The Goodness Paradox

The Goodness Paradox: The Strange Relationship Between Virtue and Violence in Human Evolution bụ akwụkwọ nke onye Britain na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị n'ime ala bụ Richard Wrangham.

Wrangham na-ekwu na ụmụ mmadụ emeela onwe ha site na usoro nke ịhọrọ onwe ya nke yiri nke ịzụlite nkịta ọhịa nke Dmitry Belyayev kọwara, echiche nke Johann Friedrich Blumenbach bu ụzọ chepụta na mmalite afọ 1800. Charles Darwin ekwenyeghị, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ na-ahụ maka evolushọn kemgbe ahụ.

Dị ka ọkà mmụta ihe omimi bụ John D. Hawks si kwuo, Wrangham na-eso ndị ọkà mmụta gụnyere Kenneth A. Dodge n'ikewa mmegide mmadụ n'ụdị abụọ.  Ụdị nke mbụ, "mkpasu iwe na-emeghachi omume", bụ mgbe ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-awakpo na nzaghachi na mkpasu iwe.  Ụdị nke abụọ, "mkpasu iwe na-arụsi ọrụ ike", bụ nke a na-eme atụmatụ, eburu n'uche, ma gụnyere ịkpachara anya na-egbu egbu..Hawks, John (25 January 2019). ""The Goodness Paradox" Review: The Benefits of Good Breeding (book review)". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 27 January 2019. Iji kọwaa echiche ya, Wrangham kpọrọ ndị na-agụ ya ka ha chepụta ụgbọ elu azụmahịa. Ụmụ anụmanụ ndị ọzọ jupụtara n'ime oghere dị otú ahụ ga-emeghachi omume site na, n"okwu Hawks, "ịkụpụ ibe ha n "akụkụ". Ụmụ mmadụ anaghị eme ya n'ihi na ha nwere obere ọchịchọ maka ime ihe ike. N'ụzọ dị iche, ime ihe ike, dị oke elu n'ime ụmụ mmadụ nke na anyị ga-etinye usoro nchebe zuru oke iji gbochie ndị ọzọ ime atụmatụ iji mee ka ụgbọelu ahụ daa.

Wrangham na-enye echiche ọhụrụ na isiokwu nke Konrad Lorenz Lorenz K., (1963) On Aggression, Methuen Publishing na Erich Fromm nyochara, nke a nabatara nyocha ya n'ụzọ dị mkpirikpi.Fromm E., (1973) The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness

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