Electracy

Electracy bụ echiche nke Gregory Ulmer nke na-akọwa nkà ndị dị mkpa iji jiri ikike nkwurịta okwu zuru oke nke mgbasa ozi eletrọniki ọhụrụ dị ka multimedia, hypermedia, ngwanrọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ụwa mebere emepe. Dị ka Ulmer si kwuo, electracy "bụ na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ ihe ịgụ na ide bụ ibipụta. " Ọ na-agụnye ọdịbendị, ụlọ ọrụ, nkuzi, na echiche dị na mgbanwe ọha na eze site na mbipụta gaa na mgbasa ozi eletrọniki Ulmer, G. L.  (2003). Internet Invention:  From Literacy to Electracy. New York:  Longman.Electracy bụ ngwakọta nke "electricity" na okwu Jacques Derrida "trace".

Electracy bụ echiche nke Gregory Ulmer nke na-akọwa nkà ndị dị mkpa iji jiri ikike nkwurịta okwu zuru oke nke mgbasa ozi eletrọniki ọhụrụ dị ka multimedia, hypermedia, ngwanrọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ụwa mebere emepe. Dị ka Ulmer si kwuo, electracy "bụ na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ ihe ịgụ na ide bụ ibipụta. " Ọ na-agụnye ọdịbendị, ụlọ ọrụ, nkuzi, na echiche dị na mgbanwe ọha na eze site na mbipụta gaa na mgbasa ozi eletrọniki Ulmer, G. L.  (2003). Internet Invention:  From Literacy to Electracy. New York:  Longman.Electracy bụ ngwakọta nke "electricity" na okwu Jacques Derrida "trace".

 Echiche 
Electracy na-egosi ọtụtụ ihe nyocha gụnyere akụkọ ihe mere eme na imepụta ihe ederede na omume mnemonic, mgbanwe epistemological na ontological sitere na omume ndị dị otú ahụ, mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na nke uche nke ọdịbendị netwọk, na mmejuputa nkuzi nke omume ndị sitere na nyocha dị otú ahụ.Gịnị ka ịgụ na ide bụ n'uche nyocha, electracy bụ n'ahụ mmetụta uche:

Ọkpụkpụ aka nke na-eme ka ikike mmadụ dịkwuo mma ma ọ bụ nke anụ ahụ. 

Ihe odide mkpụrụ akwụkwọ bụ ihe ncheta nke na-akwado ogologo agbụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke arụmụka na-agaghị ekwe omume ịnọgide na-enwe n'ime uche.

Ihe oyiyi dijitalụ n'otu aka ahụ na-akwado mgbagwoju anya nke ọnọdụ uche karịa ikike nke anụ ahụ.

Echiche eletrate na-atụ aro imepụta ikuku ndị a n'ime ọgụgụ isi nke ìgwè mmetụta uche.

Ịgụ na ide na ime ihe n'ụzọ dị mfe na mmekorita na-emepụta njikọta nke ụbụrụ aka ekpe na aka nri. 

Ọ bụrụ na ịgụ na ide lekwasịrị anya na usoro ihe ọmụma zuru ụwa ọnụ (sayensị), electracy na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ uche nke onye ọ bụla nke ihe ọmụma na-ewere ọnọdụ (nkà).Ọrụ Ulmer na-atụle oge ndị ọzọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mgbanwe teknụzụ dị ka ihe ndị e mepụtara na mkpụrụ akwụkwọ, ederede, na ígwè obibi akwụkwọ. Ọzọkwa, electracy bụ ụtọ asụsụ n'inweta usoro site na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ederede na omume mnemonic. 

