetụta ọ hụrụ dị ala karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya.  Nsonaazụ ya yiri ka ọ kwadoro echiche akụkụ ether-drag nke Fresnel, ọnọdụ nke na-akụda ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị.

Ihe karịrị ọkara narị afọ gara aga tupu e mepụta nkọwa na-eju afọ nke Fizeau na-atụghị anya ya na ọbịbịa nke echiche Einstein nke mmekọrịta pụrụ iche.

 Ntọala nnwale 
A na-eme ka ìhè na-egbukepụ site na oghere oghere na-agbagọ agbagọ ma kewaa ya site na ogwe abụọ, nke na-agafe tube na-ebu mmiri na-agagharị na ọsọ v. Igwe ọ bụla na-aga n'ụkwụ dị iche iche nke tube ahụ, a na-egosipụta ya na enyo dị n'aka ekpe, ma laghachi site na ụkwụ nke ọzọ nke tube ahụ. Ya mere, ụdọ abụọ ahụ na-aga otu ụzọ ahụ, mana otu n'akụkụ mmiri na-aga, nke ọzọ na-emegide mmiri ahụ.  na-ejikọta ụzarị abụọ ahụ na ihe nchọpụta ahụ, na-emepụta usoro mgbochi nke na-adabere na ọdịiche ọ bụla n'oge na-agagharị n'ụzọ abụọ ahụ.

Enwere ike nyochaa ụkpụrụ nnyonye anya iji chọpụta ọsọ nke ọkụ na-aga n'ụkwụ ọ bụla nke tube.

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