Isotop emas

Emas (79Au) memiliki satu isotop stabil, 197Au, dan 36 radioisotop, dengan 195Au menjadi yang paling stabil dengan waktu paruh 186 hari. Emas saat ini dianggap sebagai unsur monoisotop terberat. Bismut sebelumnya memegang gelar tersebut sampai peluruhan alfa dari isotop 209Bi teramati. Semua isotop emas bersifat radioaktif atau, dalam kasus 197Au, stabil secara pengamatan, yang berarti bahwa 197Au diprediksi bersifat radioaktif tetapi tidak ada peluruhan aktual yang teramati.

 Pembentukan dan kestabilan 
Isotop emas yang terbentuk secara alami di alam memiliki nuklida stabil dan jumlahnya hanya satu. Sementara itu, puluhan isotop emas yang lainnya hanya dapat dibuat di laboratorium dan hasilnya merupakan nuklida non-stabil. Kestabilan isotop emas agar berubah seiring waktu dan berakhir menjadi unsur kimia lain.

Daftar isotop

|-
| 169Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 168,99808(32)#
| 150# μdtk
|
|
| 1/2+#
|
|
|-
| 170Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 91
| 169,99612(22)#
| 310(50) μdtk[286(+50−40) μdtk]
|
|
| (2−)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 170mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 275(14) keV
| 630(60) μdtk[0,62(+6−5) mdtk]
|
|
| (9+)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|171Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 92
| rowspan=2|170,991879(28)
| rowspan=2|30(5) μdtk
| p
| 170Pt
| rowspan=2|(1/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (langka)
| 167Ir
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 171mAu
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 250(16) keV
| rowspan=2|1,014(19) mdtk
| α (54%)
| 167Ir
| rowspan=2|11/2−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| p (46%)
| 170Pt
|-
| rowspan=2|172Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 93
| rowspan=2|171,99004(17)#
| rowspan=2|4,7(11) mdtk
| α (98%)
| 168Ir
| rowspan=2|tinggi
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| p (2%)
| 171Pt
|-
| rowspan=2|173Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 94
| rowspan=2|172,986237(28)
| rowspan=2|25(1) mdtk
| α
| 169Ir
| rowspan=2|(1/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (langka)
| 173Pt
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 173mAu
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 214(23) keV
| rowspan=2|14,0(9) mdtk
| α (96%)
| 169Ir
| rowspan=2|(11/2−)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (4%)
| 173Pt
|-
| rowspan=2|174Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 95
| rowspan=2|173,98476(11)#
| rowspan=2|139(3) mdtk
| α
| 170Ir
| rowspan=2|rendah
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (langka)
| 174Pt
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 174mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 360(70)# keV
| 171(29) mdtk
|
|
| tinggi
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|175Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 96
| rowspan=2|174,98127(5)
| rowspan=2|100# mdtk
| α (82%)
| 171Ir
| rowspan=2|1/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (18%)
| 175Pt
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 175mAu
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(30)# keV
| rowspan=2|156(3) mdtk
| α
| 171Ir
| rowspan=2|11/2−#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+
| 175Pt
|-
| rowspan=2|176Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 97
| rowspan=2|175,98010(11)#
| rowspan=2|1,08(17) dtk[0,84(+17−14) dtk]
| α (60%)
| 172Ir
| rowspan=2|(5−)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (40%)
| 176Pt
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 176mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 150(100)# keV
| 860(160) mdtk
|
|
| (7+)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|177Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 98
| rowspan=2|176,976865(14)
| rowspan=2|1,462(32) dtk
| β+ (60%)
| 177Pt
| rowspan=2|(1/2+, 3/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (40%)
| 173Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 177mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 216(26) keV
| 1,180(12) dtk
|
|
| 11/2−
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|178Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 99
| rowspan=2|177,97603(6)
| rowspan=2|2,6(5) dtk
| β+ (60%)
| 178Pt
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (40%)
| 174Ir
|-
| rowspan=2|179Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 100
| rowspan=2|178,973213(18)
| rowspan=2|7,1(3) dtk
| β+ (78%)
| 179Pt
| rowspan=2|5/2−#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (22%)
| 175Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 179mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 99(16) keV
|
|
|
| (11/2−)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|180Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 101
| rowspan=2|179,972521(23)
| rowspan=2|8,1(3) dtk
| β+ (98,2%)
| 180Pt
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (1,8%)
| 176Ir
|-
| rowspan=2|181Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 102
| rowspan=2|180,970079(21)
| rowspan=2|13,7(14) dtk
| β+ (97,3%)
| 181Pt
| rowspan=2|(3/2−)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (2,7%)
| 177Ir
|-
| rowspan=2|182Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 103
| rowspan=2|181,969618(22)
| rowspan=2|15,5(4) dtk
| β+ (99,87%)
| 182Pt
| rowspan=2|(2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (0,13%)
| 178Ir
|-
| rowspan=2|183Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 104
| rowspan=2|182,967593(11)
| rowspan=2|42,8(10) dtk
| β+ (99,2%)
| 183Pt
| rowspan=2|(5/2)−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (0,8%)
| 179Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 183m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 73,3(4) keV
| >1 μdtk
|
|
| (1/2)+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 183m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 230,6(6) keV
| <1 μdtk
|
|
| (11/2)−
|
|
|-
| 184Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 105
| 183,967452(24)
| 20,6(9) dtk
| β+
| 184Pt
| 5+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 184mAu
| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 68,46(1) keV
| rowspan=3|47,6(14) dtk
| β+ (70%)
| 184Pt
| rowspan=3|2+
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
|-
| IT (30%)
| 184Au
|-
| α (0,013%)
| 180Ir
|-
| rowspan=2|185Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 106
| rowspan=2|184,965789(28)
| rowspan=2|4,25(6) mnt
| β+ (99,74%)
| 185Pt
| rowspan=2|5/2−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (0,26%)
| 181Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 185mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 100(100)# keV
| 6,8(3) mnt
|
|
| 1/2+#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|186Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 107
| rowspan=2|185,965953(23)
| rowspan=2|10,7(5) mnt
| β+ (99,9992%)
| 186Pt
| rowspan=2|3−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (8%)
| 182Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 186mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 227,77(7) keV
| 110(10) ndtk
|
|
| 2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|187Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 108
| rowspan=2|186,964568(27)
| rowspan=2|8,4(3) mnt
| β+ (99,997%)
| 187Pt
| rowspan=2|1/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (0,003%)
| 183Ir
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 187mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 120,51(16) keV
| 2,3(1) dtk
| IT
| 187Au
| 9/2−
|
|
|-
| 188Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 109
| 187,965324(22)
| 8,84(6) mnt
| β+
| 188Pt
| 1(−)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|189Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 110
| rowspan=2|188,963948(22)
| rowspan=2|28,7(3) mnt
| β+ (99,9997%)
| 189Pt
| rowspan=2|1/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (3%)
| 185Ir
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 189m1Au
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 247,23(16) keV
| rowspan=2|4,59(11) mnt
| β+
| 189Pt
| rowspan=2|11/2−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (langka)
| 189Au
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 189m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 325,11(16) keV
| 190(15) ndtk
|
|
| 9/2−
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 189m3Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2554,7(12) keV
| 242(10) ndtk
|
|
| 31/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|190Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 111
| rowspan=2|189,964700(17)
| rowspan=2|42,8(10) mnt
| β+
| 190Pt
| rowspan=2|1−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (10−6%)
| 186Ir
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 190mAu
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(150)# keV
| rowspan=2|125(20) mdtk
| IT
| 190Au
| rowspan=2|11−#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (langka)
| 190Pt
|-
| 191Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 112
| 190,96370(4)
| 3,18(8) jam
| β+
| 191Pt
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 191m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 266,2(5) keV
| 920(110) mdtk
| IT
| 191Au
| (11/2−)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 191m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2490(1) keV
| >400 ndtk
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| 192Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 113
| 191,964813(17)
| 4,94(9) jam
| β+
| 192Pt
| 1−
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 192m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 135,41(25) keV
| 29 mdtk
| IT
| 192Au
| (5#)+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 192m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 431,6(5) keV
| 160(20) mdtk
|
|
| (11−)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|193Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 114
| rowspan=2|192,964150(11)
| rowspan=2|17,65(15) jam
| β+ (100%)
| 193Pt
| rowspan=2|3/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (10−5%)
