Ọkụ nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia nke afọ 2006

2006 Southeast Asian haze bụ ihe omume mmetọ ikuku nke na-aga n'ihu, ọkụ na-enweghị nchịkwa site na "slash and burn" cultivation na Indonesia, nke metụtara ọtụtụ mba na mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia na karịa, gụnyere Malaysia, Singapore, ndịda Thailand, na n'ébé dị ányá dị ka Saipan; mmetụta nke haze nwèrè ike ịgbasa na South Korea. Ébé ndị na-emetọ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na mpaghara, n'amaghị ama, nyèrè aka n'ịbawanye nsị ikuku (karịsịa n'ebe ndị emetọlarị); ọkachasị ébé ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ gụnyere obodo ndị dị nso na ụlọ ọrụ akwa, ụlọ ọrụ fatịlaịza, ụlọ ọrụ na-etinye anụ, ugbo mmiri ara ehi, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ. Ọnọdụ ikuku dị ala, n'ozuzu, màkà ndị bi n'obodo ndị mmadụ jupụtara. N'ime obodo ukwu na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke Klang Valley nke Malaysia, ọkachasị, ala dị elu gbàrà ya gburu-gburu rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe na-ejigide ikuku na-emetọ emetọ, na-eme ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka anwụrụ ọkụ na-abanye.

Enwekwara njikọ na El Niño. El Niño-Southern Oscillation mere ka anwụrụ ọkụ ahụ ka njọ karịa n'ogè gara aga nke mere ka ógè mmiri ozuzo nke afọ ahụ na-egbu ógè. Ọkụ na Kalimantan na-emepụta anwụrụ ọkụ buru ibu, na-ere ọkụ ogologo ógè ma sie ike ịgbanyụ n'ihi na ha dị n'ala peat, ma ozugbo ọkụ gbara, ọkụ nwèrè ike ịgba ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa ma wepụta gas na-emepụta sulphuric acid.Ghosh, Arijit. 31 October 2006. Fires leave Indonesia's neighbours fuming – Business – Business – theage.com.au, Bloomberg via The Age. Retrieved 1 November 2006.

Ọnọdụ ikuku gafee mpaghara ahụ yiri ka ọ ga-akawanye mmá na ngwụcha ọnwa Ọktọba ka nnukwu mmiri ozuzo na-eme ka ọkụ na-ere n'Indonesia.

 Mba ndị metụtara 

 Brunei 
Brunei, sultanate nwèrè onwé yá nke steeti Sarawak nke East Malaysia gbara gburugburu na Borneo, enweela mmetụta nke anwụrụ ọkụ sitere na Kalimantan. Mmiri ozuzo wetara enyemaka, n'ubochi asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, Pollutant Standards Index adaala na irí anọ na isií, nke dị n'ime "ezi". E nwèrè obere ógè nke ihu igwe doro anya n'ime izu mbụ nke Hari Raya, na-esote ógè mmiri ozuzo. Mànà anwụrụ ọkụ laghachiri na irí atọ na otu n'ọnwa  Ọktoba, na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Màkà Gburu-gburu Ébé Obibi, Ogige Ntụrụndụ na Ntụrụndaka na-edekọ PSI nke 49.Department of Environment, Parks and Recreation PSI reading . Retrieved 1 November 2006.

 Indonesia 
Ọkụ ahụ bịdoro na Kalimantan, akụkụ Indonesia nke Borneo, na Sumatra, ébé ndị ọrụ ugbo na-arụ ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-arụzi ọrụ na agroforestry iji kpochapụ ala iji kọọ osisi ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ ahịa tupu ógè uto. Foto Satellite e weghaara Borneo n'ubochi anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba kpughere ihe na-erughị 561 "ebe ọkụ" ebe a gbanyere ọkụ.

N'ihu gburu-gburu ébé obibi, ọkụ bibiri 1 km2 nké Ogige Ntụrụndụ Tesso Nilo na Riau Province. Na Tanjung Puting National Park na Central Kalimantan, anwụrụ ọkụ ahụ metụtara orangutan n'ụzọ dị njọ.

 Malaysia 
Mmetụta nke alụlụ bidoro na mbido Julaị ma metụta steeti ndị dị n'ebe ugwu Malaysia nke ukwuu.The __earthinc. Of possible return of haze 4 July 2006. Otú ọ dị, anwụrụ ọkụ ahụ ewepụla nke ukwuu na Peninsular Malaysia site n'ubochi irí abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2006 n'ihi mbata nke ógè mmiri ozuzo. Mmiri ozuzo ahụ belatara ọnụ ọgụgụ ébé ndị ọkụ na Sumatra na Malay Peninsula. N'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2006, akwụkwọ akụkọ The Star kọrọ na Kuala Lumpur agaghị enwe anwụrụ ọkụ n'ogè ụbọchị nnwere onwe. N'ime mgbede tupu etiti abalị n'ubochi irí atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2006, e dekọrọ ọhụụ na Ndagwurugwu Klang dị ezigbo mma.

 Ndepụta mmetọ ikuku 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Mpaghara azụmahịa nke Kuala Lumpur na mgbede nke 29 Septemba 2006. A naghị ahụ Menara Kuala Lumpur anya. Nkezi API maka ụbọchị ahụ dị n'etiti 70 na 80.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Na-eleba anya n'ogige ọdọ mmiri Perdana na Kuala Lumpur n'etiti ehihie nke 16 Ọktoba 2006. API na-agụ 76 na 11 AM. N'ụbọchị ihu igwe gbachapụrụ agbachapụ, a ga-ahụ ụlọ omebe iwu na ihe ncheta mba ahụ na mbara igwe.

Daily average API readings in October 2006DateGeorge TownKuala LumpurMalacca TownJohor BahruKuantanKuching1382726505393228384648461123503857825212546082916678179568931036986163661101961088013678110194157100Unavailable86368124134139789631579866887810289084778472112670134947871122764170997180134979697172801463938589808115698590132987816627811011410861176097112129110681860106901248768195710084105757020578791128696321417582109667522377976956070233480739565662441767487615325474326554232263136374941332724283443523528284952574653292639606048493028424260515131245052725378

 Singapore 
Ọ bụ ezie na anwụrụ ọkụ ahụ hapụrụ Singapore n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na ịgụ akwụkwọ irí abụọ na anọ nke Pollutant Standards Index n'ime ụbọchị "Good" maka ụbọchị iri na ise na Septemba na ndị ọzọ na "Moderate" na-adịghị elu karịa ọgụgụ nke iri isii na isii, mmetụta ya na-emerụ ahụ bịara dịkwuo n'ọnwa Ọktoba.

PSI n'ubochi irí na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba ji nwayọọ nwayọọ mụbaa site na nke dị nro n'ụtụtụ iji banye n'ime nke na-adịghị mma n'elekere anọ nke ehihie, ruo 106, tupu ọ laghachi azụ na otu narị na nke dị mma n'etiti elekere iri nke ehihie. A na-atụ ányà na ọnọdụ gbara ọchịchịrị ga-anọgide.

N'isi ụtụtụ niile n'ụbọchị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba, PSI nọgidere na 90s, tupu ha eruo 103 n'elekere asatọ nke ụtụtụ. Nke a dabara na iri asaá na anọ site na elekere asaa nke ehihie, ọ bụ ezie na PSI nọgidere na 90s n'ehihie. Ọ bụ ezie na mmiri ozuzo dara n'ébé ụfọdụ, nke a ezughị "ime ka ọnọdụ alụlụ dị mfe". NEA kwuru na égbè eluigwe ga-eme na ngwụsị izu, mana ifufe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ ga-anọgide na-achịkwa. PSI nke awa iri abụọ na anọ n'ubochi irí abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba ruru ébé na-adịghị mma na 102.

Ọtụtụ ndị Singaporean "fitness buffs" mekwara njem n'ime ụlọ. Klọb ahụike kọrọ mmụba na ntụgharị nà ntinye, na-eji ụlọ mmega ahụ karịa ihe omume n'èzí. Ndị na-arị ugwu nwekwara mmetụta, wee bido ịkwaga ihe omume n'ime ụlọ kama.

