Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga

Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga (28 Disemba 1907 - 16 Septemba 2001) bụ dọkịta Madagascar gụrụ biochemistry na onye nnọchi anya Madagascar na mba ọzọ. Onye amụrụ n'ezinụlọ eze nwere mmechu-ihu, a zụrụ Ratsimamanga dịka dọkịta nke ọgwụ dị iche iche dị oké ọnụ ahịa na French Madagascar nakwa France, ebe ọ sụrụ ụzọ n'ihe gbasara neutraceuticals nke oge a. Ratsimamanga laghachiri Madagascar ebe, ya na nwunye ya, Suzanne Urverg-Ratsimamanga, n'afọ 1957, guzobere ụlọ ọrụ Malagasy Institute of Applied Research nke na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ na mkpá akwụkwọ.

Mgbe ọ nọ na France, Ratsimamanga tinyere aka na mbọ nnwere onwe Madagascar, mgbe nnwere onwe gasịkwaranụ, ọ ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya mbụ nke Mba Madagascar na France ma nye aka ịkpụzi ihe omume ya na mba ọzọ nke mba ahụ. A na-ewere Ratsimamanga dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọkàmmụta a ma ama na Madagascar ma nye ya nkwanye ùgwù orders of merits kachasị elu n'ime mba nakwa n'etiti mba na mba ụwa. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị guzobere The World Academy of Sciences (1983) na African Academy of Sciences (1985), a họpụtakwa ya dị ka Man of the Century nke Madagascar.

 Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya 
A mụrụ Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga na 28 Disemba 1907, na Antananarivo, Madagascar, nye Razanadrakoto Ratsimiamanga na Lala Ralisoa.  Ọ bụụrụ nwa nwa Prince Ratsimamanga, nwanne nna na onye ndụmọdụ nke Queen Ranavalona nke Atọ, onye e gburu n'afọ 1897 na mbido ọchịchị ndị France na Madagascar. Mgbe Albert dịịrị naanị afọ iri na otu, nna ya nwụrụ n'afọ 1918 site na Ịñụbiga mmanya ókè.

Ọ natara agụmakwụkwọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata ya na Ngalaba Ọmụmụ-ọgwụ, Mahadum Antananarivo, ruo mgbe ọ ghọrọ dọkịta n'isi ọmụmụ Indigenous Medicine n'afọ 1924.  Ratsimamanga sooro na òtù ndị nnọchi anya Madagascar na Colonial Exhibition agara na Paris n'afọ 1930, bụ oge ọ nọ kpebie isonyere Mahadum Paris ịghọ Dọkịnta sayensị (MS) na Dọkịnta ọgwụ (MD).  Ọ gụsịkwara akwụkwọ na  nakwa, ma hiwe òtù  na France.

 Ọrụ Ya 

 Ime Nnyocha 
Ratsimamanga malitere ịrụ ọrụ ná French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) n'afọ 1945 mgbe Frédéric Joliot-Curie, onye nduzi nnyocha nke CNRS na onye nwetara ihe nrite Nobel n'isi ọmụmụ Kemistry (1935), bịakwutechara ya. Na CNRS, ọ bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ na ọmụmụ nke Usoro ọbara mmadụ, na ọgwụgwọ maka Ekpenta na ụkwara nta.  Ọrụ Ratsimamanga gosipụtara ọnụnọ nke homonụ na nri na ọrụ ha n'iwulite ahụ mmadụ, ka ha na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ na-ewepụ nsị, ọkachasị na imeju. 

Ratsimamanga bụụrụ onye isi ntụziaka mmalite nke ụlọ ọrụ Malagasy Institute of Applied Research (IMRA) n'afọ 1957.  IMRA lekwasịrị anya na Iji mgbọrọgwụ na mkpa akwụkwọ agwọ ọrịa (phytotherapy) iji jiri osisi ndị dị na gburugburu ebe obibi na omume ọdịnala dị iche iche gwọọ ọrịa, ya bụ, pharmacopoeia n'ụzọ ọdịnala. IMRA mechara gaa n'ihu n'iji osisi Syzygium cumini dị ka ihe na-egbochi ọrịa shuga, na imepụta ọgwụ ndị ọzọ megide ịba, Ekpenta, ụkwara ume ọkụ, lithiasis, ọbara mgbali elu, ịba ọcha n'anya na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị.

Ratsimamanga bụụrụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ Malagasy National Academy, nakwa Ọkammụta larala ezumike nka nke Faculty of Medicine, Mahadum Antananarivo. Ọ bụụrụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere World Academy of Sciences n'afọ 1983,  na African Academy of Sciences n'afọ 1985.  Ọ bụụrụ onye òtù Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Institut de France (1966), na Académie Nationale de Médecine (1967).

 Na Ndọrọ Ndọrọ Ọchịchị 
Ratsimamanga bụ onye na-eme udo na onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, n'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ, ya na ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ nkọ nakwa ndị ji ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke France nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya. Mgbe ọ nọ na France, ya na Jacques Rabemananjara, Joseph Raseta na Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona guzobere njikọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ Malagasy nọ na France nakwa òtù w:Democratic Movement for Malagasy Renovation (MDRM) n'afọ 1946. MDRM duziri ngagharị iwe megide mwufu ọbara nke Mgbukpọ Madagascar nke afọ 1947Òtù ọ dị, a maara MDRM dị ka ebe ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ si Hova na-achịkwa, ndị bụ ndị ama ama na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke  Merina Royal court gara aga ma chọọkwa iweghachite ọchịchị nke ndị Merina ahụ mgbe nnwere onwe bịachara.  Emechara maa Jacques Rabemananjara, Joseph Raseta na Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona ikpe ịnọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ oge ndụ ha niile mana e nyere ha mgbaghara n'afọ 1958.  Ratsimamanga kwuru na ọ maghị banyere nnupụisi ahụ, ya mere, o soghi na ya.  Ka e mesịrị n'afọ 1949, Ratsimamanga guzobere Kansụl Mba Madagascar, Gọọmentị nọ n'ebe ọ gbagara zoo. O mechara daa. 

N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1948, Ratsimamanga nọchitere anya Madagascar na World Congress of Intellectuals in Defence of Peace, nke mere n'etiti ụbọchị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa irị n'afọ 1948 na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ nke Wrocław, Poland, ma rụọ ọrụ n'ịhazi ike ndị Kọmunist dị ka ndị na-akwado udo, na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, na-egosi West dị ka ihe iyi egwu nye udo.

Ratsimamanga bụ onye otu ndị nnọchi anya kwurịtara maka nnwere onwe Madagascar site na France.  % nke ndị Madagascar vootu maka nnwere onwe na ntuli aka nke afọ 1958, [1] ma mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị, a họpụtara Ratsimamanga ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Mba Madagascar na France site na 1960 ruo 1972.  Mgbe 1972 Coup 'état gasịrị, na 14 Disemba 1972, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya mbụ nke mba Madagascar na China na Soviet Union.  mechara guzobe ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya na West Germany, North Korea, na Sierra Leone. [1] [2]
, Ratsimamanga na-anọchite anya mba Madagascar na European Economic Community, UNESCO, na Food and Agriculture Organization.  ghọkwara osote onye isi oche nke UNESCO nke Executive Council . [1]

 Ndụ onwe onye na ọnwụ Ya 
Ratsimamanga lụrụ Suzanne Urverg-Ratsimamanga na 23 Maachị 1963. Ọ bụụrụ onye French Ashkenazi Jụụ gụrụ biochemistry,  onye òtù World Academy of Sciences (1989),  na onye isi oche IMRA  na onye mmekọ kacha nso Albert ya na ya na-arụkọ.  Site na njikọaka ya na Albert, ha guzobere "Albert na Suzanne Rakoto Ratsimamanga Foundation" n'ime IMRA.
Ratsimamanga nwụrụ na 16 Septemba 2001, ka ọ gbachara afọ iri itoolu na atọ, na Antananarivo, Madagascar. <ref name=":2" E mere emume olili ozu Steeti maka ya.

 Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya 
E nyere Ratsimamanga Grand Cross ihe nrite Grand Cross of the Malagasy National Order,  nakwa Grand Cross n'ógó nke mbụ nke Order of Merit nke mba Germany,  Grand Officer nke Legion of Honor nke France, Commander of the Ordre National du Mèrite of France]],  na Grand Prize sitere na Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences  A họpụtara ya dị ka Man of the Century nke Madagascar n'afọ 1999.

Ratsimamanga bụ onye òtù guzobere World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS) n'afọ 1983,

 Ihe Ncheta Ya 
A na-ewere Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta ama ama na Madagascar. A Commemorative Stamp ka ewepụtara maka ncheta ya n'afọ 2002, nakwa Institut de France bipụtara ego n'ụdị ụtụ na ncheta Ratsimamanga. Enwere ike ịhụ ihe ncheta Ratsimamanga dị ka



 Edensibia 

 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 

 Suzy Andrée Ramamonjisoa (2007). Mụ na Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Madagascar (n'asụsụ French)    ISBN 978-2-912290-79-3.    OCLC 1141771391
 Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga na Patrick Rajoelina (2001). Madagascar: Ihe omimi nke 1947: ncheta. Paris: L'Harmattan (n'asụsụ French).   ISBN 2-7475-1151-0.    OCLC 47896120. 
 Didier Galibert (2012). Cosmopolitisme impérial na nationalism: Ndụ okirikiri nke Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga (1907-2001). Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke French Colonial. 13: 175–187.   ISSN 1539-3402. 
 Raymond William Rabemananjara (1998). Nwa nke ìhè: Akụkọ ndụ nke Albert Rakoto Ratsimamanga (n'asụsụ Italian). 1–190
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations