Joyce Sikakane

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Joyce Nomafa Sikakane, mechara Sikakane-Rankin (amụrụ ya na1943), bụ onye nta akụkọ na onye ndọrọndọrọ South Africa. Ndị ọchịchị Apartheid South Africa nwụchiri ya ọnwa iri na asaa maka ọgụ megide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ya.

 Akụkọ ndụ 

 Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ 
A mụrụ Sikakane na 1943 nye Jonathan Sikakane na Amelia Nxumalo na Bridgeman Memorial Maternity Hospital na Johannesburg, South Africa.  O tolitere na Soweto, ada nKeke onye nkuzi na Mahadum Witwatersrand .  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Holy Cross ruo mgbe African National Congress (ANC) kpọrọ oku ka ewepụ ya n'ihi iwu Bantu Education Act wee mechie ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.  Nne na nna ya mechara kewapụ wee malite ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Inanda Seminary .  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Orlando ruo nwa oge ka nne ya nwetasịrị ikike mana ọ laghachiri na Seminary Inanda, nke ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ 1963.  Ọ chọghị ịdebanye aha na kọleji ọ bụla na South Africa ọzọ n'ihi iwu Bantu Education Act, kama o kpebiri ịghọ onye nta akụkọ.   O mechara nweta nzere bachelọ nke Science Honors na United Kingdom na Mahadum Open . 

 Ọrụ na mmemme 
Sikakane malitere ọrụ ya dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ n'afọ 1960 na The World, akwụkwọ akụkọ na-acha ọcha na-elekọta ndị na-ege ntị ojii.  Na 1968, ọ hapụrụ ụwa ka ọ bụrụ onye nweere onwe ya maka Rand Daily Mail, ebe ọ ga-abụ nwanyị ojii mbụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ na-akwụ ụgwọ.   Na Rand Daily Mail, ọ malitere ilekwasị anya n'ihe odide ya na mmetụta nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nwere na ndị Africa nke South Africa.  

Na 12 Mee 1969, ndị uwe ojii nwụchiri Sikakane n'okpuru iwu iyi ọha egwu wee kpụga ya na Pretoria Central Prison, ebe a gbara ya ajụjụ gbasara African National Congress (ANC).   E boro ya ebubo n'okpuru Iwu Suppression of Communism wee kpee ya na 1 Disemba 1969, ya na ndị ndọrọndọrọ 21 ndị ọzọ.  Ewepụrụ ebubo a na 16 February 1970 mana ejideghachiri Sikakane na ndị ọzọ na-eme ihe ike obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị.   Mgbe ihe dị ka ọnwa 17 nke njide gachara, a tọhapụrụ ya na ngwụcha afọ 1970.  O mechara hapụ South Africa n'afọ 1973 wee gaa n'ihu na-arụrụ ANC ọrụ mgbe ọ nọ na mba ọzọ.  

 Alụmdi na nwunye 
N'otu oge ahụ ka ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Rand Daily Mail,  Sikakane hụrụ n'anya wee banye dọkịta Scotland,  Ken Rankin (1939-2011),  "Professor Kenneth Rankin", The Herald, 23 July 2011. mana dịka nke a. mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị bụ iwu na-akwadoghị na South Africa, ha mere atụmatụ ịlụ di na nwunye na mba ọzọ. N'afọ 1973, Sikakane hapụrụ South Africa gaa Zambia na ngalaba ANC achụpụrụ,  na ya na Rankin lụrụ n'afọ 1974, mechaa kwaga Scotland . 

Sikakane nwere ụmụ ise: 

 Nkosinathi
 Ọnwụ
 Samora
 Vikela
 Alan

N'afọ 1977, Sikakane's autobiography, Window on Soweto, bipụtara na London site na International Defense and Aid Fund . 

N'afọ 1994, ọ laghachiri South Africa, ebe ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi South Africa na-arụ ọrụ ruo afọ 2001. 

Na úbọchị nke iri na abuo na itoolu Julaị 1997, ọ gbara ama n'ihu Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) banyere ahụmịhe ya n'okpuru ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, gụnyere ọgwụgwọ ya mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọnga ogologo ọnwa. 

N'afọ 2008, onye na-edebe akwụkwọ akụkọ Nelson Mandela Foundation chọtara akwụkwọ ozi na-ezigaghị Sikakane. 

 Ndị ọzọ 
Sikakane so na ndị odee egosipụtara na akụkọ anthology nke Margaret Busby nke 1992 Daughters of Africa .  "Joyce Sikakane" at Goodreads.

 Mbipụta 

 Akụkọ ihe mere eme 

 Window dị na Soweto (1977)

 Edensibia 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