Papar paksa

Papar paksa, sehari-hari "pemaksaan" atau "kelompok pemaksaan", adalah membawa manusia menjadi seorang militer atau angkatan laut dengan paksaan, dengan atau tanpa pemberitahuan. Angkatan laut dari beberapa negara menggunakan perekrutan paksa dengan berbagai cara.

 Referensi 
Catatan informasiKutipan

 Daftar pustaka 

 Brunsman, Denver, "The Evil Necessity: British Naval Impressment in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World" (Univ. of Virginia Press: 2013) 
 Cray, Robert E., "Remembering the USS Chesapeake: The Politics of Maritime. Death and Impressment," Journal of the Early Republic (Fall 2005) vol 25 pp  445–74.
 Curtis, Edward, The Organization of the British Army in the American Revolution. 1972, 
 Dancy,  J. Ross. The Myth of the Press Gang: Volunteers, Impressment and the Naval Manpower (2015)
 Ennis, Daniel James. Enter the Press-Gang: Naval Impressment in Eighteenth-Century British Literature (University of Delaware Press, 2002).
 Lewis, Michael. A Social History of the Navy 1793-1815 (1960).
 Mercer, Keith. "North Atlantic Press Gangs: Impressment and Naval-civilian Relations in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, 1749--1815" (PhD Dissertation, Dalhousie U, 2008)  online free
 Miller, Nathan. Sea of Glory, 1974, 
 Nash, Gary, The Urban Crucible, The Northern Seaports and the Origins of the American Revolution, 1986, 
 Rodger, N. A. M. The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy.  W. W. Norton and Company, 1986.
 Rodger, N. A. M. The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815.  W. W. Norton and Company, 2004.
 Rogers, Nicholas "The Press Gang: Naval Impressment and its Opponents in Georgian Britain" (2007) 
 Sawtell, Clement Cleveland, "Impressment of American Seamen by the British," Essex Institute Historical Collections 76#4 (October 1940): pp. 314–44.
 Selement, George. "Impressment and the American Merchant Marine 1782–1812: an American View." The Mariner's Mirror 59#4 (1973): 409-418.
 Smith, Page, A new age now begins, 1976, 



 Pranala luar 


 The Impress Service, basic article on "press gangs" in British ports, charged with impressing sailors into the Navy.
 example of impressment of HMS Pandora crew in 1790.
 PBS documentary on War of 1812 with chapter on impressment 

Kategori:Perang 1812