Peter Willcox

Peter Willcox (amụrụ na Machị 6, 1953) bụ onye isi ụgbọ mmiri America nke a maara nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na nzukọ gburugburu ebe obibi Greenpeace. Ọ nọ n'ụgbọ ahụ dị ka onyeisi ụgbọ mmiri Rainbow Warrior mgbe DGSE (ọrụ nzuzo nke France) tụrụ ya bọmbụ ma mikpuo ya na New Zealand na 1985. 

N'afọ 2013, ọ nọ n'ụgbọ mmiri MV Arctic Sunrise mgbe ndị agha Russia banyere na ya ma jide ya na ndị ọzọ 30 na-eme ihe n'ihe a maara dị ka "Arctic 30." E jidere ya ọnwa abụọ tupu a tọhapụ ya. N'afọ 2014, ọ natara Lifetime Achievement Award site na The Guardian maka ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi ya.

 Afọ ndị mbụ 
A mụrụ Willcox nye Eleanor Sharpe nke Woodstock, Vermont.  Sharpe, onye so na ndị otu egwuregwu Ski US n'oge ahụ, alụbeghị di ma nyefee nwa ahụ maka nkuchi n'ịgba ndị ezinụlọ ya ume.  Roger na Elsie Willcox nke South Norwalk, Connecticut nakweere Willcox. A zụlitere ya na Village Creek.  Nne na nna Willcox abụọ nọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.  Roger, onye nhazi obodo bụ ọkachamara na ngalaba-ops, bụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri.  Elsie, onye nwụrụ na 1973, bụ onye nkuzi sayensị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Norwalk wee guzobe klọb gburugburu na ngwụcha 1960s.

Ma nne ya na nne na nna ya ochie, Henry na Anita Willcox, ka a kpọrọ oku ka ha gbaa akaebe n'ihu Kọmitii Ihe Omume nke Ụlọ Un-American, na ọrụ ha mebiri n'ihi ya.  Elsie, n'ịbụ onye na-atụ ụjọ na akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù ga-etinye ya ohere ịmụta nwa ọzọ n'ihe ize ndụ, kpọọrọ Peter na nwanne ya nwoke bụ́ Michael n'okpuru ala ruo ọnwa atọ n'afọ 1956. Mgbe e mechachara akwụkwọ e kuchiri ekuchi ahụ, ha laghachiri Norwalk, bụ́ ebe ọ natara akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù ka ọ gbaa akaebe.

A kpọgara Willcox n'ọtụtụ ngagharị iwe maka ikike obodo mgbe ọ bụ nwata.  Ihe ndị a ruru n'ókè na 1965, mgbe Willcox na nna ya gara ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke njem Selma na Montgomery Civil Rights. Ihe omume ahụ gosipụtara echiche ya na ngosipụta ma ọ bụ omume na-abụghị nke ime ihe ike nwere ike ịbụ ngwá ọrụ bara uru maka mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.

Willcox gara North Country School, ma mesịa gaa The Putney School na Vermont.

 Mmiri dị ọcha 
N'oge afọ ikpeazụ ya na The Putney School, Willcox nwetara ọkwa nke mbụ na 1972 draft lottery.  O tinyere akwụkwọ ma nata ọnọdụ onye jụrụ n'ihi akọ na uche. N'ihi ọrụ Bill Siebert, onye mbụ, onye ọka ikpe gọọmentị kwadoro Hudson River Sloop Clearwater ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ a na-anabata maka ndị jụrụ ọrụ n'ihi akọ na uche. Ọ bụ ezie na Onye isi ala Nixon kwupụtara na Agha Vietnam agwụla na Febụwarị 1973, na ntinye aka, Willcox sonyeere Clearwater. Ọ nọrọ n'afọ 1973 dị ka onye nke abụọ na onye nke mbụ, wee laghachi na 1976 dị ka onyeisi. Mgbe ọ nọ na Clearwater, Willcox zutere Pete na Toshi Seeger ma hụ ha dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka ime ihe ike.

 Greenpeace 
Mgbe ọ nọsịrị otu afọ na-eme nchọpụta humpback whale na square rigger ochie, Willcox hụrụ mgbasa ozi maka ndị enyi na ndị injinia na ụgbọ mmiri Greenpeace ọhụrụ, Rainbow Warrior. N'inye ya ebe dị ka onye nwere ike ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ, e buliri ya n'ọkwa First Mate n'ụbọchị mbụ ya. Mgbe ọnwa anọ gachara, mgbe onye isi ụgbọ mmiri Britain hapụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ iji laghachi n'ezinụlọ ya, ọ ghọrọ onye isi ụgbọelu. Na Julaị 10, 1985, ka Rainbow Warrior nọ na Auckland Harbour na-akwadebe ịnya ụgbọ mmiri iji mee mkpesa maka nnwale nuklia nke France, ndị ọrụ nzuzo nke France tụrụ ya bọmbụ ma mikpuo. Ihe omume ahụ, nke gburu onye na-ese foto n'efu Fernando Pereira, kpatara ihe ihere mba ụwa.

Na Septemba 19, 2013, e jidere ya na mmiri Russia maka isonye na mkpọsa Greenpeace ọzọ.

 Mgbasa ozi Greenpeace a ma ama 
1981:Ogwugwu mmanụ n'oge mmiri na Georges Bank.

