Usoro nke Ọrụ nka osisi Chivalry

The Order of Woodcraft Chivalry bụ òtù naeme ihe na United Kingdom, nke Ernest Westlake guzobere na 1916. Ọ sitere nike mmụọ nsọ nke Ernest Thompson Seton's Woodcraft Indians, Seton bụkwa nnukwu onye isi nsọpụrụ ya. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ noge Baden-Powell's Scouting movement, ọ dị iche na ya nihi na ọ nweghị ihe ndị agha a naahụ anya nke Scouting, kama naelekwasị anya na omume ọma nke obiọma, mkpakọrịta na nkà osisi. The Order dị obere ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị Scouts, naenwe naanị ndị otu 1,200 na 1926. Ka ọ naerule afọ 1950, ọ kwụsịrị inwe nnukwu ọnụnọ ọha. Ọ ka dị (2016) dị ka netwọk nke ndị enyi onwe onye nwere njikọ ezinụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na nzukọ mbụ, naenweghị mmasị na mgbasa ozi na njikọ ole na ole na Woodcraft Folk ma ọ bụ Forest School Camps.

Usoro ahụ nabatara ọtụtụ ntọala nke Neopaganism. Onye edemede Steve Wilson atụwo aro na ọ nyere ihe ndabere maka New Forest coven, na site na nke ahụ okpukpe Neopagan nke Wicca.

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 

 Ntọala 
Westlake bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe okike, onye naamụ banyere ụmụ mmadụ na onye njem nke nkuzi Quaker, mana na 1909 ọ malitere ịkatọ Quakerism ma too "chi ochie" nke ikpere arụsị. Ndị edemede dị ka Edward Carpenter, Nietzsche, Havelock Ellis, Jane Ellen Harrison, Tylor na Frazer kpaliri ya, ma hụ Order ka ọ naazọpụta ndị mmadụ site na "azụ ahịa nke okpukpe nwere ọgụgụ isi" ma naeme ka "Hellas ukwu" nke mmepeanya nke oge a dịghachi ndụ. Ọ hụrụ ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị mmadụ nke Chineke, ka a "naefe ha ofufe na mmụọ na eziokwu"; ọ naasọpụrụ Jack-in-the-Green, nke o weere dị ka ihe Bekee yiri Dionysus, ma kwenyere na "Trinity of Woodcraft" nwere Pan, Artemis na Dionysus.Hutton, pp. 164-5.

Emere emume folkmoot mbụ nke Order na Sandy Balls, ala Westlake na nsọtụ ugwu nke Ọhịa Ọhụrụ, na Lammas 1921, na ọkụ dị nsọ nke mmadụ anọ yi uwe nke akụkụ nke ọ bụla, naeweta ekele sitere na ike elemental nusoro site nebe ugwu gaa nebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Nagbanyeghị isiokwu ndị a naekpere arụsị, Westlake echeghị na ha naahapụ Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, ma kwuo na "otu gaabụrịrị ezigbo onye ọgọ mmụọ tupu mmadụ enwee ike ịbụ ezigbo Onye Kraịst". O kwenyere na mgbe mbilite nọnwụ ya, Jizọs Kraịst agbasaala nime okike, nakwa na site nịmata chi dị nokike, ndị mmadụ gaabịaru Kraịst nso.Hutton, p. 166. N'ihi ya, Order ahụ kwalitere echiche "ihe omimi na nke animist" banyere okike.Steven J. Sutcliffe, Children of the New Age: A History of Spiritual Practices, Routledge, London, 2002, p.41

The Order nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ntọala nke Forest School Camps movement.

E nwere obere ihe akaebe nke mmekọrịta dị netiti Order na Woodcraft Folk, nke bụkwa nkewapụ na Kibbo Kift ma bụrụkwa nke Seton kpaliri. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ nihi na Order of Woodcraft Chivalry abụghị nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma nwee ndị otu nọ netiti bara ọgaranya (dịka. Westlake nwere ala obodo) ebe Woodcraft Folk, nke kpọrọ onwe ya 'The Movement for Workers Children' na 1920s, bụkarị otu ndị ọrụ naarụ ọrụ n'oge ahụ.

 Mgbe Westlake gasịrị 
Mgbe Westlake nwụsịrị nihe mberede ụgbọala na 1922, ọrụ nke British Chief of the Order dara naka Harry Byngham, onye mechara gbanwee aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Dion, mkpirisi maka Dionysus. Nadịghị ka Westlake, Dion Byngham ahụghị mmasị na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, ma jiri ịnụ ọkụ nobi kwalite ikpere arụsị, naturism na ofufe nwoke dị ka nsọpụrụ nke ike ndụ. Ọ malitere ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Order nke a naakpọ The Pinecone, nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe naakpali akpali, gụnyere Dionysus gba ọtọ nihu otu mbipụta, foto nke Byngham gba ọtọ na enyi ya nwanyị gba ọtọ na uwe ndị Gris, na egwuregwu uri nke Victor Benjamin Neuburg, onye mekwara ka Byngham mara echiche nke onye anwansi a ma ama Aleister Crowley. Ihe a niile mere ka Byngham na ọtụtụ nime ndị otu Ndị Kraịst nke Order nwee esemokwu, nke bụ maka ụmụaka ma nwee, site nọnọdụ udo ya, karịsịa naarịọ ezinụlọ Quaker dị ka ihe ọzọ na Scouting. Nafọ 1924, a gbanwere Byngham dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ma nafọ 1925, a kwụsịtụrụ ya na Council of Chiefs mgbe ya na enyi ya nwanyị gbara ọtọ maka foto ndị nta akụkọ iji kwalite ịgba ọtọ.Hutton, pp. 166-8.

Nagbata afọ 1922 na 1927, ememe nke iwu ahụ gara nihu naagbanwe nusoro Masonic na nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ Masonic, naewebata utu aha dị iche iche na ngwá ọrụ ememe. Nafọ 1928, a nabatara nkwekọrịta netiti ndị ọgọ mmụọ na ndị otu naakwado Ndị Kraịst ebe iwu ahụ ga-akwalite ma ịdị nsọ nke okike na ụkpụrụ omume Ndị Kraịst, ka ọ naakatọ akụkụ "naegbochi" nke Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. Otú ọ dị, ndị otu dara. Nafọ 1929, Society of Friends wepụrụ nkwado maka Order, na 1930 enwere naanị ndị otu 400 fọdụrụ. Nafọ 1934, Aubrey Westlake, nwa Ernest, gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka Chieftain, na 1935 ọ hapụrụ iwu ahụ, naanapụ ya ebe nzukọ ya na Sandy Balls.Hutton, pp. 168-170. Steve Wilson naekwu na ụfọdụ nime ndị ọgọ mmụọ kewara iji guzobe New Forest coven, nke ghọrọ mmalite nke okpukpe Wicca.Wilson, Steve (1996). "Woodcrafting the Art of Magic". Aisling #8.

 Oge a 
Hutton kwuru na 1999 na "The Order naaga nihu naadịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ obere ndị otu".Hutton, p. 170. Nafọ ndị 1990 Martin Westlake, nwa Aubrey na nwa Ernest, nyere Order ohere ime emume ncheta ya na Sandy Balls estate ọzọ.Wilson, Steve (1996). "Woodcrafting the Art of Magic". Aisling #8.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ naha Order dị ma melite ya na Febụwarị 2015.  O yiri ka ndị otu dị ugbu a naejikarị ya ebipụta foto, wdg, ma nwee obere ihe iji dọta ndị otu ọhụrụ. Usoro ahụ naadịgide dị ka obere netwọk nke ndị enyi onwe onye jikọtara ya na nzukọ mbụ.

OWC bụ onye naakwado, ya na Liga Lesni Moudrosti (The Woodcraft League of the Czech Republic), nke Blue Sky! World Woodcraft Gathering nke naewere ọnọdụ afọ atọ ọ bụla na UK na Czech Republic. Malite na 1996, nnọkọ na 2017 gaabụ nzukọ nke 8 ma mee ya na UK. Ndị Scout na ndị ọrụ osisi si Poland na mba ndị ọzọ naesokwa na ya.

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 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Usoro nke Woodcraft Chivalry.
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations