Ụkpụrụ Ọhịa

The Forest Principles (nke a na-akpọkwa Rio Forest Principles, nke a na-ahụkarị Non-Legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types of Forests) bụ akwụkwọ e mepụtara na 1992 na United Nations Conference on Environment and Development ("Earth Summit").  Ọ bụ akwụkwọ na-abụghị nke iwu kwadoro nke na-enye ọtụtụ aro maka nchekwa na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.

Na Nzukọ nke Ụwa, mkparịta ụka nke akwụkwọ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya site na ihe mba ndị na-emepe emepe chọrọ n'ìgwè nke 77 maka enyemaka mba ọzọ ka ha wee kwụọ ụgwọ maka ịhapụ ebe nchekwa ọhịa. Mba ndị mepere emepe guzogidere ihe ndị ahụ, akwụkwọ ikpeazụ bụ nkwekọrịta.

 Ọganihu 
Usoro FOREST EUROPE (Mgbakọ Ministrial na Nchebe nke Ọhịa na Europe, MCPFE) malitere site na Nzukọ Strasbourg na 1990 ma nabata ụkpụrụ ọhịa ma tinye ya n'ime usoro ihe omume site na Nzọụkwụ Helsinki na 1993. Usoro a na ekpuchi mpaghara Pan-European nke nwere ndị bịanyere aka 47 (mba 46 nke Europe na European Union) nke na agbakọta na mpaghara Montreal Process (Russia bụ onye bịanyere aha na usoro abụọ ahụ).

N'ihi lobbying site na caucus mba na-emepe emepe (ma ọ bụ Group of 77) na United Nations, e guzobere ụkpụrụ ọhịa ndị na adịghị agbanye iwu na 1992. Ndị a jikọtara nsogbu nke mgbukpọ ọhịa na ụgwọ ụwa nke atọ na nnyefe teknụzụ ezughi oke ma kwuo na "kwekọrịta zuru oke nke inweta uru metụtara nchekwa ọhịa... kwesiri ka ndị mba ụwa kerịta ya" (para1 (b)).United Nations. Non-Legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of all Types of Forests. A/CONF.151/6/Rev1. United Nations, Rio de Janeiro. 1992. N'ikpeazụ, otu nke 77 rụrụ ụka na 1995 Intergovernmental Panel on Forests (IPF) na 2001 Intergovernmentel Forum on Forests, maka ịnweta teknụzụ dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na enweghị ike nke ikike ọgụgụ isi; ebe ọ bụ na steeti mepere emepe jụrụ arịrịọ maka ego ọhịa.

Ìgwè ndị ọkachamara e guzobere n'okpuru United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) kọrọ na 2004, mana na 2007 mba mepụtara ọzọ kwadoro asụsụ na ụkpụrụ nke ederede ikpeazụ nke nwere ike ịkwado ọrụ iwu ha n'okpuru iwu mba ụwa iji nye ego na teknụzụ dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.United Nations. Non-Legally Binding Instrument on All Types of Forests. United Nations 22 Oct. 2007. A/C.2/62/L.5.

Usoro Montreal, nke a makwaara dị ka Òtù Ọrụ na Criteria na Indicators maka Nchekwa na Nchịkwa Na adịgide Adịgide nke Oké Ọhịa na Boreal, malitere na 1994 n'ihi ụkpụrụ Ọhịa.

 Hụkwa 


 Mmekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi
 Ọhịa gburugburu ebe obibi
 Iji ala eme ihe, mgbanwe iji ala eme ihe na ọhịa (LULUCF)
 Nzukọ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Maka Ọhịa

 Ihe odide 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Ihe odide Forest Principles, A/CONF.151/26 (Mpịakọta. Atọ) Mgbakwunye nke Atọ
 Nzukọ nke United Nations maka Ọhịa