Sugar Blues

Sugar Blues bụ akwụkwọ nke William Dufty bipụtara n'afo 1975 ma ghọọ ihe oriri. Dị ka ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ si kwuo, e bipụtara ihe karịrị Otu nde na narị isiiSugar Blues, Amazon.com, accessed 23 December 2009.

Dufty na-eji ụdị akụkọ a enyochaa ihe mere eme nke shuga na akụkọ ọgwụ. Ọ na-ekwu maka ndị fụfuru, dị ka Semmelweiss, iji chetara ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ nkwụsịtụ nke sayensị ọkọlọtọ. 

Ọ na-enyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Cuba, akụkọ banyere ịgba ohu, akụkọ ifo gbasara ụtaba na ọgwụgwọ sịga iji gosipụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.

Ọnọdụ shuga, dị ka ngwaahịa nke nnụcha, atụnyere ọgwụ:

 Heroin abụghị ihe ọ bụla ma oli ma e wezụga kemịkal. Ha na-aṅụ mmiri poppy ma nụchaa ya ka ọ bụrụ opium wee meezie ya morphine n'ikpeazụ heroin. Shuga abụghị ihe ọ bụla ma e wezụga kemịkal. Ha na-aṅụ mmiri nke okpete ma ọ bụ beet wee nụchaa ya ka o mee molasses mgbe ahụ ha merecha ya shuga nchara n'ikpeazụ gaa na kristal ọcha dị iche. (peeji 22)

Ka oge na-aga, euphemism ahụ, "nke sitere n'ihe ndị dị ndụ", ka a kpọtụrụ aha dịka nke metụtara heroin na shuga. (peeji 148)

 Ọdịnaya 
Akwụkwọ ahụ nwere isi iri na anọ, ntụaka 78, peeji ise nke ihe edeturu, yana ndepụta dị ka akwụkwọ 10. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-enyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa site n'echiche nke shuga, na-ada ụda nke mmetụta ọjọọ ya na-emebi emebi. Isiakwụkwọ ndị a bụ:

