Barbara Masekela

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Barbara Mosima Joyce Masekela (amụrụ 18 Julaị na afo 1941)  bụ onye na-ede uri South Afrika, onye nkuzi na onye ndọrọndọrọ onye jigidere ọkwa nka nka n'ime African National Congress (ANC).

 Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ 
Barbara Masekela mụrụ na 18 Julaị na afo 1941 na obodo Alexandra nke Johannesburg, South Africa . Nke abụọ n'ime ụmụaka anọ a mụrụ Pauline na Thomas Masekela, nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ Hugh Masekela tolitere bụrụ onye na-egwu jazz nke ọma. Mgbe ọ bụ nwa ọhụrụ, e zigara ya ka ya na nne nne ya biri na Witbank (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka EMalahleni ). Mgbe ọ dị afọ 10, Barbara laghachiri na obodo Alexandra ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ Anglican nke Saint-Michael. Nne na nna ya zụlitere ezinụlọ mara mma nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị; site na nwata Barbara maara banyere ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke South Afrika. Mgbe ọ na-aga Seminary ụmụ nwanyị Inanda na Durban, o nwere ohere izute ọtụtụ ndị na-akwado ikike obodo South Afrika, dị ka onye isi ANC Albert Luthuli, nke ga-akpụzi ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na agụmakwụkwọ n'ọdịnihu.  N'afọ 1960, Masekela gụchara akwụkwọ sekọndrị wee rụọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ <i id="mwGQ">New Age</i> .

Mgbe ọnwa isii gachara, ọ debanyere aha na campus Basutoland nke Mahadum Basutoland, Bechuanaland na Swaziland . Mgbe otu semester na mahadum gasịrị, ọ kwagara Ghana iji nyere mba ahụ nweere onwe ọhụrụ aka iwebata usoro mmụta nke Western. Na February na afo 1963 Masekela butere ụkwara nta wee ziga ya na United Kingdom, bụ ebe a na-agwọ ya n'afọ sochiri ya. Mgbe emezigharịrị ya ọ nọrọ na UK ọnwa ole na ole tupu ọ kwaga New York City na afo 1965, ebe ọ debanyere aha na Mahadum Fordham . Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Fordham dị mkpụmkpụ; na klaasị Anthropology ya ọ nwetara ịkpa ókè agbụrụ site n'aka ndị prọfesọ ya, bụ ndị lere ọha mmadụ na-abụghị nke ọdịda anyanwụ anya dị ka ndị mbụ na ndị na-emepeghị emepe. Masekela dara ọrịa ọzọ wee laghachi Africa, gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ na Mahadum Zambia na afo 1967. N'ime afọ nke atọ ya na Mahadum Zambia ọ nwere ihe mberede ụgbọ ala; mmerụ ahụ nke kpatara ya mere ka ya na nwanne ya nwoke nọrọ na California ruo mgbe ọ gbakere. Mgbe mmerụ ahụ ya gwọchara ọ nọrọ na United States iji mechaa nzere BA ya na nzere bekee na Ohio State University na afo 1971. Na afo 1972 ọ malitere nkuzi na Staten Island Community College . Na afo 1973, ọ gara n'ihu na-akụzi akwụkwọ Bekee na Mahadum Rutgers ruo afo 1982. N'oge ya na Rutgers, ọ na-ewere naanị ezumike iji mezue akara ugo mmụta nna ya ukwu na afo 1976.

Agụnyere abụ ya na akwụkwọ ndị dị otú ahụ na Sterling Plumpp 's Somehow We Survive: Anthology of South African Writing (New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1982).

 Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị 
Ka ọ nọsịrị na South Afrika afọ 22, Masekela ka na-akwado ma na-akwado obodo ya site na akwụkwọ akụkọ ebe okwu African National Congress (ANC) na-apụta na akụkọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụbọchị niile. Site na mgbasa ozi, Masekela mụtara banyere mkpali ha na-akwado mmachi akụ na ụba nke ga-emebi ọchịchị South Africa, na mmekọrịta ha na mba Scandinavian na-esiwanye ike mgbe nile, nke a na-ejikọta ya na ihe gbasara ikike mmadụ. Achọpụtara na Zimbabwe na Mozambique nwetara nnwere onwe ma na-alụso usoro ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa ọgụ. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ, na mmalite na afo 1980s ka Masekela sonyeere òtù mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ wee kwuo okwu na ihe ngosi na America, na-enye ya aha dị ka onye na-agbasi mbọ ike.  N'August afo 1982 Masekela mere njem ya laghachi Lusaka, Zambia, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka odeakwụkwọ nhazi maka ANC oge niile. "Masekela, Barbara", Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo, HSRC Press, 2000, p. 109. Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ naanị maka ANC otu afọ, a gwara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ngalaba nke Arts na Culture ANC, nke ọ nabatara. 

Na afo 1990, obere oge ka a tọhapụrụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ afọ 27, Nelson Mandela bịara United States na India iji kelee onye ọ bụla nyeere ya na ANC aka. A gwara Masekela ka o soro ya, na-ahụ maka nhazi na nhazi oge, nakwa ka o nye aka n'ịkwalite ego na nkwado sitere n'aka ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka nzukọ a na ntuli aka nke ọtụtụ agbụrụ, ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-abịa n'ihu. N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nke ọma, ọ masịrị Mandela nke ukwuu nke na ọ rịọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ndị ọrụ n'ọfịs ya. N'otu afọ ahụ, Masekela kwuru okwu nke mere ka o doo anya njikọ ọ na-ekwu mgbe niile n'etiti nka na omenala obodo ọ bụla, na nkà n'ụdị ọ bụla gosipụtara ụkpụrụ ogologo oge nke ọha mmadụ, ma ọ bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke iwu, ma ọ bụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze. 

Ọ jere ozi gọọmentị South Afrika n'ọkwa kachasị elu mgbe, mgbe nraranye ya dị ka Onye isi ala, nke ọ na-achị, Mandela họpụtara ya onye nnọchi anya South Africa mbụ na France na UNESCO na 1995. N'ikpeazụ, na 8 Septemba na afo 2003, Onye isi ala Mbeki họpụtara onye nnọchi anya South Africa ya na United States. N'etiti nhọpụta ndị nnọchianya, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa maka ọha na ụlọ ọrụ maka De Beer Consolidated Mines . Ọ jere ozi dịka onye nlekọta nke Nelson Mandela Children Fund na Nelson Mandela Foundation . Masekela nwekwara ọkwa dị iche iche nke ndị isi na ndị na-abụghị ndị isi, gụnyere onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Standard Bank of South Africa, South Africa Broadcasting Corporation na International Marketing Council. Ọ bụ ya bụ onye isi oche ndị isi oche nke National State Theatre.

 Ihe nrite 
Masekela bụ onye natara Order of Luthuli na Silver, nke e nyere ya maka "ezigbo ntinye aka na mkpochapụ nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na inye aka na mmepe nke ụkpụrụ ọhụrụ South Africa". "Barbara Masekela (1941 - )", The Presidency, Republic of South Africa. 

 Edensibia 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