Gay McDougall

Gay Johnson McDougall (amụrụ n'Ọgostụ 13, afọ 1947, na steeti Atlanta, Georgia) bụ onye ọka iwu Obodo America nke jirila ọrụ ya na-ekwu maka ikike mmadụ na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.  Ọ bụ ugbu a onye ọkà mmụta pụrụ iche na ụlọ ọrụ Leitner Center on International Law and Justice nke Fordham University Law School. Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Global Rights, Partners for Justice (site na Septemba afọ 1994 ruo afọ 2006). N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2005, a kpọrọ ya onye ọkachamara mbụ nke otu United Nations Independent na Minority Issues, na-eje ozi ruo n'afọ 2011.Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights website. Retrieved November 16, 2009.

 Afọ ndị mbụ 
A mụrụ Gay Johnson McDougall n'Ọgọstụ

na afọ fọ 13, 1947, nwa Louis na Inez Gay Johnson. Nna ya bụ onye na-esi nri n'ụlọ ọgwụ na nne ya bụ onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. [1] Ọ tolitere na mpaghara Dixie Hills nke Atlanta. 
 Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze nke Atlanta aafọ fọ ma na 1965 gụsịrị akwụkụlọ akwukwo wọ na Booker T. Washington High School.

 Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ iwu onwe onye 
Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara na Agnes Scott, ọ gara Bennington College na Bennington, Vermont . [1] Ọ nwetara BA ya na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Benningington, JD ya na ụlọ akwukwo Yale Law School, na LLM ya na iwu mba ụwa na London School of Economics and Politics . 

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwukwo Yale Law School, ọ sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ iwu ụlọ ọrụ New York City nke Debevoise, Plimpton, Lyons & Gates.

 Ọrụ na-abụghị uru 
McDougall bụ ugbu a onye ọkà mmụta pụrụ iche na Leitner Center on International Law and Justice, Fordham University Law School

Na nnọkọ ya nke afọ 1996, otu United Nations Commission on Human Rights họpụtara ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ afọ anọ dị ka onye otu (onye ọzọ) nke U.N. Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities of the Human Rights commission.

Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka Rapporteur pụrụ iche n'ihe gbasara ndina n'ike, ịgba ohu mmekọahụ, na omume ndị yiri ịgba ohu na agha, nke ọ gosipụtara ọmụmụ ihe na otu United Nations Sub-Commission on Human Rights nke kpọrọ maka ụkpụrụ iwu mba ụwa maka ikpebi omume nke ndina n'ime mmadụ na ịgba ohu mmekọahụ n'oge agha. Dị ka onye na-akọ akụkọ pụrụ iche, ọ gakwara obodo Sierra Leone na Kọmishọna Ukwu nke UN maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ iji nyochaa mmetụta na-ebibi ihe agha obodo ahụ nwere na ndị nkịtị.

Tupu ọ banye na Global Rights, McDougall rụrụ ọrụ dị ka otu n'ime ndị otu mba ise nke obodo South Africa's mmadụ ịrị na isii Independent Electoral Commission nke nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na-ahazi ma na-achịkwa ntuli aka mbụ na-abụghị agbụrụ. N'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke ndịda Afrịka, ọ bụ onye nduzi nke Southern African Project nke Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law site na afọ 1980 ruo mmalite afọ 1994 ma nye aka kpọmkwem maka ịgbachitere ọtụtụ puku ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na obodo South Africa na obodo Namibia site na ịkwụ ụgwọ maka ịgbachitera na isoro ndị ọka iwu rụkọọ ọrụ.

N'afọ 1989, McDougall guzobere otu Commission on Independence for Namibia, otu ndị otu abụọ nke ndị America mmadụ ịrị atọ na otu a ma ama na-enyocha n'ụzọ zuru ezu usoro nnwere onwe nke otu UN nyere iwu. Commission ahụ batara iji manye mgbanwe na iwu dị oke mkpa, dị ka ndebanye aha ndị na-eme ntụli aka na iwu ntuli aka, nke dị ka edepụtara, na-eyi ikpe ziri ezi nke usoro ntuli aka egwu.

 Nsọpụrụ 
E nyere McDougall MacArthur Foundation Fellowship na afọ 1999 maka ọrụ ya "ihe ọhụrụ na nke dị irè" maka ikike mmadụ nke mba ụwa.

McDougall natara onyinye Candace site na National Coalition of 100 Black Women na afọ 1990.

 Ọkwa ndị ọzọ 

 Kọmitii Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Maka Ikpochapụ Ịkpa Ókè Agbụrụ, onye otu
 Ndị ọkà mmụta dị elu 2002, Institute for Policy Studies
 Onye otu, Africare
 Onye otu, CARE (Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere)
 Onye otu, Global Fund for Women
 Kansụl ndụmọdụ, Ịmata Ihe Ndị Ruuru
 Executive Council, American Society of International Law
 Onye ọkà mmụta a ma ama na Residence, American University's College of Law Faculty
 Onye nkuzi nleta, Mahadum America Washington College of Law Academy on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law
 Mulligan Distinguished Visiting Professor of International Law, and Distinguished Scholar-in-Residence, Leitner Center for International Law and Justice, Fordham University School of Law
 Onye otu ụlọ ọrụ Open Society Justice Initiative nke Open Society Foundations

 Edensibia 

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Ajụjụ ọnụ na Gay McDougall na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ African Activist Archive Project
 Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Global Rights
 Institute for Policy Studies/Senior Scholars
 Mahadum America, Washington D.C. ebe nrụọrụ weebụ/McDougall bio
 Okwu African National Congress
 Leitner Center for International Law and Justice
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations