Genosida Yunani Pontos

Genosida Yunani Pontos, atau genosida Pontos (), adalah penghancuran menyeluruh dan sistematis komunitas Yunani asli di wilayah Pontus (timur laut Turki modern) di Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah pada Perang Dunia I dan masa setelahnya.

Orang-orang Yunani Pontos memiliki keberadaan berkelanjutan di wilayah Pontus dari sekitar 700 SM, sepanjang 2.500 tahun lalu. Setelah penaklukan Utsmaniyah terhadap Kekaisaran Trebizond pada 1461, wilayah tersebut ditempatkan di bawah kendali Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah. Kebangkitan nasionalisme Turki pada permulaan abad ke-20 secara dramatis meningkatkan sentimen anti-Yunani dalam Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah. Genosida tersebut dimulai pada 1914 oleh rezim Turki Muda, yang dipimpin oleh Tiga Pasha. Setelah jeda antarperang pendek pada 1918–1919, dilanjutkan pada 1923 oleh rezim Kemalis yang dipimpin oleh Mustafa Kemal Pasha. Gerakan nasionalis membantai Pontian dan mendeportasi mereka ke wilayah dalam Anatolia. Perisitwa tersebut mengakibatkan sekitar 350.000 korban tewassekitar separuh dari populasi Pontik pra-genosida.IAGS' Resolution (16 December 2007):

Resolution on genocides committed by the Ottoman Empire WHEREAS the denial of genocide is widely recognized as the final stage of genocide, enshrining impunity for the perpetrators of genocide, and demonstrably paving the way for future genocides; WHEREAS the Ottoman genocide against minority populations during and following the First World War is usually depicted as a genocide against Armenians alone, with little recognition of the qualitatively similar genocides against other Christian minorities of the Ottoman Empire; BE IT RESOLVED that it is the conviction of the International Association of Genocide Scholars that the Ottoman campaign against Christian minorities of the Empire between 1914 and 1923 constituted a genocide against Armenians, Assyrians, and Pontian and Anatolian Greeks. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Association calls upon the government of Turkey to acknowledge the genocides against these populations, to issue a formal apology, and to take prompt and meaningful steps toward restitution.United Nations document (another link, the 5th document) E/CN.4/1998/NGO/24 (WRITTEN STATEMENT /SUBMITTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR THE RIGHTS AND LIBERATION OF PEOPLES, dated 1998-02-24):
The number of Pontians in the beginning of the twentieth century may be estimated at about 750,000. The process of their elimination goes from 1916 to 1923...In 1916, shortly after the completion of the genocide of the Armenians, the elimination process of the Pontians, started. The methods were the same: massacres, atrocities, massive rapes, abduction of women and children, forcible conversions to Islam, death-marches into arid regions, in inhuman conditions of hunger, thirst and disease meant for full extinction. These measures were called "deportation" by the authorities and were supposedly taken for security reasons. These facts are related by survivors and by many foreign witnesses confirming the deliberate destruction of the Pontian minority as such... The elimination of the Pontians was carried on after World War I, in fact systematically after 1919. The event which is considered as the starting point of a new stage of the final uprooting is the arrival of Mustafa Kemal at Samsun on 19 May 1919. Indeed, operations of mass killings, persecution, "deportation" for elimination, were resumed on a large scale in 1919. Some acts of self-defence or resistance were repressed severely by the Turkish army. Scores of villages were burnt after looting. Churches and houses were plundered. A number of churches were demolished. This preplanned destruction over 6–7 years after 1916, of about 50 per cent of the Pontians constituted a genocide under the United Nations criteria (Article II of the Convention on genocide, paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e)). From 1916 to 1923, about 350,000 Pontians disappeared through massacres, persecution and death-marches"

Genosida berakhir dengan deportasi para penyintas ke Yunani dalam pertukaran penduduk antara Yunani dan Turki pada 1923. Genosida Pontik adalah bagian dari genosida Yunani yang lebih luas, tetapi seringkali disorot secara terpisah karena isolasi geografi Pontus dan beberapa unsur politik dan sejarah.

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Kategori:Genosida Yunani