1982:

Ịkwụsị ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi mba ka ị na-atụfu otu nde galọn nke sulfuric acid n'akụkụ osimiri New Jersey kwa ụbọchị.

Ogbugbu seal na Canada.

Ogbugbu dolphin dị ka akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ tuna na Pacific.

Mgbasa ozi igbu whale na Peru.

1983:

Nnyocha ala ọma jijiji n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke California.

Ịkụ azụ Driftnet na North Pacific.

Ịchụ nta whale site na Russia na Oké Osimiri Bering.

1985:

Ịkwaga obodo Rongalap na Marshall Islands bụ ndị U.S. Atomic Testing metụtara.

Ndị agha France gbagburu Rainbow Warrior na Auckland, na-egbu onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri Fernando Pereira.

Ọ banyere ụgbọ mmiri Vega IV gaa Mururoa atoll.

1987

Ime ihe na Danish Fisherman megide ụgbọ mmiri Waste Management Vulcanos.

1988

Omume na USN destroyer na-eweta ngwá agha nuklia na Denmark.

1989

Njem mbụ n'ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ Rainbow Warrior.

Omume Oké Osimiri Tasman megide ndị na-agba ọsọ.

Ule sayensị na Mururoa.

1993

N'ịbụ ndị Russia kpughere ihe mkpofu nuklia n'Oké Osimiri Japan.

1995

Sniak n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik Turkey na-ere coal na ọkọlọtọ.

2000

Iweghachi ihe mkpofu na-egbu egbu n'ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya US na Manila.

2001

Soldertalje, Sweden na-eme ihe maka ịgba ihe mkpofu na-egbu egbu ọkụ iji mepụta ọkụ eletrik.

2003 (?)

Guns for Logs na Italy, France, Spain na Netherlands.

2007

Njem nyocha gaa n'Oké Osimiri Bering na ụgbọ mmiri abụọ nwere otu onye.

2009

Njem nyocha na Greenland iji dekọọ okpomọkụ ụwa.

2013

Ndị isi ụgbọ mmiri Arctic Sunrise na-eme ihe megide ebe a na-egwu mmanụ na Russia na mmiri mba ụwa na Arctic. E jidere ya na ndị ọrụ ya ma tụọ ha mkpọrọ ọnwa abụọ tupu e nye ha mgbaghara. E mere ngagharị iwe n'ụwa niile na-agba Onye isi ala Russia Vladimir Putin ume ka ọ hapụ Arctic 30.

2016

Peter na-eduzi Rainbow Warrior nke abụọ dị nso na Fukushima, Japan iji nyochaa ọkwa radieshon na-ahapụ n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi site na reactors nuklia mebiri emebi.

 Ndụ ezinụlọ 
Willcox lụrụ di na 1991, n'oge a mụrụ nwa ya nwanyị mbụ, Anita.  A mụrụ nwa ya nwanyị nke abụọ, Natasha, n'afọ 1995.  Ọ kewara na 2002 wee si Spain ebe ọ bi na Norwalk, Connecticut.  Ụmụ ya nwanyị sonyeere ya n'afọ 2004.  N'afọ 2013, ọ lụrụ Maggy Aston, onye ọ zutere na Clearwater na ngwụcha afọ 1970, na agwaetiti Islesboro na Maine, ebe ọ bi ugbu a. O nwere nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Skylar Purdy. O nwere ụmụnne nwoke na ụmụnne nwanyị itoolu, ma ọ bụ ndị nkuchi, nke anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke nwa.

 Ịkwọ Ụgbọ Mmiri 
Willcox tolitere n'ụgbọ mmiri.  Nna ya Roger bụ onye mmeri mba ọtụtụ klas, onye kpọọrọ nwa ya nwoke na-agba ọsọ ụgbọ mmiri na mbido afọ 1960.  Roger nọgidere na-abụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-eme ihe n'oge oyi na-atụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 94.  Willcox gbara ọsọ maka America's Cup syndicate Freedom - Enterprise na 1979.  O meela iri Bermuda Races, mere asatọ S.O.R.C.s (Southern Ocean Racing Circuits) na 1970s ma ka na-arụsi ọrụ ike taa.  Ọ na-agba ọsọ ugbu a n'ụgbọ mmiri a na-akpọ Christopher Dragon site na New York.

Ọ na-eme atụmatụ na ọ na-agba ihe karịrị kilomita 400,000 na ọrụ ọkachamara na ntụrụndụ ya.

Ọ lara ezumike nká na Greenpeace na June 2019.  Ọ na-aga n'ihu na-agba ọsọ, na-apụ, ma na-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri maka mbara ala ka mma.

 Ide ihe 
Akwụkwọ ncheta Willcox bụ Greenpeace Captain: My Adventures in Protecting the Future of Our Planet ka St. Martin's Press wepụtara na Eprel 18, 2016 na United States na Canada. Na Australia na New Zealand, Random House Publishing wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ.

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 Njikọ mpụga 

 2013 Ajụjụ ọnụ na Richard Fidler
 2015 Ajụjụ ọnụ Audio na Soundcloud #016 Mmiri dị obosara
 2016 Audio Interview on Soundcloud #139: Adventures in Protecting the Future of our Planet.
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