Baale language

BaaleBalesiKacipoNative toSouth Sudan, EthiopiaRegionEthiopian–South Sudanese border, Boma Plateau in South SudanEthnicityZilmamo, KichepoNative speakers9,000 (2000–2010)(5,000 in South Sudan, 2010;4,100 in Ethiopia, 2000)Language familyNilo-Saharan?

Eastern Sudanic
 Surmic
 South
 Southwest
 BaaleDialects Kacipo
 Zilmamu
 Balesi
 Olam (Ngaalam)Language codesISO 639-3koeGlottologbaal1234ELPBaale
Asụsụ Baale, Baleesi ma ọ bụ Asụsụ Baalesi bụ asụsụ Surmic nke ndị Baale ma ọ bụkwa Zilmamo nke Etiopia, maọbu ndị Kachepo nke South Sudan na-asụ.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033. Ọ bụ onye otu Surmic cluster; aha onwe onye nke asụsụ na obodo bụ Suri, nke bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka nke asụsụ Suri, na-eme ka aha agbụrụ nke na-anabata obodo Tirma, Chai (ma ọ bụ T'id), na Baale, ọ bụ ezie na asụsụ nke obodo ndị a dị iche.Möller, Mirjam. 2009. Vowel Harmony in Bale - A Study of ATR Harmony in a Surmic Language of Ethiopia. BA thesis. University of Stockholm. Online access E nwere ndị na-asụ Baleesi 9,000 ugbu a, 5,000 na South Sudan na 4,100 na Ethiopia; ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ha niile na-asụrụ otu asụsụ.

Yigezu (2005) na-ekwu na ọ bụ ezie na asụsụ Baale bụ Southwest Surmic, ọ na-ewere ọtụtụ atụmatụ nke asụsụ Southeast Surmic n'ihi njikọ siri ike.Yigezu, Moges. 2005. “Convergence of Baale: A Southwest Surmic Language to the Southeast Surmic group, lexical evidence.” APAL (Annual Publication in African Linguistics) 3: 49-66.

 Ihe ọmụma n'ozuzu 
Ndi nọ ná obodo na-asu Baale,Enwekwaziri ike ịkpọ Baleesi Baalesi, Baale, Bale, Baaye, Dok, Kacipo-Balesi, Kachepo, Silmamo, Tsilmano, Zelmamu, Zilmamu na Zulmamu.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033.

 "Ndị Baale na-akpọ asụsụ ha Baalesi. A na-akpọkwa ha Zilmamo, nke bụ aha mba ha, nke dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na ndịda obodo Jeba, n'akụkụ ókèala ya na Sudan. Ndị Gimira na-akpọ ndị Baale na asụsụ ha Baaye, ebe ndị Anywak na-akpọ ha Dok. Ndị Baale na-akpọ ndị Dizi agbata obi Saara, a na-akpọkwa ndị Amhara Goola. A na-asụkwa Baale gafee ókèala na Sudan, n'ógbè a maara dị ka Kachepo, nke bụ aha ndị agbata obi Toposa, Juje, na Murle ji mee ihe maka ndị Baale na mba ha.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033.

Enweghị asụsụ Baleesi a maara, mana ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ìgwè Didinga-Murle, nke nwere Didinga, Tennet, na Larim na Sudan, na Murle na Sudan na Ethiopia.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033. Ọ na-ekerịta 40%-54% okwu yiri Murle na 35% okwu yiri Mursi.

A na-asụ ya n'obodo Rumeat, Upper Boma, na Mewun, Pibor County, Boma State, nke dị nso n'ókè Etiopia.Baale at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) A na-asụkwa ya n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke East Equatoria State.

Usoro ịgụta Baleesi dabere na iri abụọ ma jiri otu usoro quinary dị ka ìgwè Didinga-Murle. Okwu maka "1,000" pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "ọtụtụ," na ihe niile karịrị 100 ka a na-akpọ "ọtụtụ".

Ọ bụ ezie na ndị Tirma, Chai, na Baale mejupụtara otu agbụrụ a na-akpọ Suri, na-ekerịta usoro afọ, ememe nkịtị, na ọdịbendị ihe onwunwe, asụsụ ha nwere njikọ dị anya.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033.

Enweghị usoro ederede a maara maka Baleesi ma a na-ewere ya dị ka asụsụ a na-edeghị ede. A na-ekewa ọnọdụ asụsụ dị ka nke siri ike, nke pụtara na ọ bụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị ma na-eji ya eme ihe n'afọ niile. Otú ọ dị, a ka nwere ike iwere ya dị ka asụsụ dị n'ihe ize ndụ n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ ala dị.

 Ndị ọkà okwu 
Ndị Baale nwere àgwà dị mma n'ebe asụsụ ha nọ, ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ndụ ma e wezụga ahịa. Ụfọdụ ndị Baale nwere ike ịsụ Tirma ma ọ bụ Chai tinyere Baleesi, ole na ole na-asụkwa Dizi ma ọ bụ Amharic.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033.

Ndị na-asụ Baleesi gụnyere ndị na-abụghị ụmụ amaala. N'obodo Jeba, e nwere ndị Dizi na-asụ Baleesi dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ, ma na-arụkarị ọrụ dị ka ndị ogbugbo n'etiti ndị ahịa mpaghara ma ọ bụ mpaghara na ndị Baale mgbe ha bịara ahịa.Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2002. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report on Tirma, Chai, Baale, and Mursi" SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-033.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ mbụ na nke abụọ dị n'okpuru 1%.

 Omenala 
Ndị Baale na ndị Suri ibe ha na-ekerịta ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ọdịbendị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, omume a na-emekarị n'etiti agbụrụ ndị Surma (gụnyere Baale), bụ itinye efere ụrọ n'ime ọnụ ala nke ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwanyị.Video depicting Surma women wearing lip plates
Omenala ọzọ ndị Suri na-ekere òkè na ya bụ nke a na-akpọ Donga, nke na-agụnye ndị mmeri nke otu si n'ezinụlọ na obodo dị iche iche na-alụ ọgụ abụọ na abụọ na-eji ogologo osisi. A na-eji emume ahụ eme ihe dị ka ụzọ isi dozie esemokwu na onye ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ọkwa dị elu.Video depicting the Donga stick fighting festival
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations