Nilotic languages

NiloticGeographicdistributionSouthwestern Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sudan, northeastern Congo (DRC), northern/eastern Uganda, western/southern Kenya and northern TanzaniaLinguistic classificationNilo-Saharan?

 Eastern Sudanic
 NiloticSubdivisions Eastern Nilotic
 Southern Nilotic
 Western NiloticGlottolognilo1247300x300pxRegion where Nilotic languages are spoken
Asụsụ Nilotic bụ otu asụsụ emetụtara a na-asụ n'ofe mpaghara n'etiti South Sudan na Tanzania.

 Okwu mmalite 
Okwu Nilotic pụtara ma ọ bụ metụtara osimiri Naịl ma ọ bụ mpaghara Naịl nke Africa.

 Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 
Ndị Nilotic, ndị bụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ndị ahụ, si na Gezira dị na Sudan kwaga na mbụ. Ndị na-asụ asụsụ Nilotic na-ebi na akụkụ nke Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, South Sudan, Tanzania na Uganda.

 Nkewa dị iche iche 
Dị ka ọkà mmụta asụsụ Joseph Greenberg si kwuo, e kewara ezinụlọ asụsụ ụzọ atọ:

 Asụsụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Nile dị ka Turkana na Maasai
 Asụsụ Southern Nilotic dị ka Kalenjin na Datooga
 Asụsụ Western Nilotic dị ka Luo, Nuer na Dinka

Tupu Greenberg akọwagharịa, Nilotic na-ezo aka na Western Nilotic naanị, ebe a na-achịkọta abụọ ndị ọzọ dịka asụsụ "Nilo-Hamitic" metụtara.

Blench (2012) na-ele asụsụ Burun anya dị ka obere obere Nilotic nke anọ. Na nhazi ọkwa ndị gara aga, etinyere asụsụ ndị ahụ n'ime asụsụ Luo. Starostin (2015) na-ewere asụsụ Mabaan-Burun dị ka "West Nilotic" mana na-abụghị ọkwa Luo.

 Ihe owuwu ahụ 
IIhe karịrị 200 Proto-Nilotic mgbọrọgwụ lexical ka Dimmendaal (1988) wughachiri ya. Dimmendaal na-ewughachi consonants proto Nilotic dị ka ndị a
ỌnụEzé ezéAlveolarPalatalVelarUvularPlosiveenweghị olukwuru okwuIhe na-esiri ikeImplosiveỤgbọ imiIhe na-atọ ụtọAkụkụIhe atụ
Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla:
ClassificationLanguage12345678910Eastern, BariBariɡɛ́lɛ̀ŋmʊ̀rɛ́kmʊ̀sálàɪ́ŋwànmʊ̀kánàtbúkɛ̀rbúryòbúdö̀kbʊ́ŋwànpúwö̀kEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, LotuxoLopitF/ M  nàbóìtóì / lòbóìtóìlòhórìk, ariklòhúnìklóŋwánmìyét   (litː < 'hand')ilehatarik   (5 + 2)hotohunɪk (5 + 3)hotoŋwan (5 + 4)tomonEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, LotuxoLotuho (Lotuxo) (1)ábótèáréhèhúníheáŋwànmìyyàt   (litː < 'hand')ɪ́llehàtmɪk   (5 + 2)hùtohunɪk (5 + 3)hùtoŋwan (5 + 4)tòmmònEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, LotuxoLotuho (Lotuxo) (2)ʌ̀bóíté / âbotyeʌ̀ríxèy / árrexaixúnixòì / xunixoiaŋwânmíèt   < 'hand'ɪ́llɛ́xáttàrɪ̀k  (5 + 2)xóttóxúnìk (5 + 3)xɔ́ttɔ́ŋwàn (5 + 4)tɔ́mɔ̀nEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, Ongamo-MaaMaasainabô (fem), obô (masc), nebô (place)aré (fem), aàre/ɔáre (masc)uní (fem), okúni (masc)oŋwán (fem), oóŋwan (masc)ímíêtílɛ̂ / íllɛ̂naápishana (f.), oópishana (m.)ísíêt  < Kalenjinnaáudo (fem), oódó (masc)tɔ́mɔ̂n  < KalenjinEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Lotuxo-Maa, Ongamo-MaaSamburunaɓô (fem), oɓô (masc), noɓô (place)aré (fem), waáre (masc)uní (fem), okúni (masc)onɠwán (fem), oónɠwan (masc)ímɟêt / ímʄêtílêsápâísɟêt / ísʄêt  < Kalenjinsâːltômôn  < KalenjinEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TesoTeso (Ateso) (1)ìdʸòpétìɑɾèíwúnííwóŋóníkɑ̀ɲíkɑ̀ɲɑ̂pè      (5 + 1)íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂ɾè       (5 + 2)íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂wùní  (5 + 3)íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂wòŋòn (5 + 4)ítòmònEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TesoTeso (Ateso) (2) -diope -árèy -(w)únì -oŋôn -kaɲ   < 