John Hunwick

John Owen Hunwick (born 1936, Chard, Somerset, England, died 1 April 2015 in Skokie, Illinois, United States) was a noted British professor, author, and Africanist. He has published several books, articles and journals in the African Studies field. He was formerly Professor Emeritus at Northwestern University, having retired in 2004 after 23 years of service.

 Akụkọ ndụ 
A mụrụ 1936 na Chard, Somerset, na England, nye Rev. Cyril Owen Hunwick, onye ụkọchukwu Metọdist na nwunye ya (onye ọ lụrụ na 1929) Doris Louise Miller. N'afọ 1938, ha kwagara Horsham, Sussex, ebe John gara ụlọ akwụkwọ. N'afọ 1942, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Ramsey, Huntingdonshire (nke bụzi Cambridgeshire). N'afọ 1945, ha kwagara Bridport, Dorset, n'afọ sochirinụ, John banyere Grammar School, ebe ọ malitere ịmụ French na Latịn.

N'afọ 1950, e zigara ya na Kent College, ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi Metọdist na Canterbury. Mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Mgbe John hapụrụ Kent College, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, e debara aha ya n'ọrụ agha, obodo ya bụ Shropshire, ọ ga-esonyere ndị agha mpaghara, The King's Shropshire Light Infantry. N'oge na-adịghị anya, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nwere ike ịbụ onye ọrụ ma zigara ya ka ọ zụọ n'ogige ndị agha dị nso na York. N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1955, a họpụtara ya maka ọzụzụ zuru oke, ma nọrọ ọnwa anọ n'ogige ọzụzụ ndị ọrụ dị nso na Chester, na-agwụcha dị ka onye isi nke abụọ. E nyere ya nhọrọ nke otu esi ozi na ebe ọ ga-eje ozi, kama isonyere ndị agha ụlọ ya, nke na-etinye aka na ọgụ megide Mau Mau na Kenya, o wepụtara onwe ya ije ozi na Somaliland Scouts, ndị agha nọ n'ihe bụ British Somaliland n'oge ahụ, ndị agha ya bụ ndị Somalis na ndị isi ya bụ ndị Britain. Ọ banyere ụgbọ mmiri gaa Aden wee jiri ụgbọelu gaa Hargeisa na Septemba 1955. Na Somaliland ozi ya bu ụzọ kpọga ya Burao, mgbe ahụ na Company A na Ainabo, nke mechara kwaga Hargeisa ma mesịa gaa Adedle.

Na Septemba 1956 ọ gara School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Mahadum London. N'ebe ahụ, ọ nọrọ afọ atọ na-amụ Arabic, na ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịbendị Alakụba na ndị prọfesọ dịka Bernard Lewis, Peter Holt na Ann Lambton, ebe onye nkuzi mbụ ya nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Marsden Jones. N'afọ 1959, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1st-Class Honours degree na Arabic.

Na mbido afọ 1960, John were ọnọdụ nkuzi Arabic na Mahadum Ibadan, Naịjirịa (nke a na-akpọ Mahadum College, alaka nke Mahadum London), ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị, e nyere ya "Ọmụmụ" na Arabic, nke ọ nabatara ngwa ngwa. Ọ nọgidere na Mahadum Ibadan ruo 1967, n'oge ọ nọ ebe ahụ, o guzobere Ngalaba nke Arabic na Islamic Studies, o nyekwara aka guzobe Centre of Arabic Documentation maka microfilming nke ihe odide Arabic, ma n'otu oge ahụ malite akwụkwọ akụkọ, Research Bulletin, iji bipụta ozi gbasara ihe odide microfilmed na isiokwu gbasara ọdịnala ihe odide.

N'afọ 1967, John were nkuzi nwa oge na SOAS iji kụzie Arabic. Ọ kụziri ihe n'ebe ahụ afọ agụmakwụkwọ abụọ. Na mbido afọ 1969, e nyere ya ọkwa onye osote prọfesọ na Ngalaba Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme na Mahadum Ghana dị na Legon. Ka ọ na-erule mgbe ahụ, ọ malitere nyocha banyere akụkụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Islam na Africa, malite na mmasị na ọdịnala Timbuktu na alaeze Songhay.

Mgbe ọ nọ na Ghana, ọ malitere ịkụzi ihe ọmụmụ nke afọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke alaeze Alakụba site na ndụ onye amụma ruo na narị afọ nke iri na isii na North Africa. N'afọ ndị mbụ ya n'ebe ahụ, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na thesis PhD ya, na-edezi ma na-asụgharị na nkọwa ma na-ewebata azịza nke al-Maghili na ajụjụ Askiya al-hajj Muhammad nke Songhay nyere ya, na'iji ihe odide Hunwick malitere ịmụ mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Ibadan. E gosipụtara ma kwado edemede ahụ na SOAS na 1974, afọ iri na otu ka e mesịrị ghọrọ ihe ndabere nke akwụkwọ ya e bipụtara Shari'a na Songhay, nke mbụ n'ime akwụkwọ ya na okwu ihu ọha.

N'afọ 1981, ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Mahadum Northwestern, na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Ngalaba Okpukpe ma na-akụzi akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọgụgụ isi nke Islam Africa. Tinyere ide ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, ọ dezigharịrị Religion and National Integration in Africa, ọ bụkwa onye guzobere-onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Sudanic Africa: a Journal of Historical Sources. Ọ bụbu onye nduzi nke ọrụ Fontes Historiae Africanae nke International Academic Union, ma nata onyinye site na National Endowment for the Humanities, American Council of Learned Societies, na Fulbright Commission. Ọ bụ onye otu Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu academy na 1976. 

 Nsọpụrụ na onyinye 

 Ihe nrite Africanist pụrụ iche nke ASA 2005
 A họpụtara ya dịka Fellow nke Ghana Academy of Arts & Sciences, 1976.
 National Endowment of the Humanities award, June 1997 - October 1998, maka nkwadebe nke Arabic Literature of Africa, Vol. IV Ihe odide nke Western Sudan Africa"
 "Text Prize", African Studies Association, 2001, maka akwụkwọ e bipụtara: Timbuktu na Alaeze Ukwu Songhay.

 Akwụkwọ 

 Shari'a na Songhay: Azịza nke al-Mighili nye Ajụjụ nke Askia al-Hajj Muhammad (c. 1498) (Fontes Historiae Africanae Series Arabica), Oxford University Press, 1985.
 Akụ̀ Ndị Dị Iche nke Timbuktu, Thames & Hudson, 2008.
 Arabic Literature of Africa Vol. Nke Abụọ, nke Anọ
 Ndị Juu nke A Sahara Oasis: Mgbukpọ nke Obodo Tamantit, 2006
 West Africa, Islam na Arab World: Studies in Honor of Basil Davidson, 2006
 Sufism na Religious Brotherhoods na Senegal, Markus Wiener Publishers, 2005 (dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ) 
 Akwụkwọ Arabic nke Africa lll
 Uwe nke ọtụtụ Silks na-acha odo odo: Akwụkwọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọha mmadụ Ghanaian na Islamic na nsọpụrụ nke Ivor Wilks, 1997
 Ndị Afrịka bi n'ala ndị Alakụba dị na Mediterenian, 2002
 Timbuktu na Alaeze Ukwu Songhay, 1999

 Ihe odide 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