Zodiac

. Zodiac bụ mpaghara nwere eriri eriri nke mbara igwe nke gbatịrị ihe dịka 8 Celsius n'ebe ugwu na ndịda (dị ka ike na latitude celestial ) nke eklips, nke bụ ụzọ ndụ ọkụ n'ofe mbara igwe n'ime afọ.  Ụzọ orbital nke ụnwa na mbara ala ndị bụ isi dị n'ime eriri zodiac

. Na ịgụ akwụkwọ n'Ebe Ọdịda, na n'oge gara aga, a na-ekewa zodiac n'ime akara iri na abụọ ndị a: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn  , Aquarius, na Pisces.  Nke ọ blea nwere 30° nke መስo longitude ma kwekọọ n'ụkpụrụ nke mbara igwe nwere otu aha.  [1] [2] Ihe ama ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na-etolite usoro nhazi nke ọnụnọ, ma ọ bụ akụkụ kpọmkwem usoro nhazi nke ecliptic, nke na-ewe ecliptị dị ka akụkụ nke latitude na ọnọdụ Sun na vernal equinox dị.  ka akụkụ nke lonjituudu

Okwu bekee zodiac na-enweta site na zōdiacus, [1] ụdị Latinized nke Greek ochie zōdiakòs kýklos ( ζῳδιακός κύκλος ), [2] nke ihe "ahụ ma ọ bụ ụmụ anụmanụ".  Zōdion ( ζῴδιον ) bụ mbelata nke zōon ( ζῷον, "anụmanụ").  [3] Aha ahụ na- rie ama ama nke anụmanụ (na ụdị ngwakọ nto ifo ) n'etiti akara iri na abụọ ahụ.
A na-eji zodiac mee ihe n'oge ndị Rom, dabere na echiche ndị Hellenistic na-egosi mbara igwe ketara site na mbara igwe nke nche nke oge Kaldea (n'etiti mbụ afụ nke mbụ BC), nke, n'aka nke  ya, sitere na usoro nke mbụ nke ndepụta n'ụdị eklips.  [1] A ndị owuwu nke zodiac na ọrụ Ptolemy zuru oke na ike afụ nke AD, Almagest .

.Ọ bụ ezie na zodiac ka bụ ihe ndabere nke usoro nhazi nke eklips nke a na-eji na mbara igwe ma e wezụga nke equatorial, [1] [2] okwu ahụ na aha akara iri na abụọ na-ejikọta ya na ịgụ kpakpando.  Okwu ahụ bụ "zodiac" nwekwara ike na-ezo aka na mpaghara nke mbara igwe na-agụnye okporo ụzọ nke mbara ala kwekọrọ na band nke ihe dị ka ogo 8 arc n'elu na n'okpuru eklips.  Zodiac nke mbara ala e nyere bụ ìgwè nke nwere ụzọ nke ahụ kpọmkwem;  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, "zodiac nke ọnwa" bụ eriri 5 Celsius n'elu na n'okpuru eklips.  Site na ndọtị, "zodiac of the comets" nwere ike na-ezo aka na band nke na-agụnye ọtụtụ comets obere oge.

. N'ihe dị ka afọ nke 14 BC, e debere ndepụta zuru oke nke decan 36 nke Ijipt n'etiti hieroglyphs na-achọ ili Seti I ;  ha tụ ụzo ụzo nszọ nke Ramesses nke obodo, ma-eji ihe ngbaa ozi nke Ijipt.  Ma zodiac ndị a ma ama nke Dendera na- akara akara ha, nke Karl Richard Lepsius agha.

