Usoro Akụkọ Ọrịa Naebute Mmiri na Ntiwapụ

The Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS) bụ usoro nlekota mba nke US Centers for Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa (CDC) naelekọta. WBDOSS naenweta data banyere ntiwapụ nke ọrịa naebute mmiri na otu ikpe nke ọrịa na naebugharị mmiri nke mkpa ahụike ọha na eze (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)) na United States wee gbasaa ozi gbasara ọrịa ndị a, ntiwapụ, na ihe kpatara ha. WBDOSS malitere na 1971 site na CDC, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), na Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Ngalaba ahụike ọha na eze na-akọ akụkọ na steeti, mpaghara, na Freely Associated States (nke mejupụtara Republic of the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia na Republic of Palau; nke bụbu akụkụ nke US-naachịkwa Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands).  Ọ bụ ezie na e mere ya na mbụ iji chịkọta data gbasara ntiwapụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ na United States, WBDOSS ugbu a na-agụnye ntiwapụ metụtara mmiri ntụrụndụ, yana ntiwapụ ndị metụtara mmiri nke a na-ebughị maka ịṅụ (nke na-abụghị ntụrụndaka) na mmiri nke a maghị ojiji a chọrọ.Yoder J, Hlavsa M, Craun GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water use and other aquatic facility –associated health events—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 1-38Yoder J, Roberts V, Craun, GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with drinking water and water not intended for drinking—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 39-69.

 Nkọwa nke Ntiwapụ nke Ọrịa Naebute Mmiri 
Ntiwapụ nke ọrịa na-ebute mmiri nwere ike ijikọta ya na mmiri ntụrụndụ, mmiri e bu n'obi ịṅụ, mmiri a naebughị n'obi maka ịṅụ (mmiri na-abụghị ntụrụndaka, dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na ụlọ elu oyi ma ọ bụ isi iyi ịchọ mma) na mmiri nke ebumnuche a naamaghị ama. Iji tinye ntiwapụ nke ọrịa naebute mmiri na WBDOSS, a ghaghị inwe njikọ ọrịa naefe efe n'etiti mmadụ abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa nke gụnyere ebe mmiri naekpughe, oge akọwapụtara nke ọma maka ikpughe mmiri, na otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ọrịa naarịa mmiri nke pathogens dị ka nje bacteria, parasites na nje virus, ma ọ bụ site na kemịkal / nsí. Ụzọ ndị a naahụkarị maka nje ndị naebute mmiri na-agụnye ilo mmiri na-metọ emetọ, iku ume mmiri ma ọ bụ kemịkal ikuku site na mmiri, yana mmetụ anụ ahụ na mmiri emetọ. Ihe akaebe na-efe efe gaagụnye mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe ndị naagbaze agbaze site na mmiri nke batara n'ikuku dị ka isi iyi nke ọrịa ahụ. A naenyocha ntiwapụ WBDOSS ma kewaa ya dabere na ike nke ihe akaebe na akụkọ ntiwapụ nke na-egosi mmiri dị ka isi iyi nke ntiwapụ ahụ. A naenye ntiwapụ ọrịa naebute mmiri nke nwere data ọrịa naefe efe siri ike na data nyocha mmiri zuru oke klas dị elu karịa ntiwapụ nke nwere data na-adịghị ike na obere ma ọ bụ enweghị data nyocha mmiri.Yoder J, Hlavsa M, Craun GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water use and other aquatic facility –associated health events—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 1-38Yoder J, Roberts V, Craun, GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with drinking water and water not intended for drinking—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 39-69.

 Ebe Data Sources maka WBDOSS 
Ngalaba ahụike ọha na eze naenyocha ntiwapụ nke ọrịa na-ebute mmiri na steeti, mpaghara, na steeti ndị a naejikọta n'efu ma bụrụ ndị naenye aka dị mkpa na WBDOSS. Ngwá ọrụ akụkọ bụ isi maka WBDOSS tupu afọ 2009 bụ ụdị akụkọ akụkọ ọrịa nafe efe nke CDC 52.12. Malite na 2009, e ji usoro elektrọnik National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) dochie ụdị a. Isi iyi data nke abụọ gụnyere akụkọ banyere ọrịa PAM metụtara mmiri nke ọrịa Naegleria fowleri kpatara, akụkọ banyere nsị kemịkal nsị na ọrịa ọnyá (nke a naakọ site n'oge ruo n'oge), data banyere ọrịa Vibrio metụtara mmiri ntụrụndụ site na Cholera na Vibrio Surveillance System ndị ọzọ, na akụkọ ikpe maka ihe omume kemịkal metụtara ọdọ mmiri naenweghị njikọ na mmiri ntụrụ <i id="mwGQ">obi</i> (nke a kọrọ site n'ebe ruo n'afọ).Yoder J, Hlavsa M, Craun GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water use and other aquatic facility –associated health events—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 1-38Yoder J, Roberts V, Craun, GF, et al. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with drinking water and water not intended for drinking—United States, 2005-2006. In: Surveillance Summaries, September 12, 2008. MMWR; 57(No. SS-9): 39-69.

 Ojiji Data 
CDC ebipụtala nchịkọta nyocha WBDOSS kwa afọ ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ kemgbe 1971.  E bipụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ nchịkọta na nkọwa nke ntiwapụ nke ọrịa naebute mmiri na akụkọ CDC ruo 1984 ma bipụta ya na Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) kemgbe 1985. Ndị naeme nchọpụta ahụike ọha na eze na ndị na-eme iwu naeji data ahụ ghọta ma belata ọrịa naebute mmiri na ntiwapụ. Enwere data WBDOSS iji kwado mbọ EPA naagba iji melite ogo mmiri ọṅụṅụ na inye ntụziaka maka ọrụ mmiri ntụrụndụ CDC, dị ka mmemme Ịnya Mmiri Dị Ọdịmma.

 Hụkwa 
National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS)

 Ihe odide 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Usoro Nlekọta Ọrịa na Ọrịa Na-ebute Mmiri (WBDOSS)
 Ịgba mmiri dị mma na US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) banyere igwu mmiri na ozi metụtara mmiri ntụrụndụ
 Mmiri dị mma na US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
 OutbreakNet Team na United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.