Ollie Harrington

Oliver Wendell Harrington (ubochí irí na anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, 1912 ̊ rụo ụbọchị abụọ n'ọnwa Novemba, 1995) bụ onye America na-ese ihe nkiri na onye na-akwado megide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na maka ikike obodo na United States. N'ịbụ ónyé si n'agbụrụ dị iche iche, Langston Hughes kpọrọ ya "onye kacha eme ihe nkírí na-atọ ọchị n'Africa na America"."Cartoons by the late Ollie Harrington tell it like it was - and is," Ebony Magazine, February 1996. Harrington rịọrọ màkà mgbaba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na East Germany na 1961; ọ biri na Berlin màkà afọ iri atọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya.

 Akụkọ ndụ 

 Oge ọ malitere 
A mụrụ Herbert na Euzsenie Turat Harrington na Valhalla, New York, Harrington bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ ise. Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri iji gosipụta nkụda mmụọ ya banyéré ónyé nkuzi na-akpa ókè agbụrụ nke na-akpa oke agbụrụ na klas nke isii ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na DeWitt Clinton High School na Bronx na 1929.

 Ọrụ eserese 
N'ikpu onwé ya na Harlem Renaissance, Harrington chọtara ọrụ mgbè Ted Poston, ónyé nchịkọta akụkọ ọbọdọ màkà Amsterdam News matara banyéré nnukwu nkà Harrington dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe nkiri na ónyé na-eme ihe nkiri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. N'afọ 1935, Harrington mepụtara Dark Laughter, ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị, màkà mbipụta ahụ. E mechara kpọgharịa ya Bootsie, n'ihi onye ama ama ya, onye Africa America nkịtị na-emeso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na US. Harrington kọwara ya dị ka "onye obi ụtọ, ónyé na-eri nri nke ọma ma nwee obi ụtọ". N'oge a, Harrington debanyere aha na Fine Arts na Mahadum Yale iji mezue akara ugo mmụta ya, mana ọ pụghị imecha ya n'ihi na United States banyéré n'Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.

N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1941, ọ malitere ibipụta Jive Gray (1941 1910), ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị kwa izu banyéré ónyé na-efe ụgbọelu Africa na America; ihe nkiri ahụ gara n'ihu ruo mgbe Harrington kwagara Paris.

 Ndụ onwe onye 
Harrington nwere ụmụ anọ.  Ụmụ nwanyị abụọ bụ ụmụ amaala US; nke atọ bụ nwa amaala Britain. A mụrụ ha niile tupu Harrington akwaga East Berlin.  A mụrụ nwa ya nke ikpeazụ, nwá nwoke, ọtụtụ afọ mgbè Harrington lụrụ Helma Richter, ónyé nta akụkọ German.

 Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara 

 Dark Laughter: The Satiric Art of Oliver W. Harrington, ed. M. Thomas Inge (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1993).
 Ihe mere m ji hapụ America na edemede ndị ọzọ, ed. M. Thomas Inge (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1993).
 Ịchị ọchị n'èzí: The Intelligent White Reader's Guide to Negro Tales and Humor (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1965). [Ya na Philip Sterling na J. Saunders Redding].
 Bootsie na ndị ọzọ: Nhọrọ nke Cartoons (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1958).
 Hezekiah Horton (Viking Press, 1955). [ya na Ellen Tarry]
 Egwu na Tennessee: Eziokwu banyere Columbia Outrages (New York: "Komiti nke 100", 1946).

 Ihe ngosi 

 20212022 "Ọchịchị gbara ọchị: Ndụ na oge nke Ollie Harrington" (Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio)Oliphint, Joel. "Ollie Harrington's dark humor and overlooked, remarkable life on display at OSU: 'Dark Laughter Revisited: The Life and Times of Ollie Harrington' is on view at Ohio State's Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, and it's a must-see," Columbus Alive (Jan. 7, 2022).

 Edensibia 

 Ịgụ ihe ọzọ 

  (subscription required)
 "Oliver W. Harrington." Contemporary Black Biography, Mpịakọta 9. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
 "Oliver W. Harrington." Ndị Black American Men ama ama. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

 Njikọ mpụga 

 PBS Akụkọ ndụ Black Press
 Ndebanye aha ndị Africa na America
 Akụkọ ndụ Spartacus
 Oliver Harrington Biography, The Civil Rights Struggle, African American GIs, na Germany
 Bibliography na The Comics Reporter
 FBI faịlụ banyere Ollie Harrington