Dị ka ndị na-ahụ màkà akụ na ụba si kwuo, Singapore tara ahụhụ US $ 50 nde akụ na ụba n'ihi mmalite nke alụlụ n'afọ 2006.

 Nnyocha PSI 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Obodo Jurong East nke Singapore na-ekpuchi ihu igwe.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ogige Merlion n'ọnụ Osimiri Singapore dị ka a hụrụ site na Esplanade na ọkwa PSI na-adịghị mma.
24-hour PSI readings in October 2006DateNorthSouthEastWestCentralOverall140413834374127073716870733556254615862439513952415254953415445546566555805780711712810112211212887386711098010994952505252521059565759555911676460717071126563607166711350464354475414635758725772159289939388931689949198929817858086928492188478759279921976717381728120979896102961022175797581818122737167747374237481797780812452464558515825383333443844263129323836382729222431283128393838464246295245375250523052505053515331555148565356Avg62.762.959.368.662.669.4

 Thailand 
N'ọnwa Julaị, mpaghara ndịda Thailand nke Pattani na Satun nwèrè anwụrụ ọkụ na-aga n'ihu na-aga, na ọkwa nkè mmetọ na Satun dị elu iji bụrụ ihe ize ndụ ahụike. N'ozuzu, anwụrụ ọkụ ahụ metụtara mpaghara asaa n'ọnwa Julaị na Ọgọst.

 Nzukọ Ndị Minista ASEAN na Mmetọ Haze Transboundary 
Malaysia na Singapore katọrọ ụzọ Indonesia si emeso okwu ahụ. Ha abụọ gbàrà ndị nke ikpeazụ ume ka ha kwado nkwekọrịta ASEAN na Transboundary Haze Pollution. Minista na-ahụ màkà gburu-gburu ébé obibi na Malaysia bụ Azmi Khalid kwùrù na "Nkwụsị bụ obere okwu", nke e zigara Indonesia. E nwekwara ngagharị iwe n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Indonesia na Kuala Lumpur, nke ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara haziri. Praịm Minista Singapore Lee Hsien Loong gosipụtara mmechuihu n'ébé Indonesia nọ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbè be Azmi Khalid kwupụtara echiche ya n'ihu ọha.Channel News Asia. Singapore expresses disappointment over haze to Indonesia. 11 October 2006. N'ịzaghachi akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, Ónyé isi ala Indonesia rịọrọ mgbaghara màkà anwụrụ ọkụ mpaghara.Bloomberg. Indonesia Apologizes to Its Neighbors for Smoke Haze. 11 October 2006 Indonesia ekwuola na mbụ na ọ nweghị ihe onwunwe iji lụso ọkụ ahụ ọgụ nke ọma.

Singapore tụrụ aro mkparịta ụka mpaghara na alụlụ, nke a ga-eme na Singapore. Otú ọ dị, Indonesia rịọrọ ka e nwee mkparịta ụka dị otú ahụ na Pekan Baru, Kalimantan kama. E kwetara arịrịọ ahụ ma nwee mkparịta ụka n'ubochi irí na atọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2006. Na nzukọ ahụ, Malaysia tụrụ aro ka e guzobe ego mpaghara iji nyéré ákà lụso ọdachi gburugburu ébé obibi ọgụ.

Site na mbata nke ógè oyi nke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ọnwa Disemba, nsogbu alụlụ kwụsịrị n'ụzọ dị irè n'afọ 2006.

 Hụkwa 

 1997 Anwụrụ ọkụ nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia
 2005 Malaysian anwụrụ ọkụ
 2013 Ọkụ Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia
 2015 Ọkụ nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia
 Nkọwa nke ịdị mma nke ikuku
 Haze
 Ndepụta ụkpụrụ mmetọ
 Ọkụ na ọkụ
 Igwe ojii na-acha nchara nchara nke Eshia

 Ihe osise 

 Edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 

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  Map hotspot kachasị ọhụrụ
 National Environment Agency - online forms Nnyocha PSI ugbu a na Singapore
 Haze alert Akụkọ na Channel NewsAsia
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations