Christian Lattier

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Christian Lattier (1925–1978) bụ onye Ivory Coast na-akpụ ihe nke amụrụ na Grand Lahou, Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast).

 Akụkọ ndụ 
Christian Lattier bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe a ma ama si Côte d'Ivoire, ọ bụkwa onye na-ese ihe n'etiti senchiri nke iri abụọ. N'oge ọ dị obere, Lattier gụrụ akwụkwọ na Catholic Mission na Abidjan na Côte d'Ivoire. "Onye na-akpụ ihe n'eyighị ihe ọ bụla n'aka," dị ka ụfọdụ na-akpọ ya, si Ivory Coast kwaga France na 1935 maka ebumnuche agụmakwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, ọ gara Marist Brotherhood nke Saint-Chamond na Loire, ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik nke Marcellin Champagnat hiwere.

Na 1945 Ọ malitere ọmụmụ ya na Écoles des Beaux-Arts (School of Fine Arts), Saint-Étienne, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu. N'oge ọ nọ na Saint-Étienne, ọ mụrụ ihe n'okpuru Henri Barthelemy, onye ọkachamara na-akpụ ihe, na Joachim Durand, onye na-emepụta ihe nlereanya.

N'afọ 1947, ọ gafere na École des Beaux-Arts de Paris ebe ọ gụrụ gbasara ọkpụkpụ ihe na ise ụkpụrụ ụlọ n'okpuru ọtụtụ ndị ama ama nke ihe ọkpụkpụ, ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ịkpụ osisi. Ọ pụtara na nraranye na-enweghị atụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ nke oge a, na-anwale ụdị ọhụrụ na ihe ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe. N'oge na-adịghị anya, a nabatara ya maka ikike nka ya na ụdị ọrụ ya dị iche iche. Ọ hapụrụ École des Beaux-Arts de Paris na 1956 ma nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ na-eme ngosi ihe tupu ọ laghachi Côte d'Ivoire mgbe ọ nweere onwe ya n'aka France na 1960.

Ọ laghachiri na Côte d'Ivoire n'ihe dị ka 1961-62 iji kụzie dị ka prọfesọ maka nka ihe ọkpụkpụ na École Nationale des Beaux-Arts na Abidjan. Ọ nọrọ afọ ndị fọdụrụnụ n'ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na mberede na 1978.

 Mmetụta na mmetụta 
Ụdị ihe ọhụrụ nke Christian Lattier bụ isi ihe na mmepe nke modernism na ihe ọkpụkpụ na Côte d'Ivoire na France. N'ihi na France na-achị Côte d'Ivoire site na 1893-1960, omenala dị ọtụtụ narị afọ na omenala Europe na West Africa metụtara ya. O sitere na mkpali nke ihe nkpuchi ndị Afrịka ma jiri eriri, waya na ụcha na-acha ọbara ọbara na ihe ọkpụkpụ ya. N'oge ndụ ya niile, o mepụtara ihe karịrị atụmatụ pụkụ atọ, na-edebe ihe kachasị mma ya ma na-ebibi ndị ọzọ. Lattier bụ onye pụrụ iche mgbe ọ bịara n'ihe ọkpụkpụ ya; ọ na-ebibi ọrụ ya ma malite ọzọ ọtụtụ oge ruo mgbe ọ ruru ogo ọ chọrọ. Lattier jiri oge ya niile na-arụ ọrụ ma na-eme nchọpụta iji meziwanye ọrụ ya. A maara ọdịdị ya na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma mee ka ndị gbara ya gburugburu nwee mmetụta. 

Akụkụ iri na itoolu nke ihe ọkpụkpụ Christian Lattier dị ugbu a na nchịkọta nke Musée National de Côte d'Ivoire na Abidjan. 

 Isiokwu na ụdị 
Ụdị Christian Lattierī bụ iji usoro ọdịnala ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka nke ịkpa ihe nkpuchi gburugburu etiti waya ma ọ bụ kee ya na echiche ndị sitere na nka na akụkọ ọdịbendị Europe. Lattier na-eji nkume, waya, osisi, na eriri hemp siri ike arụ ọrụ

Lattier bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ na ihe ọkpụkpụ nke oge a na Côte d'Ivoire na France. Ụdị ya a na-ahụtụbeghị mbụ mepụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ, nke mesịrị wetara ya ọtụtụ onyinye na ihe ịga nke ọma.

 Ịgagharị 
Ọ bụ akụkụ nke The Short Century nke bụ ihe ngosi banyere nnwere onwe na nnwere onwe n'Africa n'etiti 1945-1994 nke gara Munich, Berlin, Chicago, na New York site na Mee 18, 2001 ruo Julaị 29, 2001.

 Ọrụ ndị a ma ama 

 1954: Lattier's Le Panthere (The panther), meriri Chevanard Prix na "World Festival of Black Arts" na Dakar, ebe ọ malitere iji eriri, mgbe ọ na-abụkarị, ndị na-achọ ịbata na-enye naanị plasterboard.
 1957: Lattier na onye na-ese ihe Roland Guillaumel na Georges Fabre rụkọtara ọrụ na ịchọ mma mpụga nke Abidjan Town Hall.
 1962: Otu n'ime ọrụ ya a ma ama bụ ihe oyiyi a na-akpọ The Chicken Thief ma ọ bụ Victory of Samothrace . E ji eriri na waya mee ya ma ọ dị ihe dị ka mita ano n'ịdị elu.
 1969: Lattier mepụtara nnukwu mgbidi e ji eriri mee nke egosiri n'ụlọ nzukọ nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu nke Abidjan nke akpọrọ The three ages of Ivory Coast, yana ígwè na ihe a kpụrụ akpụ akpọrọ Ivory Coast n'afọ 2000, na The Aviation, n'otu n'otu.
 1970: Lattier sonyere n'ịchọ ụlọ nke Price Stabilization Fund na Abidjan mma.
 1975, Lattier mepụtara Mask, nke dọtara uche n'ihi ojiji o ji usoro ọdịnala nke na-ezo aka na ọdịnala West Africa.

 Ihe ngosi 

 1958: Sorbonne, Paris, France
 1959: 1st Biennale de Paris, na Musée d'Art Moderne nke obodo Paris, France
 1961: Salon de Comparison, Paris, France.
 1963: Ihe ngosi na Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo nke Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
 1965: Ihe ngosi nke abụọ na Côte d'Ivoire
 1966: Ememme Black Arts, Dakar, Senegal
 1969: Ememme Algier, Algeria
 1967: Universal Fair, Montreal, Canada
 1975: Centre Culturel Français, Abidjan, Elfenbeinküste. Ihe ngosi nke atọ na Côte d'Ivoire
 2001-02: "The Short Century. Independence and Liberation Movements in Africa 1945-94" nke Okwui Enwezor haziri maka Villa Stuck na Munich, gosipụtara na Berlin, Chicago na New York
 2004: "Dak'Art" 6th Edition nke Dakar Biennial na Senegal
 2007-08: "Black Paris - Black Brussels", nke: Kerstin Pinther, Sigrid Horsch-Albert na Hanna Kiefer haziri, nke emere na Bayreuth n'etiti 26 Ọktoba 2006-11 Febụwarị 2007, na Frankfurt am Main n'etiti 13 Machị 2007- 4 Nọvemba 2007 na Brussels, Musée d'Ixelles n'etiti 27 Febụwarụ - 27. Epr. 2008

 Onyinye 

 1953: Ihe nrite mbụ nke Cathedrales de France n'oge ọ bi na France
 1954: Ihe nrite mbụ nke Chenavard maka ọrụ ya Le Panthere
 1954: "Grand Prix" na 1st World Festival of Black Arts
 1960: "Premier Prix maka ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Asnières na ihe nrite ọla edo nke obodo Tavery"
 1966: "World Grand Prix of Negro Arts"
 1976: N'abalị nke Order of the Republic of the Ivory Coast

 Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ 

 Bassori, TIMITE. "In Memoriam : Christian Lattier, Artiste Sculpteur Ivoirien." Présence Africaine, no. 107 (1978): 267-70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24350214
Brockman, Norbert C. "LATTIER, Christian." In An African Biographical Dictionary, 2nd ed. Grey House Publishing, 2006. https://search-credoreference-com.ezproxy.lib.uh.edu/content/entry/ghabd/lattier_christian/0
"Christian LATTIER." Abidjan. Weblogy Group Ltd. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <https://web.archive.org/web/20101204164613/http://www.abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=679>.
 Clewing, Ulrich. "Nike of Samothrace Is the Chicken Thief." Culture Base. Culture Base, 2 July 2003. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. <https://web.archive.org/web/20100612235826/http://culturebase.net/artist.php?918>.
Ravenhill, Philip L. "Côte d’Ivoire, République de." Grove Art Online. 2003; Accessed 21 Oct. 2019. https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000019806
Vincent, Cédric. "Tendencies and Confrontations: Dakar 1966," Afterall: A Journal of Art, Context and Enquiry, no. 43 (Spring/Summer 2017): 88-101. 
Visonà, Monica Blackmun. "Redefining Twentieth Century African Art: The View from the Lagoons of Côte d'Ivoire." African Arts 38, no. 4 (Winter, 2005): 54-61,93-94. .
 Yacouba Konate, Christian Lattier, Le sculpteur aux mains nues, Edition Sépia, 1993. ISBN: 2-907888-23-4

 Hụkwa 

 Ihe osise Africa nke Oge A
 Omenala nke Ivory Coast

 Ebensidee 

 Isiokwu banyere Lattier nke Ulrich Clewing dere
 Ihe edeturu na Lattier na Canadian Heritage Information Network
 Nkwupụta mgbasa ozi nke "The Short Century. Nnwere onwe na nnwere onwe Movements na Africa 1945-94" site na Haus der Kulturen der Welt, May 2001