Volvelle

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|308x308px|Chaatị ụkwụ nke narị afọ nke iri na isii, peeji nke Astronomicum Caesareum nke Petrus Apianus, 1540, nke o doro anya na ọ metụtara ọnwa. Dragọn ndị na-acha uhie uhie na-egosi otu nkewa dị iche iche na 26 nke hà nhata; oge ọnwa na-agba gburugburu bụ ụbọchị 27.3.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|201x201px|Volvelle sitere na mbipụta nke narị afọ nke iri na isii nke De sphaera mundi nke Johannes nke Sacrobosco.
volvelle ma ọ bụ chaatị wiil bụ ụdị chaatị slide, akwụkwọ nwere akụkụ na-agbagharị agbagharị.  na-ewere ya dị ka ihe atụ mbụ nke Kọmputa analog akwụkwọ. E mepụtara Volvelles iji kwado nhazi na ngụkọta n'ọtụtụ isiokwu dị iche iche. A na-ahụ ihe atụ mbụ nke volvelles na peeji nke akwụkwọ ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe. Enwere ike ịchọta  na "ụfọdụ akwụkwọ Arabic na ọgwụ ọchị" [1] na onye na-enyocha mbara igwe nke Persian, Abu Rayhan Biruni (ihe dị ka 1000), onye nyere aka dị mkpa na mmepe nke volvelle. 

Na narị afọ nke iri abụọ, volvelle nwere ọtụtụ ojiji dị iche iche.  Na Reinventing Wheel, odee Jessica Helfand weputara volvelles narị afọ nke iri abụọ na nke a:

Ndị egwu egwu Led Zeppelin were volvelle na nhazi aka maka album Led Zeppelin III (1970).

Egwuregwu abụọ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu Infocom gụnyere volvelles n'ime ngwugwu ha dị ka "mmetụta": Sorcerer (1983) na A Mind Forever Voyaging (1985).  Vollles abụọ ahụ gbochiri ibigharị egwuregwu ahụ n'ihi na ha nwere ozi dị mkpa iji kpọọ egwuregwu ahụ.

 Hụkwa 

 E6B
 Ramon Llull
 Pop-up book
 Slide chart
 Zairja

 Edensibia 

 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 

 [Ihe e dere n'<i id="mwgQ">Anya</i> ala peeji] Nke 41, Mpịakọta. 11, nke John L. Walters dezigharịrị, Quantum Publishing, Autumn 2001.
 Lindberg, Sten G. "Mobiles in Books: Volvelles, Inserts, Pyramids, Divinations, and Children's Games". The Private Library, 3rd series 2.2 (1979): 49.
 Ihe ngosi nke volvelles na Grolier Club nke New York.