 Ọ dị mkpa ịbụ nke onwe
 Gloria Swanson dọrọ Dufty aka na ntị banyere ihe ize ndụ shuga na ahụike.
 Akara nke Mkpụrụ osisi
 "Benjamin Delessert chọtara ụzọ isi kwadebe akwụkwọ ahụ na-enyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa site n'echiche nke shuga, na-ada ụda nke mmetụta ọjọọ ya na-emebi emebi. Isiakwụkwọ ndị a bụ: e beet Babilọn dị ala n'ụdị achịcha shuga ọhụrụ na Plessy na 1812. Napoleon nyere ya Legion of Honour. Napoleon nyere iwu ka a kụọ sugar beets n'ebe niile na France, e guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe maka refining, a na-enye ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ọrụ sugarbeet scholarships; e mepụtara ikikere 500 maka sugar refineries. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ sochirinụ, Napoleon emeela ihe Herculean nke ịmepụta nde pound asatọ nke shuga site na beets homegrown. Mgbe ndị agha Napoleon gawara Moscow, a kwadoro nri shuga ha. Dị ka ndị Moor bu ha ụzọ, a tụgharịrị ha mgbe ha na-aga n'ebe ugwu. Ndị agha France dị ike, n'ọnọdụ a na-amaghị ama, zutere ndị ha na ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị agha nke ndị laghachiri azụ bụ ndị na'amageghị shuga na tii ha. " (peeji 38)
 Olee otú Anyị si bịa ebe a
 "Ndị dibịa Arab na ndị Juu jiri shuga mee ihe nke ọma n'ọ̀tụ̀ dị nta, na-agbakwunye ya na ọgwụ ha nke ukwuu. Ọ bụ ụbụrụ na-eme ihe ike. Ọ nwere ike ime ka ahụ mmadụ na ụbụrụ na-agba ọsọ n'oge ọ bụla site na ike ọgwụgwụ ruo nrọ efu. " (peeji 46) Maurice Mességué duuru Dufty gafee ogige ọgwụgwọ ya. (page 569)
 Na shuga anyị tụkwasịrị obi
 A kpọtụrụ Linus Pauling na Thomas Szasz aha na egwu maka ọdịmma uche.
 Kpọọ ya ụta maka ụmụ aṅụ
 Ahụhụ ọrịa shuga na-abawanye ka ojiji shuga ji na ya na'ebe ọ dị. Nyoiti Sakurazawa chọtara ọgwụgwọ na nri ọdịnala ndị Japan, na 1971 nyocha kwadoro na iri nri nwere carbohydrates, n'ụzọ na-emegide onwe ya, meziwanyere ikike mmadụ iji belata shuga dị nro. J.D. Bunzell, R.L Lerner, W.R. Hazzard, Daniel Porte Jr., E.L. Bierman (1971) Improved Glucose Tolerance with High Carbohydrate Feeding in Mild Diabetics, The New England Journal of Medicine 284(10):521–4
 Site na Nịkọ gaa na Agịga
 Ọ na-akọwa ọrịa shuga na Men in White (ihe nkiri nke 1934) ma na'akụkọ banyere ịdabere na insulin "George".
 Nri na Eze
 Thomas Willis dọrọ aka ná ntị banyere ọrịa scurvy sitere na shuga na James Lind tụrụ aro ọgwụgwọ.
 Otu esi eme ka ịdị mfe
 Igwe Engelberg na-eme ka nri na'ụzọ na na ya site na ọka ghara ịdị mma.
 Nkịta Ndị Nwụrụ Anwụ na Ndị Bekee
 Ihe mere calorie shuga ji bụrụ calories efu.
 Ụkpụrụ nke Ịkwụwa aka ọtọ
 Harvey Wiley mehiere ịkpọ aha saccharin na Theodore Roosevelt.
 Ihe Ndị Ọkachamara Na-ekwu
 A tụlere ọnyá afọ na David Susskind Show, mana ọ bụghị echiche John Yudkin.
 Na-achọ Lucky kama Sweet?
 A na-ekwukarị na shuga dị n'ọnụ na enamel nke ezé na ọ na'azụ nje bacteria nke nwere ike ịkpata ezì ezere. Ndị na-eme nnwale egosila na shuga na'ime enamel, na - na: Mmetụta metabolic a nke shuga na nri na-egbochi nchekwa nke enamel site na inye site n'inye site ne ezé ezì, site enjin, na enamele.
 Ịkụ ọkpọ
 Nri shuga bụ ụdị iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi ma a ghaghị imeso ya dị ka ihe riri ahụ. A na-enye aro maka ma ndị mmadụ n'otu n"otu na ezinụlọ. "N'ịkụ shuga, ihe kacha baa uru m nwere ike inye gị bụ nke rụrụ ọrụ m. Kpatụ anụ na-acha ọbara ọbara n'otu oge ahụ...Anụ (nke bụ yang nwoke) na-edozi yen dị ike n'ime usoro gị ka ọ bụrụ ihe siri ike ma nwee ọdịiche ya, dịka mkpụrụ osisi na shuga. "
 Nri maka Akụ
 Dị ka ihe ngwọta maka akwụkwọ nri Fannie Farmer, Dufty nyere mmeghe maka iji tamari, salad, buckwheat, sprouting, free-range àkwá, galik, tahini, brown rice, mkpụrụ osisi kpọrọ nkụ, umeboshi, compote, root vegetables, crepes, walnuts, na chestnots.

 Ihe ndị e kwuru 
Nwunye Dufty, Gloria Swanson, gara United States iji kwalite akwụkwọ ahụ na 1975.

Nwa akwụkwọ nke izere ịda mbà n'obi gụnyere Sugar Blues dị ka otu n"ime "akwụkwọ ya nke na-ekwu maka ma ọ bụ isi maọbụ isiakwụkwọ ụfọdụ ọrụ nke ihe ndị na'ahụ maka nri na nri n-edozi ahụ na ịkwalite ọdịmma uche na mgbochi nke nsogbu...na ọrụ nri karịsịa nsogbu ... hypoglycemia (Duffy [sic] 1975).Vicky Rippere (1980) "Some historical dimensions of commonsense knowledge about depression and anti-depressive behavior", Behavioral Research and Therapy 18: 373–85, see p 383

Onye na-enyere John Lennon aka bu, Frederic Seaman kọwara nri Lennon n'akwụkwọ The Last Days of John Lennon (1991). Mgbe Seaman malitere ọrụ ahụ, akwụkwọ Duftyz buru ibu:

 N'iji obere aka mee ihe na-egosi okwu ya, ọ malitere ikwu okwu na ihe ize ndụ nke shuga ma gwa m ka m lelee akwụkwọ akpọrọ Sugar Blues at Better Nature, ụlọ ahịa nri ahụike ebe m ga-azụta ọtụtụ nri ya. O toro akwụkwọ nke Gloria Swanson es bụbu di ya William Duffy, n'ihi na ọ kpughere shuga dị ka "nsí". O kwuru na ya achọghị ka Sean bụrụ "onye na-aṅụ shuga", dị ka ọtụtụ ụmụaka America ndị ọzọ toro ka ha buru oke ibu, ndị na'afọ iri na ụma.

Otu onye nkuzi sayensị nri depụtara Sugar Blues dị ka ihe atụ iji kpalie echiche dị mkpa iji bụrụ onye sayensi nri:

 Nri ndị a kwadebere, ihe ndị aka mere, kemịkalụ dị na nri anyị, na ihe oriri ndị na-abụghị nke okike abụwo ihe a na'akwụkwọ, [e depụtara isii, gụnyere "Sugar Blues", nke William Dufty, 1975] mana o yiri ka e nwere nghọta dị nta banyere sayensị nri...A na-atụ aro ịgụ otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime isi mmalite ndị a maọbụ ụzọ ndị ọzọ iji hụ ma enwere ihe anyị nwere ike ịmụta ka anyị na'ọrụ anyị nakwa otu esi emeghachi omume na nkatọ anyị ga-enweta.

ItOtu onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ jikọtara ọnụ, Tris Trethart MD, gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na akwụkwọ ahụike Integrative Medicine ma kọwaa:Karen Burnett (2012) "The Evolution of a Practice: an interview with Tris Trethart", Integrative Medicine 11(6):44–9

 Na mbido ọzụzụ m, agụrụ m akwụkwọ akpọrọ Sugar Blues nke William Dufty dere, na ozi dị n'akwụkwọ ahụ gbanwere n"ezie site na usoro nkwenye echiche na ụkpụrụ iri nri nke ukwuu nke na ọ, n-ezie, gbanwekwara ndụ m...Ọganihu dị egwu na ahụike m gbanwere àgwà m n'ụzọ m si ebi ndụ n"oge ahụ...

Onye nyocha nyocha Heather Hendershot na ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Mark Pendergrast akatọwo akwụkwọ ahụ maka iji shuga tụnyere ọgwụ ọjọọ ma na-atụ aro ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọrịa gụnyere ọrịa bubonic.

E jirila oke ọrịa Dufty na-enye shuga mee ihe iji mee ka ebubo ahụ yie ihe na'enweghị isi:

 Sugar Blues pụtara karịa ọrụ ọ bụla ọzọ tupu ma ọ bụ kemgbe n'ihe gbasara mgbalị ya na-aga n"ihu na nke na'ụzọ na na ya iji mebie shuga: onye edemede (William Dufty) gosipụtara shuga n-eme ka mmadụ bụrụ ihe otiti. Dufty na-ekwu na sucrose na ọ na - na: na Dufty kwuru na ihe a ghọtara dị ka amoosu ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga nwere ike ịbụ n'ezie n"ihi ara nke iri shuga kpatara. Tụkwasị na nke a, Dufty mere ikpe maka shuga ịbụ ihe nwere ike ibute ọrịa bubonic...tuberculosis, igbu onwe, epilepsy, mpụ, ịgba alụkwaghịm, isi nkwọcha, impotency, varicose veins, na n'ezie kansa...Ọzọkwa, n'otu akwụkwọ a, a kọwara ụfọdụ n"ime ebubo ndị a na-ahụkarị megide shuga gụnyere nʼezie hypoglycemia... oke ọrụ, ụkọ vitamin... ibu, ọrịa obi, ire ure ezé, ọnyá, na ọrịa shuga.

 Ebe Ọzọ 

 Robert H. Lustig
 Seale Harris

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