'hand'kaɲ kape (5 + 1)kaɲ karey (5 + 2)kaɲ kauni (5 + 3)kaɲ kaoŋon (5 + 4)tɔ́mɔ̀nEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TurkanaKaramojong (Dodotho) (1)ɲípéíŋíááréíŋúúníŋóómwánŋííkan    (< hand)ŋíkan ka péí     (5 + 1)ŋíkan ka áréí    (5 + 2)ŋíkan ka úní     (5 + 3)ŋíkan ko ómwán  (5 + 4)ŋítomónEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TurkanaKaramojong (2)ɛpeiŋiareiŋiuniŋiomwɔnŋikan  < handŋíkàn kà-pei (5 + 1)ŋíkàn kà-arei (5 + 2)ŋíkàn kà-uni (5 + 3)ŋíkàn kà-omwɔn (5 + 4)ŋítɔ̀mɔ́nEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TurkanaNyangatoma-péy  ̀ŋa-áréy  ̀ŋa-uní  ̀ŋa-omwɔn ̀ŋa-kànɪ   (litː hand)ŋa-kanɪ̀ ka-pey   (5 + 1)ŋa-kanɪ̀ ka-arey   (5 + 2)ŋa-kanɪ ka-uni    (5 + 3)ŋa-kanɪ ka-omwɔn (5 + 4)ŋa-tɔ̀mɔnEastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TurkanaToposapéìáréìʊ́nìɔ́ŋwɔ́nkànì̥  < handkànì̥ kà-péì (5 + 1)kànì̥ kà-àréì (5 + 2)kànì̥ kà-ʊ́ní (5 + 3)kànì̥ kà-ɔ́ŋwɔ́n (5 + 4)tɔ̀mɔ́ní̥Eastern, Lotuxo-Teso, Teso-Turkana, TurkanaTurkanaa-péy  ̀ŋa-áréy  ̀ŋa-úní  ̀ŋa-ómwɔ̀n ̀ŋa-kànɪ̥  < handŋa-kanɪ ka-péy (5 + 1)ŋa-kanɪ ka-áréy (5 + 2)ŋa-kanɪ ka-úní (5 + 3)ŋa-kanɪ ka-ómwɔ̀n (5 + 4)ŋa-tɔ̀mɔnSouthern, Kalenjin, ElgonKupsabiny (Sebei)aɡeenɡe [akɛ́ːŋkɛ]äyëëny [ɑréːɲ]sömök [sómok]anɡʼwan [aŋwán]müüt [múːt]müüt äk aɡeenɡe [múːt ɑk akɛ́ːŋkɛ]müüt äk äyëëny (5 + 2)müüt äk sömök (5 + 3)müüt äk anɡʼwan (5 + 4)taman [támán]Southern, Kalenjin, ElgonSabaot (Koony dialect)akeenke [ aɡɛ́ːŋɡɛ]āyēēnɡʼ [ɑyéːŋ]sōmōk [sómok]anɡʼwan [aŋwán]mūūt / muut [múːt]lo [lɑ]tisab [tɪ́sap]sisiit [sɪsɪ́ːt]sokool [sɑ́kɑːl]taman [támán]Southern, Kalenjin, Nandi-Markweta, MarkwetaCherang'anyàkɛ́ɛ́ŋkɛ̀ʌ́yíínsómòkáŋwaanmúútlɔ̀tɪsápsìsítsʌ́ɡʌ́ltámánSouthern, Kalenjin, Nandi-Markweta, MarkwetaEndo (Marakwet)ɒ́kɔ́ːŋɔərèːɲsómókɒ́ŋwɒ̀nmùːtlɔ́tɪ́sɔ́psisíːtsɔkɔ̀ːltɒmɒnSouthern, Kalenjin, Nandi-Markweta, NandiKeiyoàkɛ́ŋɡɛ̂ / àɛ́ŋɡɛ̂aɛ́ːŋ /aɛ́ːɲsɔ̀mɔ̂kàŋwànmʊ́ːtlɔ̂tɪ̀sâpsɪ̀sɪ́ːtsɔ́kɔ́ːltámánSouthern, Kalenjin, Nandi-Markweta, NandiTugenàɣééɲɡéàééɲsómókàɲwánmúútlótísápsìsíítsóɣóòltàmánSouthern, Kalenjin, OkiekAkie (Okiek)akɛɛnkɛayensomokaŋwànmʊ́ʊ́tílɛnápíʃanaísíêtnáúdotamanSouthern, Kalenjin, PokotPökoot (Suk)àkɔ́ɔ́ŋkɔ̀oɣë̀ë̀ŋ / òdë̀ë̀ŋsä́mä́kàŋwânmúutmúut ŋɡɔ́ àkɔ́ɔ́ŋɔ̀ (5 + 1)múut ŋɡɔ́ òdë̀ë̀ŋ (5 + 2)múut ŋɡɔ́ sä́mä́k (5 + 3)múut ŋɡɔ́ àŋwân (5 + 4)támànSouthern, TatogaAsimjeeg Datooga (1)àkàlɛːlɛ̀ː / ák / (àqàlɛːlɛ̀ː)íjèɲsàmòɡwàŋwànmùːtláísːpòsìsʃàɡàʃdàmànSouthern, TatogaDatooga (2)ɑ̀ɡiíiyèeɲɑsɑ́mɑ̀ɡuɑ́ŋwɑ́nmʊ̀ʊtlɑ́íispɑ̀sísʃɑ́ɡɛ̀ɛʃdɑ̀mɑ́nɑ́mʊ́qʊ̀ʊʃSouthern, TatogaDatooga (3)ʔàɡiíyèeɲasàmàɡuʔàŋwànmùuti ~ bánàakta mùutilàhìsbà ~ isbwàsìss ~ sìsʃàɡèeʃʃ ~ ʃàɡèeʃdàmáná múqùuʃWestern, Dinka-Nuer, DinkaDinka Agaarʈɔ́krɔ́ʷdʲákŋʊ̀ʷânðíɟðɛ̀ʈemðɜ̀rʊ́ʷbɛ̀ʈðɔ̀ŋʊ́ʷànt̪íʲàːrWestern, Dinka-Nuer, DinkaDinka Padangtò̤kròwdyá̤kŋwánd̪yì̤cd̪ètémd̪ɔ̀rɔ́wbɛ̤́td̪ɔ̀ŋwánt̪yɛ́ɛ̀rWestern, Dinka-Nuer, NuerNuer (1)kɛ̀ːlrɜ̀ʷdɪʲɔ̂kŋʊ́ʷǎnðɪ́ʲɛ̀ɟbakɛ̀l   (5 + 1)bàraʷ   (5 + 2)bɛ̀dak  (5 + 3)bɜ̀ŋʊ́ʷǎn (5 + 4)wɜ́ːlWestern, Dinka-Nuer, NuerNuer (2)kɛ́ɛ̀lrɛ̌wdyɔ̌kŋwánd̪yè̤cbʌ̤́kɛ̀l   (5 + 1)bʌ̤rɔ̀w  (5 + 2)bʌ̤̀dá̤k  (5 + 3)bʌ̤́ŋwàn (5 + 4)wá̤lWestern, Luo, Northern, AnuakAnuak(Anyua) (1)àcíɛ̀làríyɔ̀àdʌ́kàŋwɛ́ɛ́nàbícàbícìɛ̀l  (5+ 1)àbíríyɔ̀  (5+ 2)àbárà    (5+ 3)àbíŋwɛ̀ɛ̀n (5+ 4)àpárWestern, Luo, Northern, AnuakAnuak (2)aciel /  acíɛ̀lariio̤ / aríɪàwada̤k / adʌ́ɡaŋween / aŋwɛ́ɛnabi̤i̤c / abíiɟabi̤ciel / abícíɛ̀l  (5+ 1)abi̤riio̤ /abíríɪàw  (5+ 2)aba̤ra / abʌ́rʌ́  (5+ 3)abi̤ŋween  / abíŋwɛ̀ɛn (5+ 4)apaar  / apáarWestern, Luo, Northern, BorBelanda Borákɛɛ̂larɛ̂wàdéɡàŋwɛ́nàbícàbíc kúkɛ́l (5+ 1)àbíc kúrɛ̂w (5+ 2)àbíc kùdēēk (5+ 3)àbíc kúŋwɛ̂n (5+ 4)áfaàrWestern, Luo, Northern, JurLuwoáciɛ̄lɔ́á̟riɔ̄wá̟dá̟ɡáŋwɛ̄ːnàbī̟ːjábíciɛ̄l  (5 + 1)ábɛ́riɔ̄w (5 + 2)á̟bɛ̟́dā̟ɡ  (5 + 3)ábɛ́ŋwɛ̄ːn (5 + 4)āpāːrWestern, Luo, Northern, Mabaan-Burun, BurunBurun (Mayak)kɛɛl / kɛ̀ɛlrɛɛ / rɛ̄ɖʌk /ɖʌ̄kŋan / ŋānd̪oc / dōocɖowk /ɖɔ́ùkŋat̪ukɛl  / ŋàtúkɛ́lŋunu / ŋɔ̀nʊ́ɟucukɛl / ɲùcúkɛ́lcaac / cáacWestern, Luo, Northern, Mabaan-Burun, MabaanMabaancyɛ́ɛlɔ̀yɛ́ɛwɔ̀ɗɔ́ɔ́ɡɔ́ŋáánɔ̀d̪ɔ́ɔ́yɔ̀d̪ɔ́ɔ́yɔ̀ wílin nè cyɛ́ɛlɔ̀ (5 + 1)d̪ɔ́ɔ́yɔ̀ wítkɛ̀n nè yɛ́ɛwɔ̀ (5 + 2)d̪ɔ́ɔ́yɔ̀ wítkɛ̀n nè ɗɔ́ɔ́ɡɔ́  (5 + 3)d̪ɔ́ɔ́yɔ̀ wítkɛ̀n nè ŋáánɔ̀  (5 + 4)ínyáákkɛ̀n  (lit: both hands)Western, Luo, Northern, ShillukShillukàkjɛ̀láɾjɛ̀wádə̀káŋwɛ̀nábîcábîkjɛ̀l  (5 + 1)abìɾjɛ̀w  (5 + 2)àbîdèk   (5 + 3)ábîŋwɛ̀n (5 + 4)pjáárWestern, Luo, Northern, ThuriThuriácîelaríòwádeèkàŋwɛɛ̀nàbíícabícbícèl (5+ 1)àbícbə́riə́ɔ̀w (5+ 2)àbícbídèk  (5+ 3)àbíc bə́ŋwɛ́ɛn  (5+ 4)ápaàrWestern, Luo, Northern, UnclassifiedPäri (Lokoro) (1)ácɛ̀lɔ́árìyɔ́ádòɡóáŋwɛ̀nɔ́ábìd͡ʒɔ́àbícɛ̀lɔ́    (5+ 1)àbírìyɔ́    (5+ 2)ábʌ̄rà      (5+ 3)ábúŋwɛ̀nɔ́ (5+ 4)ápàrWestern, Luo, Northern, UnclassifiedPäri (Lokoro) (2)acyelo, tookaryo, ireekadöɡo, ɡalaaŋwenoabijo, kunatabicyelo (5+ 1), bukelabiryo (5+ 2), buryoabidö̈ɡo, aböra (5+ 3), bodökabuŋweno (5+ 4), buŋwanaparWestern, Luo, Southern, AdholaAdhola (1)ɑ́cêrɑ́rîoɑ́dêːkɑ́ŋʷênɑ́bîːcɑ̀ᵘcèr    (5+ 1)ɑ̀bírîo   (5+ 2)ɑ́bôːrò  (5+ 3)ɑ̀búŋʷèn (5+ 4)ɑ́pɑ̂ːrWestern, Luo, Southern, AdholaAdhola (2)àcíɛlàríóàdeékàŋwɛɛ̂nàbîcàwúciɛ̄l  (5+ 1)àbíirò  (5+ 2)àbɔ́ɔ̀rò  (5+ 3)àbúŋwɛ́n  (5+ 4)ápāarWestern, Luo, Southern, KumanKumamɑ̀cɛ́lɑ̀réɑ̀dēkòŋwɔ́nkɑ̄ɲkɑ́ɲ ɑ̀pé  (5 + 1)kɑ̄ɲ ɑ̀ré   (5 + 2)kɑ̄ɲ ɑ̀wūní (5 + 3)kɑ̄ɲ ɑ̀ŋɔ́n (5 + 4)tɔ̄mɔ́nWestern, Luo, Southern, Luo-Acholi, Alur-Acholi, AlurAluràcìɛ̄làríɔ̀àdékàŋùénàbîcàbúcìɛ̀l  (5+ 1)àbírɔ́  (5+ 2)àboônà  (5+ 3)àbúŋwɛ̄ɛ̄n  (5+ 4)àpáàrWestern, Luo, Southern, Luo-Acholi, Alur-Acholi, Lango-AcholiAcholi (Labwor)àcíèlàríòàdékàŋwɛ̂nàbîcàbícíèl  (5+ 1)àbíìrɔ́  (5+ 2)àboôrà  (5+ 3)àbúŋwɛ́n  (5+ 4)àpáàrWestern, Luo, Southern, Luo-Acholi, Alur-Acholi, Lango-AcholiLangoàcɛ̂làryɔ̂àdêkàŋwɛ̂nàbîcàbícɛ̀l (5 + 1)àbíryɔ̀  (5 + 2)àbórò (5 + 3)  ??àbóŋwɛ̀n (5 + 4)àpârWestern, Luo, Southern, Luo-Acholi, LuoDholuoàcìɛ̄làríɔ̀àdékàŋùénàbîcàúcìɛ̀l  (5+ 1)àbíríɔ̀   (5+ 2)àborôɔ́cíkɔ̀àpáàr

 Ndị Naịlọs
 Asụsụ ndị na-adịghị ekwu okwu
 Asụsụ Nile na Sahara
 Asụsụ ndị Kirā-Abbaian
 Nrụzigharị Proto-Nilotic (Wiktionary)

 Starostin, George. 2017. On the issue of areal-genetic entanglement in the basic lexicon: the fate of ʽmoonʼ in the Macro-Sudanic region. 12th Annual Sergei Starostin Memorial Conference on Comparative-Historical Linguistics (RSUH, March 23-24, 2017).