Pembinaan bangsa

Pembinaan bangsa, bina bangsa, atau pembangunan bangsa adalah proses membina atau menyusun identitas kebangsaan menggunakan kekuatan negara.Karl Wolfgang Deutsch, William J. Folt, eds, Nation Building in Comparative Contexts, New York, Atherton, 1966.Mylonas, Harris (2017),"Nation-building," Oxford Bibliographies in International Relations. Ed. Patrick James. New York: Oxford University Press. Pembinaan bangsa bertujuan untuk menyatukan rakyat dalam negara sehingga tetap stabil secara politik dan berdaya maju dalam jangka panjang. Menurut Harris Mylonas, "Pewenang yang sah di negara-negara bangsa modern terhubung dengan kekuasaan rakyat dengan mayoritas. Pembinaan bangsa adalah proses yang melaluinya mayoritas ini dibangun." Dalam kerangka kerja Harris Mylonas, "elite negara menggunakan tiga kebijakan pembinaan bangsa, yaitu akomodasi, asimilasi, dan penyisihan."

Pembina bangsa atau pembangun bangsa adalah warga negara yang berprakarsa untuk membangun masyarakat nasional melalui program pemerintah, termasuk wajib militer dan sekolah massa muatan nasional.Keith Darden and Harris Mylonas. 2016. "Threats to Territorial Integrity, National Mass Schooling, and Linguistic Commonality," Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 49, No. 11: 1446-1479.Keith Darden and Anna Grzymala-Busse. 2006. "The Great Divide: Literacy, Nationalism, and the Communist Collapse." World Politics, Volume 59 (October): 83-115.Barry Posen. 1993. "Nationalism, the Mass Army and Military Power," International Security, 18(2): 80-124. Pembinaan bangsa dapat melibatkan penggunaan propaganda atau pengembangan prasarana utama untuk memupuk keselarasan sosial dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Menurut sosiolog Universitas Columbia, Andreas Wimmer, tiga faktor cenderung menentukan keberhasilan pembinaan bangsa dalam jangka panjang, yaitu "perkembangan awal organisasi masyarakat sipil, munculnya negara yang mampu menyediakan barang umum secara merata di seluruh wilayah, dan munculnya media komunikasi bersama."

Rujukan

Bacaan lanjut
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Pranala luar
 Fritz V, Menocal AR, Memahami Pembinaan Negara dari Sudut Pandang Ekonomi Politik , ODI, London: 2007.
 CIC/IPA, Konsep dan Dilema Pembinaan Negara dalam Keadaan Rapuh, OECD-DAC, Paris: 2008.
 Whaites, Alan, Negara dalam Pengembangan: Memahami Pembinaan Negara, DFID, London: 2008.

Kategori:Istilah ilmu politik
Kategori:Hubungan internasional
Kategori:Bangsa