Nnyocha Fog na Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi

Fog Investigation and Dispersal Operation (FIDO) (nke a na-akpọ mgbè ụfọdụ "Fog Intense Dispersal Operation" ma ọ bụ "Fog, Intense Disparsal Of") bụ usoro eji agbasa anwụrụ ọkụ na anwụrụ ọkụ (ụgbọ anwụrụ ọkụ) site n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu ka ụgbọelu wee nwee ike ịda n'enweghị nsogbu. Ọ bụ Arthur Hartley mepụtara ngwaọrụ ahụ màkà ụlọ ọrụ bọmbụ RAF nke Britain, na-enye ohere ka ụgbọelu na-alọta site na mwakpo na Germany na-adịghị ahụ ányá site na ịgba mmanụ ọkụ n'ahịrị n'akụkụ ọ bụla nkè ụzọ ụgbọ elu.

E mepụtara usoro FIDO na ngalaba nke injinia kemịkal nke Mahadum Birmingham, United Kingdom, n'ogè Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. A na-ekwu na ọ bụ Dr John David Main-Smith, ónyé bi na Birmingham na ónyé isi sayensị nke Ngalaba Chemistry nke Royal Aircraft Establishment na Farnborough, Hampshire, mepụtara FIDO, dịka nkwanye ùgwù, ónyé isi ngalaba Dr Ramsbottom nyere ikike (595,907) dịka ọ na-eme n'ogè ahụ. A na-etinye nkwenye gọọmentị a n'akwụkwọ ozi Air Ministry na-edegara nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nwụrụ nwụrụ nwụrụ anwụ nke ónyé mepụtara ya nwụrụ anwụ ma nwa ya nwoke, Bruce Main-Smith (ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2008). Ọ na-emekwa ka ọrụ dị ala nkè ndị na-emepe ngwá ọrụ nkwado, ọkachasị FIDO burner.

"Ọ bụ ncheta m", ka Bruce Main-Smith dere, "na ọtụtụ n'ime ntinye ọdụ ụgbọ elu ahụ bụ nké mbụ na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Hartford Bridge Flats (aka Blackbushe dị nso na Yateley, Surrey [sic]) nké dị mma kilomita ole na ole site na ọdụ ụgbọelu Farnborough nke RAE". Ọ bụ ezie na J. D. Main-Smith nwèrè ikike FIDO, ọ dịghị ụgwọ ọrụ ọ bụla e nwetara site na ojiji ọ bụla nke ndị nkịtị UK mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị, ọ na-agụkarị mmanụ. Na mgbalị iji chọpụta otú e si echekwa ndụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọelu, Bruce Main-Smith na-atụ aro na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ elu puku iri na otu nwere ike ma ọ bụghị ha niile ga-adị mma ịnya ụgbọ elu ọzọ.

 Usoro ahụ 
Ngwaọrụ ahụ nwèrè paịpụ abụọ dị n'akụkụ abụọ nkè ụzọ ụgbọ elu ahụ na nkè a na-esi na mmanụ (na-abụkarị mmanụ ụgbọala sitere na mmanụ ụgbọ elu nke onwé ya) na-agbapụta ma na-apụ site na ụgbọ elu ọkụ na-ere ọkụ nke dị n'ogè dị íchè íchè n'akụkụ paịpụ. A na-eji usoro ọkụ ọkụ na-enwu anwụrụ ọkụ, na-emepụta mgbidi ọkụ. Ntinye FIDO na-echekwa mmanụ ya na tankị anọ kwụ ọtọ nkè e wuru n'akụkụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu ahụ na mgbidi brik dị ala ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-agbapụta. A na-ejikarị brik nkịtị kpuchie tankị ndị ahụ dị ka  nchebe pụọ na bọmbụ ma ọ bụ ọkụ egbe. [citation needed]

 Ule nke FIDO 
A nwalere usoro FIDO nnwale mbụ na Moody Down, Hampshire, n'ubochi anọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1942 na narị abụọ yad nke nnukwu alụlụ ka e wepụrụ ya ruo n'ịdị elu nke ụkwụ iri asatọ. A rụnyere usoro FIDO zuru oke mbụ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1943 na ụgbọelu a kọrọ na ọ bụ Air Vice Marshall D. C. T. Bennet ji nke ọma daa n'etiti ọkụ ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị n'ọnọdụ alụlụ. [citation needed]

Ụgbọ elu mbụ gàrà nke ọma n'ime alụlụ mèrè n'ubochi irí na asaa n'ọnwa Julaị 1943 mgbè Airspeed Oxford nke RAF No 35 Squadron nke Flying Officer (mgbe e mesịrị Flight Lieutenant) Edward Noel Holding (RNZAF Number 402185) mere ụzọ atọ na ọpụpụ n'ime nnukwu alụlụ na Group Captain Basil Robinson. E gburu Robinson n'ogè ịwa ahụ otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị. Holding lanarịrị agha ahụ ma nwụọ na Auckland, New Zealand, n'afọ 2008.

 Ojiji nke FIDO 
FIDO jiri nnukwu mmanụ, ihe ruru otu narị puku imperia gallons (120,000  gal; 450,000 l) kwa awa. Ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ nke ego a bụ nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu nwere ọdụ ụgbọ elu dị ogologo dịka RAF Carnaby. Nnukwu tankị nchekwa mmanụ jupụtara na mmanụ ụgbọala dị ala na ikekwe kerosene na mmanụ ndị ọzọ ejiri mgbapụta jikọọ iji nyé mmanụ a na paịpụ ụgbọ elu. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị oke egwu n'iji mmanụ ụgbọala eme , a na-eche na ngwaọrụ ahụ karịrị màkà ụgwọ ọrụ metụtara mbelata nke ụgbọelu. [citation needed]

 Ngwa 

 RAF 
Ebe e si nweta yaWilliams (1995) pp. 43, 51, 59, 69, 82, 97, 106, 123, 135, 153, 162, 168, 176, 180, 190, 214, 216–217:

 RAF Blackbushe/Hartford Bridge
 RAF Bradwell Bay
 Ebe Ọdịda Mberede RAF Carnaby
 RAF Downham Market, Norfolk
 RAF Fiskerton
 RAF Foulsham
 RAF Graveley
 RAF Ludford Magna
 RAF Manston Ebe Ọdịda Mberede
 RAF Melbourne
 RAF Metheringham
 RAF St Eval
 Sturgate RAF
 RAF Tuddenham
 RAF Woodbridge Ebe Ọdịda Mberede

 Mba ụwa 
Ebe e si nweta yaWilliams (1995) pp. 216–224:

 Épinoy - France
 Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Arcata-Eureka - California, USA
 Ebe Ụgbọelu Eareckson
 Ebe Ụgbọelu Ụgbọ Mmiri Whidbey Island, Washington, USA
 Amchitka Army Airfield - Amchitka, Aleutians

 Ihe edeturu 

 Edensibia 




 FIDO Biography of Reg Miles, RAF Flight Engineer, 432 na 420 Squadrons RCAF, Bomber Command, Justin Museum of Military History.
 A na-enye nkọwa nke FIDO na Arthur C. Clarke's only non-science-fiction novel Glide Path (1963), banyere mmepe nke Ground Controlled Approach (GCA) na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.

 Akwụkwọ 

Geoffrey Williams: FLYING THROUGH FIRE. FIDO – The Fogbuster of World War II (Grange Books, London, UK, 1996, ).

 Njikọ mpụga 

 Ugbu a, a pụrụ ịgwa ya! 'Operation Fido': Ịkụ Ọkụ Ụgbọelu, The War Illustrated, 6 Julaị 1945. thewarillustrated.info
 Onye na-atụ bọmbụ Lancaster na-eji Fido na-egosi ọkụ na-ere n'akụkụ ụzọ ụgbọ elu


 Mmeghachi omume na Fido a 1952 Akụkọ ụgbọ elu banyere ọrụ FIDO mgbe agha gasịrị

   – detailed description with long explanatory inter-titles
   – FIDO at Arcato airfield in the United States of America
   – experiments with FIDO for civilian use
  – a FIDO patent