Ulmer webatara electracy na Teletheory (1989), a malitekwara ịkọwa ya na agụmakwụkwọ na 1997. Porter, David. Internet Culture. New York: Routledge, 1997.James Inman weere electracy dị ka otu n'ime "ihe kachasị ama" nke oge a maka ihe Walter J. Ong kọwara n'otu oge dị ka "okwu nke abụọ" nke ga-emesị dochie agụmakwụkwọ. Inman, James. A. Computers and Writing: The Cyborg Era. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004.Ong, Walter J. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. London: Metheun, 1982.Inman na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti electracy na agụmakwụkwọ ndị ọzọ (dị ka metamedia), na-ekwu na ọ bụ echiche sara mbara pụrụ iche maka ịbụ onye na-adabere naanị na mgbasa ozi eletrọniki. Inman, James A. "Electracy for the Ages: Collaboration with the Past and Future." Electronic Collaboration in the Humanities: Issues and Options. Ed. James A. Inman, Cheryl Reed, and Peter Sands. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003. p. 52Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta eletrik anya, yana "echiche ngwaọrụ" ndị ọzọ dị ka Ong, na obi abụọ, na-arụ ụka na ha bụ "ndị dị mkpa" ma ọ bụ "ndịrị na-eme ihe".See, for example, Inman's cautionary statement on page 161 of Computers and Writing: The Cyborg Era and a response essay by Stephen Tchudi in Electronic Collaboration in the Humanities, pp. 79–88.

 Nkụzi nkuzi 
Lisa Gye na-ekwu na mgbanwe site na ịgụ na ide gaa na electracy agbanweela "ụzọ anyị si eche echiche, dee ma nyefee echiche," nakwa na nchegbu bụ isi nke Ulmer bụ ịghọta etu nke ahụ si gbanwee mmụta.

Electracy dị ka ebumnuche agụmakwụkwọ ka ndị ọkà mmụta n'ọtụtụ ngalaba gụnyere ihe odide Bekee na okwu, nkatọ akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi, mgbasa ozi dijitalụ na nka, na ihe owuwu. See Inman and also Leander, Kevin, and Paul Prior, "Speaking and Writing: How Talk and Text Interact in Situated Practices," What Writing Does and How It Does It: An Introduction to Analyzing Texts and Textual Practices, ed. Charles Bazerman and Paul Prior, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004)O'Gorman, Marcel. E-Crit: Digital Media, Critical Theory, and the Humanities. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006.Mitrasinovic, Miodrag, Total Landscape, Theme Parks, Public Space, Aldershot, England, and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 2006; Muecke, Mikesch W. Gottfried Semper in Zurich: An Intersection of Theory and Practice. Ames, IA: Culicidae Architectural Press, 2005.Mikesch Muecke na-akọwa na "echiche Gregory Ulmer banyere eletrik na-enye ... ihe nlereanya maka nkuzi ọhụrụ ebe mmụta dị nso na ihe e mepụtara karịa nkwenye. " Alan Clinton, na nyocha nke Internet Invention, dere na "nkụzi Ulmer na-emecha mee ka egwuregwu dị n'etiti nwa akwụkwọ na onye nkuzi".Muecke, p. 4

Ulmer n'onwe ya dere, sị:Electrate pedagogy dabeere na nka / ịma mma dị ka relays maka ịrụ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ a haziri dị ka ihe aka maka ịmụta isiokwu ọ bụla. Enweghị nka n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nke oge a bụ ihe yiri enweghị sayensị n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ oge ochie maka ịgụ na ide. Mgbochi nke nyocha nke ihe omimi site na nkwenkwe okpukpe n'oge a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ "oge ọchịchịrị" (na-egosipụta ibu iro nke ngwaọrụ ọnụ na ịgụ na ide), na-ejikọta taa site na mgbochi nke egwuregwu mara mma site na utilitarianism (na-egosi ibu iro nke ngwá ọrụ na-agụ na electracy). Mmekọrịta ambivalent nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na ntụrụndụ taa na-ekwughachi ambivalence na-agwa mmekọrịta chọọchị na sayensị n'oge agụmakwụkwọ.Ụzọ agụmakwụkwọ Ulmer dabara n'echiche na omume nkuzi constructivist. Ọ na-atụle mmekọrịta dị n'etiti pedagogy na electracy n'ogologo n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Sung-Do Kim bipụtara na 2005.Kim, Sung-Do. "The Grammatology of the Future" (An Interview with Gregory Ulmer). Deconstructing Derrida: Tasks for the New Humanities. Ed. Peter Pericles Trifonas and Michael A. Peters. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2005. 137–64.

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