Nkewa nke eklips n'ime akara zodiacal sitere na mbara igwe nke nche n'ime ọkara mbụ nke mbụ nke mbụ BC .  Zodiac na- ugboro ugboro na katalọgụ ịgụ mbụ mbụ, dị ka MUL.  APIN katalọgụ, nke achị gburugburu 1000 BC.  Enwere ike ụfọdụ ụfọdụ igwe ndị ọzọ n'ihu azụ, ruo oge Bronze Age ( ndị ukwu ochie ochie ) Gemini "The Twins", sitere na ( Sumerian </link> "The Great Twins", Cancer "The Crab", si  💀𒀠𒇻</link> "The Crayfish", n'etiti ndị ọzọ[ a ọgwụ ]. </link>

. N'ihe dị ka n'ọgwụgwọ awụ nke ise BC, ndị na-egosi mbara igwe nke Babịlọn kewara eklips n'ime “akara ngosi” nhata iri na abụọ, site na ntụnyere ọnwa 12 nke ụbọchị 30 nke ọ gbala.  Ihe akara ama nke ọ na-enwe nwere 30° nke celestial longitude, si otú a na-eke usoro nhazi nke ndekọ mara nke mbụ.  Dị ka ngụkọ nke astrophysics ọgbara ọhụrụ si kwuo, e webatara zodiac n'etiti 409 na 398 BC, n'oge dị Peshia, [1] na mini anya n'ime afọ ole na ole nke 401 BC.  [2] N'adịghị ka ndị na-agụ nke oge a, bụ ndị na-etinyeghị nke akara Aries na ọnọdụ nke Sun na vernal equinox na Northern Hemisphere ( March equinox ), ndị na- na- ማንም mbara igwe nke doziri zodiac.  n'ihe ntụgharị nke, na-etinye nke echiche Cancer na " Rear Twin Star" ( β Geminorum ) na akụkụ nke Aquarius na "Rear Star of the Goat-Fish" ( δ Capricorni )

A na-ekwu na ihe see zodiac nke na- aha na Bible Hibru;  EW Bullinger ihe ndị e kere ekerịta n'abụ Ezikiel dị ka akara etiti nke ajụjụ anɔ nke zodiac, [1] [2] na ọdụm dị ka Leo, Bull bụ Taurus, Nwoke na- TV anya Aquarius na Ugo na-5  anya Scorpio.  [3] Ụfọdụ edemede ebo iri na abụọ nke Israel na otu akara ma ọ bụ kalenda ụnwanyi Hibru nwere ụnwanyi iri na abụọ n'ime otu afọ .  Martin na ndị isi ajụjụ na onye nhazi nke ebo dị nọ n'ụlọikwuu (nke a kọrọ na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Ọọka) ahụ n'usoro zodiac, na Juda, Reuben, Ifrem, na Dan na-anya anya akara etiti nke Leo, Aquarius, Taurus, na  Scorpio, n'otu n'otu.  Thomas Mann welitere njikọ dị otú ahụ, onye n'akwụkwọ ozi ya bụ Joseph na ụmụnne Ya na-achọta nke akara akara zodiac nye ebo ọ là na akwụkwọ ya nke Ngọzi nke njikọ. [ a chọrọ nkọwa ]

Dị ka onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme mgbakọ na mwepụ Montucla si kwuo, zodiac Hindu sitere na zodiac Gris site na nzikọrịta ozi n'etiti India oge ochie na alaeze Gris nke Bactria .  Zodiac Hindu na-eji usoro nhazi nke sidereal, nke na-ezo aka na kpakpando edobere. A na-ekewa zodiac okpomọkụ (nke sitere na Mesopotamian) site na nkwụsị nke ecliptic na equator, nke na-agbanwe n'ihe gbasara azụ nke kpakpando a kapịrị ọnụ na ọnụego 1 Celsius kwa afọ 72, na-emepụta ihe a maara dị ka precession nke equinoxes. Zodiac Hindu, n'ịbụ onye dị n'akụkụ, anaghị akwado nhazi oge a, mana a ka nwere myirịta n'etiti usoro abụọ a. Akara zodiac Hindu na akara Greek kwekọrọ na-ada nke ukwuu, ịbụ na Sanskrit na Grik n'otu n'otu, mana akara ha fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu.  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dhanu pụtara "ụta" kwekọrọ na Sagittarius, "onye na-agba ụta", na kumbha pụtara "mmiri-piti" na kwekọrọ na Aquarius, "onye na-ebu mmiri". 


 Na mbara igwe nke oge a 
N'ihe gbasara mbara igwe, zodiac na-akọwa eriri oghere na-agbatị 8°  ma ọ bụ 9° na latitude celestial n'ebe ugwu na ndịda nke eklips, n'ime nke orbits nke ọnwa na mbara ala ndị bụ isi ka dị.  Ọ bụ akụkụ nke usoro nhazi nke ecliptic - usoro nhazi nke eluigwe gbadoro ụkwụ n'elu ecliptic (ụgbọ elu nke ụwa orbit na ụzọ anyanwụ pụtara ìhè), nke a na-atụle ogologo ogologo nke eluigwe na ogo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke vernal equinox (nrịgo mgbago nke vernal equinox). Ecliptik na equator).  Zodiac dị warara n'akụkụ akụkụ n'ihi na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime mbara ala anyanwụ nwere okirikiri nke nwere ntakịrị mmasị na mbara igwe nke ụwa.  Kpakpando dị n'ime zodiac nọ n'okpuru mmụọ ọnwa na akụkụ sistemụ anyanwụ ndị ọzọ. Ihe omume ndị a nwere ike ịba uru, dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji nyochaa akụkụ nke akụkụ nke obere mbara ala, ma ọ bụ lelee kpakpando maka ezigbo enyi. 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Ìhè zodiacal lere anya site na Cerro Paranal
Ndobe anyanwụ n'elu vernal equinox, nke na-eme kwa afọ na gburugburu 21 Maachị, na-akọwa mmalite mmalite maka nha, ogo nke mbụ bụ nke a maara dị ka " isi ihe mbụ nke Aries ". Nke mbụ 30° n'akụkụ eklips ka ahapụtara dị ka akara zodiac Aries, nke na-adịghịzi ada n'ime nso nke ìgwè kpakpando Aries ebe mmetụta nke precession bụ ịkwaga vernal n'ókè site na azụ nke ìgwè kpakpando a na-ahụ anya. Ọ dị ugbu a n'akụkụ njedebe nke ìgwè kpakpando Pisces, ebe ọ nọ n'ime ìgwè kpakpando ahụ kemgbe narị afọ nke abụọ AD.  A na-akpọkwa akara zodiac Taurus na 30 Celsius na-esote, na ihe ndị ọzọ site na akara zodiac iri na abụọ ka onye ọ bụla wee nọrọ.  30°) nke nnukwu okirikiri zodiac. Ejibeghị akara zodiac iji chọpụta ókèala nke igwe kpakpando nke dị na nso zodiac, bụ nke na-adịbu mgbe niile, n'ogo na ọdịdị ha. 

Ojiji nke zodiac dị ka ụzọ iji chọpụta nha mbara igwe ka bụ ụzọ bụ isi maka ịkọwa ọnọdụ eluigwe site n'aka ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo oge Renaissance, n'oge ahụ mmasị kwagara na usoro nhazi nke equatorial, nke na-atụ ọkwa mbara igwe site na nrịgo ziri ezi na mbelata karịa. Nkọwa dabere na eklips nke ogologo eluigwe na latitude eluigwe . Ntuzi aka nke nhazi nke equatorial kwekọrọ na axis nke ntụgharị ụwa, karịa ụgbọ elu nke orbit mbara ala gburugburu anyanwụ. 

A na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "zodiac" na-ezo aka n'ígwé ojii nke zodiacal nke uzuzu nke na-agagharị n'etiti mbara ala, na ìhè zodiacal nke sitere na mgbasasị ha nke ìhè anyanwụ.  Ọ bụ ezie na aha ya sitere na zodiac, ìhè zodiacal na-ekpuchi mbara igwe abalị dum, yana nkwalite n'akụkụ ụfọdụ. 

 Ụmụ agwa Unicode 
Na Unicode, edobere akara nke akara zodiac na ngọngọ "Akara ngosi dị iche iche". Enwere ike ịmanye ha ka ha yie ederede site na itinye U+FE0E, ma ọ bụ dị ka emojis site na itinye U+FE0F: 

 Ntụaka 

 "Ngwọta na akara Zodiacal na ìgwè kpakpando: ọla pụrụ iche na uru nke idobe oge" bụ ihe odide nke malitere na 1831 na-elekwasị anya na kalenda Arabic, Coptic na Syriac.
 Otu kpakpando nke zodiac na ntuziaka igwe