Ndepụta nke Sphenisciformes site na ọnụ ọgụgụ

Nke  bụ ndepụta nke ụdị Sphenisciformes site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụwa. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ atụmatụ, ndị ọkachamara na ngalaba ha emeela ha.

Sphenisciformes (site na Latin maka "ụdị ụdọ") bụ usoro taxonomic nke penguins nọ na ya. Ndụ Bird mba ụwa enyochawo ụdị iri na asatọ. 16 (89% nke ngụkọta ụdị) emeela atụmatụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ha: ndị na efu efu bụ eze na obere penguins, nke a nyochara abụọ ahụ dị ka ndị na adịchaghị echegbu onwe ha.

A na eji ụzọ dịgasị iche iche maka ịgụta penguins, na Eprel 2012 hụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ ha site na mbara igwe, mgbe ejiri ihe oyiyi sitere na Ikonos, QuickBird-2, na WorldView-2 satellites gụọ ndị eze Antarctican. Nke a bụ usoro yiri nke UNHCR ji gụọ ụmụ mmadụ na Somalia. Ọtụtụ nnyocha ndị na eme n'oké osimiri na eji eriri na-adịghị mma iji tụọ njupụta; a na agbakwunye nke a n'ebe anụmanụ ahụ dị. A na agụ Galapagos kwa afọ kemgbe 1961 site na Galápagos Ọrụ Ntụrụndụ Mba. Site n'ala na oké osimiri, ha na eme ọnụ ọgụgụ zuru oke na mpaghara iri na ọnụ ọgụgụ nkebi na anọ. Nnyocha nke nnụnụ 721 nke afọ 2012 gosipụtara na ọkwa anọgidewo na adị otu n'ime afọ ndị na adịbeghị anya, ọ dịghịkwa mkpa ịgbanwe atụmatụ zuru ezu ugbu a. Maka ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara otu esi achọpụta atụmatụ ndị a, lee isiokwu Wikipedia banyere ihe ndị dị ndụ na ihe ndị dị gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ụdị ndị a na enweghị ike itinye na ndepụta nke ọdịdị a gụnyere Waitaha penguin, nke ikpeazụ a kwenyere na ọ nwụrụ n'etiti 1300 na 1500 AD (n'oge na adịghị anya mgbe Polynesian rutere New Zealand), na Chatham penguin, bụ nke a maara naanị site na subfossils mana enwere ike idebe ya n'agbata oge ụfọdụ n'etiti 1867 na 1872. Adélies na emperors na-akpa akwụ́ na Antarctica ma na eri nri na ice gbajiri agbaji; mmetụta okpomọkụ ụwa na nke ikpeazụ nwere ike imetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ha, na chinstraps na gentoo, nke abụọ na eri na mmiri mepere emepe, anọwo na abanye n'ime Adélie na ndị eze ukwu na ebute ice. Gentoo ahụla mmụba nke 7500% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ kemgbe 1974, na chinstraps 2700%.

 Ụdị dị iche iche site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụwa 
Common nameBinomial namePopulationStatusTrendNotesImageGalapagos penguinSpheniscus mendiculus1800EN175x175pxHumboldt penguinSpheniscus humboldti3300 – 12 000VU175x175pxFiordland penguinEudyptes pachyrhynchus5000 – 6000VUOnly mature individuals were included in the count.175x175pxYellow-eyed penguinMegadyptes antipodes5930 – 6970ENEstimate is dated (1988/89).175x175pxAfrican penguinSpheniscus demersus75 000 – 80 000EN5000 breeding pairs in Namibia & 21 000 in South Africa.175x175pxSnares penguinEudyptes robustus93 000VU175x175pxErect-crested penguinEudyptes sclateri195 000 – 210 000ENPopulation breeds in two locations: the Bounty Islands (26 000 pairs), & the Antipodes Islands (41 000 pairs).175x175pxNorthern rockhopper penguinEudyptes moseleyi530 000ENOnly mature individuals were included in the count (265 thousand pairs); population has declined 57% in the past 37 years.263x263pxEmperor penguinAptenodytes forsteri595 000NT175x175pxGentoo penguinPygoscelis papua774 000LCOnly mature individuals were included in the count (387 thousand pairs).175x175pxRoyal penguinEudyptes schlegeli1 700 000NTOnly mature individuals were included in the count (850 000 pairs on Macquarie & over 1000 pairs on Bishop and Clerk). Estimate is from the 1980s, but population is stable.175x175pxSouthern rockhopper penguinEudyptes chrysocome2 460 000VUOnly mature individuals were included in the count (1.23 million pairs); population has declined 34% in the past 37 years.175x175pxMagellanic penguinSpheniscus magellanicus2 600 000NTOnly mature individuals were included in the count (1.3 million pairs).175x175pxAdélie penguinPygoscelis adeliae4 740 000LCOnly mature individuals were included in the count (2.37 million pairs).175x175pxChinstrap penguinPygoscelis antarcticus8 000 000LCMinimum estimate.175x175pxMacaroni penguinEudyptes chrysolophus18 000 000VUOnly mature individuals were included in the count (9 million pairs); main population centres at Île des Pingouins, Heard and McDonald (1 million pairs each), Kerguelen (1.8 million pairs), & South Georgia (2.5 million pairs).175x175px

 Hụkwa 


 Ndepụta nke nnụnụ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ
 Ndepụta nke ihe ndị dị ndụ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ

 Ihe odide