Stanley Mandelstam

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Stanley Mandelstam ( ; 12 Disemba 1928 – 23 Juun 2016) bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị sayensị South Africa. Ọ webatara mgbanwe mgbanwe Mandelstam na-agbanwe agbanwe na physics na 1958 dị ka abụọ mgbasa mmekọrịta. Mmekọrịta mgbasa ozi abụọ ahụ bụ ngwá ọrụ etiti na mmemme bootstrap nke chọrọ ịmepụta echiche na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ọtụtụ ụdị urughuru na-abawanye. 

 Oge ọ malitere 
A mụrụ Mandelstam na Johannesburg,  South Africa n'ezinụlọ ndị Juu. William D. Rubinstein, Michael Jolles, Hilary L. Rubinstein, The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History, Palgrave Macmillan (2011), p. 110

 Ọrụ 
Mandelstam, ya na Tullio Regge, mere mmepe mbụ nke Echiche Regge nke mmekọrịta mmekọrịta siri ike. Ọ kọwapụtara ọnụego uto nyocha nke mgbasa mgbasa dị ka ọrụ nke cosine nke akụkụ mgbasa dị ka iwu ike maka nsonaazụ nke mgbasa mgbasa na ike dị elu. Tinyere mmekọrịta mgbasa abụọ, echiche Regge nyere ndị na-akụzi ihe ohere ịchọta ihe mgbochi nyocha zuru oke na mgbasa nke steeti ndị ejikọrọ iji mepụta echiche nke nwere ọtụtụ ụdị ụmụ irighiri ihe, ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ isi.

Mgbe Veneziano wuru oke mgbasa nke mbụ na-akọwa ọtụtụ ụdị ụmụ irighiri ihe, ihe a ghọtara ozugbo dị ka oke Mgbasa nke eriri, Mandelstam gara n'ihu na-enye aka dị mkpa. Ọ kọwara Virasoro algebra chọpụtara n'ọnọdụ nkwekọrịta dị ka geometrical symmetry nke ụwa-sheet conformal field theory, na-ahazi usoro usoro usoro usoro abụọ. O jiri conformal invariance gbakọọ oke eriri osisi n'ọtụtụ ngalaba ụwa. Mandelstam bụ onye mbụ na-ewu n'ụzọ doro anya amplitudes nke mgbasa nke fermion na ngalaba Ramond na Neveu-Schwarz nke nkuzi superstring, ma mesịa nye arụmụka maka njedebe nke nkuzi nsogbu eriri.

Na quantum field theory, Mandelstam na Sidney Coleman n'onwe ya gbatịkwuru ọrụ Tony Skyrme iji gosi na a na-akọwa ụdị Sine-Gordon abụọ site na ụdị Thirring nke fermions ya bụ kinks. O gosikwara na 4d N=4 supersymmetric gauge theory bụ ike ịgụta ọnụ, na-egosi na echiche a bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na usoro niile nke perturbation theory, ihe atụ mbụ nke echiche ubi ebe enweghị njedebe niile na eserese Feynman kagburu.

N'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na Berkeley bụ Joseph Polchinski, Michio Kaku, Charles Thorn na Hessamaddin Arfaei.

Stanley Mandelstam nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya na Berkeley na June, 2016.

 Mmụta 

 Mahadum nke Witwatersrand, South Africa (BSc, 1952) 
 Trinity College, Cambridge (BA, 1954) 
 Mahadum nke Birmingham (PhD, 1956) 

 Ọrụ 

 Prọfesọ nke Physics Mathematical, Mahadum nke Birmingham, 1960-63
 Prọfesọ nke Physics, Mahadum California, Berkeley, kemgbe 1963 (Prọfesọ Emeritus kemgbe 1994) 
 Onye nkuzi, Mahadum Paris-Sud, 1979-80 na 1984-85

 Nsọpụrụ 

 Onye otu Royal Society, 1962
 Ihe nrite Dirac na ihe nrite, International Center for Theoretical Physics, 1991
 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1992
 Ihe nrite Dannie Heineman maka Physical Physics, American Physical Society, 1992

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