| 189Ir
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 193m1Au
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 290,19(3) keV
| rowspan=2|3,9(3) dtk
| IT (99,97%)
| 193Au
| rowspan=2|11/2−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+ (0,03%)
| 193Pt
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 193m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2486,5(6) keV
| 150(50) ndtk
|
|
| (31/2+)
|
|
|-
| 194Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 115
| 193,965365(11)
| 38,02(10) jam
| β+
| 194Pt
| 1−
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 194m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 107,4(5) keV
| 600(8) mdtk
| IT
| 194Au
| (5+)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 194m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 475,8(6) keV
| 420(10) mdtk
|
|
| (11−)
|
|
|-
| 195Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 116
| 194,9650346(14)
| 186,098(47) hri
| EC
| 195Pt
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 195mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 318,58(4) keV
| 30,5(2) dtk
| IT
| 195Au
| 11/2−
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|196Au
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 117
| rowspan=2|195,966570(3)
| rowspan=2|6,1669(6) hri
| EC (93,05%)
| 196Pt
| rowspan=2|2−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β− (6,95%)
| 196Hg
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 196m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 84,660(20) keV
| 8,1(2) dtk
| IT
| 196Au
| 5+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 196m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 595,66(4) keV
| 9,6(1) jam
|
|
| 12−
|
|
|-
| 197AuBahan potensial untuk bom bergaram
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 118
| 196,9665687(6)
| colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara PengamatanDiyakini mengalami peluruhan α menjadi 193Ir
| 3/2+
| 1,0000
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 197mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 409,15(8) keV
| 7,73(6) dtk
| IT
| 197Au
| 11/2−
|
|
|-
| 198Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 119
| 197,9682423(6)
| 2,69517(21) hri
| β−
| 198Hg
| 2−
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 198m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 312,2200(20) keV
| 124(4) ndtk
|
|
| 5+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 198m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 811,7(15) keV
| 2,27(2) hri
| IT
| 198Au
| (12−)
|
|
|-
| 199Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 120
| 198,9687652(6)
| 3,139(7) hri
| β−
| 199Hg
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 199mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 548,9368(21) keV
| 440(30) μdtk
|
|
| (11/2)−
|
|
|-
| 200Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 121
| 199,97073(5)
| 48,4(3) mnt
| β−
| 200Hg
| 1(−)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 200mAu
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 970(70) keV
| rowspan=2|18,7(5) jam
| β− (82%)
| 200Hg
| rowspan=2|12−
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (18%)
| 200Au
|-
| 201Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 122
| 200,971657(3)
| 26(1) mnt
| β−
| 201Hg
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 201m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 594(5) keV
| 730(630) μdtk
|
|
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 201m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1610(5) keV
| 5,6(2,4)  μdtk
|
|
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| 202Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 123
| 201,97381(18)
| 28,8(19) dtk
| β−
| 202Hg
| (1−)
|
|
|-
| 203Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 124
| 202,975155(3)
| 60(6) dtk
| β−
| 203Hg
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 203mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 641(3) keV
| 140(44) μdtk
| IT
| 203Au
| 11/2−#
|
|
|-
| 204Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 125
| 203,97772(22)#
| 38,3(1,3) dtk
| β−
| 204Hg
| (2−)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 204mAu
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3816(1000)# keV
| 2,1(0,3) μdtk
| IT
| 204Au
| 16+#
|
|
|-
| 205Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 126
| 204,97985(21)#
| 32,5(1,4) dtk
| β−
| 205Hg
| 3/2+#
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m1Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 907(5) keV
| 6(2) dtk
|
|
| 11/2−#
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m2Au
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2850(5) keV
| 163(5) ndtk
|
|
| 19/2+#
|
|
|-
| 206Au
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| style="text-align:right" | 127
| 205,98474(32)#
| 47(11) dtk
| β−
| 206Hg
| (5+, 6+)
|
|

Referensi

 Massa isotop dari:

 Komposisi isotop dan massa atom standar dari:

 Data waktu paruh, spin, dan isomer dipilih dari sumber-sumber berikut.

Kategori:Isotop emas
Kategori:Emas
Emas