Amerika Serikat dalam Perang Dunia I

Amerika Serikat menyatakan perang terhadap Kekaisaran Jerman tepatnya tanggal 6 April 1917 yang menandai hampir tiga tahun sesudah dimulainya Perang Dunia I. Perang Dunia I diakhiri dengan gencatan senjata 11 November 1918. Sebelum ikut terlibat dalam perang tersebut Amerika Serikat bersikap netral, meskipun telah menjadi pemasok penting bagi Inggris, Prancis, dan kekuatan lain dari Blok Sekutu Perang Dunia I.

Sejak mulai terlibat dalam Perang Dunia I pada tahun 1917, Amerika Serikat banyakan membantu sekutu dengan menyumbang pasokan, bahan baku, dan dana. Pasukan Amerika Serikat dipimpin oleh jenderal berpangkat General of the Armies bernama John Pershing sebagai Panglima Tertinggi Pasukan Ekspedisi Amerika Serikat (singkatan bahasa Inggrisnya adalah AEF), mulai tiba di Front Barat dengan rata-rata 10.000 pasukan per hari tepatnya pada musim panas tahun 1918. Selama masa perang, Amerika Serikat menggerakkan dengan jumlah 4,7 juta pasukannya dan yang gugur sebanyak 116.000. Banyak lembaga baru yang dibuat oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat yang berfokus untuk upaya perang, dan selain itu terjadi peningkatan dalam jumlah pasukan Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat.

Amerika Serikat sedang mengalami peralihan lambat dari ekonomi dan tenaga kerja yang fokus untuk kebutuhan rakyat menjadi ekonomi dan tenaga kerja yang berfokus untuk kebutuhan perang. Mulai musim semi tahun 1918, Amerika Serikat sudah siap untuk ikut mengambil peran dalam perang tersebut. Presiden Amerika Serikat Woodrow Wilson mengambil kesempatan perang ini pada masa puncak Era Progresif, untuk membuktikan bahwa Amerika Serikat adalah negara yang ingin menyebarkan demokrasi dan reformasi ke seluruh dunia. Banyak warga Amerika Serikat yang protes mengenai keterlibatan negaranya.

 Referensi 

 Sumber 


 Bacaan lebih lanjut 

 Bailey, Thomas. A Diplomatic History of the American people (1947) pp 610–680 online
 Bassett, John Spencer. Our War with Germany: A History (1919) online edition
 Breen, William J. Uncle Sam at Home: Civilian Mobilization, Wartime Federalism, and the Council of National Defense, 1917-1919 (1984)

 Capozzola, Christopher. Uncle Sam Wants You: World War I and the Making of the Modern American Citizen (2008)
 Chambers, John W., II. To Raise an Army: The Draft Comes to Modern America (1987) online
 Clements, Kendrick A. The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson (1992)
 Coffman, Edward M. The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I (1998), a standard military history. online free to borrow
 Committee on Public Information. How the war came to America (1917) online  840pp detailing every sector of society
 Cooper, John Milton. Woodrow Wilson: A Biography (2009)
 Cooper, John Milton. "The World War and American Memory." Diplomatic History (2014) 38#4 pp: 727-736.
 Doenecke, Justus D. Nothing Less than War: A New History of America's Entry into World War I  (University Press of Kentucky, 2011)
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 Kang, Sung Won, and Hugh Rockoff. "Capitalizing patriotism: the Liberty loans of World War I." Financial History Review 22.1 (2015): 45+ online
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 May, Ernest R. The World War and American Isolation, 1914-1917 (1959) online at ACLS e-books, highly influential study
 Nash, George H. The Life of Herbert Hoover: Master of Emergencies, 1917-1918 (1996)  excerpt and text search
 Paxson, Frederic L.  Pre-war years, 1913-1917 (1936) wide-ranging scholarly survey
 Paxson, Frederic L. American at War 1917-1918 (1939) online wide-ranging scholarly survey
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 Trask, David F. The AEF and Coalition Warmaking, 1917–1918 (1993)online free
 Trask, David F ed. World War I at home; readings on American life, 1914-1920 (1969) primary sources online
 Tucker, Spencer C., and Priscilla Mary Roberts, eds. The Encyclopedia of World War I: A Political, Social, and Military History (5 vol. 2005). worldwide coverage
 Van Ells, Mark D. America and World War I: A Traveler's Guide (2014) excerpt
 Vaughn, Stephen. Holding Fast the Inner Lines: Democracy, Nationalism, and the Committee on Public Information (U of North Carolina Press, 1980) online
 Venzon, Anne ed. The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia (1995)
 ;  904pp; full scale scholarly biography; winner of Pulitzer Prize; online free; 2nd ed. 1965

 Woodward, David R. The American Army and the First World War (2014). 484 pp. online review
 Woodward, David R. Trial by Friendship: Anglo-American Relations, 1917-1918 (1993) online
 Young, Ernest William. The Wilson Administration and the Great War (1922) online edition
 Zieger, Robert H. America's Great War: World War I and the American Experience (2000)

Historiografi dan pengenangan 
 Berg, Manfred, and Axel Jansen. "Americans in World War I–World War I in America." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 17.4 (2018): 599-607. excerpt
 Capozzola, Chris, et al. "Interchange: World War I." Journal of American History 102.2 (2015): 463-499. https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jav474
 Cooper, John Milton Jr. “The World War and American Memory,” Diplomatic History 38:4 (2014): 727–36.
 Jones, Heather.  “As the Centenary Approaches: The Regeneration of First World War Historiography” Historical Journal 56:3 (2013): 857–78, global perspective
 Keene, Jennifer, “The United States” in John Horne, ed., A Companion to World War I (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), 508–23.
 Keene, Jennifer D. "Remembering the 'Forgotten War': American Historiography on World War I." Historian 78#3 (2016): 439-468.
 Rubin, Richard. The Last of the Doughboys: The Forgotten Generation and their Forgotten World War (2013)
 Snell, Mark A., ed. Unknown Soldiers: The American Expeditionary Forces in Memory and Remembrance (Kent State UP, 2008).
 Trout, Steven. On the Battlefield of Memory: The First World War and American Remembrance, 1919–1941 (University of Alabama Press, 2010)
 Woodward. David. America and World War I: A Selected Annotated Bibliography of English Language Sources (2nd ed 2007)  excerpt
 Zeiler, Thomas W., Ekbladh, David K., and Montoya, Benjamin C., eds. Beyond 1917: The United States and the Global Legacies of the Great War'' (Oxford University Press, 2017)

 Pranala luar 

 First-hand accounts of World War I veterans, The Library of Congress Veterans History Project.

Kategori:Perang Dunia I