Environmental epidemiology

Ọrịa gburugburu ebe obibi bụ nkeji nke ọrịa na-ahụ gbasara ịchọpụta otú ikpughe gburugburu ebe obibi si emetụta ahụike mmadụ. Ubi a na-achọ ịghọta otú ihe ize ndụ dị iche iche dị n'èzí nwere ike isi mee ka ma ọ bụ chebe megide ọrịa, ọrịa, mmerụ ahụ, nsogbu mmepe, ma ọ bụ ọnwụ. Ihe ndị a nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-eme ma ọ bụ nwee ike iwebata na gburugburu ebe ndị mmadụ bi, na-arụ ọrụ, na igwu egwu.

 Mpaghara 
Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa nke Ụlọ ọrụ European maka gburugburu na ahụike (WHO-ECEH)  

na-ekwu na ọnwụ nde 1.4 kwa afọ na Europe naanị bụ n'ihi ikpughe gburugburu ebe obibi a na-apụghị izere ezere. Enwere ike ịhazi ngosipụta gburugburu ebe obibi n'ụzọ sara mbara n'ime ndị dị nso (dịka, na-eduga kpọmkwem n'ọnọdụ ahụike), gụnyere kemịkal, ndị na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ, na nje microbiological, na ndị dị anya (dịka, na-eduga n'ọnọdụ ahụike), dị ka ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, mgbanwe ihu igwe, na mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi ndị ọzọ sara mbara. Ngosipụta dị nso na-eme site na ikuku, nri, mmiri, na mmetụ akpụkpọ ahụ. Ngosipụta distal na-akpata ọnọdụ ahụike dị njọ kpọmkwem site n'ịgbanwe ngosipụta dị nso, na n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè site na mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi na usoro nkwado ndị ọzọ maka ahụike mmadụ.

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 
Nkwenye na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta ahụike mmadụ nwere ike ịchọta azụ na 460 BC na edemede Hippocrates On Airs, Waters, and Places . N'ime ya, ọ na-agba ndị dọkịta ume ka ha tụgharịa uche n'otú ihe ndị dị ka mmiri ọṅụṅụ nwere ike isi metụta ahụike nke ndị ọrịa ha. Ihe atụ ọzọ a ma ama nke mmekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike bụ nsí ndu nke ndị Rom oge ochie nwetara, bụ ndị na-eji ndu na paịpụ mmiri ha na ite kichin. 
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Tebụl nke Iwu United States ahọpụtara gbasara ahụike gburugburu ebe obibiIwuAfọNkọwa nkenkeFederal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act1938Kere United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act1947Ndị na-eji ọgwụ ahụhụ eme ihe na ndị na-emepụta ọgwụ ahụhụ ga-edebanye aha na EPA; ọgwụ ahụhụ agaghị akpata mmerụ ahụ na-enweghị isiFederal Water Pollution Control Act1948 1977A makwaara ya dị ka Clean Water Act, setịpụrụ ụkpụrụ ịdị mma mmiriIwu Ikuku Dị Ọcha1955,
1977Kere National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) maka nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike ọha na ezeIwu mkpofu mkpofu siri ike1965Ụkpụrụ a kapịrị ọnụ maka mkpofu obodo na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta iheIwu Nchebe na Ahụike Ọrụ1970Kere ụkpụrụ nchedo ndị ọrụ ma guzobe National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)Iwu Nchịkwa Ihe Ndị Na-egbu egbu1976Nyere EPA ohere ịchịkwa kemịkal, gụnyere ikike ịmachibido ihe ndị e gosipụtara na ha na-emerụ mmadụ ahụNzaghachi zuru oke nke gburugburu ebe obibi, nkwụghachi ụgwọ, na ibu ọrụ1980 1986A makwaara ya dị ka Superfund, ọ na-atụ ụtụ ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal na mmanụ ala iji kwado mkpochapu ebe mkpofu dị ize ndụIndoor Radon Abatement Act1988A na-akwụ ụgwọ maka mkpochapu radon na mmemme nyochaIwu Nchedo Ọdịmma Nri1996Emegharịrị Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, na Rodenticide Act iji tinye ihe achọrọ na ọgwụ ahụhụ nwere ezi obi ike na ha anaghị akpata mmerụ ahụ mmadụ

 Nnyocha 

 Ọmụmụ ihe nlele 
Ọmụmụ ọrịa gburugburu ebe obibi na-abụkarị ihe a na-ahụkarị, nke pụtara na ndị na-eme nnyocha na-eleba anya na ngosipụta ndị mmadụ na ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi n'enweghị itinye aka wee hụ usoro ndị na-apụta. Nke a bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ na-abụkarị ihe na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume ịme nyocha nyocha nke ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi na ụmụ mmadụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye na-eme nchọpụta enweghị ike ịgwa ụfọdụ ndị ọmụmụ ha ka ha na-ese siga iji hụ ma ha nwere nsonaazụ ahụike dara ogbenye karịa ndị a gwara ka ha ghara ịṅụ sịga.

 Leekwa 

 Epidemiology
 Ọrịa na-efe efe na-arụ ọrụ
 Envirome
 Ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi
 Sayensị gburugburu ebe obibi
 Ngosipụta
 Ọrịa na-efe efe na-arụ ọrụ
 Nchebe ọrụ na ahụike

 Edensibia 

 Ịgụgụ ọzọ 



 Njikọ mpụga 

 International Society for Environmental Epidemiology
 "ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY journal"
 International Epidemiological Association
 Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
 Akwụkwọ akụkọ EPIDEMIOLOGY
 Echiche Ahụike Gburugburu Ebe Obibi (akụkọ na akwụkwọ nyocha nke ndị ọgbọ nke National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences bipụtara)
 Environmental Health News ihe omume ugbu a na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi