Alice Taylor Gafford

Alice Taylor Gafford (ubochí irí na isé n'ọnwa Ọgọst, 1886 rụo ubochí irí abụọ na asaá n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 1981) bụ ónyé nọọsụ America, onye nkuzi, na ónyé na-ese ihe, nke bi na Los Angeles.

 Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Alice Taylor na Tecumseh, Kansas, otu n'ime ụmụ iri.  Nné na nnà ya bụ Benjamin na Alice Armstead Taylor.

 Ọrụ 
Gafford bụ onye nọọsụ afọ iri abụọ na ise tupu ọ malite ọrụ nka.  Ihe a ma ama site na ọrụ mbụ ya bụ oge ọ rụrụ na American Red Cross na Alaska (1915), ma soro Daniel Hale Williams rụọ ọrụ na Chicago."Artist Receives Accolades for her Many Achievements," Los Angeles Sentinel (September 5, 1974): C2.

Ọ kwagara Los Angeles na 1922.  Ọ zụrụ na Otis Art Institute (nke a na-akpọzi Otis College of Art and Design) wee nweta asambodo nkụzi na UCLA na 1951, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri isii na ise, ma kụzie nka na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye.Miriam Matthews, "Gafford, Alice," in Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in America: Dance, Sports, and Visual Arts, Encyclopedia of Black Women in America (New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1997). African-American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. (accessed November 17, 2014)."Life Begins at 80 for Gracious Artist," Los Angeles Sentinel (July 13, 1967): A5.

Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọbọdọ Val Verde, na-akụzi ma na-eme ihe ngosi nka, ma na-eduzi Val Verde Women's Cultural Society.Jocelyn Y. Stewart, "Forgotten Oasis of Freedom:  Val Verde, the 'black Palm Springs,' provided an escape from racism--if only for a weekend," Los Angeles Times (March 2, 1994)."Founders' Day and Mother's Day Observed at Val Verde, Sunday," The California Eagle (May 12, 1949): 12.  A na-egosikarị ọrụ ya, nke ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndụ ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ala, n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya."Arts League Awards Veteran Artist," Los Angeles Sentinel (February 16, 1967): C2."Gafford Exhibit at Security," Los Angeles Sentinel (March 5, 1964): D1."Museum Displays Gafford Works," Los Angeles Times (December 5, 1965): OC13. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 81, ọ natara ọrụ ise foto nke ndị Africa America iri na abụọ a ma ama, maka ngosi na ụlọ ọrụ Family Savings and Loan Association na Los Angeles."Artist Receives Accolades for her Many Achievements," Los Angeles Sentinel (September 5, 1974): C2.

Gafford sonyere n'ịtọ ntọala Los Angeles Negro Art Association na 1937, na ụlọ ngosi Eleven Associated Artists (mgbe e mesịrị Art West Association) na etiti Los Angeles.
Ndị na-ese ihe na Los Angeles na-adịte aka gụnyere ndị Africa America Beulah Woodard, William Pajaud na ónyé China America na-ese egwu Tyrus Wong.

A kpọrọ ya "ónyé isi nke ndị na-ese ihe ojii na Los Angeles" iji kwado idu ndú ọbọdọ ya."Artist Receives Accolades for her Many Achievements," Los Angeles Sentinel (September 5, 1974): C2."Southwest Students Hear Black Women Achievers," Los Angeles Sentinel (April 5, 1973): C3."Artists to Open New Art Gallery Sunday," Los Angeles Sentinel (May 25, 1950): A2. Ihe osise mmanụ ya bụ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi Negro History Week na Doheny Library na 1953.

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Alice Taylor lụrụ Louis Sherman Gafford, ónyé agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, na 1928.  Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1959, ma kwụsị ise ihe n'afọ 1975, mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọrịa anya. Alice Taylor Gafford nwụrụ na 1981, mgbe ọ dị afọ 95, e lie ozu ya na Los Angeles National Cemetery."Memorial Service Held for Artist," Los Angeles Sentinel (November 12, 1981): C15.

 Ihe Nketa 
A maara Gafford màkà ọrụ ya n'ịtọ ntọala na ịzụlite ọtụtụ ìgwè nka na ndịda California, gụnyere ihe ngosi nka Val Verde kwa afọ, nke e mechara gụọ aha ya."Annual Arts and Hobby Show Set," Los Angeles Sentinel (June 19, 1975): C14.  A na-echeta ya dị ka nwanyị Africa-America na-ese ihe na Los Angeles, yana dị ka onye na-ese egwu nke ghọrọ ónyé na-arụpụta ihe karịsịa mgbe ọ dị agadi.Karen Anne Mason, "African-American Artists of Los Angeles oral history transcript: Cecil Fergerson," UCLA Oral History Program, Online Archive of California.; in this interview Fergerson mentions Gafford a few times, declaring, "when Beulah Woodward and Alice Gafford were doing art in Los Angeles, nobody else was doing it!" (pp 514-515)"Life Begins at 80 for Gracious Artist," Los Angeles Sentinel (July 13, 1967): A5.:  "Since she celebrated her eightieth birthday on the 15th of August last year Mrs. Gafford has produced more paintings, participated in more one-man and group shows, won more honors, and sold more paintings than in any equivalent period of her career." A na-anọchite anya ya site na ihe osise na nchịkọta nke Mahadum Howard, Long Beach Museum of Art, na Bowers Museum, n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.

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